Molecules最新文献

{"title":"Enhanced Luminescence and Thermal Stability in High Gd³⁺/Eu³⁺ Co-Doped Ba₃Y₄O₉ Phosphors via Co-Precipitation Method.","authors":"Dong Zhu, Chunfeng Wang, Xiaohuai Wang, Shun Han, Yuxiang Zeng, Ming Fang, Wenjun Liu, Deliang Zhu, Peijiang Cao, Youming Lu","doi":"10.3390/molecules30051085","DOIUrl":"10.3390/molecules30051085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The co-precipitation method was successfully used to synthesize Ba₃(Y_0.6-xGd_0.4Eu_x)₄O₉ (0.01 ≤ x ≤ 0.09) phosphors with heavy Gd³⁺ doping, resulting in significantly enhanced thermal stability and luminescence performance. Structural analyses confirm that Gd³⁺ and Eu³⁺ ions substitute Y³⁺ in the lattice, causing lattice expansion and improving crystal asymmetry, which enhances Eu³⁺ emission. The incorporation of Gd³⁺ creates efficient energy transfer pathways to Eu³⁺ while suppressing non-radiative relaxation, leading to stable fluorescence lifetimes even at elevated temperatures. With a thermal activation energy of ~0.3051 eV, the Ba₃(Y_0.55Gd_0.4Eu_0.05)₄O₉ phosphor exhibits superior resistance to thermal quenching compared to Ba₃(Y_0.95Eu_0.05)₄O₉ and many conventional red phosphors. Furthermore, the reduced color temperature and stable emission spectra across a wide temperature range highlight its potential for advanced lighting and display technologies in high-temperature environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":19041,"journal":{"name":"Molecules","volume":"30 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11901592/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143616387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuous In-Situ Polymerization of Complex-Based Films for High-Performance Electrochromic Devices.","authors":"Yang-Bo Liu, Hao-Tian Deng, Li-Yi Zhang, Jing-Hao Wei, Feng-Rong Dai, Zhong-Ning Chen","doi":"10.3390/molecules30051099","DOIUrl":"10.3390/molecules30051099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Synthesis of uniform and stable electrochromic films on a conductive layer is one of the effective ways to construct high-performance electrochromic devices. The development of more convenient and feasible polymer film preparation technology is important and necessary. Herein, we demonstrated the development of a continuous in situ polymerization method to prepare electrochromic film on ITO glass through Schiff base condensation of a tetraamine Fe-based complex and organic di-/tri-aldehyde precursors. The electrochromic film was successfully coated on the surface of the ITO conductive layer and exhibited uniform morphology and excellent stability. Film <b>P1</b> exhibited two reversible redox processes allowing two steps of electrochromic processes, including the oxidation of Fe(II) to Fe(III) at 1.05 V and oxidation of triphenylamine moieties to cation radicals at 1.4 V, which induced three stable color states from initial yellow to orange red and blue. The utilization of the so-formed polymer film for the fabrication of electrochromic devices gave rise to excellent electrochromic performance of fast response time of 0.4-1.2 s and high coloration efficiencies of 241.5-352.9 cm²/C at 1.9 V (at 535 nm) and 2.5 V (at 755 nm). The present work provides a new feasible strategy for constructing polymer films for high-performance electrochromic devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":19041,"journal":{"name":"Molecules","volume":"30 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11902238/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143616316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Lithospermum erythrorhizon</i> and <i>Forsythia suspensa</i> Prevent Collagen Degradation and Maintain Skin Hydration by Regulating MMPs and HAS2/HYAL1 Signaling.","authors":"Xiangji Jin, Qiwen Zheng, Trang Thi Minh Nguyen, Se-Jig Park, Gyeong-Seon Yi, Su-Jin Yang, Tae-Hoo Yi","doi":"10.3390/molecules30051083","DOIUrl":"10.3390/molecules30051083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The growing demand for aesthetic enhancement has driven the development of anti-aging cosmetics, with natural compound-based formulations emerging as a new trend to enhance efficacy. This study aims to develop a 30% ethanol extract of a 1:1 mixture of <i>Lithospermum erythrorhizon</i> and <i>Forsythia suspensa</i> (LF) as a potential material for combating UVB-induced skin aging. The bioactive components of LF extract were identified via HPLC. Antioxidant efficacy (DPPH, ABTS, and SOD) and the inhibitory effects on ROS production in cells were evaluated using flow cytometry. MMPs' expressions were analyzed via RT-PCR, while TGF-β/Smad, ERK/AP-1, and HAS2/HYAL1 pathways were examined via ELISA and Western blot. Research findings indicate that LF effectively scavenges reactive oxygen species and enhances the activation of TGF-β signaling, promoting the synthesis of PIP (Procollagen Type I C-Peptide). Collagen degradation was mitigated through the inhibition of the AP-1 pathway, which regulates the expression of MMPs, and by suppressing the expression of TIMP. Additionally, modulation of the HAS2/HYAL1 signaling axis ensures a balanced regulation of hyaluronic acid (HA) synthesis and degradation, thereby contributing to the maintenance of collagen integrity and skin hydration. In conclusion, LF has exhibited significant protective effects against demonstrated anti-aging properties, highlighting its potential as a novel therapeutic agent in cosmetic formulations targeting aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":19041,"journal":{"name":"Molecules","volume":"30 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11901933/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143616104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Luminescent Proton Conductor Based on Dy₂ SMM.","authors":"Yingbing Lu, Yu Lei, Danpeng Cheng, Lu Long, Xiaoxuan He, Caiming Liu, Herui Wen, Suijun Liu, Shuidong Zhu","doi":"10.3390/molecules30051086","DOIUrl":"10.3390/molecules30051086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multifunctional materials bearing photoluminescence, single-molecule magnet (SMM) behavior, and proton conduction have been particularly attractive for various promising applications in optics, molecular spintronics, high-density data storage, and fuel cells. However, these kinds of multifunctional systems have rarely been reported. Herein, a Dy^III-SMM together with luminescent and proton-conducting properties, [Dy₂(1-tza)₄(phen)₄]∙(ClO₄)₂∙(H₂O)₂ (<b>1</b>, 1-tza = 2-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl)acetic, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline), was prepared and structurally characterized. Complex <b>1</b> features a dinuclear structure bridged by carboxylate oxygen atoms of the 1-tza^- ligands, and its supramolecular network contains a 1D stacking channel. Complex <b>1</b> exhibits strong room-temperature Dy^III characteristic emissions and SMM behaviors. In addition, complex <b>1</b> shows a moderate proton conductivity with 4.00 × 10^-6 S cm^-1 at 37 °C and 100% R.H. (R.H. = Relative Humidity), which may be ascribed to the 1D-extended H-bonds in the 1D stacking channel of <b>1</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":19041,"journal":{"name":"Molecules","volume":"30 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11901984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143616191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioconversion of Alpha-Cembratriene-4,6-diol into High-Value Compound Farnesal Through Employment of a Novel <i>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia</i> H3-1 Strain.","authors":"Shen Huang, Jiaming Cheng, Huibo Hu, Aamir Rasool, Robina Manzoor, Duobin Mao","doi":"10.3390/molecules30051090","DOIUrl":"10.3390/molecules30051090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alpha-cembratriene-4,6-diol (α-CBT-diol) is a complex diterpenoid primarily found in <i>Solanaceae</i> (i.e., tobacco leaves), <i>Pinaceae</i>, and marine corals. Due to its intricate chemical structure, it serves as a precursor for several aroma compounds, including farnesal. Farnesal and its derivatives have applications across various fields, such as the fragrance and flavor industry, pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and cosmetics. In this study, <i>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia</i> H3-1, a strain capable of efficiently biodegrading α-CBT-diol into farnesal, was isolated from soil and identified through 16S rDNA sequence analysis. <i>S. maltophilia</i> H3-1 biodegraded 93.3% of α-CBT-diol (300 mg/L) within 36 h when grown under optimized culture conditions, including a temperature of 40 °C, pH of 8, 2 g/L maltose, and 2 g/L ammonium sulfate. Theoretically, this strain can produce 201 mg/L of farnesal during the biotransformation of α-CBT-diol. The putative α-CBT-diol bioconversion pathway expressed in <i>S. maltophilia</i> H3-1 is also proposed. This is the first study to report the bioconversion of α-CBT-diol into the high-value compound farnesal using a novel <i>S. maltophilia</i> H3-1 strain. It highlights that other compounds found in tobacco can also be bioconverted into valuable products.</p>","PeriodicalId":19041,"journal":{"name":"Molecules","volume":"30 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11901948/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143616248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-Butterfly Effect in Ribavirin Studied by Combined Experiment (PXRD/¹H-¹⁴N NQR Cross-Relaxation Spectroscopy), Quantum Chemical Calculations, Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamics Simulations, and Novel Structure-Binding Strength and Quadrupolar Indices.","authors":"Jolanta Natalia Latosińska, Magdalena Latosińska, Janez Seliger, Veselko Žagar, Tomaž Apih","doi":"10.3390/molecules30051096","DOIUrl":"10.3390/molecules30051096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ribavirin, 1-(β-D-Ribofuranosyl)-1<i>H</i>-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide, which is included in the list of drugs recommended in the guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection, has been the subject of experimental and theoretical investigation. The most thermodynamically stable polymorphic form was studied using ¹H-¹⁴N NQR cross-relaxation, periodic DFT/QTAIM/RDS/3D Hirshfeld surfaces, and molecular docking. For the first time, a ¹H-¹⁴N cross-relaxation spectrum of ribavirin was recorded and interpreted. Twelve resonance frequencies were assigned to four inequivalent nitrogen positions in the molecule using combined experimental techniques and solid-state quantum chemical calculations. The influence of the structural alteration on the NQR parameters was modeled using GGA/RPBE. The differences in the binding pattern of ribavirin, acadesine, inosine, guanosine, and favipiravir-ribofuranosyl in the solid state and the protein-ligand complex were assessed to elucidate the differences in the binding mechanism at the molecular level due to aglycone modification. The replacement of the carbon adjacent to the ribose with nitrogen, in conjunction with the absence of oxygen at the 2-position of the ring, resulted in an increased flexibility of the RBV structure in comparison to the favipiravir-ribofuranosyl structure. The present study identified the intramolecular hydrogen bond NH···N in RBV as playing a crucial role in the formation of a quasi-five-membered ring. However, this bond was proven to be too weak to force positioning of the amide group in the ring plane. The ribofuranosyl in RBV inhibits tautomerism and freezes the conformation of the amide group. The results of the molecular dynamics simulations demonstrated that RBV and favipiravir-ribofuranosyl incorporated into the RNA primer exhibited comparable stability within the protein binding region. The titular anti-butterfly (inverted butterfly) effect is associated with the consequences of both the changes in aglycone moiety and the neighborhood alteration. Seven structure-binding strength indices and six novel quadrupolar indices defined in this study have been proven to facilitate the evaluation of the similarity of binding motifs in the solid state and protein-ligand complex.</p>","PeriodicalId":19041,"journal":{"name":"Molecules","volume":"30 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11902026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143616296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous Quantification of Bioactive Triterpene Saponins Calenduloside E and Chikusetsusaponin IVa in Different Plant Parts of Ten Amaranthaceae Species by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS Method.","authors":"Karolina Grabowska, Paweł Żmudzki, Agnieszka Galanty, Irma Podolak","doi":"10.3390/molecules30051088","DOIUrl":"10.3390/molecules30051088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Calenduloside E (CE) and chikusetsusaponin IVa (ChIVa) are triterpene saponins with multidirectional bioactivity. In this study, the contents of CE and ChIVa were determined in the roots, stems, leaves, and fruits of ten wild-growing species of Amaranthaceae. To achieve optimal extraction conditions for both saponins, maceration, shaking-assisted maceration, and ultrasound-assisted and heat reflux extraction were compared. A sensitive, specific, and rapid UPLC-MS/MS method was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of CE and ChIVa. The results showed that CE and ChIVa coexisted in most of the species analyzed, except for <i>Ch. hybridum</i>. For the first time, the presence of CE and ChIVa was noted in <i>L. polysperma</i>, <i>A. patula</i>, <i>B. bonus-henricus</i>, <i>O. rubra</i>, and <i>O. glauca</i>. Of the species analyzed, the highest ChIVa content was found in the fruit of <i>A. sagittata</i> (13.15 mg/g dw), <i>L. polysperma</i> (12.20 mg/g dw), and <i>Ch. album</i> (10.0 mg/g dw), and in the fruit and roots of <i>Ch. strictum</i> (5.52 and 7.77 mg/g dw, respectively). The highest amount of CE was determined in the fruit of <i>A. sagittata</i> (7.84 mg/g dw) and <i>Ch. strictum</i> (6.54 mg/g dw). These saponin-abundant plant parts of Amaranthaceae spp. may be considered convenient sources of these bioactive saponins.</p>","PeriodicalId":19041,"journal":{"name":"Molecules","volume":"30 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11901714/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143616399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application Progress of Electron Beam Radiation in Adsorption Functional Materials Preparation.","authors":"Jie Gao, Xiang Li, Tao Chen, Yuan Zhao, Houhua Xiong, Xiaobing Han","doi":"10.3390/molecules30051084","DOIUrl":"10.3390/molecules30051084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To solve the problems of water and air pollution, adsorption functional materials (ASFMs) have been extensively investigated and applied. Among the preparation methods of ASFM, electron beam radiation (EBR) has attracted much attention for its high efficiency, environmental friendliness, and wide applicability. Based on the introduction of the application of EBR technology, the EBR preparation of ASFM is summarized by grafting and cross-linking. Secondly, the application of corresponding ASFM for the adsorption of metal ions, inorganic anions, dyes, drugs and chemical raw materials, and carbon dioxide is summarized systematically. Then, the adsorption mechanisms of ASFM are illustrated, according to the different pollutants. Finally, the progress, issues, and prospects of EBR technology for ASFM preparation are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19041,"journal":{"name":"Molecules","volume":"30 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11901924/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143616301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coordination Polymers of Vanadium and Selected Metal Ions with <i>N</i>,<i>O</i>-Donor Schiff Base Ligands-Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Application.","authors":"Dariusz Osypiuk, Agata Bartyzel, Beata Cristóvão","doi":"10.3390/molecules30051104","DOIUrl":"10.3390/molecules30051104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review provides an overview of the synthesis, characterization and application of coordination polymers based on <i>N</i>,<i>O</i>-donor Schiff base ligands. The coordination polymers (CPs) represent a novel class of inorganic-organic hybrid materials with tunable compositions and fascinating structures. They are composed of metal ions and organic ligands. Therefore, the nature of the metal ion and type of organic ligand is the most significant factor in constructing targeted coordination polymers with the desired properties. Due to the versatile coordination modes, <i>N</i>,<i>O</i>-donor Schiff base ligands are also used to construct various CPs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19041,"journal":{"name":"Molecules","volume":"30 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11901807/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143616318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Faberidilactone A, a Sesquiterpene Dimer, Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression Through Apoptosis, Ferroptosis, and Anti-Metastatic Mechanisms.","authors":"Ruyu Cao, Yuhui Liu, Jiahe Bao, Mingming Rong, Jing Xu, Haibing Liao, Yuanqiang Guo","doi":"10.3390/molecules30051095","DOIUrl":"10.3390/molecules30051095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer remains a significant global public health challenge, with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranking among the top five malignancies in terms of mortality. Faberidilactone A, a sesquiterpenoid dimer isolated from <i>Inula japonica</i>, exhibits potent cytotoxicity against various human tumor cell lines and demonstrates remarkable antitumor potential. In vitro studies using HepG2 cells revealed that faberidilactone A induces apoptosis and ferroptosis, causes cell cycle arrest, enhances the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and disrupts mitochondrial function. Mechanistic investigations via Western blot analysis indicated that faberidilactone A impedes HepG2 cell proliferation by modulating the signal transducer and activator of the transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway and inhibits metastasis by affecting the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) pathway. In vivo experiments using a zebrafish model demonstrated that faberidilactone A effectively suppresses the dissemination and metastasis of HepG2 cells and exhibits anti-angiogenic properties. When the concentration of faberidilactone A reached 10 µM, the inhibition rates of tumor proliferation, migration, and intersegmental vessels (ISVs) length were 76.9%, 72.6%, and 46.2%, respectively. These findings underscore the therapeutic potential of faberidilactone A as a promising agent for HCC treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19041,"journal":{"name":"Molecules","volume":"30 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11901444/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143616395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}