Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine最新文献

{"title":"Constructing a blood contact material surface with selective adhesion of multiple cells using TiO2 photocatalytic oxidation of polydopamine","authors":"Luying Liu PhD ,&nbsp;Peng Ye ME ,&nbsp;Jingmei Pan PhD ,&nbsp;Zhongyu Zhang PhD ,&nbsp;Ziqi Zhou BE ,&nbsp;Sheng Dai PhD ,&nbsp;Yue Luo MD ,&nbsp;Ping Yang PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.nano.2025.102815","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nano.2025.102815","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effective measure to promoting endothelial repair is to construct a surface similar to that of normal vascular on blood contact materials. The construction of cell culture platform regulating platelets, endothelial cells (ECs) and Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) may provide more help to promote endothelial repair. In this work, a novel versatile cell research platform UV-P-PDA@TiO₂ was constructed by magnetron sputtering and photoetching. The surface of UV-P-PDA@TiO₂ was evaluated by materials science methods such as FTIR, Raman, Micro BCA and WCA, and cell culture was performed on the surface. These results indicated that UV-P-PDA@TiO₂ platform regulated the cellular behavior of platelets, ECs, and SMCs, achieved selective adhesion, and exhibited orientation. The advantage of histocompatibility was demonstrated by <em>in vivo</em> tests that UV-P-PDA@TiO₂ had pattern stability and inhibited tissue proliferation. Conceivably, the regulating the multicellular UV-P-PDA @ TiO₂ culture platform may provide a versatile surface engineering strategy for biomaterials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19050,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 102815"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temozolomide-loaded bacterial magnetosomes improve targeted therapy for brain tumors","authors":"Amna Nisar Pharm-D ,&nbsp;Shumaila Rauf Ph.D ,&nbsp;Fazle Rabbi Ph.D ,&nbsp;Laiba Ahmad Bachelor of Medicine (MBBS) ,&nbsp;Abdur Rauf Ph.D ,&nbsp;Abdulrahman Alshammari Ph.D ,&nbsp;Norah A. Albekairi Ph.D ,&nbsp;Thamer H. Albekairi Ph.D ,&nbsp;Marcello Iriti Ph.D","doi":"10.1016/j.nano.2025.102814","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nano.2025.102814","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Novel active-targeting nano-therapeutic, Temozolomide-loaded magnetosomes conjugate has been developed to address the challenges of high metastatic rates and recurrence of tumors due to tumor circulating cells. Temozolomide-loaded magnetosomes as drug conjugate were characterized through a scanning electron microscope, Zeta-sizer, and UV–visible spectroscopy. The anti-tumor activity was studied in vitro (Cell viability, Cell proliferation, and flow cytometry) <strong>and</strong> in vivo (Xenograft tumor model). The particle size of temozolomide-coated magnetosomes is larger than that of uncoated magnetosomes. The zeta potential decreased to −11.2 from −21.6 mV for Temozolomide- magnetosomes conjugates. The drug-coated magnetosomes can sustain drug release, reducing the frequency of administration and enhancing their therapeutic effect. The study found that Temozolomide-loaded magnetosomes conjugate showed enhanced tumor cytotoxicity and apoptosis than free Temozolomide or magnetosomes. In vivo, the treatment of mice with Temozolomide-loaded magnetosomes inhibited tumor growth to 405.25 mm³ and reduced tumor weight (0.60 g), with fewer juvenile cells and increased necrotic area. These results suggest Bacterial magnetosomes as an appropriate choice for cancer therapy since they may be superior drug carriers with increased therapeutic efficacy and no undesirable side effects to the brain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19050,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 102814"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypoxia-responsive theranostic nanoplatform with intensified chemo-photothermal/photodynamic ternary therapy and fluorescence tracing in colorectal cancer ablation","authors":"Yue Wu PhD,&nbsp;Yuhang Hu PhD,&nbsp;Boya Chen PhD,&nbsp;Luyin Liang PhD,&nbsp;Xiaonan Ma PhD,&nbsp;Ninghua Tan PhD,&nbsp;Yongrong Yao PhD,&nbsp;Huachao Chen PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.nano.2025.102816","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nano.2025.102816","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photothermal therapy (PTT) is an emerging cancer therapeutic modality displaying the great potential to clinical patients. However, the conventional PTT is suffering from restrictions of heat resistance of tumor cells (<em>e.g.</em> the overexpression of heat shock proteins, HSPs) and adverse effects to normal cells. To break the shackles, herein, a hypoxia-responsive theranostic nanoplatform (GA/BN LIP) was designed for achieving synergistic chemotherapy, photothermal therapy (PTT), and photodynamic therapy (PDT) through overcoming heat-shock response, while enabling fluorescence tracing. The GA/BN LIP consisted of a hypoxia-responsive liposomal material (DSPE-AZO-PEG) as the shell, surface-functionalized with cRGD peptides targeted binding to integrin α_Vβ₃ receptor expressed in tumors. The GA/BN LIP co-delivered gambogic acid (GA) as HSP90 inhibitor and hypoxia-responsive photosensitizer Bcy-NO₂. After GA/BN LIP entering tumor cells by integrin α_Vβ₃ receptor-mediated endocytosis, drugs were specifically released in response to hypoxic conditions due to lysis of liposomes. GA not only directly killed tumor cells to realize chemotherapy, but also sensitized tumor cells to PTT by downregulating HSP90 protein expression, meantime Bcy-NO₂ targeted mitochondria for combined PTT and PDT. Intriguingly, the reduction of Bcy-NO₂ by nitroreductase (NTR) resulted in the restoration of fluorescence, achieving real-time monitoring of the theranostic process in live cells. In conclusion, this theranostic system, designed to target the hypoxic tumor microenvironment, utilized a sensitization mechanism to enhance the synergistic effects of chemo/PTT/PDT therapy, resulting in improved antitumor efficacy in both <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19050,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 102816"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143772907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain peptides modified exosome-mediated drug delivery system for adriamycin-induced nephropathy treatment","authors":"Lishan Tan PhD. ,&nbsp;Huisong Zhou M.M. ,&nbsp;Zhiwei Lai M.M. ,&nbsp;Guang Yang PhD. ,&nbsp;Fengping Zheng PhD. ,&nbsp;Fei Xiao M.M. ,&nbsp;Zuying Xiong PhD. ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Huang PhD. ,&nbsp;Zibo Xiong M.M.","doi":"10.1016/j.nano.2025.102819","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nano.2025.102819","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mitigation of adriamycin (ADR)-induced nephropathy remains a significant challenge in clinical management. Brain-targeted administration of losartan demonstrates comparable nephroprotective effects at a 1:500 concentration relative to gavage administration. This study established an exosome-based nano-delivery platform (ExoACP) to reduce drug dosage for alleviating ADR-induced nephropathy. The platform was rigorously tested for toxicity and blood-brain barrier penetration. Additionally, the role and possible mechanism of ExoACP-Los in alleviating ADR-induced nephropathy in mice were investigated. ExoACP showed enhanced penetration in brain microvascular endothelial cells, with a 7.20-fold increase in uptake. In the ADR model, ExoACP-Los exhibited anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects by downregulating the renin-angiotensin system, reducing extracellular matrix deposition by nearly half. These findings suggest ExoACP-Los can alleviate ADR-induced nephropathy by enhancing targeted drug delivery to the brain while reducing losartan. Overall, ExoACP holds significant potential for future clinical applications in chronic nephropathy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19050,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 102819"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143772900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanogels conjugated with cell-penetrating peptide as drug delivery vehicle for treating urinary tract infections","authors":"Humberto D. Escobedo Ph.D ,&nbsp;Nicholas Zawadzki BS ,&nbsp;James K.A. Till Ph.D ,&nbsp;Andres Vazquez-Torres D.V.M., Ph.D ,&nbsp;Guankui Wang Ph.D ,&nbsp;Dmitri Simberg Ph.D ,&nbsp;David J. Orlicky Ph.D ,&nbsp;Joshua Johnson Ph.D ,&nbsp;Marsha K. Guess MD, MS ,&nbsp;Devatha P. Nair Ph.D ,&nbsp;Michael J. Schurr Ph.D","doi":"10.1016/j.nano.2025.102812","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nano.2025.102812","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Among hospital–acquired infections, <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa-</em>associated urinary tract infections (UTIs) are mainly caused by indwelling urethral catheters (catheter-associated UTIs or CAUTIs) and are difficult to treat, resulting in high rates of morbidity among hospitalized patients. While antibiotics can successfully treat bacteria in the bladder lumen, they are inefficient at crossing stratified urothelium plasma membranes to kill persistent intracellular bacterial communities (IBCs). Herein, we introduce an approach to target UTI IBCs by locally delivering the antibiotic gentamicin via polymeric nanogels conjugated with a cell-penetrating peptide Cys-Gly-Lys-Arg-Lys. This novel approach delivered ~36 % more intracellular gentamicin compared to drug delivered in solution in vitro. In an acute UTI murine model, the nanogel cell-penetrating peptide drug delivery system facilitated the transport of gentamicin into the urothelium and resulted in &gt;90 % clearance of a uropathogenic <em>P. aeruginosa</em> clinical strain in vivo.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19050,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 102812"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced rivastigmine delivery through nanoemulsion and pyridoxine supplementation: An in-vivo study on Alzheimer's disease intervention","authors":"Harekrishna Roy PhD ,&nbsp;Balaji Maddiboyina PhD ,&nbsp;Sisir Nandi PhD ,&nbsp;Swati Srungarapati PhD ,&nbsp;Bhabani Shankar Nayak PhD ,&nbsp;Nirmala Jyothi Gade M Pharm ,&nbsp;Tummala Lokeswari Naga Sai Anjana M Pharm ,&nbsp;Kammula Mounika Vinayasri M Pharm ,&nbsp;Asha Gummadi M Pharm ,&nbsp;Shaik Haseena M Pharm","doi":"10.1016/j.nano.2025.102810","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nano.2025.102810","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanoemulsions are nanostructured material and stabilized colloidal in nature evolved as a highly desirable mechanism for the delivery of drugs. Our objective of the study deals with a successful Rivastigmine (RSG) loaded nanoemulsion which can effectively progress the treatment of AD patients. We developed nanoemulsion containing RSG by combining pyridoxine, an essential vitamin supplement for central nervous system development, with linseed oil, which functioned as the lipophilic phase in the nanoemulsion formulation. The optimal formulation having globular size of 202.3 nm was further evaluated by various analytical techniques, including zeta potential analysis, ATR, DSC, and XRD study. The study utilized the Morris Water Maze (MWM) model to assess the cognitive abilities of Long-Evans rats. The current investigation establishes that the utilization of RSG nanoemulsion incorporating blend of linseed oil and pyridoxine which reduced travel distance in animal mode and can be successfully contribute to therapeutic advancements in patients with AD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19050,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 102810"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143526763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silver nanoparticles enhance neutron radiation sensitivity in cancer cells: An in vitro study","authors":"Evgenii V. Plotnikov Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Anastasia G. Drozd Master degree ,&nbsp;Anton A. Artamonov Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Maria S. Larkina Prof. Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Mikhail V. Belousov Prof. Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Ivan V. Lomov Ph.D. ,&nbsp;D. Garibo Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Alexey N. Pestryakov Prof. Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Nina Bogdanchikova Prof. Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nano.2025.102813","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nano.2025.102813","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Growing interest in cancer radiotherapy has led to the application of nanoparticles as radiosensitizers. Here, we, for the first time, present the results of the radiosensitizing properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) (possessing low toxicity towards human body) against cancer cells under neutron irradiation. Five standard cancer cultures (including glioblastoma, known for its resistance to conventional photon radiation) were used to evaluate the radiosensitizing properties of AgNPs suing MTT test, flow cytometry, and optical fluorescence microscopy. Neutron irradiation was applied in the absorbed dose of 0.5–1.5 Gy with an average neutron energy of 7.5 MeV. AgNPs increased the irradiation efficiency with the radiosensitivity enhancement ratios 1.02–2.32, for glioblastoma with ratios 1.22–1.47. It was revealed that at 1.5 Gy, AgNP-induced cytotoxicity made a significant contribution to the total observed radiosensitizer effect: on average, for five cell types, 29.8 and 96.2 % at the AgNP concentration of 0.2 and 1.6 μg/mL, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19050,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 102813"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasmall maghemite nanoparticles as MRI contrast agent: Unique combination of aggregation stability, low toxicity, and tumor visualization","authors":"Ekaterina O. Moiseeva MSc ,&nbsp;Vsevolod A. Skribitsky MSc ,&nbsp;Yulia A. Finogenova MD ,&nbsp;Sergei V. German PhD ,&nbsp;Kristina E. Shpakova MSc ,&nbsp;Igor S. Sergeev MSc ,&nbsp;Daria A. Terentyeva MSc ,&nbsp;Olga A. Sindeeva PhD ,&nbsp;Oleg A. Kulikov PhD ,&nbsp;Alexey A. Lipengolts PhD ,&nbsp;Elena Yu. Grigorieva DSc ,&nbsp;Dmitry A. Gorin DSc","doi":"10.1016/j.nano.2025.102811","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nano.2025.102811","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Iron oxide nanoparticles are a promising candidate for the dual-mode MRI contrast agent, however most of them have limited circulation time and predominant negative contrast. We developed citric acid stabilized superparamagnetic maghemite nanoparticles (CA-SPMNs) with size 3.2 ± 0.7 nm with intense positive contrast. Co-precipitation reactions under well-controlled conditions in the automatic chemical reactor have carried out the synthesis. We found an encouraging correlation between aggregate formation kinetics in biological media and <em>in vitro</em> cytotoxicity results and <em>in vivo</em> circulation time. A cytotoxicity test showed the mouse fibroblast viability over 80 % for iron doses exceeding 1 mg/mL. CA-SPMNs have a low r₂/r₁ ratio, exhibiting positive contrast. Using <em>in vivo</em> MRI we demonstrated that CA-SPMNs circulate in the blood for 12–24 h, enabling blood vessel and tumor visualization, and partial renal clearance. Finally, CA-SPMNs show promise as effective MRI contrast agents, enabling differentiation between normal and pathological tissues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19050,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 102811"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning-driven Raman spectroscopy: A novel approach to lipid profiling in diabetic kidney disease","authors":"Adrianna Kryska MSc ,&nbsp;Magdalena Sawic MSc ,&nbsp;Joanna Depciuch PhD ,&nbsp;Piotr Sosnowski PhD ,&nbsp;Klaudia Szałaj MSc ,&nbsp;Wiesław Paja PhD ,&nbsp;Maryna Khalavka PhD ,&nbsp;Anna Sroka-Bartnicka PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.nano.2025.102804","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nano.2025.102804","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease that increasingly affects people every year. It is known that with its progression and poor management, metabolic changes can lead to organ dysfunctions, including kidneys. The study aimed to combine Raman spectroscopy and biochemical lipid profiling, complemented by machine learning (ML) techniques to evaluate chemical composition changes in kidneys induced by Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Raman spectroscopy identified significant differences in lipid content and specific molecular vibrations, with the 1777 cm⁻¹ band emerging as a potential spectroscopic marker for diabetic kidney damage. The integration of ML algorithms improved the analysis, providing high accuracy, selectivity, and specificity in detecting these changes. Moreover, lipids metabolic profiling revealed distinct variations in the concentration of 11 phosphatydylocholines and 9 acyl-alkylphosphatidylcholines glycerophospholipids. Importantly, the correlation between Raman data and lipids metabolic profiling differed for control and T2DM groups. This study underscores the combined power of Raman spectroscopy and ML in offering a low-cost, fast, precise, and comprehensive approach to diagnosing and monitoring diabetic nephropathy, paving the way for improved clinical interventions. However, taking into account small number of data related to ethical committee approvals, the study should be verified on a larger number of cases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19050,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 102804"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143040414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving lipid nanoparticles delivery efficiency of macrophage cells by using immunomodulatory small molecules","authors":"Lirong Yi PhD ,&nbsp;Ziyan Zhang MSc ,&nbsp;Tian He MSc ,&nbsp;Yating Li MSc ,&nbsp;Weiwei Yao PhD ,&nbsp;Gangcai Xie PhD ,&nbsp;Wenqing Li PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.nano.2025.102809","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nano.2025.102809","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nucleic acid drug delivery remains a key challenge in the development of nucleic acid therapy. How to improve the efficiency of nucleic acid delivery is still an important strategy for Lipofectamine 3000 and LNP development. Here, we screened 248 inhibitors or agonists related to immune modulation and identified three small molecules (BP-1-102, SCH58261, and Bropirimine) that could enhance the transfection efficiency to 2-fold to 5-fold of Lipofectamine 3000 and LNP, all of which are currently approved for clinical use in the treatment of the most common malignant tumors. In addition, we used high-throughput RNA sequencing technology to analyze the mechanisms and found that they were mainly associated with the receptor-mediated endocytosis pathway. Our findings have yielded novel insights that can contribute to the advancement of nucleic acid drugs, enhancing both their efficacy and precision in targeting cancer therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19050,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 102809"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143190055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}