Nanoscience & Nanotechnology-Asia最新文献

{"title":"Meet Our Frontiers Section Editor","authors":"A. Thakur","doi":"10.2174/221068120902190625142635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/221068120902190625142635","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18979,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscience & Nanotechnology-Asia","volume":"153 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84984938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formation of the Self-assembled Multilayers Containing the Temperature/ pH Dual-responsive Microgels","authors":"Gang Liu, Chunlin Liu, Yuyuan Chen, Shuai Qin, Su Yang, Dun Wu, H. Xi, Zheng Cao","doi":"10.2174/2210681208666180416154332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210681208666180416154332","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Background: Stimuli-responsive microgels have attracted extensive investigations due to their\u0000potential applications in drug delivery, catalysis, and sensor technology. The self-assembled mcirogel\u0000films can contain different functional groups (e.g., -COOH, -NH2, -C=ONH2) to interact with specific\u0000molecules and ions in water, and their study is becoming increasingly important for developing both absorbent\u0000materials and sensor coatings. This paper is aimed to obtain a better understanding of the LbL\u0000multilayer formation of microgels and the branched PEI using the mass sensitive QCM. Additionally the\u0000influence of the temperature and pH on the formation of the microgel films can be achieved.\u0000\u0000Methods: The temperature and pH sensitive P(NIPAM-co-AA-co-TMSPMA) microgels were prepared by\u0000surfactant-free emulsion polymerization and confirmed by FT-IR, laser particle size analysis, and SEM.\u0000The obtained microgel and PEI were further used to prepare multilayer thin films by the LbL self-assembly\u0000technique monitored by QCM, and their morphology and hydrophilic properties were determined by AFM\u0000and water contact angle measurements.\u0000\u0000Results: The thermosensitive and pH sensitive P(NIPAM-co-AA-co-TMSPMA) microgels were prepared\u0000by surfactant-free emulsion polymerization. The size and swelling properties of the microgels prepared are\u0000highly dependent on the preparation conditions such as the AA and crosslinker content, and microgels\u0000showed good temperature and pH responsive properties. SEM images showed that microgels dispersed\u0000evenly on the substrate and had a uniform particle size distribution, which was consistent with the light particle\u0000size analysis results. Furthermore, multilayer films composed of the negatively charged microgels and\u0000the positively charged PEI have been built up by a facile LbL assembly method and the influence of the\u0000deposition conditions on their formation was monitored in real time by QCM. Compared to the temperature\u0000of 25 °C, the high temperature of 35°C above the phase transition temperature leads to the more adsorbed\u0000mass of microgels on the gold surface of QCM sensors. The absorbed mass values at the deposition\u0000pH 7 and 10 are 9.82 and 7.28 µg cm-2, respectively, which are much higher than 1.51 µg cm-2 of the layers\u0000deposited at pH 4. The water contact angle and AFM both confirmed the wettability properties and morphology\u0000of multilayers on the gold surface of QCM sensors.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: The formation of the multilayer films on the gold surface by the layer-by-layer deposition\u0000technique of the negatively charged microgels and the oppositely charged PEI can be achieved. The\u0000controllable multilayer formation can be attributed to the size difference, changes in the hydrophilic\u0000property and surface charge density of microgels responsive to the external temperature and pH.\u0000","PeriodicalId":18979,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscience & Nanotechnology-Asia","volume":"175 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76910313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple Quantum Barrier Nano-avalanche Photodiodes - Part III: Time and Frequency Responses","authors":"Somrita Ghosh, A. Acharyya","doi":"10.2174/2210681208666180813122642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210681208666180813122642","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The time and frequency responses of Multiple Quantum Barrier (MQB)\u0000nano-scale Avalanche Photodiodes (APDs) based on Si~3C-SiC material system have been investigated\u0000in this final part.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000 A very narrow rectangular pulse of pulse-width of 0.4 ps has been used as the input optical\u0000pulse having 850 nm wavelength incidents on the p+-side of the MQB APD structures and corresponding\u0000current responses have been calculated by using a simulation method developed by the\u0000authors.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Finally the frequency responses of the devices are obtained via the Fourier transform of\u0000the corresponding pulse current responses in time domain.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Simulation results show that MQB nano-APDs possess significantly faster time response\u0000and wider frequency response as compared to the flat Si nano-APDs under similar operating\u0000conditions.\u0000","PeriodicalId":18979,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscience & Nanotechnology-Asia","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74965782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On-chip Mixing, Pumping and Concentrating Effects by Using AC Electrothermal Flow","authors":"R. H. Vafaie","doi":"10.2174/2210681208666180321142455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210681208666180321142455","url":null,"abstract":"Microfluidic manipulation (including: pumping, mixing and concentrating effects) is highly challengeable for bioengineering and on-chip analysis applications such as point-of-care immune-detection systems. In this research we propose a configurable electrode structure to form various manipulation effects including pumping, mixing and concentrating processes by applying an Alternate Current (AC) electrokinetically-driven flow.By applying an inhomogeneous electric field causes temperature rise accompanied by temperature gradients generation inside the microchannel. As a result, an AC electrothermal flow generates inside the channel, which is efficient to generate mixing, pumping and concentrating effects.The proposed system is studied numerically by Finite-Element-Method, Based on the results, a) bulk fluid velocity of 100 µm/s is achieved by exciting the electrodes in pumping mode, b) complete mixing efficiency is observed in mixing mode, c) for antibody-antigen binding process (concentrating mode), the surface reaction increases by the factor of 9 after 5 seconds of sample loading. Results reveal that the system is highly efficient for bio-fluid mediums.AC electrothermal fluid manipulation process was investigated numerically inside a microchannel for biological buffers. Back and forth fluid motions, clockwise/counter-clockwise rotational vortexes and also antibody-antigen linking enhancement were achieved by engineering the specific electrode patterns. The manipulation efficiency improves by increasing both the amplitude of electric potential and the ionic strength of biofluid. As a result, our proposed configurable device is of interest for onchip immunoassays and point-of-care devices.","PeriodicalId":18979,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscience & Nanotechnology-Asia","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75763726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization and Evaluation of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Prepared Using Hydrogel Template Based on Phosphonate Alginate","authors":"T. Tamer, W. Abou-Taleb, G. D. Roston, M. S. Mohyeldin, A. Omer, E. F. Shehata","doi":"10.2174/2210681207666170907154359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210681207666170907154359","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Currently, the use of nano-sorbent for the aqueous heavy metals removal is\u0000popular among researchers.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000 In this study, iron oxide nanoparticles were developed as a promising adsorbent for Cr (VI)\u0000removal from its aqueous solution. Simple template surface method based on phosphonated alginate\u0000biopolymer was employed for the nanoparticles preparation. Different physical characterization tools\u0000such as FT-IR, SEM, TEM, XRD and magnetic properties were applied to investigate the physicochemical\u0000character of the developed nanoparticles. Batch experiments were used to study the applicability\u0000of iron oxide nanoparticles for Cr (VI) removal from aqueous solutions under different preparation\u0000conditions. The effects of initial Cr (VI) concentration, pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time and\u0000temperature on the removal process were also optimized. Results indicate that the removal efficiency\u0000of Cr (VI) increased from 14.44% to 67.85% with increasing iron oxide nanoparticles dosage from\u00000.025g to 0.3g. Furthermore, the removal percent rose from 39.11% to 56.04% by increasing the environmental\u0000temperature up to 50°C. While it decreased with increasing initial concentration of Cr (VI).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The best results of removal were recorded at pH=2.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Overall, the obtained results indicate that the developed iron oxide nanoparticles could be\u0000effectively used as adsorbents for removal of Cr (VI) from aqueous solutions.\u0000","PeriodicalId":18979,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscience & Nanotechnology-Asia","volume":"2016 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86618039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On Certain Counting Polynomial of Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes","authors":"S. Prabhu, M. Arulperumjothi, G. Murugan, V. M. Dhinesh, J. P. Kumar","doi":"10.2174/2210681208666180322120144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210681208666180322120144","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000 In 1936, Polya introduced the concept of a counting polynomial in chemistry.\u0000However, the subject established little attention from chemists for some decades even though the spectra\u0000of the characteristic polynomial of graphs were considered extensively by numerical means in order\u0000to obtain the molecular orbitals of unsaturated hydrocarbons. Counting polynomial is a sequence representation\u0000of a topological stuff so that the exponents precise the magnitude of its partitions while the coefficients\u0000are correlated to the occurrence of these partitions. Counting polynomials play a vital role in\u0000topological description of bipartite structures as well as counts of equidistant and non-equidistant edges\u0000in graphs. Omega, Sadhana, PI polynomials are wide examples of counting polynomials.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000 Mathematical chemistry is a division of abstract chemistry in which we debate and forecast\u0000the chemical structure by using mathematical models. Chemical graph theory is a subdivision of mathematical\u0000chemistry in which the structure of a chemical compound can be embodied by a labelled graph\u0000whose vertices are atoms and edges are covalent bonds between the atoms. We use graph theoretic\u0000technique in finding the counting polynomials of TiO2 nanotubes.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Let ! be the molecular graph of TiO2. Then (!, !) = !!10!!+8!−2!−2 + (2! +1) !10!!+8!−2! + 2(! +\u00001)10!!+8!−2\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In this paper, the omega, Sadhana and PI counting polynomials are studied. These polynomials\u0000are useful in determining the omega, Sadhana and PI topological indices which play an important role in\u0000studies of Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) and Quantitative structure-property relationship\u0000(QSPR) which are used to predict the biological activities and properties of chemical compounds.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000These counting polynomials play an important role in topological description of bipartite\u0000structures as well as counts equidistance and non-equidistance edges in graphs. Computing distancecounting\u0000polynomial is under investigation.\u0000","PeriodicalId":18979,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscience & Nanotechnology-Asia","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85578003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"C2F: Coarse-to-Fine Vision Control System for Automated Microassembly","authors":"Shashank Tripathi, D. Jain, H. Sharma","doi":"10.2174/2210681208666180119143039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210681208666180119143039","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000In this paper, authors present the development of a completely automated system\u0000to perform 3D micromanipulation and microassembly tasks. The microassembly workstation consists\u0000of a 3 degree-of-freedom (DOF) MM3A® micromanipulator arm attached to a microgripper, two 2\u0000DOF PI® linear micromotion stages, one optical microscope coupled with a CCD image sensor, and two\u0000CMOS cameras for coarse vision.\u0000\u0000\u0000The whole control strategy is subdivided into sequential vision based routines: manipulator\u0000detection and coarse alignment, autofocus and fine alignment of microgripper, target object detection,\u0000and performing the required assembly tasks. A section comparing various objective functions useful in\u0000the autofocusing regime is included.\u0000\u0000\u0000The control system is built entirely in the image frame, eliminating the need for system calibration,\u0000hence improving speed of operation. A micromanipulation experiment performing pick-and-place\u0000of a micromesh is illustrated.\u0000\u0000\u0000 This demonstrates a three-fold reduction in setup and run time for fundamental micromanipulation\u0000tasks, as compared to manual operation. Accuracy, repeatability and reliability of the programmed\u0000system is analyzed.","PeriodicalId":18979,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscience & Nanotechnology-Asia","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82265729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nano-formulations for Diagnostics and Therapeutics of Foot-and-Mouth Disease in Animals","authors":"T. A. Sironmani","doi":"10.2174/2210681208666180329152036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210681208666180329152036","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is caused by a virus of the genus Aphthovirus,\u0000family Picornaviridae which includes several members of medical importance, Multiple subtypes or antigenic\u0000variants within each serotype, which make the vaccine from one serotype does not confer protection\u0000against the other serotype.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Green synthesized silver nanoparticles were functionalized with FMDV antigen /antibody.\u0000The functionalized silver nanoparticles were characterized by UV -Visible spectrophotometer, Fluorescence\u0000Spectrophotometer etc. Immunomodulation study, efficacy and toxicity tests on the final product\u0000were carried out.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The protein profile after immunoprecipitation with AntiFMD antibody analysed on a 12.5%\u0000SDS-PAGE which corresponded to the viral proteins. The western blot analysis confirmed the same pattern.\u0000When the infected mice were treated with functionalised silver nanoparticles, all mice were\u0000recovered from the disease within 12 hrs. The field trial of these nanoformulations showed 100%\u0000recovery of the animals with minimum neutralizing antibody without any other physiological problems.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Surface modification of silver nanoparticles can create multifunctional materials with potential\u0000applications. Nanoformulations developed by functionalizing whole FMD viral protein /antibody\u0000with that of silver nanoparticles, elicite an optimal immuno-protective response and as diagnostic agent\u0000against foot and mouth disease causing virus The easy method of preparation of nanoparticle, the flexibility\u0000of functionalization techniques, long shelf life without cold chain protection and minimum single\u0000low dosage reveals the feasibility of this nanoformulation applications ranging from prophylactic vaccines,\u0000diagnostics, therapy for all infections leading to autoimmune diseases.\u0000","PeriodicalId":18979,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscience & Nanotechnology-Asia","volume":"199 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78777498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanohybrids of Dendrimers and Carbon Nanotubes: A Benefaction or Forfeit in Drug Delivery?","authors":"K. Jain","doi":"10.2174/2210681208666171204163622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210681208666171204163622","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000 Nanomaterials are emerging as a fascinating delivery systems being explored\u0000for the delivery of different bioactives including drug, diagnostic agents and genetic materials\u0000etc. Among these nanomaterials dendrimers and Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) are being investigated\u0000for various biomedical applications. Although both of these nanomaterials have shown great\u0000potential in drug delivery yet their promising clinical applications are still suspected due to problems\u0000like toxicity, dispersibility etc. Scientists have been investigating the potential of nanohybrids\u0000comprising of dendrimers and nanotubes for biomedical applications. Few reports are also available\u0000on the toxicological profile of CNTs and dendrimers nanohybrids.\u0000\u0000\u0000 The results of these investigations suggest two possibilities, first, hybrids of CNTs\u0000and dendrimers could suppress each other’s demerits while synergizing the potentials; second, prospective\u0000toxicity of nanohybrids on which different reports have discrimination in results. Future\u0000biomedical applications of CNTs-dendrimers nanohybrids require a thorough investigation on their\u0000toxicity and biological interactions.","PeriodicalId":18979,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscience & Nanotechnology-Asia","volume":"102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82452227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phase Transitions in Nanocomposites Obtained by Introducing KNO3 into the Pores of Nanosized Al2O3 Films","authors":"A. Milinskiy, S. Baryshnikov","doi":"10.2174/2210681208666180403112631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210681208666180403112631","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000 Comparative studies of phase transitions in nanocomposites on the base of\u0000KNO3 and Al2O3 films with pores of 240 and 45 nm were carried out.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000 The temperature dependences of the linear dielectric constant and the amplitude of the\u0000third harmonic were measured. The measurements were carried out in the heating and cooling regime\u0000in the range from room temperature to 463 K. Anomalies, corresponding to structural phase\u0000transitions, were observed.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000 A considerable expansion of the temperature range of the potassium nitrate\u0000ferroelectric phase III was observed upon cooling, which increased with decreasing pore size of the\u0000Al2O3 films. The structural transition upon heating from phase II to phase I for nanocomposites\u0000with a pore size of 45 nm shifted relative to the transition in bulk KNO3 by 2 K toward high temperatures,\u0000whereas the temperature change for the sample in the Al2O3 film with pores of 240 nm\u0000did not occur.\u0000","PeriodicalId":18979,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscience & Nanotechnology-Asia","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86352669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}