Nanotoxicology最新文献

{"title":"Protective effects of quercetin on intestinal barrier and cellular viability against silver nanoparticle exposure: insights from an intestinal co-culture model.","authors":"Adelaide Sousa, Angela A M Kämpfer, Roel P F Schins, Félix Carvalho, Eduarda Fernandes, Marisa Freitas","doi":"10.1080/17435390.2025.2450372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17435390.2025.2450372","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The intestinal epithelium plays a pivotal role as a vital barrier between the external environment and the human body, regulating nutrient absorption and preventing the entry of harmful substances. The human oral exposure to silver nanoparticles (AgNP) raises concerns about their potential toxicity, especially at the intestinal level. The objective of this work was to investigate the potential pro-inflammatory effects of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-AgNP of two different sizes, 5 and 50 nm, at the intestinal level, while also assessing the protective ability of quercetin against these effects. To address this, an intestinal co-culture model comprising C2BBe1 cells and THP-1 derived macrophages was established, and the effects of 5 or 50 nm PVP-AgNP were studied, alone or in combination with quercetin, over two-time points, 4 and 24 hours. PVP-AgNP, of both sizes, disrupted the barrier integrity within 4 hours of exposure. However, a notable intensification in pro-inflammatory effects was evident only after 24 hours of exposure, especially with smaller PVP-AgNP (5 nm). This resulted in heightened cellular death, increased levels of reactive species, activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-кB), and production of interleukin (IL)-8. Quercetin demonstrates the ability to maintain barrier integrity and mitigate oxidative stress, thereby offering protection against the detrimental effects induced by AgNP at the intestinal level.</p>","PeriodicalId":18899,"journal":{"name":"Nanotoxicology","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143080675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On how titanium dioxide nanoparticles attenuate the toxicity of mercuric chloride to <i>Artemia salina</i>: investigation of fatty acid composition, oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation.","authors":"Masoumeh Mohammadi, Zahra Ghasemi, Iman Sourinejad","doi":"10.1080/17435390.2025.2452854","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17435390.2025.2452854","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO₂NPs) as an emerging pollutant in aquatic environments can interact with metals reducing or enhancing their toxicity in these environments. This study examined and compared the toxic effects of mercury ions (Hg²⁺ ions) on immobilization percentage, fatty acid profile, and oxidative stress of <i>Artemia salina</i> nauplii, individually (Hg) and simultaneously in the presence of 0.10 mg.L^-1 (Hg-0.1TiO₂NPs) and 1.00 mg.L^-1 TiO₂NPs (Hg-1TiO₂NPs). The interaction between Hg²⁺ ions and TiO₂NPs was evaluated using DLS and AAS-VGA. Simultaneous exposures exhibited an unexpected dual effect on <i>A. salina</i> nauplii. A synergistic effect was observed in Hg-0.1TiO₂NPs, while increasing the TiO₂NPs concentration in Hg-1TiO₂NPs prevented the synergy of the mixture compounds offering an antagonistic effect on nauplii. This dual effect was assigned to a greater number of available active sites and agglomeration of TiO₂NPs at higher concentrations. Oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation induced by Hg were diminished in Hg-1TiO₂NPs in line with the immobilization results. In Hg, total amounts of saturated fatty acids (∑SFA) increased while total monounsaturated (∑MUFA) and total polyunsaturated (∑PUFA) ones decreased compared with the control. However, they showed no significant change considering the control in Hg-1TiO₂NPs, again confirming the antagonistic effect on nauplii. The unsaturated to saturated fatty acids ratio decreased in both Hg and Hg-1TiO₂NPs compared with the control, however, this reduction in Hg-1TiO₂NPs was lower than in Hg. The present results emphasized getting a more comprehensive understanding of how TiO₂NPs impact the bioavailability and toxicity of co-contaminants through their combined effects and interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18899,"journal":{"name":"Nanotoxicology","volume":" ","pages":"84-99"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142983134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plastic nanoparticle toxicity is accentuated in the immune-competent inflamed intestinal tri-culture cell model.","authors":"Carmella St Pierre, Peter A Caradonna, Megan Steele, Steven C Sutton","doi":"10.1080/17435390.2025.2452851","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17435390.2025.2452851","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Important cell-based models of intestinal inflammation have been advanced in hopes of predicting the impact of nanoparticles on disease. We sought to determine whether a high level and extended exposure of nanoplastic might result in the added intestinal inflammation caused by nanoplastic reported in a mouse model of irritable bowel disease. <b>Methods:</b> The cell models consist of a Transwell©-type insert with a filter membrane upon which lies a biculture monolayer of Caco-2 and HT29-MTX-E12 made up the barrier cells (apical compartment). This monolayer was exposed to digested 40 nm diameter polymethacrylate (PMA) with surface-functionalized COOH (PMA-) or NH₂ (PMA+) at a 'low level' (143 µg/cm² monolayer surface area) or 'high level' (571 µg/cm²) for 24 or 48 h. Beyond the apical compartment in the well of the tissue culture plate, was a monolayer of macrophages, previously differentiated from THP-1 cells (basolateral compartment). Thus, the immune competent tri-cultures were examined as two models: healthy and inflamed. The inflamed model, the barrier cell monolayer having been previously activated with IFN-γ and the macrophages having been previously activated with IFN-γ and LPS expressed a greater secretion of pro-inflammation cytokines. <b>Results:</b> Sedimentation, Diffusion and Dosimetry model (ISDD) simulated that 8%-12% of the PMA was deposited onto the barrier cell monolayer in 24-48-h. The structure of the barrier cells in the inflamed model was disorganized for both PMA, high level, 48-h experiments. While neither the amount of PMA nor the exposure duration influenced the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) secretion in the healthy model, only the high levels of both PMA- and PMA+ in 48-h exposure experiments resulted in a significantly increased LDH secreted by the barrier cells in the inflamed model, compared to inflamed control. This study is the first to show an additive inflammation of nanoplastic in an inflamed intestinal model of the intestine.</p>","PeriodicalId":18899,"journal":{"name":"Nanotoxicology","volume":" ","pages":"69-83"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143008623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of anticancer activity of urotropine surface modified iron oxide nanoparticles using a panel of forty breast cancer cell lines.","authors":"Jagoda Adamczyk-Grochala, Maciej Wnuk, Bernadetta Oklejewicz, Katarzyna Klimczak, Dominika Błoniarz, Anna Deręgowska, Iwona Rzeszutek, Paulina Stec, Agnieszka Ciuraszkiewicz, Mariola Kądziołka-Gaweł, Dariusz Łukowiec, Piotr Piotrowski, Grzegorz Litwinienko, Adrian Radoń, Anna Lewińska","doi":"10.1080/17435390.2025.2450196","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17435390.2025.2450196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Urotropine, an antibacterial agent to treat urinary tract bacterial infections, can be also considered as a repurposed drug with formaldehyde-mediated anticancer activity. Recently, we have synthesized urotropine surface modified iron oxide nanoparticles (URO@Fe₃O₄ NPs) with improved colloidal stability and limited cytotoxicity against human fibroblasts. In the present study, we have investigated URO@Fe₃O₄ NP-mediated responses in a panel of forty phenotypically different breast cancer cell lines along with three non-cancerous corresponding cell lines. URO@Fe₃O₄ NPs promoted oxidative stress and FOXO3a-based antioxidant response in breast cancer cells. Elevated levels of GPX4 and decreased levels of ACSL4 in URO@Fe₃O₄ NP-treated breast cancer cells protected against ferroptotic cell death. On the contrary, URO@Fe₃O₄ NPs impaired the activity of PERK, a part of unfolded protein response (UPR), especially when the glucose supply was limited, that was accompanied by genetic instability, and apoptotic and/or necrotic cell death in breast cancer cells. In conclusion, this is the first comprehensive analysis of anticancer effects of URO@Fe₃O₄ NPs against a panel of forty breast cancer cell lines with different receptor status and in glucose replete and deplete conditions. We suggest that presented results might be helpful for designing new nano-based anti-breast cancer strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":18899,"journal":{"name":"Nanotoxicology","volume":" ","pages":"50-68"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143040359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulating exosomal communication between macrophages and melanoma cancer cells via cyclodextrin-based nanosponges loaded with doxorubicin.","authors":"Mohammad Mahmoudian, Shokoufeh Alizadeh, Darya Lotfi, Yousef Khazaei Monfared, Mahdi Mahdipour, Francesco Trotta, Parvin Zakeri-Milani, Ziba Islambulchilar","doi":"10.1080/17435390.2024.2446553","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17435390.2024.2446553","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The cellular components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) comprise cancer cells and nonmalignant cells including stromal and immune cells. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles secreted by various types of cells that play a crucial role in intercellular communications within TME. The main goal of this study was to elucidate how exosomes of macrophage cells treated with doxorubicin (DOX) and DOX-loaded cyclodextrin-based nanosponges (DOX-CDNSs), affect melanoma cancer cell proliferation. For this aim, the exosomes of the murine macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7) were isolated and characterized after treating the cells with DOX and DOX-CDNSs. The results demonstrated that DOX-CDNSs at a treatment concentration of 1 µg/mL, were nontoxic for macrophages and remarkably toxic against cancer cells. However, DOX was nontoxic for both cell types at the same treatment concentration. DOX and DOX-CDNSs remarkably declined the viability of both cell types at higher concentrations (25 and 50 µg/mL). Intriguingly, the exosomes of DOX-CD-NSs treated macrophages promoted the viability of cancer cells at the treatment concentrations of 1, 20, and 40 µg/mL. While the exosomes of DOX-treated macrophages increased cell viability of cancer cells only at the lowest concentration. In conclusion, this study suggests that utilization of CD-NSs may augment the toxicity of DOX against cancer cells, while it could direct macrophages toward secreting exosomes that favor the growth of cancer cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":18899,"journal":{"name":"Nanotoxicology","volume":" ","pages":"17-27"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142895794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probing the effects of dextran-coated CeO₂ nanoparticles on lung fibroblasts using multivariate single-cell Raman spectroscopy.","authors":"Mirjana Mićević, Sonja Čalija, Lela Korićanac, Jelena Žakula, Aleksandra Vilotić, Marko Radović, Igor Golić, Aleksandra Korać, Mirjana Nacka-Aleksić, Bojan Stojadinović, Zorana Dohčević-Mitrović","doi":"10.1080/17435390.2025.2453576","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17435390.2025.2453576","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, we investigated the cytotoxic effect of highly soluble dextran-coated CeO₂ nanoparticles on human fetal lung fibroblasts MRC-5. We examined individual nanoparticle-treated cells by Raman spectroscopy and analyzed Raman spectra using non-negative principal component analysis and k-means clustering. In this way, we determined dose-dependent differences between treated cells, which were reflected through the intensity change of lipid, phospholipid and RNA-related Raman modes. Performing standard biological tests for cell growth, viability and induction of apoptosis in parallel, these changes were correlated with nanoparticle-induced apoptotic processes. The cells with specific spectral characteristics, referring to non-apoptotic, but possibly autophagic cell death modality, were also detected. Additionally, Raman imaging combined with principal component and vertex component analysis was used to map the spatial distribution of biological molecules in treated and untreated cells. This work provided the description of different resulting states of the treated cells depending on the dextran-coated CeO₂ nanoparticles dose, which can be later used in the design of the nanoparticles for industrial or medical applications. The wide content of information resulting from single-cell Raman spectroscopy has the potential to detect biochemical changes caused by nanoparticles that would otherwise require a series of expensive and time-consuming standard biological techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":18899,"journal":{"name":"Nanotoxicology","volume":" ","pages":"100-118"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143008627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of potential cytotoxicity of a water-soluble, red-fluorescent [70]fullerene nanomaterial in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>.","authors":"Magdalena Rost-Roszkowska, Anna Urbisz, Karol Małota, Grażyna Wilczek, Maciej Serda, Magdalena Skonieczna","doi":"10.1080/17435390.2024.2445250","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17435390.2024.2445250","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fullerenes (C₆₀, C₇₀) as carbon nanomaterials can enter the environment through natural processes and anthropogenic activities, while synthetic fullerenes are commonly used in medicine in targeted therapies in association with antibodies, or anticancer and antimicrobial drugs. As the nanoparticles, they can pass through cell membranes and organelles and accumulate in the entire cytoplasm. The red-fluorescent, water-soluble [70]fullerene derivative C₇₀-OMe-ser, which produces reactive oxygen species upon illumination with an appropriate wavelength, passed into the cytoplasm of the middle region in the <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> digestive system. To determine whether [70]fullerene nanomaterials that produce fluorescence after entering the cell cytoplasm will hurt its homeostasis, it is necessary to investigate the activation of degenerative and possibly regenerative processes. In vivo, studies on the model species <i>D. melanogaster</i> may help to elucidate whether the water-soluble [70]fullerene derivative that produces fluorescence can still be considered among the most promising nanomaterials. The experiment involved feeding insects ad libitum with yeast paste supplemented with 40 µg of fullerenes/mL for 1 week and 1 month. Thus, adult females and males of <i>D. melanogaster</i> were divided into control (CWM, CWF, CMM, and CMF) and experimental groups (FWM, FWF, FMM, and FMF). The quantitative and qualitative analysis enabled the presentation of the effects of the water-soluble [70]fullerene derivatives on cell proliferation and degeneration. Our study presented that [70]fullerene derivative showed a cytoprotective effect and activated cell proliferation. Therefore, we could conclude that analyzed carbon nanomaterials seemed to be safe for the cells into which they have penetrated.</p>","PeriodicalId":18899,"journal":{"name":"Nanotoxicology","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142907281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quercetin protective potential against nanoparticle-induced adverse effects.","authors":"Adelaide Sousa, Félix Carvalho, Eduarda Fernandes, Marisa Freitas","doi":"10.1080/17435390.2024.2446554","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17435390.2024.2446554","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rapid development of nanotechnology has resulted in the widespread use of nanoparticles (NPs) in various sectors due to their unique properties and diverse applications. However, the increased exposure of humans to NPs raises concerns about their potential negative impact on human health and the environment. The pathways through which NPs exert adverse effects, including inflammation and oxidative stress, are primarily influenced by their size, shape, surface charge, and chemistry, underscoring the critical need to comprehend and alleviate their potential detrimental impacts. In this context, the natural flavonoid quercetin is a promising candidate for counteracting the toxicity induced by NPs due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This review provides an overview of the existing literature on quercetin's protective effects against NPs-induced toxicity, highlighting its therapeutic benefits and mechanisms of action, focusing on its ability to alleviate oxidative stress, inflammation, and cellular damage caused by various types of NPs. Insights from both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> studies demonstrate the effectiveness of quercetin in preserving cellular function, modulating apoptotic pathways, and maintaining tissue integrity in the presence of NPs. The potential of quercetin as a natural therapeutic agent against NPs-induced toxicity provides valuable insights for safer use of NPs in various daily applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":18899,"journal":{"name":"Nanotoxicology","volume":" ","pages":"28-49"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143008628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knock-out mouse models and single particle ICP-MS reveal that SP-D and SP-A deficiency reduces agglomeration of inhaled gold nanoparticles in vivo without significant changes to overall lung clearance.","authors":"Adam Laycock, Artur Kirjakulov, Matthew Darren Wright, Konstantinos Nikolaos Bourdakos, Sumeet Mahajan, Howard Clark, Mark Griffiths, Grith Lykke Sørensen, Uffe Holmskov, Chang Guo, Martin O Leonard, Rachel Smith, Jens Madsen","doi":"10.1080/17435390.2025.2454969","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17435390.2025.2454969","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The role of surfactant proteins A and D (SP-A and SP-D) in lung clearance and translocation to secondary organs of inhaled nanoparticles was investigated by exposing SP-A and SP-D knockout (AKO and DKO) and wild type (WT) mice nose-only for 3 hours to an aerosol of 20 nm gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Animals were euthanised at 0-, 1-, 7- and 28-days post-exposure. Analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) of the liver and kidneys showed that extrapulmonary translocation was below the limits of detection. Imaging of the lungs by laser ablation ICP-MS confirmed the homogenous distribution of AuNPs. Coherent anti-Stokes Raman Scattering, Second Harmonic Generation and Two-Photon Fluorescence imaging were applied for semi-quantitative analysis of the uptake of AuNPs by alveolar macrophages and found uptake increased with time post-exposure, peaking after 7 days, and with the largest increase in uptake being in WT mice. Single particle ICP-MS allowed particle counting and sizing of AuNPs in the lungs showing that particle agglomeration following deposition within the lung was greater for the wildtype than the knockout models, indicating a role for SP-A and SP-D in agglomeration, however, any effect of this on overall lung clearance was minimal. For all groups, the Au (mass) lung burden initial clearance half-time was approximately 20-25 d, however, the AuNP (particle number) lung burden clearance half-time was shorter at approximately 10 days. In general terms, differences between the results for the three models were limited, indicating the preferential clearance of smaller particles from the lung.</p>","PeriodicalId":18899,"journal":{"name":"Nanotoxicology","volume":" ","pages":"119-140"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143047357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of carbonaceous nanoparticles for antibacterial uses in various dental infections.","authors":"Naghmeh Shenasa, Mareb Hamed Ahmed, Radhwan Abdul Kareem, Athmar Jaber Zrzor, Aseel Salah Mansoor, Zainab H Athab, Hannaneh Bayat, Fatemeh Abedi Diznab","doi":"10.1080/17435390.2025.2454277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17435390.2025.2454277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The mouth cavity is the second most complex microbial community in the human body. It is composed of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa. An imbalance in the oral microbiota may lead to various conditions, including caries, soft tissue infections, periodontitis, root canal infections, peri-implantitis (PI), pulpitis, candidiasis, and denture stomatitis. Additionally, several locally administered antimicrobials have been suggested for dentistry in surgical and non-surgical applications. The main drawbacks are increased antimicrobial resistance, the risk of upsetting the natural microbiota, and hypersensitivity responses. Because of their unique physiochemical characteristics, nanoparticles (NPs) can circumvent antibiotic-resistance mechanisms and exert antimicrobial action via a variety of new bactericidal routes. Because of their anti-microbial properties, carbon-based NPs are becoming more and more effective antibacterial agents. Periodontitis, mouth infections, PI, dentin and root infections, and other dental diseases are among the conditions that may be treated using carbon NPs (CNPs) like graphene oxide and carbon dots. An outline of the scientific development of multifunctional CNPs concerning oral disorders will be given before talking about the significant influence of CNPs on dental health. Some of these illnesses include Periodontitis, oral infections, dental caries, dental pulp disorders, dentin and dental root infections, and PI. We also review the remaining research and application barriers for carbon-based NPs and possible future problems.</p>","PeriodicalId":18899,"journal":{"name":"Nanotoxicology","volume":" ","pages":"1-36"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143066848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}