Molecular omics最新文献

{"title":"Metabolomics approach to understand molecular mechanisms involved in fungal pathogen–citrus pathosystems","authors":"Evandro Silva, Rodolfo Dantas, Júlio César Barbosa, Roberto G. S. Berlinck and Taicia Fill","doi":"10.1039/D3MO00182B","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3MO00182B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Citrus is a crucial crop with a significant economic impact globally. However, postharvest decay caused by fungal pathogens poses a considerable threat, leading to substantial financial losses. <em>Penicillium digitatum</em>, <em>Penicillium italicum</em>, <em>Geotrichum citri-aurantii</em> and <em>Phyllosticta citricarpa</em> are the main fungal pathogens, causing green mold, blue mold, sour rot and citrus black spot diseases, respectively. The use of chemical fungicides as a control strategy in citrus raises concerns about food and environmental safety. Therefore, understanding the molecular basis of host–pathogen interactions is essential to find safer alternatives. This review highlights the potential of the metabolomics approach in the search for bioactive compounds involved in the pathogen–citrus interaction, and how the integration of metabolomics and genomics contributes to the understanding of secondary metabolites associated with fungal virulence and the fungal infection mechanisms. Our goal is to provide a pipeline combining metabolomics and genomics that can effectively guide researchers to perform studies aiming to contribute to the understanding of the fundamental chemical and biochemical aspects of pathogen–host interactions, in order to effectively develop new alternatives for fungal diseases in citrus cultivation. We intend to inspire the scientific community to question unexplored biological systems, and to employ diverse analytical approaches and metabolomics techniques to address outstanding questions about the non-studied pathosystems from a chemical biology perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":19065,"journal":{"name":"Molecular omics","volume":" 3","pages":" 154-168"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139564516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Open-tubular trap columns: towards simple and robust liquid chromatography separations for single-cell proteomics","authors":"Kei G. I. Webber, Siqi Huang, Thy Truong, Jacob L. Heninger, Michal Gregus, Alexander R. Ivanov and Ryan T. Kelly","doi":"10.1039/D3MO00249G","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3MO00249G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Nanoflow liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry is key to enabling in-depth proteome profiling of trace samples, including single cells, but these separations can lack robustness due to the use of narrow-bore columns that are susceptible to clogging. In the case of single-cell proteomics, offline cleanup steps are generally omitted to avoid losses to additional surfaces, and online solid-phase extraction/trap columns frequently provide the only opportunity to remove salts and insoluble debris before the sample is introduced to the analytical column. Trap columns are traditionally short, packed columns used to load and concentrate analytes at flow rates greater than those employed in analytical columns, and since these first encounter the uncleaned sample mixture, trap columns are also susceptible to clogging. We hypothesized that clogging could be avoided by using large-bore porous layer open tubular trap columns (PLOTrap). The low back pressure ensured that the PLOTraps could also serve as the sample loop, thus allowing sample cleanup and injection with a single 6-port valve. We found that PLOTraps could effectively remove debris to avoid column clogging. We also evaluated multiple stationary phases and PLOTrap diameters to optimize performance in terms of peak widths and sample loading capacities. Optimized PLOTraps were compared to conventional packed trap columns operated in forward and backflush modes, and were found to have similar chromatographic performance of backflushed traps while providing improved debris removal for robust analysis of trace samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":19065,"journal":{"name":"Molecular omics","volume":" 3","pages":" 184-191"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139589835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical diversity of Brittonodoxa subpinnata, a Brazilian native species of moss†","authors":"Wilton Ricardo Sala-Carvalho, Denilson Fernandes Peralta and Cláudia Maria Furlan","doi":"10.1039/D3MO00209H","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3MO00209H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Plants should be probably thought of as the most formidable chemical laboratory that can be exploited for the production of an incredible number of molecules with remarkable structural and chemical diversity that cannot be matched by any synthetic libraries of small molecules. The bryophytes chemistry has been neglected for too long, but in the last ten years, this scenery is changing, with several studies being made using extracts from bryophytes, aimed at the characterization of interesting metabolites, with their metabolome screened. The main objective of this study was to analyze the metabolome of <em>Brittonodoxa subpinnata</em>, a native Brazilian moss species, which occurs in the two Brazilian hotspots. GC-MS and LC-MS<small>²</small> were performed. All extracts were analyzed using the molecular networking approach. The four extracts of <em>B. subpinnata</em> (polar, non-polar, soluble, and insoluble) resulted in 928 features detected within the established parameters. 189 (20.4%) compounds were annotated, with sugars, fatty acids, flavonoids, and biflavonoids as the major constituents. Sucrose was the sugar with the highest quantity; palmitic acid the major fatty acid but with great presence of very long-chain fatty acids rarely found in higher plants, glycosylated flavonoids were the major flavonoids, and biflavonoids majorly composed by units of flavones and flavanones, exclusively found in the cell wall. Despite the high percentage, this work leaves a significant gap for future works using other structure elucidation techniques, such as NMR.</p>","PeriodicalId":19065,"journal":{"name":"Molecular omics","volume":" 3","pages":" 203-212"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139552584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteome- and metabolome-level changes during early stages of clubroot infection in Brassica napus canola†","authors":"Dinesh Adhikary, Devang Mehta, Anna Kisiala, Urmila Basu, R. Glen Uhrig, RJ Neil Emery, Habibur Rahman and Nat N. V. Kav","doi":"10.1039/D3MO00210A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3MO00210A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Clubroot is a destructive root disease of canola (<em>Brassica napus</em> L.) caused by <em>Plasmodiophora brassicae</em> Woronin. Despite extensive research into the molecular responses of <em>B. napus</em> to <em>P. brassicae</em>, there is limited information on proteome- and metabolome-level changes in response to the pathogen, especially during the initial stages of infection. In this study, we have investigated the proteome- and metabolome- level changes in the roots of clubroot-resistant (CR) and -susceptible (CS) doubled-haploid (DH) <em>B. napus</em> lines, in response to <em>P. brassicae</em> pathotype 3H at 1-, 4-, and 7-days post-inoculation (DPI). Root proteomes were analyzed using nanoflow liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (nano LC-MS/MS). Comparisons of pathogen-inoculated and uninoculated root proteomes revealed 2515 and 1556 differentially abundant proteins at one or more time points (1-, 4-, and 7-DPI) in the CR and CS genotypes, respectively. Several proteins related to primary metabolites (<em>e.g.</em>, amino acids, fatty acids, and lipids), secondary metabolites (<em>e.g.</em>, glucosinolates), and cell wall reinforcement-related proteins [<em>e.g.</em>, laccase, peroxidases, and plant invertase/pectin methylesterase inhibitors (PInv/PMEI)] were identified. Eleven nucleotides and nucleoside-related metabolites, and eight fatty acids and sphingolipid-related metabolites were identified in the metabolomics study. To our knowledge, this is the first report of root proteome-level changes and associated alterations in metabolites during the early stages of <em>P. brassicae</em> infection in <em>B. napus</em>.</p>","PeriodicalId":19065,"journal":{"name":"Molecular omics","volume":" 4","pages":" 265-282"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139552601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A metabolomic snapshot through NMR revealed differences in phase transition during the induction of reproduction in Ulva ohnoi (Chlorophyta)†","authors":"Payal A. Bodar, Rajendra Singh Thakur, Jasmine V. Rajai, Satej Bhushan and Vaibhav A. Mantri","doi":"10.1039/D3MO00197K","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3MO00197K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The present study deals with the metabolomic status of <em>Ulva</em> cells undergoing phase transition (vegetative, determination and differentiation) when exposed to different abiotic conditions. The objective was to study whether metabolite changes occurring during the phase transition reveal any commonality among differential abiotic conditions. The phase transition was followed through microscopic observations and <small>¹</small>H NMR characterization at 0 h, 24 h, and 48 h after the incubation of the thallus under abiotic conditions, such as different salinities (20–35 psu), temperatures (20–35 °C), photoperiods (18 : 6, 12 : 12, and 6 : 18 D/N), light intensities (220, 350, and 500 μmol photons m<small>⁻²</small> s<small>⁻¹</small>), nitrate (0.05–0.2 g L<small>⁻¹</small>) and phosphate (0.05–0.2 g L<small>⁻¹</small>) concentrations. Microscopic analysis revealed the role of all abiotic conditions except variable salinity and phosphate concentration in phase transition. NMR analysis revealed that glucose increased in the determination phase [7.58 to 9.62 normalized intensity (AU)] and differentiation phase (5.85 to 6.41 AU) from 20 °C to 25 °C temperature. Coniferyl aldehyde increased in vegetative (5.79 to 6.83 AU) and differentiation (6.66 to 7.40 AU) phases from 20 °C to 30 °C temperature. The highest average (22.97) was found in photoperiod (average range = 0–122.91) and the highest SD (24.73) in salinity (SD range = 1.86–57.04) in region 9 (creatinine and cysteine) of the differentiation phase. A total of 30 metabolites were identified under the categories of sugars, amino acids, and aromatic compounds. The present study will aid in understanding the mechanisms underlying cell differentiation during reproduction. The result may serve as an important reference point for future studies, besides helping in controlling seedling preparation for commercial farming as well as the management of rapid green tide formation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19065,"journal":{"name":"Molecular omics","volume":" 2","pages":" 86-102"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139491120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"piRNAs in the human retina and retinal pigment epithelium reveal a potential role in intracellular trafficking and oxidative stress†","authors":"Muthuramalingam Karpagavalli, Suganya Sivagurunathan, T. Sayamsmruti Panda, Nagesh Srikakulam, Reety Arora, Lamiya Dohadwala, Basant K. Tiwary, Sudha Rani Sadras, Jayamuruga Pandian Arunachalam, Gopal Pandi and Subbulakshmi Chidambaram","doi":"10.1039/D3MO00122A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3MO00122A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Long considered active only in the germline, the PIWI/piRNA pathway is now known to play a significant role in somatic cells, especially neurons. In this study, piRNAs were profiled in the human retina and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Furthermore, RNA immunoprecipitation with HIWI2 (PIWIL4) in ARPE19 cells yielded 261 piRNAs, and the expression of selective piRNAs in donor eyes was assessed by qRT-PCR. Intriguingly, computational analysis revealed complete and partial seed sequence similarity between piR-hsa-26131 and the sensory organ specific miR-183/96/182 cluster. Furthermore, the expression of retina-enriched piR-hsa-26131 was positively correlated with miR-182 in HIWI2-silenced Y79 cells. In addition, the lnc-ZNF169 sequence matched with two miRNAs of the let-7 family, and piRNAs, piR-hsa-11361 and piR-hsa-11360, which could modulate the regulatory network of retinal differentiation. Interestingly, we annotated four enriched motifs among the piRNAs and found that the piRNAs containing CACAATG and CTCATCAKYG motifs were snoRNA-derived piRNAs, which are significantly associated with developmental functions. However, piRNAs consisting of ACCACTANACCAC and AKCACGYTCSC motifs were mainly tRNA-derived fragments linked to stress response and sensory perception. Additionally, co-expression network analysis revealed cell cycle control, intracellular transport and stress response as the important biological functions regulated by piRNAs in the retina. Moreover, loss of piRNAs in HIWI2 knockdown ARPE19 confirmed altered expression of targets implicated in intracellular transport, circadian clock, and retinal degeneration. Moreover, piRNAs were dysregulated under oxidative stress conditions, indicating their potential role in retinal pathology. Therefore, we postulate that piRNAs, miRNAs, and lncRNAs might have a functional interplay during retinal development and functions to regulate retinal homeostasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19065,"journal":{"name":"Molecular omics","volume":" 4","pages":" 248-264"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139470347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomarkers of heart failure: advances in omics studies","authors":"Kuo Chi, Jing Liu, Xinghua Li, He Wang, Yanliang Li, Qingnan Liu, Yabin Zhou and Yuan Ge","doi":"10.1039/D3MO00173C","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3MO00173C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Heart failure is a complex syndrome characterized by progressive circulatory dysfunction, manifesting clinically as pulmonary and systemic venous congestion, alongside inadequate tissue perfusion. The early identification of HF, particularly at the mild and moderate stages (stages B and C), presents a clinical challenge due to the overlap of signs, symptoms, and natriuretic peptide levels with other cardiorespiratory pathologies. Nonetheless, early detection coupled with timely pharmacological intervention is imperative for enhancing patient outcomes. Advances in high-throughput omics technologies have enabled researchers to analyze patient-derived biofluids and tissues, discovering biomarkers that are sensitive and specific for HF diagnosis. Due to the diversity of HF etiology, it is insufficient to study the diagnostic data of early HF using a single omics technology. This study reviewed the latest progress in genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics for the identification of HF biomarkers, offering novel insights into the early clinical diagnosis of HF. However, the validity of biomarkers depends on the disease status, intervention time, genetic diversity and comorbidities of the subjects. Moreover, biomarkers lack generalizability in different clinical settings. Hence, it is imperative to conduct multi-center, large-scale and standardized clinical trials to enhance the diagnostic accuracy and utility of HF biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":19065,"journal":{"name":"Molecular omics","volume":" 3","pages":" 169-183"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139029742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and application of mass spectrometric molecular networking for analyzing the ingredients of areca nut†","authors":"Jialiang Zhao, Jiachen Shi, Xiaoying Chen, Yuanluo Lei, Tian Tian, Shuang Zhu, Chin-Ping Tan, Yuanfa Liu and Yong-Jiang Xu","doi":"10.1039/D3MO00232B","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3MO00232B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Areca nut (<em>Areca catechu</em> L.) is commonly consumed as a chewing food in the Asian region. However, the investigations into the components of areca nut are limited. In this study, we have developed an approach that combines mass spectrometry with feature-based molecular network to explore the chemical characteristics of the areca nut. In comparison to the conventional method, this technique demonstrates a superior capability in annotating unknown compounds present in areca nut. We annotated a total of 52 compounds, including one potential previously unreported alkaloid, one carbohydrate, and one phenol and confirmed the presence of 7 of them by comparing with commercial standards. The validated method was used to evaluate chemical features of areca nut at different growth stages, annotating 25 compounds as potential biomarkers for distinguishing areca nut growth stages. Therefore, this approach offers a rapid and accurate method for the component analysis of areca nut.</p>","PeriodicalId":19065,"journal":{"name":"Molecular omics","volume":" 3","pages":" 192-202"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138825442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The RNA cargo of Myxococcus outer membrane vesicles†","authors":"Martin T. Swain, Emily J. Radford, Allison S. Akanyeti, James H. Hallwood and David E. Whitworth","doi":"10.1039/D3MO00222E","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3MO00222E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) secreted by some Gram-negative bacteria contain RNA cargo, which can be introduced into target cells, affecting their cellular processes. To test whether the antimicrobial OMVs secreted by predatory myxobacteria might contain cargo RNA with a role in prey killing, we purified OMVs and cells from four different strains of <em>Myxococcus</em> spp. for RNA-seq transcriptome sequencing. Myxobacterial OMVs contained distinct sets of RNA molecules. The abundance of major cellular transcripts correlated strongly with their abundance in OMVs, suggesting non-specific packaging into OMVs. However, many major cellular transcripts were absent entirely from OMVs and some transcripts were found exclusively in OMVs, suggesting OMV RNA cargo loading is not simply a consequence of sampling the cellular transcriptome. Despite considerable variation in OMV RNA cargo between biological replicates, a small number of transcripts were found consistently in replicate OMV preparations. These ‘core’ OMV transcripts were often found in the OMVs from multiple strains, and sometimes enriched relative to their abundance in cellular transcriptomes. In addition to providing the first transcriptomes for myxobacterial OMVs, and the first cellular transcriptomes for three strains of <em>Myxococcus</em> spp., we highlight five transcripts for further study. These transcripts are ‘core’ for at least two of the three strains of <em>M. xanthus</em> studied, and encode two alkyl hydroperoxidase proteins (AhpC and AhpD), two ribosome-associated inhibitors (RaiA-like) and a DO-family protease. It will be interesting to test whether the transcripts serve a biological function within OMVs, potentially being transported into prey cells for translation into toxic proteins.</p>","PeriodicalId":19065,"journal":{"name":"Molecular omics","volume":" 2","pages":" 138-145"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/mo/d3mo00222e?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138506937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complementarity of two proteomic data analysis tools in the identification of drug-metabolising enzymes and transporters in human liver†","authors":"Areti-Maria Vasilogianni, Sarah Alrubia, Eman El-Khateeb, Zubida M. Al-Majdoub, Narciso Couto, Brahim Achour, Amin Rostami-Hodjegan and Jill Barber","doi":"10.1039/D3MO00144J","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3MO00144J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Several software packages are available for the analysis of proteomic LC-MS/MS data, including commercial (<em>e.g.</em> Mascot/Progenesis LC-MS) and open access software (<em>e.g.</em> MaxQuant). In this study, Progenesis and MaxQuant were used to analyse the same data set from human liver microsomes (<em>n</em> = 23). Comparison focussed on the total number of peptides and proteins identified by the two packages. For the peptides exclusively identified by each software package, distribution of peptide length, hydrophobicity, molecular weight, isoelectric point and score were compared. Using standard cut-off peptide scores, we found an average of only 65% overlap in detected peptides, with surprisingly little consistency in the characteristics of peptides exclusively detected by each package. Generally, MaxQuant detected more peptides than Progenesis, and the additional peptides were longer and had relatively lower scores. Progenesis-specific peptides tended to be more hydrophilic and basic relative to peptides detected only by MaxQuant. At the protein level, we focussed on drug-metabolising enzymes (DMEs) and transporters, by comparing the number of unique peptides detected by the two packages for these specific proteins of interest, and their abundance. The abundance of DMEs and SLC transporters showed good correlation between the two software tools, but ABC showed less consistency. In conclusion, in order to maximise the use of MS datasets, we recommend processing with more than one software package. Together, Progenesis and MaxQuant provided excellent coverage, with a core of common peptides identified in a very robust way.</p>","PeriodicalId":19065,"journal":{"name":"Molecular omics","volume":" 2","pages":" 115-127"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/mo/d3mo00144j?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135659648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}