Marcelo Macchi da Silva, J. F. Neto, L. C. Moreira, J. Swart
{"title":"A motion detection pixel system using an inductorless UWB transmitter on standard 0.35µm/CMOS technology","authors":"Marcelo Macchi da Silva, J. F. Neto, L. C. Moreira, J. Swart","doi":"10.1109/LASCAS.2013.6519056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LASCAS.2013.6519056","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a CMOS pixel motion detector based on a current-mode APS (Active Pixel Sensor) topology with wireless capability using an Impulse Radio - Ultra Wide Band (IR-UWB) in standard 0.35μm CMOS technology for applications in image sensor networks. A pixel was designed with a transmission gate to control one copier cell in order to compare different integration times. The pixel output is a digital signal proportional to the difference between the two currents. The proposed IR-UWB has a simple architecture, without inductors and carrier modulators. It is based on parallel pulse generator blocks that produce Gaussian pulses, and a pulse shaping stage which adjusts the pulse amplitude, below the FCC -41.3dBm floor. The transmitter exhibits as main characteristics: output pulse of 408ps wide at 4.90GHz, and voltage amplitude of 144mVpp, an average power is only of 7.15μW/pulse at 170MHz PRF (Pulse Repetition Frequency). The whole circuit has been simulated using LTSpice and the results demonstrate the circuit capability to operate as a motion detector. The complete circuit pixel occupies a very small area of 120μm × 115μm.","PeriodicalId":190693,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE 4th Latin American Symposium on Circuits and Systems (LASCAS)","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124922912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A current-starved inverter-based differential amplifier design for ultra-low power applications","authors":"William Wilson, Tom Chen, Ryan Selby","doi":"10.1109/LASCAS.2013.6519040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LASCAS.2013.6519040","url":null,"abstract":"As silicon feature sizes decrease, more complex circui try arrays can now be contrived on a single die. This increase in the number of on-chip devices per unit area results in increased power dissipation per unit area. In order to meet certain power and operating temperature specifications, circuit design necessitates a focus on power efficiency, which is especially important in systems employing hundreds or thousands of instances of the same device. In large arrays, a slight increase in the power efficiency of a single component is heightened by the number of instances of the device in the system. This paper proposes a fully differential, low-power current-starving inverter-based amplifier topology designed in a commercial 0.18μm process. This design achieves 46dB DC gain and a 464 kHz uni ty gain frequency with a power consumption of only 145.32nW at 700mV power supply vol tage for ultra-low power, low bandwidth applications. Higher bandwidth designs are also proposed, including a 48dB DC gain, 2.4 MHz unity-gain frequency amplifier operating at 900mV wi th only 3.74μW power consumption.","PeriodicalId":190693,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE 4th Latin American Symposium on Circuits and Systems (LASCAS)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125155838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A programmable charge pump voltage converter for implantable medical devices in a HV technology","authors":"J. Gak, M. Miguez, A. Arnaud","doi":"10.1109/LASCAS.2013.6519060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LASCAS.2013.6519060","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a multi-channel, 5bit programmable charge-pump voltage multiplier aimed at charging the output capacitors for the delivery of voltage stimuli in implantable devices, is presented. The circuit was fabricated in a 0.6μm HV-CMOS technology and tested, showing a measured charge efficiency close to 95% of the maximum theoretical value. The individual charge pump channels share the pump capacitors and can be programmed as IX, 2X, or 3X multiplier. The circuit is capable to operate with a battery ranging from 1.6V to 5.5V.","PeriodicalId":190693,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE 4th Latin American Symposium on Circuits and Systems (LASCAS)","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116623445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design of an OTA-Miller for a 96dB SNR SC multi-bit Sigma-Delta modulator based on gm/ID methodology","authors":"H. Cubas, J. Soares","doi":"10.1109/LASCAS.2013.6519051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LASCAS.2013.6519051","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the design of an OTA-Miller amplifier of the first integrator of a Switched-Capacitor Multibit Sigma-Delta Modulator. The first integrator OTA is the most critical block in Sigma-Delta Modulator due to the high bandwidth, high Slew Rate and low noise requirements. The first integrator OTA specifications are obtained from the Sigma-Delta Modulator designing for low power consumption. The gm/ID methodology is used on the OTA design of the first integrator to reduce the power consumption. This methodology is also applied in the other OTAs of the Sigma-Delta Modulator. The Chopper technique is also implemented to reduce the input referred noise of the first integrator. The SDM with the designed OTAs using the gm/ID methodology is simulated by the Spectre simulator. Implemented in 0.18 μm CMOS technology, the SDM achieves a 96 dB SNR for 20 kHz signal bandwidth and a power consumption of 2.77 mW for a 1.8 V supply.","PeriodicalId":190693,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE 4th Latin American Symposium on Circuits and Systems (LASCAS)","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124684064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. da Rocha Henriques, LISANDRO LOVISOLO, M. Rubinstein
{"title":"Algorithms for energy efficient reconstruction of a process with a multihop Wireless Sensor Network","authors":"F. da Rocha Henriques, LISANDRO LOVISOLO, M. Rubinstein","doi":"10.1109/LASCAS.2013.6519004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LASCAS.2013.6519004","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, a multihop Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is employed to monitor a field, modeled as a process s(x, y, t). In order to extend the lifetime of the network, we propose two algorithms for energy-efficient reconstruction of the monitored process. The reconstruction of the process is done in sink node, with samples that it receives from each sensor node. Both algorithms explore the variation rate of the field to manage the necessity of communication by sensor nodes, aiming at reducing the amount of transmissions. Furthermore, nodes can sleep between transmissions to save energy. Simulations are done, and results show a significant increase in the network lifetime, compared to a WSN without any energy saving method. The algorithms are evaluated with respect to the reconstruction error of the field being sensed and network lifetime increase.","PeriodicalId":190693,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE 4th Latin American Symposium on Circuits and Systems (LASCAS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129885426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A power optimized decimator for sigma-delta data converters","authors":"D. Carvalho, J. Navarro","doi":"10.1109/LASCAS.2013.6519018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LASCAS.2013.6519018","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an optimized design technique for a decimator (or decimation filter) which is part of a 2nd-order sigma-delta modulator with an oversampling ratio (OSR) of 128. The modulator is part of an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) designed for a digital hearing aid. The decimator takes the 1-bit modulator output at 128fs (sampling frequency) and reduces the sampling frequency to twice the highest frequency of interest (i.e., 24-bits at fs). This task is performed in three stages: a cascaded integrator-comb (CIC) filter, downsampling with a factor of 32, followed by a bandwidth extended and then a sharp-cutoff finite impulse response (FIR) filters, each of them downsampling with a factor of 2. Polyphase filtering and circular buffer stages are also used to reduce the power consumption. The decimator was synthesized in the 140nm NXP CMOS process and occupies an area of 0.608 mm2. It presents a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 85 dB while consuming 188 μW with 0.9 volts power supply (simulation results).","PeriodicalId":190693,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE 4th Latin American Symposium on Circuits and Systems (LASCAS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125794803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design of synchronous pipeline digital systems operating in double-edge of the clock","authors":"D. L. Oliveira, T. Curtinhas, L. Faria, L. Romano","doi":"10.1109/LASCAS.2013.6519068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LASCAS.2013.6519068","url":null,"abstract":"In contemporaneous digital systems the fetch by performance is critical, many times is accomplished through of the use of the pipeline control. In these systems the activity of the clock signal is a major energy consumer. It is responsible for 15% to 45% of the total consumed energy. Once reducing the activity of the clock signal, it is possible not only a reduction of the considered energy, but also a reduction of clock skew problems and electromagnetic iteration. An interesting strategy to achieve this goal is to design the synchronous digital system to operate in transitions of both edges of the clock signal (double-edge triggered - DET), once it allows a 50% reduction in the frequency of the clock signal, although showing the same processing rate data. In this paper it is proposed a method that synthesizes synchronous digital systems with pipeline control that operate on both edges of the clock signal, using only flip-flops sensitive to a single edge of the clock signal (single-edge triggered flip-flops-SET-FF) as components of the state memory. The proposed method presents very good potential to reduce the problems associated with the clock, has a high probability of practical implementation with low penalty on area.","PeriodicalId":190693,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE 4th Latin American Symposium on Circuits and Systems (LASCAS)","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127946396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Greicy Marques-Costa, W. Mansour, F. Pancher, R. Velazco, A. Bui, D. Sohier
{"title":"Optimization of a self-converging algorithm at assembly level to improve SEU fault-tolerance","authors":"Greicy Marques-Costa, W. Mansour, F. Pancher, R. Velazco, A. Bui, D. Sohier","doi":"10.1109/LASCAS.2013.6519033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LASCAS.2013.6519033","url":null,"abstract":"The robustness with respect to SEUs (Single-Event Upset) of a self-converging algorithm is improved by fault-tolerance techniques implemented at software level. SEU-sensitivity evaluation was done by fault injection campaigns performed using a devoted test platform. Experimental results show that implementing fault-tolerance by modifying the assembly code leads to significant improvements of the fault tolerance.","PeriodicalId":190693,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE 4th Latin American Symposium on Circuits and Systems (LASCAS)","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130870880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Rayas-Sánchez, Z. Brito-Brito, Juan C. Cervantes-González, Carlos A. Lopez
{"title":"Systematic configuration of coarsely discretized 3D EM solvers for reliable and fast simulation of high-frequency planar structures","authors":"J. Rayas-Sánchez, Z. Brito-Brito, Juan C. Cervantes-González, Carlos A. Lopez","doi":"10.1109/LASCAS.2013.6519093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LASCAS.2013.6519093","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate simulation of microstrip and other planar structures at very high frequencies usually requires employing full-wave electromagnetic (EM) solvers. For planar circuits, 2.5D EM solvers are especially suited and easy to configure. However, in some cases, planar circuits are required to be simulated in 3D solvers. On the other hand, low-resolution discretization in 3D solvers is necessary when coarse models are employed for direct EM optimization, for instance, in space mapping methodologies, or in surrogate-based modeling techniques. In this work, we propose a systematic methodology to find a suitable 3D EM solver configuration when low-resolution meshing is needed for reliable and fast simulation of planar structures. We illustrate how improper configuration of the 3D EM solver might lead to significant alteration of the inherent structure's EM response, as well as to numerical noise that affects the parameterized usage of these models, such as in direct EM optimization. Our technique is illustrated by a couple of classical microstrip filters simulated with a commercially available 3D full-wave EM solver.","PeriodicalId":190693,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE 4th Latin American Symposium on Circuits and Systems (LASCAS)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133848774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matheus T. Moreira, C. Oliveira, Ricardo C. Porto, Ney Laert Vilar Calazans
{"title":"Design of NCL gates with the ASCEnD flow","authors":"Matheus T. Moreira, C. Oliveira, Ricardo C. Porto, Ney Laert Vilar Calazans","doi":"10.1109/LASCAS.2013.6519002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LASCAS.2013.6519002","url":null,"abstract":"Silicon technologies advances brought the possibility of integrating billions of transistors in a die. However, as transistors get smaller, some of the aspects that were negligible in previous technologies emerge as difficulties for the design in current and future technology nodes. In this context, fully synchronous circuits are harder to be built, as timing closure constraints become difficult to be met, and the asynchronous paradigm gains interest in the research community for its ability to cope with current technologies issues. AS-CEnD was proposed as a standard cell library for supporting standard-cell based design of asynchronous circuits and comprises a design flow for asynchronous components. This work presents the use of the ASCEnD flow to design NCL gates, which enable design improvement opportunities for some asynchronous templates. A total of 14 different NCL gates were designed at the layout level and had their electrical behavior characterized. As a result, electrical and physical models of these gates are now part of the ASCEnD library.","PeriodicalId":190693,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE 4th Latin American Symposium on Circuits and Systems (LASCAS)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123462656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}