Neotropical Entomology最新文献

{"title":"Genetic Variability of Dalbulus maidis Populations from Brazil and Their Infectivity with Pathogens of Corn Stunt Complex.","authors":"Eduardo Silva Gorayeb, Samara Campos do Nascimento, Jacson Ferreira, Vitória Gabrielli Ferreira de Oliveira, Daian Marcos Savaris, Luan Tiago Dos Santos Carbonari, Leandro Prado Ribeiro, Maria Cristina Canale, Fábio Nascimento da Silva","doi":"10.1007/s13744-025-01257-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-025-01257-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The corn leafhopper, Dalbulus maidis (DeLong & Wolcott) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), is a key pest of maize crops in the tropical and subtropical regions of the Americas. In addition to direct damage, its major impact is related to its action as insect vector of pathogens related to corn stunting complex (CSC). CSC diseases are currently the most important and cause severe crop losses in Argentina, Mexico, Brazil, and the southern United States, and outbreaks have been more oftenly reported. Little information is available on the population characteristics of the corn leafhopper and its bioecology. In this sense, we analyzed the genetic diversity of 120 representative specimens of D. maidis from four regions of Brazil (Northeast, Southeast, South, and Central-West) using a region of the mitochondrial gene coding for the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) as molecular marker. In addition, the infectivity of the collected insects with CSC pathogens was assessed to verify the prevalence of each CSC pathogen in specimens collected from different regions of Brazil. The Brazilian D. maidis population studied was divided into 18 mitochondrial haplotypes, focusing on haplotypes A, B, and C, which are predominant in this country. In addition, the mtCOI gene of D. maidis was found to have low variability in Brazil (π = 0.00171). Our data suggest that there are no spatial or temporal barriers between the different populations of D. maidis studied, which could be due to a short evolutionary time and its outstanding dispersion capacity. In addition, this study revealed a prevalence of infected leafhoppers with any of the CSC pathogens in Brazil, with more than half of the samples analyzed carrying at least one of the phytopathogens studied. Our study provides insights on population pest management of D. maidis in order to prevent CSC incidence in maize crops and pest resistance development in these vector populations to agricultural pesticides.</p>","PeriodicalId":19071,"journal":{"name":"Neotropical Entomology","volume":"54 1","pages":"44"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143516229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab Toxins on the Development of the Predator Chrysoperla zastrowi sillemi Through Prey-Mediated Tri-trophic Interactions.","authors":"Jagdeep Kaur, Naveen Aggarwal","doi":"10.1007/s13744-025-01255-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-025-01255-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adopting genetically modified crops in developing nations like India has consistently been hindered by apprehensions regarding their impact on non-target arthropods. Consequently, laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the impact of Bt toxins of BG-II cotton on the common green lacewing [Chrysoperla zastrowi sillemi (Esben-Petersen)], indirectly exposing them to the toxins. Prey-mediated feeding bioassays, utilizing BG-II cotton and non-Bt cotton plants as hosts, two prey herbivores, specifically Aphis gossypii Glover and Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), were conducted on several days to assess the effects of Cry toxins on the growth of C. z. sillemi. The ELISA assay quantified the Cry toxins across three trophic levels and revealed that the leaves had the highest quantities of Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab toxins, measuring 7.36 and 23.54 µg/g FW, respectively. In contrast, herbivores and predators exhibited very low concentrations of Cry toxins. Although traces of Cry toxins were found in both herbivores and predators, they had no negative impacts on any of the predator's developmental characteristics including total larval development period, pupal period, adult weight, adult longevity, and fecundity/female confirming that these toxins do not threaten C. z. sillemi.</p>","PeriodicalId":19071,"journal":{"name":"Neotropical Entomology","volume":"54 1","pages":"43"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143516231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Larvicidal Efficacy of Chloris virgata Extracts Against Aedes aegypti, Anopheles stephensi, and Culex quinquefasciatus with Insights into Mode of Action via Molecular Docking.","authors":"Babu Muthu, Patheri Kunyil Kaleena, Abirami Thanigachalam, Velu Kuppan, Janaki Arumugam, Ashok Kamalanathan, Nael Abutaha, Fahd A Al-Mekhlafi, Mohammed S Al-Khalifa","doi":"10.1007/s13744-025-01250-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-025-01250-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The indiscriminate use of synthetic insecticides for mosquito control has resulted in significant challenges, such as environmental pollution and growing insecticide resistance. In response, there is increasing interest in eco-friendly alternatives like plant-based larvicides. This study assesses the larvicidal efficacy of Chloris virgate (Poales: Poaceae) extracts against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae), Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae), and Anopheles stephensi (Diptera: Culicidae), and investigates the bioactive chemical compounds responsible for this activity. Soxhlet individual extraction was performed using n-hexane, chloroform, and ethanol, and methanol solvents are used separately to extract bioactive compounds from C. virgata. This approach allows for the selective extraction of specific compounds based on their solubility in each solvent. The extracts were tested on fourth instar larvae, and lethal concentrations (LC₅₀ and LC₉₀) were calculated via probit analysis. The methanol extract exhibited the lowest LC50 and LC90 values against Culex quinquefasciatus, with LC50 at 80.11 ppm and LC90 at 176.22 ppm, suggesting higher toxicity and effectiveness in larvicidal activity. Methanol extracts significantly affected mosquito larvae midguts, causing cytoplasmic thinning, muscle fiber disorganization, and brush border disruption. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis identified major compounds such as stigmasterol, campesterol, and γ-sitosterol. Campesterol, 4.alpha.,14-Dimethyl-5.alpha, and Lanosterol showed strong binding affinities with acetylcholine esterase (5X61), exhibiting multiple hydrophobic interactions with key residues, including TRP 441, TYR 282, and CYS 447. Campesterol also displayed significant binding to Sterol Carrier Protein-2 (1PZ4) and Odorant-Binding Protein (3OGN) with several hydrophobic interactions, achieving binding affinities of - 10.1 kcal/mol and - 9.7 kcal/mol, respectively. This study highlights the potential of C. virgata methanol extracts as a promising eco-friendly larvicide for mosquito population management.</p>","PeriodicalId":19071,"journal":{"name":"Neotropical Entomology","volume":"54 1","pages":"42"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143516241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity and Implication of Symbiotic Bacteria in Aphids-Ants Relationships in Madagascar.","authors":"Hugo Luttenschlager, Grégoire Noël, Joachim Carpentier, Lallie Glacet, Andrianjaka Ravelomanana, Jean Claude Rakotonirina, Tahina Rajaonera, Frédéric Francis","doi":"10.1007/s13744-025-01259-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-025-01259-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Facultative bacteria in aphids provide their hosts with various physiological and ecological adaptations, such as resistance to thermal stress, parasitoids and entomopathogenic fungi. Furthermore, these symbionts possess the capacity to modulate the composition of honeydew, a substance that is particularly favored by numerous ant species. That's why we were interested in determining whether the presence of facultative bacteria in myrmecophilic aphids influences their relationship with mutualistic ants. In the vicinity of Antananarivo (Madagascar), the objectives of the study were to (i) determine the diversity of ants, aphids and symbionts and to (ii) assess the impacts of the identified symbiont on behavioural interactions of ants and aphids. We identified a total of four species (Serratia symbiotica, Rickettsia, Spiroplasma, Hamiltonella defensa) of facultative symbionts present in the three ant species (Camponotus maculate, Monomorium madecassum, Nylanderia gracilis) we tested and a total of six facultative symbionts (Serratia symbiotica, Rickettsia, Spiroplasma, Hamiltonella defensa, Regiella insecticola, Rickettsiella) among three of the five aphid species (Aphis citricidus, Aphis fabae, Aphis spiraecola, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Rhopalosiphum maidis) we tested. Although our results did not show the involvement of symbionts on ant behaviour or their association with aphids, our study showed that the number of ants increases with the number of interactions, that Nylanderia gracilis are the ants with the most interactions and finally that ants observed on pesticide-treated plots have fewer interactions with aphids.</p>","PeriodicalId":19071,"journal":{"name":"Neotropical Entomology","volume":"54 1","pages":"40"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Assessment of Different Rearing Diets on the Developmental and Reproductive Behaviour of Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).","authors":"Sushmita Banra, Jaipal Singh Choudhary, Luaay Kahtan Khalaf, Bilal Ahamad Paray, Mohammad Khalid Al-Sadoon, Anand Kumar Thakur, Anita Kumari, Priti Kumari Oraon, Naiyar Naaz","doi":"10.1007/s13744-025-01256-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-025-01256-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many agricultural crops are attacked by polyphagous insect pest known as the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) in India. Information regarding the developmental and reproductive behaviour of S. frugiperda on various rearing diets is vital for mass production in the laboratory. The present study reports larval, pupal, and adult development period, survival rate, parameters of life table, and nutritional indices of S. frugiperda on maize-artificial diet (maize up to 3rd instar and artificial diet after), artificial diet, maize leaves, and castor leaves under laboratory conditions. Egg to adult preoviposition development time on maize-artificial diet (27.78 ± 0.31 days) was significantly lower than that on other diets. Furthermore, S. frugiperda fecundity on maize-artificial diet was significantly higher than on artificial diet, maize leaves, and castor leaves. The values of finite rate of increase (λ) and intrinsic rate of increase (r) were highest on the maize-artificial diet at 0.176 day^-1 and 1.193 day^-1, respectively, as compared to others. The values of nutritional indices such as relative growth rate (RGR) and relative consumption rate (RCR) were substantially superior for S. frugiperda fed on maize-artificial diet, artificial diet, and maize leaves than for larvae fed on castor leaves. Growth and reproduction parameters values showed that S. frugiperda larvae rearing on successive feeding on maize-artificial diet were the most suitable. The present study concludes that maize-artificial diet-based successive feeding can be used as mass multiplication of S. frugiperda in laboratory conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19071,"journal":{"name":"Neotropical Entomology","volume":"54 1","pages":"41"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Species and a New Combination in Stenopholea Herman with the First Description of Dolicaonina Larva (Staphylinidae: Paederinae: Paederini).","authors":"Carlos Moreno, Sônia A Casari, Dagmara Żyła","doi":"10.1007/s13744-025-01253-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13744-025-01253-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The genus Stenopholea Herman, 1969 (Staphylinidae: Paederinae) includes 11 species restricted to the Neotropical region, with species recorded in Brazil, Mexico, and Ecuador. Most species predominantly inhabit high-altitude terrain. Besides Stenopholea, the subtribe Dolicaonina includes 18 other genera, and to date, the larvae of this subtribe have not been formally described. In recent surveys in high-altitude grounds in Brazil, we collected adults and larva of a new species of Stenopholea, S. itatiaia sp. nov. herein described, marking the first description of a larva for the subtribe Dolicaonina. This species is the first record of the genus for Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and a distributional map for the species of Stenopholea is also presented. Additionally, the Paederinae species Lathrobium franckei Wendeler, 1956 is transferred here to Stenopholea and synonymized with S. thyma Herman, 1981, establishing a new combination: Stenopholea franckei (Wendeler, 1956) comb. nov.</p>","PeriodicalId":19071,"journal":{"name":"Neotropical Entomology","volume":"54 1","pages":"39"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143409367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Taxonomy and Biological Aspects of Gonatopus Ljungh (Hymenoptera: Dryinidae): Description of a New Species, Sexual Association and Record of Host from Northeast Brazil.","authors":"Gabriel Luiz Celante, Alexandre Cruz Domahovski, Benoit Jean Bernard Jahyny, André Luis Martins","doi":"10.1007/s13744-024-01217-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13744-024-01217-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gonatopus Ljungh is recognized as the third most diverse genus within Dryinidae (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) and exhibits a pronounced sexual dimorphism. Due to its extensive diversity, species recognition for both sexes are challenging without the use of specimens obtained through rearing or the application of molecular techniques such as DNA barcoding. In Brazil, the knowledge of Gonatopus fauna is limited, with the Northeast region being particularly under-studied. The objective of this study was to gather comprehensive information about the biology of Gonatopus through the rearing of parasitized leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). This approach allowed for the recognition and description of a new species, G. cambitos Martins & Celante sp. nov. Furthermore, the study facilitated the association of sexes through the parasitism performed by females of the new species on nymphs of Frequenamia confusa (Linnavuori) (Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae). Additionally, the research provided insights into predation and parasitism behavior, detailing the developmental stages from larva to adult and we provided a discussion about the distribution of Gonatopus in the Northeast Region of Brazil. In addition to these findings, is provided a discussion about the previous of Gonatopus in the Northeast region of Brazil, based on distribution records.</p>","PeriodicalId":19071,"journal":{"name":"Neotropical Entomology","volume":"54 1","pages":"38"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143409369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disentangling the Taxonomy of Parides burchellanus (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) and Related Taxa.","authors":"André Victor Lucci Freitas, Christian Brévignon, Karina Lucas Silva-Brandão","doi":"10.1007/s13744-025-01252-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13744-025-01252-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With eight described taxa, the \"panthonus clade\" of Parides Hübner, [1819] has been the subject of several recent taxonomic rearrangements, including the number of species that compose this clade. Based on new molecular data, including sequences of the nominate subspecies of the two putative species of this group, namely Parides burchellanus (Westwood, 1872) and P. panthonus panthonus (Cramer, 1780), a new phylogenetic hypothesis is presented for this clade. The obtained phylogeny recovered the \"panthonus clade\" as monophyletic and divided into two main sub-clades. Based on this tree and genetic distances, the \"panthonus clade\" comprises two species: (1) P. burchellanus, which has no recognized subspecies, and (2) P. panthonus (Cramer, 1780), with seven described subspecies. The present study has contributed significantly towards clarifying the systematics of the \"panthonus clade,\" an important first step towards future studies of the ecology, biogeography, and species conservation within this clade.</p>","PeriodicalId":19071,"journal":{"name":"Neotropical Entomology","volume":"54 1","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143409364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aggregative Infestation of Nine Bostrichidae Species on the Madagascar Almond Tree, Terminalia neotaliala Capuron (Myrtales: Combretaceae).","authors":"Xiao-Lu Cao, Li Yu, Jian-Song Wei, Qiu-Hong Tao, Qian Lu, Wan-Xuan Wei, Xia-Lin Zheng","doi":"10.1007/s13744-025-01249-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-025-01249-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bostrichid beetles are well-known pests of wood and wood products in the world. The Madagascar almond tree, Terminalia neotaliala Capuron (Myrtales: Combretaceae), is uniquely layered and has been introduced and cultivated across several continents, where it is commonly used in urban landscape projects. To assess the damage caused by bostrichid beetles to T. neotaliala, the damage status of T. neotaliala, the classification of bostrichid beetles, and their vertical distribution on host plants were investigated. The primary site of infestation by bostrichid beetles on T. neotaliala living trees was the lateral branches in the fields with the damage symptoms, including unseasonable yellowed leaves, branch breakage, or eventual death of the entire lateral branch. The total percentage of attacked plants was 9.53%. Significant positive correlations existed between the percentage of attacked plants and the diameter at breast height and crown width, but not with the tree height. The percentage of damage by bostrichid beetles to T. neotaliala reached level I and level II over the 2-year observation. A total of nine species from four genera of Bostrichidae infested the T. neotaliala, i.e., Sinoxylon eucerum Lesne, S. flabrarius Lesne, S. japonicum Lesne, S. mangiferae Chûjô, S. pygmaeum Lesne, S. tignarium Lesne, Xylocis tortilicornis Lesne, Xylodectes ornatus (Lesne), and Xylopsocus capucinus (Fabricius). There were no distinct differences in the total number of Bostrichidae species on different crown layers of T. neotaliala, and no significant correlations between the total number of species and individuals, and the number of individuals of each species and the measurements of plants (i.e., diameter at breast height, crown width, and tree height). Our findings provide essential information for the development, implementation and monitoring of effective control strategies against bostrichid beetles on T. neotaliala.</p>","PeriodicalId":19071,"journal":{"name":"Neotropical Entomology","volume":"54 1","pages":"36"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant Oil Nano-Emulsions as a Potential Solution for Pest Control in Sustainable Agriculture.","authors":"Amany D Abd-Elnabi, Elham Abdel Fattah El-Sawy, Mohamed E I Badawy","doi":"10.1007/s13744-024-01243-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13744-024-01243-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing demand for sustainable and eco-friendly pest control methods has led to a growing interest in the development of novel, plant-based pesticides. In this study, we investigated the potential of nano-emulsions containing plant oils (Portulaca oleracea, Raphanus sativus, and Rosmarinus officinalis) as a new approach for controlling three major pests: Aphis gossypii, Spodoptera littoralis, and Tetranychus urticae. Using ultrasonication, we prepared stable and uniform nano-emulsions characterized by thermodynamic properties, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that the nano-emulsions were effective in controlling the three pests, with the most potent activity observed against Aphis gossypii. Our findings suggest that plant oil nano-emulsions have the potential to be used as a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to traditional pesticides. The use of these nano-emulsions could provide a new approach to manage pest populations, reducing the environmental impact of pesticide use, and promoting sustainable agriculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":19071,"journal":{"name":"Neotropical Entomology","volume":"54 1","pages":"35"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11782356/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143066569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}