Asian Journal of Medicine and Biomedicine最新文献

{"title":"Differences in Daily Food Intake and Body Mass Index between Stressed and Unstressed University Students","authors":"Chee Yen Wong, Hilaliyah Nur Azmi, A. M. Mhd Jalil","doi":"10.37231/ajmb.2023.1.s.657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/ajmb.2023.1.s.657","url":null,"abstract":"Stress adversely affects health through direct biological and indirect behavioural changes, including in young adults. This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the variation between body mass index (BMI), and daily food, energy and nutrient intakes among Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin students according to their stress levels. A total of 221 eligible students aged 18–29 years were recruited. Data were collected using a validated self-administered Malay-language questionnaire as follows: sociodemographic, Depression Anxiety Stress Scales 21 questionnaire, and semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire. Weight and height were also measured using standard procedures. Data were analysed using independent samples t-test and Mann-Whitney U test. Overall, 39% of the students experienced stress; 26% and 18% were overweight and obese, respectively. The average daily energy intake (TEI) for male and female students was 2,992±1,063 kcal and 2,352±1,002 kcal, respectively. Approximately 63% and 88% of the students met their recommended daily intake of carbohydrates and protein, respectively. The majority of respondents did not achieve 25–30% of TEI for fat (70%) and had excess sugar (77%) and sodium (66%). The top 10 foods consumed daily were rice (97%), chicken (68%), table sugar (57%), green leafy vegetables (44%), candy/chocolate (30%), hen eggs (29%), tea (19%), marine fish (18%), apple (16%), and condensed milk (13%). There were significantly higher years of degree education (2.2±1.1 years vs. 1.7±1.0 years, p=0.003) and BMI (24.3±6.3 kg/m² vs. 22.6±4.7 kg/m², p=0.021) among stressed students compared to their peers. Stressed students consumed more pizza (Z=2.16; p=0.031), sausage/hotdog/frankfurter (Z=2.35; p=0.019), chicken/meat balls (Z=2.10; p=0.035), cake (Z=2.95; p=0.003), peanut butter (Z=2.37; p=0.018), and bean sprouts (Z=2.31; p=0.021) than their peers. However, a comparison among stressed and unstressed students revealed no significant differences in energy, carbohydrates, protein, fat, sodium, and sugar intake. This study shows that stressed students had a higher tendency to consume energy-dense food (i.e. fast foods, peanut butter and cakes) compared with unstressed students. A more detailed study is warranted to determine the personal dietary behaviours of stress eaters.","PeriodicalId":189900,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Biomedicine","volume":"589 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139160410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Hypernatremia on Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"H. Asmara, Salma Zahidah Abd Kadir, Nadiah Wan-Arfah, A. Meramat","doi":"10.37231/ajmb.2023.1.s.664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/ajmb.2023.1.s.664","url":null,"abstract":"Serum sodium (Na) values above 145 mmol/L indicate hypernatremia: drugs, hormone imbalances, water retention, and Na intake cause it. The inability of the body to control salt balance affects infants, older people with neurological or physical impairment, and critically unwell adults. Vital heart function helps critical cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients. Hypernatremia increases blood pressure, risking stroke and heart disease. This study and meta-analysis assessed CVD patients' blood pressure and hypernatremia. The mortality of CVD patients with hypernatremia was also studied. Furthermore, this study explained salt-induced hypertension. The systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. The included research was published between 2010 and 2022. Several databases were utilized, including PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct. Ten articles were included in this study. Two studies demonstrated the effects of hypernatremia on blood pressure, five studies demonstrated the effects of hypernatremia on mortality among CVD patients, and three studies demonstrated the mechanisms underlying salt-induced hypertension. The research employs a random effects model represented by Forest plots. The meta-analysis results indicated that hypernatremia significantly increases blood pressure in CVD patients (95% CI: 0.24 to 16.33; p=0.04; OR: 8.29). Hypernatremia also increased mortality in patients with CVD (95% CI, 1.48 to 3.83; p=0.0003; OR, 2.40). Hypernatremia causes arterial wall stiffness and contributes to alterations in blood pressure (95% CI: 1.48–3.83; p=0.02; OR: 0.51). Therefore, managing hypernatremia in patients with CVD may prevent complications, such as mortality and severe hypertension.","PeriodicalId":189900,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Biomedicine","volume":"384 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139160881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyperglycemia Effects on Blood Pressure in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"H. Asmara, Nur Latifa Ja'afar, Nadiah Wan-Arfah, A. Meramat","doi":"10.37231/ajmb.2023.1.s.665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/ajmb.2023.1.s.665","url":null,"abstract":"A higher-than-normal blood glucose level characterizes hyperglycemia, the primary metabolic feature of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) caused by insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. As a consequence of tissue or organ damage, hyperglycemia can cause an increase in blood pressure, according to previous research. The paucity of data makes comprehending the relationship between hyperglycemia and elevated blood pressure challenging. A detailed evaluation and meta-analysis were performed to investigate how hyperglycemia influences blood pressure. In addition, this study provides information on hyperglycemia biomarkers associated with the progression of high blood pressure. This investigation utilized a systematic review and a meta-analysis following the PRISMA recommendations. A comprehensive literature search was conducted on relevant literature published between 2012 and 2022, utilizing electronic database systems such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The random effects model was employed to combine odds ratios (OR). The meta-analysis included eleven out of the 23 studies by employing the Review Manager software. This analysis revealed the effects of hyperglycemia and normal blood glucose on blood pressure in adults (OR=2.18; 95% CI, 1.14 to 4.18). The microvascular complication (OR=1.27; 95% CI, 1.20 to 1.35) and arterial stiffness (MD=-5.93; 95% CI, -11.23 to -0.65) are factors that may contribute to the progression of hyperglycemia to high blood pressure. HbA1c was possibly the most effective biomarker for hyperglycemia (MD=1.81; 95% CI, 0.44 to 3.02). In conclusion, hyperglycemia significantly affects BP in adults, and both mechanisms identified, including microvascular complication and arterial rigidity, are associated with elevated BP in a hyperglycemic state.","PeriodicalId":189900,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Biomedicine","volume":"571 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139160903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge and Attitude about Radiation Hazards on Pregnant Women Among Non-Healthcare Students in Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA)","authors":"Juliana Mohd Radzi, Anis Farhana Adli","doi":"10.37231/ajmb.2023.1.s.654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/ajmb.2023.1.s.654","url":null,"abstract":"Lack of awareness on radiation exposure during pregnancy in Malaysia can lead to a higher possibility of rejection from pregnant women to undergo an examination using ionizing radiation. This study aims to assess the general knowledge and attitude regarding radiation hazards on pregnant women among students at Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA). A cross-sectional study was conducted among non-healthcare students in UniSZA. A questionnaire was distributed online using Google Form to assess knowledge and attitude of radiation hazards on pregnant women. Descriptive statistics and Independent T-test were used to determine the knowledge and attitude of the respondents. A total of 120 students have participated in this study. Equal sample sizes are obtained with 60 male students and 60 female students. The total mean knowledge and attitude score for all students is 1.31 and 4.13 respectively. The mean knowledge of female students (M=24.27) (P < .05) was higher compared to male students (M=20.20) (P < .05). Mean attitude of female students (M=17.40) (P < .05) was higher compared to male students (M=15.65) (P < .05). Female students have higher knowledge and attitude towards radiation hazards on pregnancy compared to male students.  Lack of knowledge and attitude on radiation hazards on pregnancy can give serious effects in the future.  Continuous awareness campaigns on the benefits and risks of radiation must be held through various platforms to educate people regarding the radiation hazards on pregnant women.","PeriodicalId":189900,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Biomedicine","volume":"2020 37","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139159978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Knowledge and Practice on Radiation Protection in Radiological Imaging Among Healthcare Professionals at HPUniSZA","authors":"Juliana Mohd Radzi, Niveta Dave Ananda Raj","doi":"10.37231/ajmb.2023.1.s.655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/ajmb.2023.1.s.655","url":null,"abstract":"Ionizing radiation aids in diagnosing and treating diseases. However, without proper knowledge and practice of radiation protection, it can be harmful, especially among healthcare professionals. This study aims to examine the knowledge and practice of radiation protection among healthcare workers at the HPUniSZA. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the HPUniSZA from March 2022 to June 2023 for healthcare professionals in HPUniSZA. The questionnaire was distributed online and through face-to-face interviews. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze sociodemographic, knowledge, and practice of radiation protection while Pearson’s correlation was used to determine the relationship between knowledge and practice of radiation protection among the respondents. A total of 60 healthcare professionals in HPUniSZA participated in this study. The mean knowledge level was found to be 6.20 (SD, 2.905) indicating a range of medium-good level of knowledge of radiation protection while for practice was found to be 8.20 (SD, 2.394) indicating a good practice of radiation protection among healthcare professionals. A significant positive and fair correlation (r = 0.48, p < 0.001) was demonstrated between knowledge and practice levels on radiation protection in radiological imaging. The knowledge level and the practice of radiation protection among healthcare professionals are in the range of medium-good level and good levels respectively. There is a correlation between knowledge and practice of radiation protection among healthcare professionals in HPUniSZA. Assessing the knowledge and practice of radiation protection among healthcare professionals is of utmost importance to ensure patient safety, minimize radiation risks, and facilitate effective and efficient healthcare delivery both now and in the future.","PeriodicalId":189900,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Biomedicine","volume":"754 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139160622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Breastfeeding among Mothers with Children Below Two Years Old in Terengganu","authors":"B. S. Wee, Nurul Aziyani Rosli","doi":"10.37231/ajmb.2023.1.s.659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/ajmb.2023.1.s.659","url":null,"abstract":"Breast milk is an ideal food for infants because it contains essential nutrients, vitamins, minerals and antibodies which are vital for the infants’ optimal growth, development and health. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of stunting and to assess knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of breastfeeding among mothers with children below two years old in Kuala Nerus and Kuala Terengganu, and to further assess the association between KAP and stunting. Anthropometric measurement of the children consists of weight and length/height, where the cut-off for Length-for-age Z-scores (LAZ) is considered as stunted if the score is below -2SD while it is considered as severe stunted if the score is below -3SD. Questionnaires containing two parts: sociodemographic characteristics and validated Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) of breastfeeding questionnaires. A total of 228 respondents with the mean age of 31.5±4.7 years for the mothers and 1.41±0.8 months for children were recruited in this study. More than half (51.8%) of the respondents received tertiary education. Most of the respondents’ household categories were in B40 income group (85.1%), followed by M40 (14.5%) and T20 (0.4%). For children, 50.9% were boys while another 49.1% were girls. The prevalence of stunting among children below two years old in Terengganu was 25.5%. Next, the majority of the respondents had moderate knowledge (55.7%), neutral attitude (60.1%) and fair practice (45.2%) of breastfeeding. However, there was no significant association between KAP of breastfeeding and stunting status (p>0.05). Therefore, it is important to design strategies for promoting breastfeeding among mothers so that it can improve their knowledge and attitude towards breastfeeding and its practices. Besides, urgent action is needed to reduce the number of stunted children below two years old in Terengganu.","PeriodicalId":189900,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Biomedicine","volume":"372 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139160677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Image Quality Comparison between 10kVp Technique and 15 Percent Rule on AP Supine Abdominal X-ray Examination","authors":"Fairuz Mohd Nasir, Azlinawati Ali, Qashrina Nadhirah Yaakob","doi":"10.37231/ajmb.2023.1.s.680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/ajmb.2023.1.s.680","url":null,"abstract":"The abdomen is one of the thickest parts of the human body and there are challenges in obtaining good images due to the thickness and pathology of the patient during an abdominal X-ray. The 15% rule and the 10 kVp technique are used as exposure manipulation methods in abdominal radiography, however, theoretically, the 15% rule is preferred. The 15% rule provides optimal exposure while the 10 kVp technique is simpler in terms of calculating the exposure factor. These two techniques have their advantages; therefore, this study aims to compare the image quality between the 15% rule and the 10 kVp technique of X-ray supine anteroposterior (AP) abdominal radiography image quality and evaluate whether 10 kVp could be an exposure replacement technique for the 15% rule. Five abdomen radiographic images were taken based on both techniques and evaluated quantitatively using ImageJ software and qualitatively based on scoring by two radiographers. Based on the result of the experimental study, the SNR (signal-to-noise) ratio, CNR (contrast-to-noise ratio) and image mean score had no significant differences (p-value>0.05) between the 10 kVp and 15% rule. In conclusion, the 10 kVp technique is a possible substitution for the 15% rule in obtaining valuable diagnostic image quality during AP abdominal X-ray projection and is more suitable to be implied in clinical settings compared to the 15% rule.","PeriodicalId":189900,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Biomedicine","volume":"1998 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139160129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Letter to Editor","authors":"Assoc. Prof. Dr. Wan Rohani Wan Taib","doi":"10.37231/ajmb.2023.1.s.729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/ajmb.2023.1.s.729","url":null,"abstract":"Editorial message from Dean, Faculty of Health Sciences","PeriodicalId":189900,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Biomedicine","volume":"2019 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139159844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recognition of Phosphatidylserine Externalisation on Human Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia (K562) Cells Induced by Chrysanthemum morifolium Methanol Extract","authors":"Wan Nurfarahin Wan Osman","doi":"10.37231/ajmb.2023.1.s.681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/ajmb.2023.1.s.681","url":null,"abstract":"Chrysanthemum morifolium is one of the common plants used in traditional Chinese herbal medicine and currently being discovered as an invaluable source for treatment of cancerous diseases. Conventional approach to leukaemia treatment such as chemotherapeutic agents results in good overall survival (OS) in patients but issues of multi-drug resistance (MDR) and disease heterogeneity can make chemotherapy less effective. Thus there is a constant need for alternative therapeutic strategy such as developing new anti-cancer drug from natural products. The present study is carried out mainly to detect phosphatidylserine externalisation as an apoptosis indicator on human chronic myeloid leukaemia (K562) cells induced by Chrysanthemum morifolium methanol extract.  K562 cells were treated with indicated IC50 values of bud and flower methanol crude extracts for 24 hours. Phase contrast microscope was used to observe morphological changes in K562 cells post-treatment. Annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis assay via flow cytometry was done to investigate apoptosis phenomena by detecting phosphatidylserine (PS) externalisation in treated K562 cells. Morphological observations using phase contrast microscopy showed distinct apoptotic characteristics in K562 cells treated with both bud and flower methanol extracts. Annexin V-FITC/PI assay demonstrated a significantly high apoptotic cell population and apoptotic rate (p <0.05) in treated K562 cells compared to control cells. The study outcomes presented promising anti-cancer ability for Chrysanthemum morifolium.","PeriodicalId":189900,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Biomedicine","volume":"2003 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139160237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protein C Deficiency with Recurrent Deep Vein Thrombosis Complicated with Post Thrombotic Syndrome- A Case Report and Mini Review","authors":"N. H. Mohd Noor, Nurul Asyikin Nizam Akhbar, S. Iberahim, Mohd Nazri Hassan, Z. Zulkafli, Marne Abdullah, M. Ramli, R. Bahar, Shafini Mohamed yusof, M. Zahidin, Wan Suriana Wan abdul rahman, Tengku Muzaffar Tengku mohamed shihabudin, Nor Hamdan Fakru","doi":"10.37231/ajmb.2023.7.2.610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/ajmb.2023.7.2.610","url":null,"abstract":"Protein C is a vitamin K dependent glycoprotein produced by the liver.  Protein C acts as a naturally occurring anticoagulant and its deficiency, predisposes the individual to a state of thrombosis, particularly venous thromboembolism. Post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) is a chronic venous insufficiency manifestation following an episode of deep-vein thrombosis (DVT). We presented a case of 56 year old Malay man who was diagnosed with Protein C deficiency and presented with recurrent DVT complicated with PTS.","PeriodicalId":189900,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Biomedicine","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139315920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}