Nature Sustainability最新文献_第10页

National-level evaluation of a community-based marine management initiative 国家一级对以社区为基础的海洋管理举措的评价

IF 27.6 1区环境科学与生态学

Nature Sustainability Pub Date : 2023-05-15 DOI: 10.1038/s41893-023-01123-7

Tanya O’Garra, Sangeeta Mangubhai, Arundhati Jagadish, Margaret Tabunakawai-Vakalalabure, Alifereti Tawake, Hugh Govan, Morena Mills

{"title":"National-level evaluation of a community-based marine management initiative","authors":"Tanya O’Garra, Sangeeta Mangubhai, Arundhati Jagadish, Margaret Tabunakawai-Vakalalabure, Alifereti Tawake, Hugh Govan, Morena Mills","doi":"10.1038/s41893-023-01123-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41893-023-01123-7","url":null,"abstract":"Community-based approaches to conservation and natural resource management are considered essential to meeting global conservation targets. Despite widespread adoption, there is little understanding about successful and unsuccessful community-based practices because of the challenges of designing robust evaluations to estimate impacts and analyse the underlying mechanisms to impact. Here we present findings from a national scale evaluation of the ‘locally managed marine areas’ network in Fiji, a marine community-based management initiative. Using data from 146 villages selected using matching methods, we show that engagement in the Fijian locally managed marine areas network leads to improvements in all mechanisms hypothesized to generate conservation outcomes (participation, knowledge, management and financial support). Yet these mechanisms translate to few social outcomes and have no effect on the perceived ecological health of a village’s fishing grounds. Our findings show that practitioners may need to carefully evaluate and adapt the mechanisms that they expect will generate impact from community-based projects to improve outcomes for people and the rest of nature. Understanding how community-based initiatives work is crucial for effective environmental management, but causal evaluations of these efforts are rare. This study presents a national-scale evaluation of a locally managed network of marine areas in Fiji and examines whether the expected mechanisms deliver conservation outcomes.","PeriodicalId":19056,"journal":{"name":"Nature Sustainability","volume":"6 8","pages":"908-918"},"PeriodicalIF":27.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41647191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Evaluating the impacts and mechanisms of locally managed marine areas 评估地方管理海域的影响和机制

IF 27.6 1区环境科学与生态学

Nature Sustainability Pub Date : 2023-05-15 DOI: 10.1038/s41893-023-01129-1

引用次数: 0

Shaping a resilient future in response to COVID-19 为应对新冠肺炎而塑造富有弹性的未来

IF 27.6 1区环境科学与生态学

Nature Sustainability Pub Date : 2023-05-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41893-023-01105-9

Johan Rockström, Albert V. Norström, Nathanial Matthews, Reinette (Oonsie) Biggs, Carl Folke, Ameil Harikishun, Saleemul Huq, Nisha Krishnan, Lila Warszawski, Deon Nel

{"title":"Shaping a resilient future in response to COVID-19","authors":"Johan Rockström, Albert V. Norström, Nathanial Matthews, Reinette (Oonsie) Biggs, Carl Folke, Ameil Harikishun, Saleemul Huq, Nisha Krishnan, Lila Warszawski, Deon Nel","doi":"10.1038/s41893-023-01105-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41893-023-01105-9","url":null,"abstract":"Science today defines resilience as the capacity to live and develop with change and uncertainty, which is well beyond just the ability to ‘bounce back’ to the status quo. It involves the capacity to absorb shocks, avoid tipping points, navigate surprise and keep options alive, and the ability to innovate and transform in the face of crises and traps. Five attributes underlie this capacity: diversity, redundancy, connectivity, inclusivity and equity, and adaptive learning. There is a mismatch between the talk of resilience recovery after COVID-19 and the latest science, which calls for major efforts to align resilience thinking with sustainable development action. The concept of resilience, once meaning the ability to ‘bounce back’ to the status quo, now refers to the capacity to live and develop with change. A mismatch between the latest science of resilience and the talk of resilience recovery after COVID-19 requires resilience thinking to be aligned with sustainable development.","PeriodicalId":19056,"journal":{"name":"Nature Sustainability","volume":"6 8","pages":"897-907"},"PeriodicalIF":27.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-023-01105-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41987372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Global declines of offshore gas flaring inadequate to meet the 2030 goal 全球海上天然气燃除量的下降不足以实现2030年的目标

IF 27.6 1区环境科学与生态学

Nature Sustainability Pub Date : 2023-05-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41893-023-01125-5

Yongxue Liu, Yuling Pu, Xueying Hu, Yanzhu Dong, Wei Wu, Chuanmin Hu, Yuzhong Zhang, Songhan Wang

{"title":"Global declines of offshore gas flaring inadequate to meet the 2030 goal","authors":"Yongxue Liu, Yuling Pu, Xueying Hu, Yanzhu Dong, Wei Wu, Chuanmin Hu, Yuzhong Zhang, Songhan Wang","doi":"10.1038/s41893-023-01125-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41893-023-01125-5","url":null,"abstract":"Monitoring of gas flaring (GF)—the burning of natural gas associated with oil extraction—over most oil- and gas-producing areas is challenging due to high costs or difficult field investigations. As GF contributes to both global warming and air pollution, an up-to-date picture (locations, emissions and trends) of global offshore GF can help countries’ energy decarbonization efforts substantially. Although high-resolution satellite sensors regularly capture high-temperature signals from GF, retrieving spatially explicit information and estimating GF volumes from petabyte images remain challenging. Here we developed a monitoring framework and compiled a 20 m resolution inventory of offshore GF sites by analysing ~8.53 million Sentinel-2 images. A robust model (R2 > 0.99) was established to estimate offshore GF volumes from Sentinel-2 metrics. Our findings reveal that Sentinel-2 can pinpoint global offshore GFs to support scientifically sound decision-making; a vital few (~20%) sites are responsible for >80% of offshore GF volumes, calling for more targeted regulations; and the offshore GF volumes have declined by 26.4% from 2016 to 2021. We conclude that the Zero Routine Flaring Initiative by the Global Gas Flaring Reduction Partnership committing governments and oil companies to end routine flaring by no later than 2030 could be 5 years behind schedule. Monitoring of gas flaring (GF) can be expensive and practically difficult, but better information about global offshore GF is needed to inform decarbonization policies. This study presents a monitoring framework, a detailed inventory of offshore GF sites and estimates of GF volumes globally.","PeriodicalId":19056,"journal":{"name":"Nature Sustainability","volume":"6 9","pages":"1095-1102"},"PeriodicalIF":27.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-023-01125-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47634904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Preventing lead leakage in perovskite solar cells with a sustainable titanium dioxide sponge 用可持续的二氧化钛海绵防止钙钛矿太阳能电池中的铅泄漏

IF 27.6 1区环境科学与生态学

Nature Sustainability Pub Date : 2023-05-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41893-023-01120-w

Salvatore Valastro, Emanuele Smecca, Giovanni Mannino, Corrado Bongiorno, Giuseppe Fisicaro, Stefan Goedecker, Valentina Arena, Carlo Spampinato, Ioannis Deretzis, Sandro Dattilo, Andrea Scamporrino, Sabrina Carroccio, Enza Fazio, Fortunato Neri, Francesco Bisconti, Aurora Rizzo, Corrado Spinella, Antonino La Magna, Alessandra Alberti

{"title":"Preventing lead leakage in perovskite solar cells with a sustainable titanium dioxide sponge","authors":"Salvatore Valastro, Emanuele Smecca, Giovanni Mannino, Corrado Bongiorno, Giuseppe Fisicaro, Stefan Goedecker, Valentina Arena, Carlo Spampinato, Ioannis Deretzis, Sandro Dattilo, Andrea Scamporrino, Sabrina Carroccio, Enza Fazio, Fortunato Neri, Francesco Bisconti, Aurora Rizzo, Corrado Spinella, Antonino La Magna, Alessandra Alberti","doi":"10.1038/s41893-023-01120-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41893-023-01120-w","url":null,"abstract":"As the market uptake of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is projected to grow rapidly, this clean energy technology will play an increasingly important role in reducing the global carbon footprint. However, one of the major barriers to its full commercialization is the presence of toxic lead (Pb), which enables the current record in photoconversion efficiency but risks being released into the environment when subjected to water or rain. Here we show that Pb leakage can be prevented by applying a transparent titanium dioxide (TiO2) sponge that allows for an efficient Pb sequestration of 58 ng cm−2 nm−1. Already an essential material for PSCs, the additional use of TiO2 through a scalable and solvent-free sputtering process promises extra cost benefits and higher sustainability. Further demonstration of the sponge application with desired thickness on ready-to-use devices, glass and polymeric foils enforces the practical value of the current approach. Our study provides a sustainable solution to one of the environmental and health risks of PSCs and would accelerate their practical applications. The presence of toxic lead enables high photoconversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells but poses environmental and human health concerns. Here the authors address the issues by introducing a cost-effective TiO2 absorption layer through a scalable process.","PeriodicalId":19056,"journal":{"name":"Nature Sustainability","volume":"6 8","pages":"974-983"},"PeriodicalIF":27.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45277079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Likely decline in the number of farms globally by the middle of the century 到本世纪中叶，全球农场数量可能会减少

IF 27.6 1区环境科学与生态学

Nature Sustainability Pub Date : 2023-05-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41893-023-01110-y

Zia Mehrabi

{"title":"Likely decline in the number of farms globally by the middle of the century","authors":"Zia Mehrabi","doi":"10.1038/s41893-023-01110-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41893-023-01110-y","url":null,"abstract":"Farm number and size are deemed important for a variety of social and environmental outcomes, including yields, input use efficiencies, biodiversity, crop diversity, climate change and concentration of power in food systems. Using a model incorporating theoretical drivers of the creation and consolidation of farms within countries, I historically reconstruct the number of farms on Earth over 1969–2013 and predict their future evolution. I show that under current development trajectories, the number of farms globally will probably decline from the current 616 million (95% CI: 495–779 million) in 2020 to 272 million (95% CI: 200–377 million) by the end of the twenty-first century, with average farm size doubling. In some regions, such as Europe and North America, we will see a continued decline from recent history, whereas in other regions, including Asia, Middle East and North Africa, Oceania, and Latin America and the Caribbean, we will see a turning point from farm creation to widespread consolidation. The turning point also occurs for sub-Saharan Africa, but much later in the century. This world in which significantly fewer large farms replace numerous smaller ones carries major rewards and risks for the human species and the food systems that support it. By reconstructing the number of farms on Earth over 1969–2013, this study shows that under current development trajectories, the number of farms globally will probably halve by the end of the twenty-first century, with a doubling of the average farm size.","PeriodicalId":19056,"journal":{"name":"Nature Sustainability","volume":"6 8","pages":"949-954"},"PeriodicalIF":27.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48680438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Unevenly distributed biological invasion costs among origin and recipient regions 生物入侵成本在来源国和接受国之间分布不均

IF 27.6 1区环境科学与生态学

Nature Sustainability Pub Date : 2023-05-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41893-023-01124-6

Emma J. Hudgins, Ross N. Cuthbert, Phillip J. Haubrock, Nigel G. Taylor, Melina Kourantidou, Dat Nguyen, Alok Bang, Anna J. Turbelin, Desika Moodley, Elizabeta Briski, Syrmalenia G. Kotronaki, Franck Courchamp

{"title":"Unevenly distributed biological invasion costs among origin and recipient regions","authors":"Emma J. Hudgins, Ross N. Cuthbert, Phillip J. Haubrock, Nigel G. Taylor, Melina Kourantidou, Dat Nguyen, Alok Bang, Anna J. Turbelin, Desika Moodley, Elizabeta Briski, Syrmalenia G. Kotronaki, Franck Courchamp","doi":"10.1038/s41893-023-01124-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41893-023-01124-6","url":null,"abstract":"Globalization challenges sustainability by intensifying the ecological and economic impacts of biological invasions. These impacts may be unevenly distributed worldwide, with costs disproportionately incurred by a few regions. We identify economic cost distributions of invasions among origin and recipient countries and continents, and determine socio-economic and biodiversity-related predictors of cost dynamics. Using data filtered from the InvaCost database, which inevitably includes geographic biases in cost reporting, we found that recorded costly invasive alien species have originated from almost all regions, most frequently causing impacts to Europe. In terms of cost magnitude, reported monetary costs predominantly resulted from species with origins in Asia impacting North America. High reported cost linkages (flows) between species’ native countries and their invaded countries were related to proxies of shared environments and shared trade history. This pattern can be partly attributed to the legacy of colonial expansion and trade patterns. The characterization of ‘sender’ and ‘receiver’ regions of invasive alien species and their associated cost can contribute to more sustainable economies and societies while protecting biodiversity by informing biosecurity planning and the prioritization of control efforts across invasion routes. The impacts of biological invasions may be unevenly distributed globally, with a few regions bearing most of the cost. This study identifies cost distributions of invasions among origin and recipient countries and continents, and determines socio-economic and environmental predictors of cost dynamics.","PeriodicalId":19056,"journal":{"name":"Nature Sustainability","volume":"6 9","pages":"1113-1124"},"PeriodicalIF":27.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-023-01124-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48400603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Sustainable polymer coating for stainproof fabrics 可持续聚合物涂层，用于耐染色织物

IF 27.6 1区环境科学与生态学

Nature Sustainability Pub Date : 2023-05-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41893-023-01121-9

Chengyu Fu, Zhengge Wang, Yingtao Gao, Jian Zhao, Yongchun Liu, Xingyu Zhou, Rongrong Qin, Yanyun Pang, Bowen Hu, Yingying Zhang, Songpei Nan, Jinrui Zhang, Xu Zhang, Peng Yang

{"title":"Sustainable polymer coating for stainproof fabrics","authors":"Chengyu Fu, Zhengge Wang, Yingtao Gao, Jian Zhao, Yongchun Liu, Xingyu Zhou, Rongrong Qin, Yanyun Pang, Bowen Hu, Yingying Zhang, Songpei Nan, Jinrui Zhang, Xu Zhang, Peng Yang","doi":"10.1038/s41893-023-01121-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41893-023-01121-9","url":null,"abstract":"The excessive use of synthetic detergents in laundry operations is an important source of environmental pollution. As a result, sustainability-driven innovations are receiving increasing attention to enable eco-friendly textiles characterized by properties that allow for minimized consumption of detergents. Here we propose a coating-at-will (CAW) strategy to create an extra layer on top of a textile fabric to introduce stain resistance. The coated layer is based on conjugated polymers from lysozyme (Lyz) and zwitterionic poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) (pSBMA), which, once exposed to the fabric, form a robust nanofilm on the surface. Remarkably, this hydrophilic layer exhibits excellent underwater superoleophobicity, and the coated fabrics can be cleaned simply with water without detergents. Optically transparent and biocompatible, this polymer nanofilm does not compromise the clothing comfort of the fabric and reduces the carbon footprint by more than 50% compared with detergents, according to a life cycle analysis. Moreover, our CAW strategy can be applied to the surfaces of various materials, including metals, glasses, plastics and ceramics, suggesting a versatile solution to the environmental risks posed by cleaning products. Laundry detergents usually contain chemicals that are problematic to the environment. The authors introduce a polymer nanofilm that renders fabrics and many more materials stain resistant and detergent free.","PeriodicalId":19056,"journal":{"name":"Nature Sustainability","volume":"6 8","pages":"984-994"},"PeriodicalIF":27.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47707655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Political strategies for climate and environmental solutions 气候和环境解决方案的政治战略

IF 27.6 1区环境科学与生态学

Nature Sustainability Pub Date : 2023-05-04 DOI: 10.1038/s41893-023-01109-5

Jonas Meckling, Valerie J. Karplus

引用次数: 0

Depolymerization of polyesters by a binuclear catalyst for plastic recycling 塑料回收用双核催化剂解聚聚酯

IF 27.6 1区环境科学与生态学

Nature Sustainability Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1038/s41893-023-01118-4

Shengbo Zhang, Qikun Hu, Yu-Xiao Zhang, Haoyue Guo, Yanfen Wu, Mingze Sun, Xingsong Zhu, Jiangang Zhang, Shuyan Gong, Ping Liu, Zhiqiang Niu

{"title":"Depolymerization of polyesters by a binuclear catalyst for plastic recycling","authors":"Shengbo Zhang, Qikun Hu, Yu-Xiao Zhang, Haoyue Guo, Yanfen Wu, Mingze Sun, Xingsong Zhu, Jiangang Zhang, Shuyan Gong, Ping Liu, Zhiqiang Niu","doi":"10.1038/s41893-023-01118-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41893-023-01118-4","url":null,"abstract":"Plastics play an essential role in modern society; however, the relentless growth of their production is threatening both human health and ecosystems. As a result, there are intensive efforts in developing recycling technologies to repurpose waste plastics into the building blocks for valuable materials. Here we show a binuclear complex that can catalyse the degradation of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)—the most widely used polyester globally—and a wide spectrum of other plastics including polylactic acid, polybutylene adipate terephthalate, polycaprolactone, polyurethane and Nylon 66. Inspired by hydrolases, the group of enzymes that catalyse bond cleavages with water, the present catalyst design features biomimetic Zn‒Zn sites that activate the plastic, stabilize the key intermediate and enable intramolecular hydrolysis. This synthetic catalyst delivers an activity of 36 mgPET d−1 gcatal−1 toward PET depolymerization at pH 8 and 40 °C and an activity of 577 gPET d−1 gcatal−1 at pH 13 and 90 °C for scalable PET recycling. We further demonstrate a closed-loop production of bottle-grade PET. This work presents a practical and viable solution for the sustainable management of plastics waste. Plastic pollution forms a major global challenge to the ecosystem. Here the authors show a binuclear catalyst that could degrade various polyesters in an effective and scalable way, providing a promising technological solution to the challenge.","PeriodicalId":19056,"journal":{"name":"Nature Sustainability","volume":"6 8","pages":"965-973"},"PeriodicalIF":27.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46051205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7