Nature Photonics最新文献

{"title":"Organic permeable base transistors for high-performance photodetection with photo-memory effect","authors":"Jonas Schröder, Amric Bonil, Louis Conrad Winkler, Jan Frede, Ghader Darbandy, Juan Wang, Karl Leo, Hans Kleemann, Johannes Benduhn","doi":"10.1038/s41566-025-01740-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-025-01740-y","url":null,"abstract":"Organic semiconductor phototransistors have attracted remarkable academic and industry interest owing to their potential for applications in optoelectronic devices and for enhancing the performance of image sensors. Thanks to their high responsivity, typically attributed to substantial photoconductive gain mechanisms, these devices are well suited for detecting weak light. Here we introduce organic permeable base transistors as memory phototransistors, achieving high responsivity and detectivity. By leveraging the unique structure of organic permeable base transistors and conducting a detailed investigation into the underlying charge-storing mechanism, we achieve responsivity values as high as 109 A W−1, detectivity of 1015 Jones between 300 nm and 500 nm, and retention times exceeding 105 s. The excellent performance can be attributed to a charge carrier trapping process at the porous base electrode, as confirmed through comprehensive electrical and optical characterizations and technology computer-aided design (TCAD) simulations. These findings illustrate the potential of our organic permeable base transistors for sensitive photodetection applications, thereby paving the way for advancements in low-light imaging. Organic permeable base transistors featuring a porous aluminium electrode within the semiconductor channel enable high photo-gain and charge storage simultaneously. The transistors achieve retention times beyond 10.000 s while operating at less than 2 V with responsivity as high as 109 A W−1.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":"19 10","pages":"1088-1098"},"PeriodicalIF":32.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145035569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrically triggered spin–photon devices in silicon","authors":"Michael Dobinson, Camille Bowness, Simon A. Meynell, Camille Chartrand, Elianor Hoffmann, Melanie Gascoine, Iain MacGilp, Francis Afzal, Christian Dangel, Navid Jahed, Michael L. W. Thewalt, Stephanie Simmons, Daniel B. Higginbottom","doi":"10.1038/s41566-025-01752-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-025-01752-8","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum networking and computing technologies demand scalable hardware with high-speed control for large systems of quantum devices. Solid-state platforms have emerged as promising candidates, offering scalable fabrication for a wide range of qubits. Architectures based on spin–photon interfaces allow for highly connected quantum networks over photonic links, enabling entanglement distribution for quantum networking and distributed quantum computing protocols. With the potential to address these demands, optically active spin defects in silicon are one proposed platform for building quantum technologies. Here we electrically excite the silicon T centre in integrated optoelectronic devices that combine nanophotonic waveguides and cavities with p–i–n diodes. We observe single-photon electroluminescence from a cavity-coupled T centre with g(2)(0) = 0.05(2). Further, we use the electrically triggered emission to herald the electron spin state, initializing it with 92(8)% post-selected fidelity. This shows electrically injected single-photon emission from a silicon colour centre and a new method of heralded spin initialization with electrical excitation. These findings present a new telecommunications-band light source for silicon and a highly parallel control method for T centre quantum processors, advancing the T centre as a versatile defect for scalable quantum technologies. Two types of on-chip silicon device utilizing silicon T centres are developed: an O-band light-emitting diode and an electrically triggered single-photon source. Further, a new method of spin initialization with electrical excitation is demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":"19 10","pages":"1132-1137"},"PeriodicalIF":32.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145031885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water-induced high-performance quantum-dot light-emitting diodes","authors":"Wangxiao Jin, Siyu He, Xiuyuan Lu, Xitong Zhu, Dijiong Liu, Guolong Sun, Yanlei Hao, Zuyan Chen, Chenyang Wang, Jiejun Zeng, Zhi Zheng, Xiaolin Yan, Yiran Yan, Longjia Wu, Xiongfeng Lin, Wenjun Hou, Weiran Cao, Chuan Liu, Xiaoci Liang, Yuan Gao, Yunzhou Deng, Kaisheng Cao, Yingguo Yang, Feng Gao, Yizheng Jin","doi":"10.1038/s41566-025-01757-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41566-025-01757-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Solution-processed light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are appealing for their potential in the low-cost fabrication of large-area devices. However, the limited performance of solution-processed blue LEDs, particularly their short operation lifetime, is hindering their practical use in display technologies. Here we demonstrate that trace water in the device—previously considered detrimental to most solution-processed LEDs—dramatically enhances the performance of quantum-dot LEDs. This breakthrough stems from our comprehensive mechanism investigations into the positive aging phenomenon, a long-standing puzzle in the quantum-dot LED field. Our findings reveal that water passivation on the surface of electron-transporting layers, which are composed of zinc-oxide-based nanoparticles, improves charge transport and enhances exciton radiative recombination by suppressing hole leakage during device operation. Combined with the advanced top-emitting architecture, our blue quantum-dot LEDs achieve a high current efficiency of 37.1 cd A⁻¹, a blue index (colour-coordinate-corrected current efficiency) of over 490 cd A⁻¹ <span>({{rm{CIE}}}_{y}^{-1})</span> and unprecedented stability, with an extrapolated <i>T</i>₉₅ lifetime (at an initial brightness of 1,000 cd m⁻²) of 287 h. Our work may inspire further exploration into surface passivation of nanocrystalline functional layers, critical for the advancement of emerging solution-processed optoelectronic and electronic devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":35.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145025806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multispectral live-cell imaging with uncompromised spatiotemporal resolution","authors":"Akaash Kumar,&nbsp;Kerrie E. McNally,&nbsp;Yuexuan Zhang,&nbsp;Alex Haslett-Saunders,&nbsp;Xinru Wang,&nbsp;Jordi Guillem-Marti,&nbsp;David Lee,&nbsp;Buwei Huang,&nbsp;Sjoerd Stallinga,&nbsp;Robert R. Kay,&nbsp;David Baker,&nbsp;Emmanuel Derivery,&nbsp;James D. Manton","doi":"10.1038/s41566-025-01745-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-025-01745-7","url":null,"abstract":"Multispectral imaging is an established method to extend the number of colours usable in fluorescence imaging beyond the typical limit of three or four. However, standard approaches are poorly suited to live-cell imaging owing to the need to separate light into many spectral channels, and unmixing algorithms struggle with low signal-to-noise ratio data. Here we introduce an approach for multispectral imaging in live cells that comprises an iterative spectral unmixing algorithm and eight-channel camera-based image-acquisition hardware. This enables the accurate unmixing of low signal-to-noise ratio datasets captured at video rates, while maintaining diffraction-limited spatial resolution. We use this approach on a commercial spinning-disk confocal microscope and a home-built oblique-plane light-sheet microscope to image one to seven spectrally distinct fluorophore species simultaneously, using both fluorescent protein fusions and small-molecule dyes. We further develop protein-binding proteins (minibinders), labelled with organic fluorophores, and use these in combination with our multispectral imaging approach to study the endosomal trafficking of cell-surface receptors at endogenous levels. A tree-like arrangement of dichroic mirrors and multiple cameras coupled with an iterative spectral unmixing algorithm enables multispectral imaging of live cells in up to eight spectral channels with diffraction-limited spatial resolution and temporal resolution of 0.3 s for imaging a full cell volume.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":"19 10","pages":"1146-1156"},"PeriodicalIF":32.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41566-025-01745-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145009310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical sieve for nanoplastic detection, sizing and counting","authors":"D. Ludescher,&nbsp;L. Wesemann,&nbsp;J. Schwab,&nbsp;J. Karst,&nbsp;S. B. Sulejman,&nbsp;M. Ubl,&nbsp;B. O. Clarke,&nbsp;A. Roberts,&nbsp;H. Giessen,&nbsp;M. Hentschel","doi":"10.1038/s41566-025-01733-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-025-01733-x","url":null,"abstract":"Micro- and nanoplastic particles are ubiquitous environmental pollutants, threatening human health, aquatic and soil ecosystems. These minute synthetic fragments, persisting for centuries, infiltrate the food chain, posing potential health risks through bioaccumulation in various tissues, toxicity and exposure to associated chemicals. Although macro- and microplastics are intensively examined in environmental and biological research, information on nanoplastics with diameters below 1 μm is limited. Such particles can cross biological borders, including the blood–brain barrier, posing a greater health risk than microplastics. Apart from the mere detection of such particles, gaining an understanding of size distribution, numbers and size limits will be crucial in assessing their impact on global ecosystems and human health. Here we establish an optical sieve that uses Mie void resonances for nanoplastic detection and sizing. The optical sieve consists of arrays of optically resonant voids with different diameters that simultaneously serve as filtering and sorting elements, as well as all-optical reporters, requiring only an optical microscope and a standard camera with an RGB sensor in combination with colorimetric analysis. The system is evaluated using a synthesized real-world sample with a plastic particle mass concentration of 150 μg ml−1. Our approach consequently delivers statistical information on numbers, size and size distribution via the observation of distinct colour changes, overcoming the need for advanced techniques such as scanning electron microscopy. The proposed method offers a straightforward, highly accessible and mobile solution, making it an efficient and easily implemented tool for environmental and biological research. An optical sieve—an array of optically resonant voids in gallium arsenide—enables sorting, detecting and counting nanoplastics as small as a few hundreds of nanometres at concentrations as low as 150 μg ml−1 in lake water samples.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":"19 10","pages":"1138-1145"},"PeriodicalIF":32.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145009314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Standardizing the characterization of circularly polarized luminescence of chiral materials","authors":"Haipeng Lu,&nbsp;Lorenzo Di Bari,&nbsp;Ludovic Favereau","doi":"10.1038/s41566-025-01729-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-025-01729-7","url":null,"abstract":"The exciting field of circularly polarized luminescence has motivated researchers to design innovative chiral emitting systems with engineered structural and electronic features, including small organic molecules, inorganic complexes, perovskites and supramolecular and polymeric systems. The common goal is for these materials to interact very differently with left vs. right circularly polarized light, giving them the ability to modulate and transmit the polarization state of a light signal. The measured chiroptical activity is often quantified by the luminescence dissymmetry factor, which has naturally become the key parameter for characterizing the performance of chiral emitters. However, the correct quantification of this factor can be challenging due to the different photophysical processes involved and varying measurement conditions, making it difficult to reliably compare different material designs and devices. Here we offer practical advice and guidelines on measurement conditions and procedures for various classes of material, aiming to enhance the reproducibility and reliability of chiroptical measurements. We hope that these best practices will benefit the community by addressing common challenges related to inconsistencies and standardization. This Perspective offers practical guidelines for the optical characterization of chiral materials, aiming to improve the consistency and reproducibility of experimental results.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":"19 10","pages":"1041-1047"},"PeriodicalIF":32.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145009313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photons learn to classify with a quantum edge","authors":"Nicholas Harris,&nbsp;Darius Bunandar","doi":"10.1038/s41566-025-01748-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-025-01748-4","url":null,"abstract":"The quantum nature of light has been harnessed in a photonic chip to perform machine-learning tasks. For specifically designed problems, the approach outperforms established classical methods.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":"19 9","pages":"911-912"},"PeriodicalIF":32.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144995527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controlling structured light in the extreme ultraviolet range","authors":"G. Sansone","doi":"10.1038/s41566-025-01744-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-025-01744-8","url":null,"abstract":"Shaping the polarization state of ultrashort pulses in the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) range is challenging, owing to the lack of suitable materials for controlling the phase of the radiation. However, an approach using seeded free-electron lasers operating in the XUV wavelength regime now makes it possible to synthesize pulses with spatially dependent polarization states.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":"19 9","pages":"907-908"},"PeriodicalIF":32.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144995529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Taming photons on a chip","authors":"Xiangyu Huang,&nbsp;Na Liu","doi":"10.1038/s41566-025-01734-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-025-01734-w","url":null,"abstract":"The integration of a quantum emitter-embedded metasurface (QEMS) with a microelectromechanical system (MEMS)-actuated cavity enables ångstrom-level wavelength tuning and dynamic polarization-resolved emission. The platform provides a design paradigm for reconfigurable solid-state photon sources.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":"19 9","pages":"909-910"},"PeriodicalIF":32.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144995528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Broadband optical fibre with an attenuation lower than 0.1 decibel per kilometre","authors":"Marco Petrovich, Eric Numkam Fokoua, Yong Chen, Hesham Sakr, Abubakar Isa Adamu, Rosdi Hassan, Dong Wu, Ron Fatobene Ando, Athanasios Papadimopoulos, Seyed Reza Sandoghchi, Gregory Jasion, Francesco Poletti","doi":"10.1038/s41566-025-01747-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41566-025-01747-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A critical component of optical communications is the availability of a suitable waveguide technology for the transport of electromagnetic waves with low loss over a broad spectral range. In the past four decades, despite extensive research, the attenuation and spectral bandwidth of silica-based optical fibres have remained relatively unchanged, with state-of-the-art fibres offering values of 0.14 dB km⁻¹ and 26 THz below 0.2 dB km⁻¹, respectively. Here we report a microstructured optical waveguide with unprecedented transmission bandwidth and attenuation, with a measured loss of 0.091 dB km⁻¹ at 1,550 nm that remains below 0.2 dB km⁻¹ over a window of 66 THz. Instead of a traditional solid glass core, this innovative optical fibre features a core of air surrounded by a meticulously engineered glass microstructure to guide light. This approach not only reduces attenuation and other signal degradation phenomena, but it also increases transmission speeds by 45%. Furthermore, the approach theoretically supports further loss reductions and operation at wavelengths where broader bandwidth amplifiers exist, potentially heralding a new era in long-distance communications as well as remote delivery of laser beams.</p>","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":35.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144928353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}