Asian Journal of Medicine and Biomedicine最新文献

{"title":"Internet Addiction Among University Students at School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia During the Covid-19 Pandemic","authors":"Intan Lyana Zaabah, Nur Adibah Solihin Sulaiman, Norhasmah Mohd Zain","doi":"10.37231/ajmb.2022.6.s1.592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/ajmb.2022.6.s1.592","url":null,"abstract":"Internet addiction issue risen among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic, and it can contribute to mental health deterioration such as depression which is a serious worldwide public health concern. [1, 3]. This study aims to study internet addiction among university students in School of Health Sciences, USM. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted via convenience sampling technique on 122 students from January 2022 to March 2022. The data were collected by a self-administered questionnaire consisting of demographic variables and the level of addiction using 26-items validated by Chen Internet Addiction (CIAS) [2]. The findings revealed that there were 122 respondents who participated in this study and mostly 78.7% female students participated. Most of the respondents were Year Two students (37.7%), the residence of the respondents mostly from hostel or campus (54.1%) and the time spent on internet per day mostly more than five hours (92.6%) per day (Table 1). \u0000In conclusion, the study indicated the level of internet addiction among university students. Therefore, this study implies that lowering the time spent on internet per day is necessary to reduce the hazards to university students' mental health such as depression.","PeriodicalId":189900,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Biomedicine","volume":"234 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127686326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Effectiveness of Breast Awareness Mobile App for Health Education and Promotion among Women in Kota Bharu, Kelantan","authors":"Arryana N, Azlina Y, Soon Lk, Iskandar Yhp, Abronina Is","doi":"10.37231/ajmb.2022.6.s1.591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/ajmb.2022.6.s1.591","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of cancer among Malaysian women with reported incidence increased in trend according to data from 2012 to 2016 [1]. Moreover, compared to the data from 2007 until 2011 and 2012 until 2016, Malaysian women are more likely to present with late-stage BC [1]. Breast self-examination (BSE) was found to be more effective when combined with a mobile app intervention in promoting early detection [2]. Even though smartphone app users were increasing, there is a lack of culturally appropriate content, health providers’ support and accessibility to reliable information [3]. \u0000  \u0000The objective of this study was to develop BrAware, a breast awareness mobile app based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) and evaluate the effectiveness of BrAware for health education and promotion. The HBM-based requirement analysis was used to develop BrAware, which includes elements including the risk factors infographic, survival statistics, BSE video, reminders, support groups and ‘myths and facts’ content. An approval from the Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC) Universiti Sains Malaysia was obtained (USM/JEPeM/18080380) prior to data collection. \u0000  \u0000A quasi-experimental pre and post-test research design were conducted from 1st October until 1st December 2021. The recruitment of participants was done through media social platforms such as the Facebook page of ‘Penduduk Kota Bharu’ and the WhatsApp group. It utilized an online survey using an adapted Bahasa Malaysia version of the Breast Cancer Awareness Measurement Tool (B-CAM) [4]. The post-test was administered after the participants were familiar with and used BrAware for two months. The data analysis was done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26.0. The raw scores of knowledge were summed up to 100% with a high score indicating high knowledge. A paired t-test was used to analyze the effectiveness of BrAware on knowledge in BC and BSE. The null hypothesis was rejected if the p-value is <0.05 at the 5% level of significance. \u0000A total of 41 women were recruited in this study to assess the effectiveness of BrAware in terms of BC knowledge and BSE practice. The analysis’s findings revealed that the participants’ mean age was 39.71±8.80. At a <0.001 level of significance, the mean BC warning signs knowledge score significantly increased from 70.62 (SD 11.74) to 79.83 (SD 10.15). Meanwhile, the BC risk factors knowledge rose from 65.79 (SD 14.63) to 77.07 (SD 16.57) (p-value 0.005). Also rising from 73.66 (SD 18.94) to 83.41 (SD 10.63) at a level of significance of 0.007 was the BSE knowledge means score. \u0000The pre-and post BrAware intervention significantly showed improvement in participants' knowledge that could affect their health behaviour and promote early detection of BC. In mobile app development, an interactive learning approach such as an infographic was included to facilitate user engagement and memorability [5] and survival statistic information ","PeriodicalId":189900,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Biomedicine","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127764113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment on Vitamin D Dietary Intake, Knowledge, and Practice among Pregnant Mothers in Malaysia","authors":"A. Kamarudin, Che Suhaili Che Taha","doi":"10.37231/ajmb.2022.6.s1.553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/ajmb.2022.6.s1.553","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the year-round availability of plenty of sunlight, vitamin D insufficiency (VDD) was common in Malaysia, especially among pregnant mothers. In addition to the scarcity of food sources of vitamin D and high levels of sun avoidance habits especially among women, this might hinder vitamin D synthesis in the body [1]. Pregnancy complications such maternal osteomalacia, gestational hyperglycemia, and preeclampsia have all been strongly linked to VDD in pregnant women [2]. Therefore, the purpose of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate vitamin D consumption, knowledge (K) and practise (P) among Malaysian pregnant mothers. \u0000  \u0000A total of 200 participants (median age: 29.5 + 8.8 years old), consisting of pregnant mothers in between 12 to 40 weeks of gestational ages were recruited within this study. Information on socio-demographic was obtained using self-administered questionnaires. Vitamin D intakes were estimated using Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) [3], while knowledge and practice questionnaires were measured using adapted validated questionnaires [2,4].   \u0000  \u0000Out of the 200 pregnant mothers consented to participate in this study, 128 specified they were in their second trimester and the remaining 72 were in their third trimester. Majority of participants were Malay (93%) followed by Chinese (4%), Indian (2%) and others (1%) and most of them obtained university/college education (80.5%) with moderate monthly income (RM 4,851 - RM 10,970) participated in this study. \u0000The mean dietary intake of vitamin D among pregnant mothers was 10.41 + 4.52 µg/day. The reported major highest food group contributing to the daily mean intake of vitamin D among respondents were fish and fish products with a mean + SD of 3.61 + 5.09, followed by milk and milk products (3.32 + 4.56), eggs (1.33 + 0.80), others (0.98 + 1.64), beverages (0.51 + 0.91), cereal and cereal products (0.37 + 0.89), and meat and meat products (0.28 + 0.52). \u0000  \u0000Nearly half of the participants (56%) had good knowledge regarding vitamin D, hence coming to terms with the fact that pregnant mothers generally had a good knowledge level towards vitamin D with the average knowledge score of 75.2%. Despite having a good knowledge, this study found only 3.5% of the participants exhibited good practice towards vitamin D. It is noted that pregnant mothers generally had a moderate practice level towards vitamin D with the average score of 56.4%. \u0000  \u0000This present study found that majority of Malaysian pregnant women has not achieved their vitamin D requirement during pregnancy, precisely, 161 out of 200 representing 80.5% respondents did not fulfil the RNI 2017 recommendation. Although with good level of knowledge, Malaysian pregnant mothers exhibited a moderate practice level. Considering the importance of vitamin D function during pregnancy, details investigation on vitamin D level among pregnant women should be investigated to raise the awareness of the importance of vitamin D, especially","PeriodicalId":189900,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Biomedicine","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115068762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impacts of Traditional Eastern Diet on the Community Health and Environment Sustainability","authors":"Izzah Nadhirah Mohamed Zain, Haliza Abdul Rahman, Nor Eliani Ezani, Noris Mohd Norowi","doi":"10.37231/ajmb.2022.6.s1.552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/ajmb.2022.6.s1.552","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional Eastern diets are often based on grains, beans, and other healthful foods. It is usually low in red meat and rich in whole grains, vegetables, fruits, and seafood [1]. According to the World Health Organization, a healthy diet includes fruits, vegetables, legumes, nuts, whole grains, meat, fish, eggs, and milk. Each intake varies depending on individual characteristics such as age, gender, lifestyle, and level of physical activity. A healthy diet is essential because it provides a balanced diet to protect against many chronic non-communicable diseases, such as heart disease, diabetes, and cancer [2]. Healthy and sustainable food choices contribute to a series of Sustainable Development Goals, including SDG 2, SDG 3, SDG 11, and SDG 12. These goals are to ensure food security, an improvement in health and well-being, sustainable cities, and communities, and lastly, responsible consumption and production [3]. \u0000  \u0000The aim of this study is to emphasize the impact of the Traditional Eastern diet on human health and the impact on environmental sustainability. \u0000  \u0000An in-depth narrative literature review of the Traditional Eastern diet's health and environmental effects was conducted using secondary data collected from journals and conference proceedings using the keywords \"Eastern diet\", \"Western diet\", \"environmental impact of food\", \"health impact of food\", \"globalization impact on food choices\" and \"food shifting\". \u0000  \u0000This review highlights the results of studies that prove that there are various positive and negative effects stemming from human daily diets. Eastern traditional diets have a variety of positive effects on human health such as able to reduce weight, reducing cholesterol levels, reducing blood glucose, reducing blood pressure, reducing the risk of colon cancer, and protecting against inflammation. The Traditional Eastern diet has a positive impact on the environment such as lower carbon emissions. However, there are still some negative effects of this food on the environment such as increased species extinction, eutrophication, global warming, acidification, water footprint, and land footprint even though it is not as bad as the consumption of unprocessed red meat food source. Table 1 shows the impact of food on the health and environment of the Eastern Traditional diet. \u0000In conclusion, while traditional Eastern diets also have positive health effects, reviews do not show significant differences in their environmental impact. Therefore, further study should be done to assess the environmental impact of traditional Eastern diet choices. This is because the choice of food consumed is very important for the environment to maintain its sustainability.","PeriodicalId":189900,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Biomedicine","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131859297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body Mass Index, Malnutrition and Quality of Life Among Elderly in Malaysia During Covid-19 Pandemic","authors":"Nur Hazierah Abd Razak, Nur Kamilah Fauzy, S. Harith","doi":"10.37231/ajmb.2022.6.s1.560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/ajmb.2022.6.s1.560","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 pandemic had  impact on several elements, including nutrition, as a result of food supply disruptions and  lack of essential materials such as medicines, supplements, healthy foods, and other items, causing elderly to be malnourished, lose weight, or consume unhealthy meals [1]. BMI and malnutrition may have impact on the elderly’s quality of life, however the evidence for this is still weak. \u0000  \u0000This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the BMI, malnutrition and QoL among elderly in all states in Malaysia during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 169 elderly aged 60 years and above across Malaysia were involved in this study. Those who meet the inclusion criteria which are elderly aged 60 years and above, living in Malaysia (Wilayah Persekutuan, Selangor, Perlis, Kedah, Pulau Pinang, Perak, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka, Johor, Kelantan, Terengganu, Pahang, Sabah, Sarawak) and have good memory was included in this study. All data were obtained through online questionnaire in which the assessment of height and weight were self-reported by the respondents, malnutrition was assessed using Malnutrition Risk Screening Tool-Hospital (MRST-H) and Mini Nutritional Assessment-short form (MNA-SF), meanwhile QoL was assessed using SF-36. Descriptive analysis was conducted to determine the frequencies, averages and percentages of BMI, malnutrition and QoL among the respondents. \u0000  \u0000Results showed that mean BMI of elderly was 25.54±4.88 kg/m2. Most of elderly had normal BMI (43.8%) as compared to underweight (21.9%) and overweight (34.3%). Next, according to MRST-H, majority of the participants had normal nutritional status (66.9%), meanwhile others (33.1%) were reported to be at risk of malnutrition with the majority of women (39.8%) as compared to men (23.9%). Similar to the MNA-SF, most of the participants had normal nutritional status (65.7%), followed by at risk of malnutrition (30.2%) and the least was malnutrition (4.1%). Overall, the median score for QoL was 61.10 (27.00). Physical role domain and vitality domain had the lowest median score which were 56.25 (40.60) and 56.25 (15.60) respectively. Meanwhile, social functioning was reported to have the highest scores 75.00 (37.50) as compared to other domains. \u0000Nutritional status and QoL are the cornerstone of public health in elderly. Therefore, it is important for this study to determine the BMI, malnutrition and QoL to make significant contribution in assisting health-care professionals to combat malnutrition and poor QoL among elderly.","PeriodicalId":189900,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Biomedicine","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127606201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Of Lifestyle Habits and Visceral Fat Accumulation Among UniSZA Staff","authors":"Nor Hannah Aqila Ab Hadi, S. Harith","doi":"10.37231/ajmb.2022.6.s1.561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/ajmb.2022.6.s1.561","url":null,"abstract":"An increase in visceral fat, knows as fat that surrounds the abdominal organs deep within the body causes obesity, particularly abdominal obesity [1]. National Health and Morbidity Survey   2019 has reported 1 in 2 adults in Malaysia had abdominal obesity [2]. The increased incidence of abdominal obesity  raises the risk of cardiovascular disease [2]. Visceral fat accumulation has been linked to unhealthy lifestyle and is frequently accompanied with metabolic imbalance and fluid retention because on insulin resistance, which can lead to metabolic syndrome [4]. Visceral fat accumulation is influenced by socio-demographic factors and lifestyle habits. However, only a few studies have looked at the relationship between lifestyle choices and visceral fat accumulation. \u0000This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between lifestyle habits and accumulation of visceral fat among staff in Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin. A total of 107 staff who work at department or faculty in UniSZA aged 18 to 59 years old were recruited using a purposive sampling method. Information on socio- demographic, anthropometric, mealtime pattern, physical activity, sedentary behavior and working hour were obtained. NHMS 2014 questionnaires was used to measure lifestyle habits of the participants. \u0000The respondents (mean age: 37.7 ± 8.1 years) were predominantly male (50.5%), Malay (100%), married (77.6%), highest education in bachelor’s degree (35.5%), and a monthly salary of RM 1000 and above. The study revealed half (54.2%) of the respondent from the overweight and obese category of BMI. The percentage of overweight is \u000036.4 while obese is 20.6. However, half of them had a normal visceral fat range, 54.2%. Waist circumference and waist-hip ratio at risk is highest among female (62.3%) and male (55.6%), respectively. \u0000The study shows high prevalence of overweight/ obese and abdominal obesity indicate the respondent has high risk of chronic disease such as diabetes, high blood pressure and heart disease. Thus, it is suggested that future intervention programs should focus on preventing overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity to prevent from problems related to chronic diseases.","PeriodicalId":189900,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Biomedicine","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115721091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Cross-Sectional Study on the Health Profile and Nutritional Status of Adults at Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Kuala Nerus, Terengganu","authors":"Ying Qian Ong, S. Harith, M. Shahril, N. Shahidan, Hermizi Hapidin","doi":"10.37231/ajmb.2022.6.s1.558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/ajmb.2022.6.s1.558","url":null,"abstract":"Surprisingly, 541 million people have impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) worldwide[1]. Prediabetes has been associated with an elevated risk of composite cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, stroke and all-cause mortality2 as well as an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) than normal glycaemia[1]. In Malaysia, the undiagnosed diabetes prevalence has increased3. Health profile and nutritional status play a crucial role in prediabetes development. However, there is a scarcity of related health profile characteristics and nutritional status data in Kuala Nerus, Terengganu. \u0000  \u0000This cross-sectional study aimed to identify the health profile and nutritional status of adults at risk of T2DM in Kuala Nerus, Terengganu. A total of 30 respondents at moderate and high risk of T2DM (Finnish Type 2 Diabetes Risk Assessment Tool (FINDRISC) score > 4) aged 18 to 59 years old were recruited from Kuala Nerus using a convenience sampling method. Information on socio-demographic, anthropometric, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level, clinical profile, FINDRISC score, dietary intake, and physical activity level were obtained. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS system version 21.0 and Nutritionist ProTM software (Version 7.0.0, Axxya Systems). A descriptive statistic was used to present all outcomes. The continuous data were described as mean ± standard deviation (SD) whereas for categorical variables, the data were reported as the number of frequency and percentage. \u0000  \u0000The respondents (mean age: 36.1 ± 8.7 years) were predominantly female (76.7%), Malay (96.7%), married (43.3%), with tertiary education (60.0%), and employed (83.3%) with a monthly income ranging below RM 1000. Half of the respondents were from the obese class I category. However, they had a normal FPG (5.6 ± 0.5 mmol/L) and were normotensive with a normal heart rate. Also, they had an average FINDRISC score of 6.3 ± 1.8. The respondents had excessive energy, fat, vitamin C, and selenium intake with insufficient dietary fibre, vitamin A, E, and K, calcium, and magnesium intake. Most of them (63.3%) were minimally active. \u0000The mean energy intake of this study was in accord with Malaysian Adult Nutrition Survey (MANS) 2003 (2097 kcal) and MANS 2014 (2123 kcal) after excluding under-reporters [3]. The National Health Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2019 stated that 25.1% of Malaysian adults were physically inactive which was slightly higher than the current study finding. On the contrary, a higher percentage (80.0%) of the study respondents were physically active than 74.9% as reported by NHMS (2019) [4]. \u0000  \u0000It is vital to determine the health profile and nutritional status, which can provide important information for planning future cost-effective T2DM preventive strategies. This is because a strategic method of primary prevention for T2DM is by managing risk factors through lifestyle modification.","PeriodicalId":189900,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Biomedicine","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115179330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Myocardial Infarction in Rat Model of Diet-Induced Hypercholesterolaemia","authors":"Shafreena Shaukat Ali, Nur Ain Mohd Asri, L. Noordin, Mogana Das Murtey, Norfarizan Hanoon Noor Azmi, M. H. Omar, W. A. N. Wan Ahmad","doi":"10.37231/ajmb.2022.6.s1.581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/ajmb.2022.6.s1.581","url":null,"abstract":"The evidence of hypercholesterolaemia (HC) being a significant contributor to the progression of ischemic heart diseases (IHDs), particularly myocardial infarction (MI) is steadily increasing globally [1]. However, data on the establishment of MI-associated diet-induced HC rat model are lacking. \u0000  \u0000Hence, this study aimed to establish an MI-associated diet-induced HC rat model, allowing a better understanding of the pathological changes of this rat model. A total of 6 male Sprague Dawley rats weighing 200-250 were randomly allotted into 2 groups; Control and HC-MI. Control rats were fed with standard pellet, while HC rats were fed with a self-made high-cholesterol diet (HCD) for 10 weeks. The recipe for the HCD was adopted from a previous study [2] with slight modification. At the end of 10th week, MI was induced with the administration of isoprenaline (85 mg/kg, s.c) for 2 consecutive days [3]. \u0000  \u0000In this study, 10 weeks of HCD significantly increased body mass index (BMI), triglyceride, and total cholesterol but not fasting blood glucose level in the HC group compared to the control group, suggestive of obese and HC state (Figure 1). MI was also evident by prominent observation of myocardial necrosis accompanied by infiltration of inflammatory cells in cardiac histology, although cardiac troponin T was not significantly elevated (Figure 2). Although liver function test showed significant elevation of AST but not ALT, but liver histological observation showed the presence of mixed steatosis and ballooning degeneration, suggestive of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease development (Figure 3). Nonetheless, kidney function test revealed a significant creatinine elevation but not urea level (Figure 4). \u0000  \u0000Collectively, these findings suggest that supplementation of HCD for 10 weeks together with administration of isoprenaline successfully developed a rat model of HC with MI as shown across elevated systemic cholesterol level, BMI, and myocardial necrosis. This study provides useful data on the establishment of the model which could be used in the future.","PeriodicalId":189900,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Biomedicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131667534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parent’s Willingness, Trust, Cues Health Literacies and Socioeconomic Factors to Vaccinate Their Children Aged 5 to 11 Years Old with the COVID-19 Vaccine in Selangor","authors":"Sandra Valentina, N. N. Nik Ramli","doi":"10.37231/ajmb.2022.6.s1.570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/ajmb.2022.6.s1.570","url":null,"abstract":"A novel human coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) which caused the COVID-19 was first identified in December 2019, in Wuhan, China. Within months, the virus infection was declared as a pandemic on March 11th, 2020, by the World Health Organisation [1]. The initial Malaysian National COVID-19 Immunisation Program (NIP) was scheduled into few phases to administer vaccine to adults and adolescence aged from 12 to 17. In view of the fourth COVID-19 wave, NIP was also introduced to children aged 5 to 11 on 3rd February 2022. However, on 9th March of the same year, the health minister claimed that only 30% of children aged 5 to 11 years old have received at least of one dose of the vaccine [2]. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the willingness to immunise children against COVID-19 and identify the indicators of immunisation willingness among the parents. \u0000  \u0000A cross- sectional study via convenience sampling was conducted amongst the adult population residing in the Shah Alam, Selangor using sets of questionnaires adapted from previous validated sources [3]. Descriptive analysis was used to express the variables while the correlation between the variables were assessed using Spearman correlation analysis. \u0000  \u0000There was a total of 323 parents participated in this study where more than half of them were willing to vaccinate their children with the compulsory doses and booster doses of COVID-19 vaccine. The degree of willingness varies with 72 (22.3%) were somewhat likely, 64 (19.8%) were likely, and 96 (29.7%) were very likely to allow their children aged 5 to 11 years old to get COVID-19 vaccination (Table 1). Based on Spearman correlation analysis, the level of willingness to vaccinate the children among the respondents were significantly correlated with the health condition of the child, religious perspective, law and order compliance, financial incentive, insurance coverage and their level of trust in health information on COVID-19 (Table 2). \u0000A study conducted in China suggested that higher digital health literacy with the use of data regarding the COVID-19 immunisation greatly associated with a higher acceptance for children immunisation [4]. Regarding this statement, health proficiency alongside education levels does play a significant part for parents to look for assistance from healthcare personnel’ with respect to their children's immunity status as well as the entitlement to obtain immunisation. On the other hand, cues such as law and religious beliefs appear to be associated with parents' acceptance rate to immunise their children [5]. Studies on trust in government for the most part discovered a significant positive affiliation between level of trust and vaccine acceptance [6]. Aside from financial remuneration, providing health insurance coverage also among the factor for vaccine acceptance as studies have showed that the vaccine hesitancy is closely related to the concern of vaccine safety, effectiveness, and its side effects [7]. \u0000  \u0000The present s","PeriodicalId":189900,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Biomedicine","volume":"545 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131848477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Potential Anti-Osteosarcoma Activity from Naturally Extracted Phenolic Compound: A Scoping Review","authors":"M. Kasiram, Hermizi Hapidin, H. Abdullah, A. Azlina","doi":"10.37231/ajmb.2022.6.s1.579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/ajmb.2022.6.s1.579","url":null,"abstract":"Chemotherapy is the standard treatment component for osteosarcoma alongside the surgery. Nevertheless, the survival rate of patients diagnosed with osteosarcoma has not changed over the past three decades. Phenolic compounds are widely reported for having anti-proliferative effects against various cancers including osteosarcoma. Based on the framework published by Arskey and O’Malley [1] this scoping review was conducted to map the published literature on the anti-osteosarcoma activity of the phenolic compounds. \u0000  \u0000Initially, a literature search was conducted from electronic databases like PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO, Google Scholar Science Direct, and Web of Science. Articles on anti-osteosarcoma activities of phenolic compounds that were published between January 2001 and May 2022 were retrieved. The review process was guided by the framework of systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) [2].  \u0000  \u0000In total, 3168 articles were retrieved from the literature search. After a thorough screening, 95 articles were included in the final analysis after met the inclusion criteria. Most of the studies were published between the year 2011 to 2022 (84.2%) and only a few were published between 2001 to 2010 (15.8%) (Table 1). Among the selected studies, 53 types of phenolic compounds were identified to have a promising anti-osteosarcoma activity. Curcumin (12.6%) was the most reported phenolic compound followed by quercetin (11.6%) and resveratrol (10.5%) (Table 2). All studies were utilised in-vitro studies (n = 95), and some also conducted in-vivo evaluations (n = 17). MG-63 (50.5%) was identified to be the most used cell line. Meanwhile, BALB/c nude mice (58.8%) was the most frequently used in the in-vivo evaluation. In this review, it was found that 13 studies analysed the combination between phenolic compounds and chemotherapeutic drugs with 53.8% of the analysis demonstrating synergistic effect. \u0000The number of published articles on the anti-osteosarcoma activities of phenolic compounds has increased dramatically over the past 10 years. Phenolic compounds became the main choice in oncotherapy research as it represents a major secondary metabolite in the plant. In this review, all the selected articles utilised in-vitro studies, and only several studies conducted in-vivo evaluations. For the in-vitro study, MG-63 was most frequently used because this cell line was reported to have phenotypic stability [3]. For the in-vivo study, BALB/c nude mice was mostly used because the utilization of immunocompromised mice has become an essential tool in the drug evaluation for cancer to maintain the tumour pathological traits [4]. Even though most of the compounds showed a remarkable inhibitory effect in-vitro and in-vivo, no clinical trial study was reported. Combination analysis is one of the efforts to induce the effectiveness of the treatment. Seven studies reported the synergistic effect when phenolic compound was combined with chemotherapeutic drug. The synergist","PeriodicalId":189900,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Biomedicine","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132294866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}