National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology最新文献

{"title":"Comparative study of blackboard presentation and PowerPoint presentation in student’s seminar","authors":"A. Lagare, Babaso Mali, Anita P Mandare, Kedar Kulkarni","doi":"10.5455/njppp.2023.13.01049202315022023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/njppp.2023.13.01049202315022023","url":null,"abstract":"Background: With the advancement of technology young generation i.e. students are friendlier with the electronic media for communication and understanding the concept. While some students still think that the older method such as use of blackboard is the better way for understanding or explains the concept. There are various studies were conducted to understand the perception of students regarding various teaching and learning media in overall curriculum but very few are conducted in students led seminar. Aim and Objectives: To compare the perception of students to the blackboard presentation and to the power point presentation in students led seminar. Material and Methods: A pre-designed, pretested self-administered questionnaire was prepared regarding perception of students on blackboard and PowerPoint presentation in learning process. Total 15 parameters were included in the questionnaire. Results: In this study 54% of students prefer the PowerPoint presentation (PPT) over the blackboard presentation (46%) as the best teaching method in the seminar. With the PPT presentation better demonstrations of clinical conditions and important points can be recalled during summarization of the topic. Blackboard teaching stimulates the interest and more stress on important point is given. Students and presenter’s interaction is better in Blackboard presentation. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that seminar delivered using PPT was more appreciated and preferred by the students.","PeriodicalId":18969,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75895806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of antinociceptive activity of minocycline in Swiss albino mice","authors":"Nithyapriya Manoharan, Madhan L, Sanu Sain, M. R","doi":"10.5455/njppp.2023.13.03155202318042023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/njppp.2023.13.03155202318042023","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In an array of clinical diseases, pain management becomes increasingly complicated. The stimulation of glial cells and associations between neuroglial cells are emerging as being part of the primary mechanisms of pain. It has been observed that the tetracycline antibiotic minocycline inhibits microglial activation and thereby decreases nociception. Aims and Objectives: The primary purpose of this study is to assess and compare the antinociceptive activity of minocycline with that of the conventional analgesic tramadol in Swiss albino mice. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four Swiss albino mice in total were allocated into four groups, each including six mice. Using Eddy’s hot plate plus tail-flick procedure, the analgesic effects of tablet minocycline 5 mg/kg and tablet minocycline dose 10 mg/kg were assessed and compared to those of tramadol. Recordings of reaction time observations are made both before and after the administration of drugs. Results of a statistical analysis were obtained. Results: Results of our study showed that in the tail-flick plus hot plate procedures, minocycline in doses of 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg had a significant (P < 0.05) antinociceptive effect in Swiss albino mice. However, the antinociceptive effect of minocycline is more when compared to distilled water, and is less when compared to standard analgesic tramadol. Conclusion: Minocycline showed significant antinociceptive activity in both doses in Swiss albino mice.","PeriodicalId":18969,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology","volume":"162 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77540985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Background cardiovascular risk factors in patients of metastatic prostate cancer on androgen deprivation therapy: A retrospective observational study from a tertiary care hospital of Eastern India","authors":"K. Chatterjee, M. Das, Jeaul Hoque, Saikat Bhowal, Udita Basak, Debasish Hembram","doi":"10.5455/njppp.2023.13.02082202328022023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/njppp.2023.13.02082202328022023","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is indispensable part of treatment for metastatic prostate cancer (MPC) patients. There is documented association between ADT and adverse cardiovascular (CV) events, with variability between the different modes. However, there is dearth of evidence on the background CV risk factors of these group of patients at diagnosis. Aims and Objectives: We envisaged this retrospective observational study in the department of oncology to document the background CV risk factors of MPC patients at diagnosis, to help us better select the available ADTs based on their CV risks. Materials and Methods: Over a period of 2 years, all patients registered for treatment with a diagnosis of MPC, indicated for ADT, and available detailed history and background cardiological evaluation at presentation, were included in the study. As indirect indicators of CV risks, history of smoking, presence and treatment of dyslipidemia, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), were documented. As direct indicators of CV risks, presence and treatment of hypertension, ischemic heart disease (IHD), congestive cardiac failure (CCF), ECG, and echocardiography changes suggesting cardiac morbidity were documented and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods. Results: Indirect indicators: dyslipidemia, habit of smoking, and T2DM were found in 74%, 29.3%, and 13.3% patients, respectively. Direct indicators: Presence of hypertension, IHD, CCF, abnormalities in ECG, and echocardiography were found in 38.7%, 10.6%, 4%, 28%, and 34.6% patients, respectively. ST-T changes on ECG, low EF, and IHD on echocardiography were seen in 28.5%, 23%, and 26.9%, respectively. Conclusions: MPC patients have a substantial pre-existing CV risk at diagnosis. Our findings warrant a meticulous screening of all MPC patients for CV risk factors, to help in judicious selection of their ADT.","PeriodicalId":18969,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77715361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of pulmonary function test between pre-ovulatory and post-ovulatory phases of menstrual cycle","authors":"S. Naik, S. Nath, Soumya Swagatika, B. Rath, Mamata Pandey","doi":"10.5455/njppp.2023.13.07339202315072023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/njppp.2023.13.07339202315072023","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The menstrual cycle is an important event in a woman’s life. The cyclical hormonal changes affect not only her reproductive system, but also the other systems in her body. Aims and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to see if there were any differences in pulmonary function parameters between the pre- and post-ovulatory phases of the menstrual cycle. Materials and Methods: The healthy subjects in their reproductive years were chosen. Pulmonary function tests done by computerized spirometer in both pre- and post-ovulatory phases of the subjects and compared. The data were collected, statistically analyzed, and conclusions were drawn. Results: There was a statistically significant increase in the value of forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1st s peak expiratory flow rate, and forced expiratory flow (25–75%) in post-ovulatory phase as compared to pre-ovulatory phase. Conclusions: The results obtained could be due to progesterone’s action as a bronchodilator. It improves individual’s ventilatory capacity by relaxing the smooth muscle lining the bronchial walls. Furthermore, the current study may have practical relevance in advising clinicians to supplement progesterone hormones to females suffering from lung diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.","PeriodicalId":18969,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology","volume":"114 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80084812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of awareness, acceptability, and clinical outcome of postpartum vaginal insertion and intra-cesarean insertion of intrauterine contraceptive device","authors":"Shilpa Gupta, K. Modi, Latika Maheta","doi":"10.5455/njppp.2023.13.10478202214112022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/njppp.2023.13.10478202214112022","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Post-placental and intra-cesarean insertion of intrauterine contraceptive devices (PPIUCD) is a lucrative family planning method which provides safe, effective reversible, inexpensive, non-hormonal, and long-acting contraception. Aims and Objectives: The objective of the study is to evaluate the postpartum insertion of intrauterine contraceptive device in terms of awareness, acceptance, safety, efficacy, continuation, and removal rate and its complications in both vaginal as well as intra-cesarean section (CS) insertion. Materials and Methods: Prospective observational study conducted in Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department GMERS sola for 6 months. Two thousand and ninety-four pregnant women from labor room who delivered vaginally or by CS during study period were asked regarding their knowledge and acceptability for PPIUCD. Results: Total 2094 women evaluated for awareness and acceptance for PPIUCD. About 68.66% were familiar with the concept with 29.99% giving verbal consent for its insertion. About 60.01% women refused for various reasons. Conclusion: This study shows that PPIUCD insertion is a safe and convenient method which requires more population awareness, counseling, and usage.","PeriodicalId":18969,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80387773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of life in children with cerebral palsy","authors":"Nalina Nanjundappa, Pushpa Krishna, Sujaya B, Ritu Ghosh, T. K","doi":"10.5455/njppp.2023.13.04227202302052023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/njppp.2023.13.04227202302052023","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common motor disability in childhood. Quality of life (QOL) has emerged as an important concept in childhood, especially for children with disabilities. CP has an impact on a child’s capacity to do activities of daily living thus affecting QOL of patients and their families. Aims and Objectives: The objective of present study was to assess the QOL in children with CP. Materials and Methods: In this study, 29 children with CP in the age group of 4–12 years were evaluated for QOL was assessed using CPQOL-Child Primary Caregiver Questionnaire (4–12 years). The questionnaire was completed by one of the parents or their caregiver. Scores for each domain of QOL were converted to a scale ranging from 0 to 100 and analyzed. Results: The scores as reported by the parents were low for each of the domains with maximum effect seen in functioning domain and least in pain domain. Girls had better QOL than boys. The QOL scores were negatively related to the severity of CP which was assessed by gross motor function classification system suggesting that severity of disability had negative impact on QOL. Conclusion: QOL of children with CP was found to be poor and was influenced by age, sex and motor functioning","PeriodicalId":18969,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79490214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is diabetes all about sugars? Perception of community – A pilot study","authors":"Anbumozhi K, Nishaanth K, S. Muddha, Neevedha K","doi":"10.5455/njppp.2023.13.03162202313072023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/njppp.2023.13.03162202313072023","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A major chronic health concern that affects the majority of people globally is diabetes mellitus (DM). The goal of diabetic dietary knowledge (DDK) and dietary restrictions is to improve quality of life and avoid further diseases that occur as a result of diabetes. Aim and Objective: This study was designed to study the effect of DDK in DM patients at Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital in Chromepet, Chennai, using questionnaires about a healthy diet. Materials and Methods: A total of 150 persons were selected randomly in which 58% of them were men and 42% were women. The majority of the patients ranged from 50 to 60 years. They were questioned about their dietary habits, adherence to the restrictions, and glycemic control. Results: The finding that 102 (68%) individuals had type II diabetes indicates a high prevalence of DM. 100% of the patients were aware that vegetables are beneficial, and 71 (69%) identified sprouts as a healthy food. Sugar-free meals and salty biscuits/crackers were chosen by 66 (64.7%) and 64 (62.7%), respectively. 50 (49%) of patients admitted honey is dangerous for diabetics and should be avoided. Only 35 patients (34%) actually adhered to the meal restrictions, whereas 67 patients (65%) claimed not to. When patient case records were evaluated to see how well their diabetes was handled, it was determined that only 49 (48%) of the patients had diabetes under control and 53 (52%) had it out of control. Conclusion: There was no evident association between DDK and glycemic control. It is entirely dependent on adhering to dietary restrictions, which can only be accomplished by self-motivation. It is critical to incorporate nutrition into prescriptions through counseling and specialist therapy.","PeriodicalId":18969,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84504819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative efficacy of polyethylene glycol 3350 and psyllium in treatment of pediatric functional constipation: A randomized and controlled trial","authors":"Utsav Shinghal, P. Kaundal, Shruti Sharma","doi":"10.5455/njppp.2023.13.05290202305062023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/njppp.2023.13.05290202305062023","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Functional constipation (FC) is a common childhood problem worldwide. At present, polyethylene glycol (PEG) is considered as standard therapy in pediatric FC patients. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of PEG 3350 versus psyllium in treatment of pediatric FC. Materials and Methods: All children (aged >1 year) diagnosed with FC according to Rome IV criteria and presenting to the outpatient department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Unit of a tertiary health center in North Indian Himalayan state were randomized into two open label, prospective, parallel groups, namely, Group A (receiving PEG 3350) and Group B (receiving psyllium), over a period of 16 months. The comparative efficacy was evaluated by comparing the percent of patients with successful outcomes in two groups at 4, 8, and 12 weeks of therapy and the rate of recurrence of impaction in two groups was also assessed and compared over same period. Results: Eighty-one patients were randomized into two groups. A significantly higher number of patients in Group A was successfully treated after 4 weeks (Group A 68.3% vs. Group B 42.5%; P = 0.026), 8 weeks (Group A 80.0% vs. Group B 57.9%; P = 0.049), and 12 weeks (Group A 92.3% vs. Group B 67.6%; P = 0.009) of treatment compared with Group B. Impaction recurred in two patients in Group B while no recurrence was observed in any of the Group A patients but the difference observed was not statistically significant (P = 0.494). No significant adverse events were reported in either groups. Conclusion: PEG 3350 was found to be significantly more effective than psyllium in improving the symptoms of constipation in pediatric patients.","PeriodicalId":18969,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology","volume":"09 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86020974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes of biochemical profile of tribal pediatric patients with acute viral hepatitis A at the time of admission - a cross-sectional study","authors":"S. Chatterjee, Bhaskar Chowdhury, Utsav Das","doi":"10.5455/njppp.2023.13.04169202308042023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/njppp.2023.13.04169202308042023","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hepatitis A is a self-limited liver disease which can produce a significant cause of morbidity in parts of the world in pediatric population with low socioeconomic background. Hepatitis A can cause significant changes in liver functions changing its parameters. Aims and Objectives: The aim and objective of the study are to determine the biochemical changes in viral hepatitis A in tribal pediatric patients at the time of admission. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in Deben Mahata Government Medical College and Hospital, Purulia, on confirmed newly diagnosed 100 hepatitis A tribal patients over a period of 12 months. Serum total and direct bilirubin, ALT, AST, alkaline phosphatase, total protein, and albumin were measured and data obtained were analyzed using appropriate statistical method. Results: Data collected from total hepatitis A patients were analyzed. Overall, 53% were male. 71% patients out of 100 presented with serum direct bilirubin level between 0.5 and 2.0 mg/dL and only 4 had more than 4.0 mg/dL. More than 5-fold rise in ALT and AST were seen in 75% and 82% cases, respectively. More than 1000U/L of ALT and AST were seen in 3 cases (3%) and 2 cases (2%), respectively. Among study population, alkaline phosphatase was elevated in 24% cases and 14% cases had hypoproteinemia. Nine cases admitted with raised blood urea level and one case with raised creatinine level. Conclusion: Hepatitis A produces alteration of the parameters of liver function.","PeriodicalId":18969,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76907256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of obesity on cardiovascular sympathetic parameters: A comparative study","authors":"M. Agrawala, S. Naik, Shehin M, B. Rath","doi":"10.5455/njppp.2023.13.01027202323012023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/njppp.2023.13.01027202323012023","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Obesity is a global health burden. Accumulation of fat in body is associated with cardiovascular abnormalities. It is the need of the hour to conduct various autonomic function tests among obese subjects and create awareness of the drawback of obesity as it is a reversible lifestyle disorder. Aim and Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the autonomic cardiovascular parameters in obese adult males and females and compare the result with controls. Materials and Methods: Sympathetic cardiovascular parameters of both healthy obese and non-obese subjects were compared and correlated in a tertiary medical college and hospital. Criteria for obesity were according to the WHO criteria of body mass index. The tests were carried out with Mercury Sphygmomanometer. The data were collected; statistically analyzed and valid conclusions were drawn. Results: The baseline diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and the change in DBP after isometric exercise and cold pressure test when compared between obese and non-obese subjects found to be significant. Conclusions: Obesity by causing instability in autonomic function makes disorder in cardiovascular system which may lead to disease like hypertension in later life.","PeriodicalId":18969,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80848049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}