Nature ImmunologyPub Date : 2026-10-19DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02696-z
Paschal Ruggajo, Davis Amani, Jackline Ngowi, George Msengi, Harrieth Ndumwa, Mariam Noorani, Blandina T Mmbaga, Chrysanthi Skevaki, Harald Renz
{"title":"The bidirectional double burden of non-communicable diseases and infections.","authors":"Paschal Ruggajo, Davis Amani, Jackline Ngowi, George Msengi, Harrieth Ndumwa, Mariam Noorani, Blandina T Mmbaga, Chrysanthi Skevaki, Harald Renz","doi":"10.1038/s41590-026-02696-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-026-02696-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19032,"journal":{"name":"Nature Immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149224534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nature ImmunologyPub Date : 2026-10-19DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02721-1
Xiangjun Chen, Alok Jaiswal, Zachary Costliow, Paula Herbst, Elizabeth A Creasey, Noriko Oshiro-Rapley, Mark J Daly, Kimberly L Carey, Daniel B Graham, Ramnik J Xavier
{"title":"Author Correction: pH sensing controls tissue inflammation by modulating cellular metabolism and endo-lysosomal function of immune cells.","authors":"Xiangjun Chen, Alok Jaiswal, Zachary Costliow, Paula Herbst, Elizabeth A Creasey, Noriko Oshiro-Rapley, Mark J Daly, Kimberly L Carey, Daniel B Graham, Ramnik J Xavier","doi":"10.1038/s41590-026-02721-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-026-02721-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19032,"journal":{"name":"Nature Immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149224514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nature ImmunologyPub Date : 2026-10-15DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02717-x
Nanyang Xiao, Airi Kogishi, Lisa Radochonski, Yuchong Lei, Jueqi Chen
{"title":"Author Correction: Type A cholesterol-dependent cytolysins translocate to the trans-Golgi network for NLRP3 inflammasome activation.","authors":"Nanyang Xiao, Airi Kogishi, Lisa Radochonski, Yuchong Lei, Jueqi Chen","doi":"10.1038/s41590-026-02717-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-026-02717-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19032,"journal":{"name":"Nature Immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nature ImmunologyPub Date : 2026-10-15DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02697-y
Anna M Schulz, Caitlin C Zebley, Dietmar Zehn, Ben Youngblood
{"title":"Tuning T cells to give cancer the blues.","authors":"Anna M Schulz, Caitlin C Zebley, Dietmar Zehn, Ben Youngblood","doi":"10.1038/s41590-026-02697-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-026-02697-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19032,"journal":{"name":"Nature Immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nature ImmunologyPub Date : 2026-10-14DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02689-y
Elze Rackaityte, Beltran Borges, Hannah M Kortbawi, Haleigh S Miller, Shirley J Shao, Kelsey C Zorn, Colette Caspar, Rebecca Wong, Frank McCarthy, Joseph S Creery, Margareta Mayer, Madhura Raghavan, Elaine Kouame, Robert R Puccinelli, Amy L Kistler, David J L Yu, Sammer Roach Ganem, Alexandra DeRisi, Quinn Kawaja, Chung-Yu Wang, Aditi Saxena, Scott Oltman, Andrew F Kung, Sabrina A Mann, Anthea Mitchell, David Huang, Gabrielle Rizzuto, Rebecca J Baer, Caleigh Mandel-Brehm, Kelli K Ryckman, Stephanie L Gaw, Sara L Hillman, Laura L Jelliffe-Pawlowski, Joanna Halkias, Nasim C Sobhani, Mark S Anderson, Francsesca Trespidi, Claudia Alpini, Tiziana Bosoni, Riccardo Albertini, Camilla Bellingeri, Barbara Gardella, Alessandro Borghesi, Nicole Prince, Jessica Lasky-Su, Michael R Wilson, Marcelle I Cedars, Joshua E Elias, Tippi C MacKenzie, Joseph L DeRisi
{"title":"Evidence for maternal autoantibodies in the pathogenesis of preterm birth.","authors":"Elze Rackaityte, Beltran Borges, Hannah M Kortbawi, Haleigh S Miller, Shirley J Shao, Kelsey C Zorn, Colette Caspar, Rebecca Wong, Frank McCarthy, Joseph S Creery, Margareta Mayer, Madhura Raghavan, Elaine Kouame, Robert R Puccinelli, Amy L Kistler, David J L Yu, Sammer Roach Ganem, Alexandra DeRisi, Quinn Kawaja, Chung-Yu Wang, Aditi Saxena, Scott Oltman, Andrew F Kung, Sabrina A Mann, Anthea Mitchell, David Huang, Gabrielle Rizzuto, Rebecca J Baer, Caleigh Mandel-Brehm, Kelli K Ryckman, Stephanie L Gaw, Sara L Hillman, Laura L Jelliffe-Pawlowski, Joanna Halkias, Nasim C Sobhani, Mark S Anderson, Francsesca Trespidi, Claudia Alpini, Tiziana Bosoni, Riccardo Albertini, Camilla Bellingeri, Barbara Gardella, Alessandro Borghesi, Nicole Prince, Jessica Lasky-Su, Michael R Wilson, Marcelle I Cedars, Joshua E Elias, Tippi C MacKenzie, Joseph L DeRisi","doi":"10.1038/s41590-026-02689-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41590-026-02689-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Preterm birth is associated with breakdown of maternal-fetal tolerance and remains the leading cause of global mortality in young children. However, the role of self-reactive antibodies has been limited to a handful of pathogenic allo- and autoantibodies linked to pregnancy complications. Here we identify a shared autoreactive signature of pregnancy in pregnant sera (n = 2,719) relative to never-pregnant controls (n = 130), using proteome-wide autoantibody profiling. Across eight human pregnancy cohorts, we define autoreactivities associated with preterm birth by comparing preterm (n = 688) and term (n = 1,505) pregnancies. Within the signature, antibodies to IL1 receptor antagonist (IL1RA) induce resorption, inflammation and vascular malperfusion in pregnant mice. IL1RA localizes to placental endothelial adherens junctions, suggesting a role in vascular integrity. These findings identify a term pregnancy humoral immune program and shared changes preceding preterm delivery, including anti-IL1RA, which may have direct pathogenic consequences.</p>","PeriodicalId":19032,"journal":{"name":"Nature Immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149182376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nature ImmunologyPub Date : 2026-10-14DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02685-2
Paul Bunk, Ilgin Ergin, Timothy Maher, Vyom Shah, Julia R Bonney, Lokesh B S S Kumar, Charlie Chung, Nils Wellhausen, Philip Moresco, Sarah Shao, Jill Habel, Vinay Mandati, Rachel Rubino, David E Rivadeneira, John E Wilkinson, Laura Herrero, Peter M K Westcott, Samuel E Weinberg, Saar I Gill, Nathalie Y R Agar, Semir Beyaz
{"title":"Compartment-specific PPARδ activity controls the outcome of cancer-immune cell competition and immunotherapy efficacy.","authors":"Paul Bunk, Ilgin Ergin, Timothy Maher, Vyom Shah, Julia R Bonney, Lokesh B S S Kumar, Charlie Chung, Nils Wellhausen, Philip Moresco, Sarah Shao, Jill Habel, Vinay Mandati, Rachel Rubino, David E Rivadeneira, John E Wilkinson, Laura Herrero, Peter M K Westcott, Samuel E Weinberg, Saar I Gill, Nathalie Y R Agar, Semir Beyaz","doi":"10.1038/s41590-026-02685-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-026-02685-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Most patients with solid tumors fail to sustain antitumor immunity, in part because immune cells cannot outcompete cancer cells inside the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Here, we show the lipid-sensing transcription factor PPARδ is a compartment-specific determinant of cancer-immune fitness balance and immunotherapy efficacy. Activating PPARδ in cancer cells promotes their growth and impairs antitumor immunity, whereas activating it in immune cells drives tumor suppression and overrides tumor-promoting effects of cancer-intrinsic activation. Mechanistically, PPARδ enhances CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell fitness against cancer through effector-associated chromatin remodeling and Cpt1a-mediated fatty acid oxidation. Therapeutically, PPARδ-activated CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells sensitize immunotherapy-resistant microsatellite stable metastatic colorectal cancer to checkpoint blockade in mice, and pharmacological or genetic PPARδ activation enhances human chimeric antigen receptor T cell function. These findings identify compartment-specific PPARδ activity as a targetable driver of immune cell fitness that can be harnessed to improve outcomes in immunotherapy-resistant tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":19032,"journal":{"name":"Nature Immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149182349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nature ImmunologyPub Date : 2026-10-13DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02704-2
Kihong Lim, Ankit Dahal, Xiurui Lv, Kyun-Do Kim, Blake A Evans, Herman Li, Laurie A Steiner, Minsoo Kim
{"title":"Author Correction: Monocyte-derived galectin-1<sup>hi</sup> cells provide innate immune help in the generation of functional memory CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells.","authors":"Kihong Lim, Ankit Dahal, Xiurui Lv, Kyun-Do Kim, Blake A Evans, Herman Li, Laurie A Steiner, Minsoo Kim","doi":"10.1038/s41590-026-02704-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-026-02704-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19032,"journal":{"name":"Nature Immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149182381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nature ImmunologyPub Date : 2026-10-12DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02675-4
Mahesh Kathania, Desh Raj, Thirupugal Govindarajan, Dinesh Ravindra Raju, Amit K Verma, Anirban Roy, Risha Mathur, Jenna Woody, Amir Kumar Singh, Chul Ahn, Suraj Patel, Jianyi Yin, Andrew Lemoff, Arianne L Theiss, Chao Xing, Tuoqi Wu, Ezra Burstein, K Venuprasad
{"title":"Zbtb44-mediated transcriptional repression critically regulates colonic inflammation.","authors":"Mahesh Kathania, Desh Raj, Thirupugal Govindarajan, Dinesh Ravindra Raju, Amit K Verma, Anirban Roy, Risha Mathur, Jenna Woody, Amir Kumar Singh, Chul Ahn, Suraj Patel, Jianyi Yin, Andrew Lemoff, Arianne L Theiss, Chao Xing, Tuoqi Wu, Ezra Burstein, K Venuprasad","doi":"10.1038/s41590-026-02675-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-026-02675-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The regulatory mechanisms that maintain colonic immune homeostasis remain incompletely understood. Here we show that genetic deletion of Zbtb44, a previously uncharacterized member of the ZBTB transcription factor family, leads to spontaneous colitis and rectal prolapse. Zbtb44<sup>-/-</sup> T cells expressed increased IFN-γ, a pro-inflammatory cytokine strongly associated with human inflammatory bowel disease. Mechanistically, Zbtb44 undergoes SUMOylation, which facilitates its interaction with a conserved SUMO-interacting motif in T-bet, enabling binding to the IFN-γ promoter and enhancer to restrain chronic IFN-γ production. Together, these findings demonstrate that Zbtb44 is a key regulator of colonic inflammation, a role that could be exploited therapeutically.</p>","PeriodicalId":19032,"journal":{"name":"Nature Immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149167977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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