Nature Materials最新文献_第3页

High-κ monocrystalline dielectrics for low-power two-dimensional electronics 用于低功率二维电子器件的高κ单晶电介质

IF 41.2 1区材料科学

Nature Materials Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-02043-3

Lei Yin, Ruiqing Cheng, Xuhao Wan, Jiahui Ding, Jun Jia, Yao Wen, Xiaoze Liu, Yuzheng Guo, Jun He

{"title":"High-κ monocrystalline dielectrics for low-power two-dimensional electronics","authors":"Lei Yin, Ruiqing Cheng, Xuhao Wan, Jiahui Ding, Jun Jia, Yao Wen, Xiaoze Liu, Yuzheng Guo, Jun He","doi":"10.1038/s41563-024-02043-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-024-02043-3","url":null,"abstract":"The downscaling of complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technology has produced breakthroughs in electronics, but more extreme scaling has hit a wall of device performance degradation. One key challenge is the development of insulators with high dielectric constant, wide bandgap and high tunnel masses. Here, we show that two-dimensional monocrystalline gadolinium pentoxide, which is devised through combining particle swarm optimization algorithm and theoretical calculations and synthesized via van der Waals epitaxy, could exhibit a high dielectric constant of ~25.5 and a wide bandgap simultaneously. A desirable equivalent oxide thickness down to 1 nm with an ultralow leakage current of ~10−4 A cm−2 even at 5 MV cm−1 is achieved. The molybdenum disulfide transistors gated by gadolinium pentoxide exhibit high on/off ratios over 108 and near-Boltzmann-limit subthreshold swing at an operation voltage of 0.5 V. We also constructed inverter circuits with high gain and nanowatt power consumption. This reliable approach to integrating ultrathin monocrystalline insulators paves the way to future nanoelectronics.","PeriodicalId":19058,"journal":{"name":"Nature Materials","volume":"144 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":41.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142588665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Human immune organoids to decode B cell response in healthy donors and patients with lymphoma 解码健康供体和淋巴瘤患者 B 细胞反应的人体免疫器官组织

IF 41.2 1区材料科学

Nature Materials Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-02037-1

Zhe Zhong, Manuel Quiñones-Pérez, Zhonghao Dai, Valeria M. Juarez, Eshant Bhatia, Christopher R. Carlson, Shivem B. Shah, Anjali Patel, Zhou Fang, Thomas Hu, Mayar Allam, Sakeenah L. Hicks, Mansi Gupta, Sneh Lata Gupta, Ethan Weeks, Stephanie D. Vagelos, Alejandro Molina, Adriana Mulero-Russe, Ana Mora-Boza, Devyani J. Joshi, Rafick P. Sekaly, Todd Sulchek, Steven L. Goudy, Jens Wrammert, Krishnendu Roy, Jeremy M. Boss, Ahmet F. Coskun, Christopher D. Scharer, Andrés J. García, Jean L. Koff, Ankur Singh

{"title":"Human immune organoids to decode B cell response in healthy donors and patients with lymphoma","authors":"Zhe Zhong, Manuel Quiñones-Pérez, Zhonghao Dai, Valeria M. Juarez, Eshant Bhatia, Christopher R. Carlson, Shivem B. Shah, Anjali Patel, Zhou Fang, Thomas Hu, Mayar Allam, Sakeenah L. Hicks, Mansi Gupta, Sneh Lata Gupta, Ethan Weeks, Stephanie D. Vagelos, Alejandro Molina, Adriana Mulero-Russe, Ana Mora-Boza, Devyani J. Joshi, Rafick P. Sekaly, Todd Sulchek, Steven L. Goudy, Jens Wrammert, Krishnendu Roy, Jeremy M. Boss, Ahmet F. Coskun, Christopher D. Scharer, Andrés J. García, Jean L. Koff, Ankur Singh","doi":"10.1038/s41563-024-02037-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-024-02037-1","url":null,"abstract":"Antibodies are produced when naive B cells differentiate into plasma cells within germinal centres (GCs) of lymphoid tissues. Patients with B cell lymphoma on effective immunotherapies exhibit diminished antibody production, leading to higher infection rates and reduced vaccine efficacy, even after B cell recovery. Current ex vivo models fail to sustain long-term GC reactions and effectively test B cell responses. Here we developed synthetic hydrogels mimicking the lymphoid tissue microenvironment, enabling human GCs from tonsils and peripheral blood mononuclear cell-derived B cells. Immune organoids derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells maintain GC B cells and plasma cells longer than tonsil-derived ones and exhibit unique B cell programming, including GC compartments, somatic hypermutation, immunoglobulin class switching and B cell clones. Chemical inhibition of transcriptional and epigenetic processes enhances plasma cell formation. While integrating polarized CXCL12 protein in a lymphoid organ-on-chip modulates GC responses in healthy donor B cells, it fails with B cells derived from patients with lymphoma. Our system allows rapid, controlled modelling of immune responses and B cell disorders.","PeriodicalId":19058,"journal":{"name":"Nature Materials","volume":"127 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":41.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142588558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cell tumbling enhances stem cell differentiation in hydrogels via nuclear mechanotransduction 细胞翻滚通过核机械传导促进干细胞在水凝胶中的分化

IF 41.2 1区材料科学

Nature Materials Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-02038-0

Manish Ayushman, Georgios Mikos, Xinming Tong, Sauradeep Sinha, Eunice Lopez-Fuentes, Sarah Jones, Pamela C. Cai, Hung-Pang Lee, Ashby J. Morrison, Andrew Spakowitz, Sarah C. Heilshorn, Alejandro Sweet-Cordero, Fan Yang

{"title":"Cell tumbling enhances stem cell differentiation in hydrogels via nuclear mechanotransduction","authors":"Manish Ayushman, Georgios Mikos, Xinming Tong, Sauradeep Sinha, Eunice Lopez-Fuentes, Sarah Jones, Pamela C. Cai, Hung-Pang Lee, Ashby J. Morrison, Andrew Spakowitz, Sarah C. Heilshorn, Alejandro Sweet-Cordero, Fan Yang","doi":"10.1038/s41563-024-02038-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-024-02038-0","url":null,"abstract":"Cells can deform their local niche in three dimensions via whole-cell movements such as spreading, migration or volume expansion. These behaviours, occurring over hours to days, influence long-term cell fates including differentiation. Here we report a whole-cell movement that occurs in sliding hydrogels at the minutes timescale, termed cell tumbling, characterized by three-dimensional cell dynamics and hydrogel deformation elicited by heightened seconds-to-minutes-scale cytoskeletal and nuclear activity. Studies inhibiting or promoting the cell tumbling of mesenchymal stem cells show that this behaviour enhances differentiation into chondrocytes. Further, it is associated with a decrease in global chromatin accessibility, which is required for enhanced differentiation. Cell tumbling also occurs during differentiation into other lineages and its differentiation-enhancing effects are validated in various hydrogel platforms. Our results establish that cell tumbling is an additional regulator of stem cell differentiation, mediated by rapid niche deformation and nuclear mechanotransduction.","PeriodicalId":19058,"journal":{"name":"Nature Materials","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":41.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Author Correction: Pentagonal two-dimensional lattices 作者更正：五边形二维网格

IF 41.2 1区材料科学

Nature Materials Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-02045-1

Thomas Heine

引用次数: 0

Direct laser 3D nanowriting of metals and their alloys 金属及其合金的直接激光三维纳米刻写

IF 37.2 1区材料科学

Nature Materials Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-02031-7

Alain Reiser

引用次数: 0

Extracellular vesicle gatekeepers for tumours 细胞外囊泡为肿瘤把关

IF 37.2 1区材料科学

Nature Materials Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-02049-x

Joy Wolfram

引用次数: 0

Demonstration of efficient Thomson cooler by electronic phase transition 通过电子相变演示高效汤姆逊冷却器

IF 41.2 1区材料科学

Nature Materials Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-02039-z

Zhiwei Chen, Xinyue Zhang, Shuxian Zhang, Jun Luo, Yanzhong Pei

{"title":"Demonstration of efficient Thomson cooler by electronic phase transition","authors":"Zhiwei Chen, Xinyue Zhang, Shuxian Zhang, Jun Luo, Yanzhong Pei","doi":"10.1038/s41563-024-02039-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-024-02039-z","url":null,"abstract":"In the 1850s, Lord Kelvin predicted the existence of a thermoelectric cooling effect inside a whole material (the Thomson effect) according to thermodynamics1, in addition to the Peltier effect that enables cooling at the junction between dissimilar materials. However, the Thomson effect is usually negligible (ΔT/T < 2%) in conventional thermoelectric materials because the entropy change in charge carriers is fairly small2, leading to the guiding principles for advancing thermoelectric cooling to be based on the framework of the Peltier effect and that the figure of merit ZT should be maximized to optimize performance. Here, we demonstrate a Thomson-effect-enhanced thermoelectric cooler using a large Thomson coefficient (τ) induced by the direct manipulation of charge entropy through an electronic phase transition in YbInCu4. The devices achieve a steady temperature span (ΔT) of >5 K from T = 38 K. Our findings suggest not only another approach to advance thermoelectric coolers in addition to improving ZT but also technologically opens opportunities for solid-state cryogenic cooling applications.","PeriodicalId":19058,"journal":{"name":"Nature Materials","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":41.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142520197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ions shaping the mechanics of chromosomes in mitosis 离子在有丝分裂过程中塑造染色体的机械结构

IF 37.2 1区材料科学

Nature Materials Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-02030-8

Wenmao Huang, Zongqing Lim, Jie Yan

引用次数: 0

Sensing the force in living embryos 感知活胚胎中的力量

IF 37.2 1区材料科学

Nature Materials Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-02033-5

Kristian Franze

引用次数: 0

Ultraflat hexagonal boron nitride for high-κ dielectric integration 用于高κ介电集成的超扁平六方氮化硼