Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology最新文献

{"title":"Mapping molecular landscapes in triple-negative breast cancer: insights from spatial transcriptomics.","authors":"Fares Saeed H Al-Mansour, Hassan H Almasoudi, Ali Albarrati","doi":"10.1007/s00210-025-04057-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-025-04057-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The tumor microenvironment (TME) of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly heterogeneous and very aggressive form of the disease that has few suitable treatment options; however, spatial transcriptomics (ST) is a powerful tool for elucidation of the TME in TNBC. Because of its spatial context preservation, ST has a unique capability to map tumor-stroma interactions, immune infiltration, and therapy resistance mechanisms (which are key to understanding TNBC progression), compared with conventional transcriptomics. This review shows the use of ST in TNBC, its utilization in spatial biomarker identification, intratumoral heterogeneity definition, molecular subtyping refinement, and prediction of immunotherapy responses. Recent insight from ST-driven insights has explained the key spatial patterns on immune evasion, chemotherapy resistance, racial disparities of TNBC, and aspects for patient stratification and therapeutic decision. With the integration of ST with the subjects of proteomics and imaging mass cytometry, this approach has been enlarged and is now applied in precision medicine and biomarker discovery. Recently, advancements in AI-based spatial analysis for tumor classification, identification of biomarkers, and creation of therapy prediction models have occurred. However, continued developments in ST technologies, computational tools, and partnerships amongst multiple centers to facilitate the integration of ST into clinical routine practice are needed to unlock novel therapeutic targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":18876,"journal":{"name":"Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NLRP3 inflammasome-based therapies by natural products: a new development in the context of cancer therapy.","authors":"Hamza Abu Owida, Ahmed Yaseen Abed, Farag M A Altalbawy, Malathi H, Vikrant Abbot, Sanoeva Matlyuba Jakhonkulovna, Suleiman Ibrahim Mohammad, Asokan Vasudevan, Reem Mohsin Khalaf, Ahmed Hussein Zwamel","doi":"10.1007/s00210-025-04030-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-025-04030-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The leucine-rich repeat containing protein (NLR) canonical inflammasome family includes Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3). Via the mediation of apoptosis proteins and immunological reactions, it controls the pathogenesis of malignancy. Experimental studies showed a relationship among lymphogenesis, cancer metastasis, and NLRP3 expression. Natural products have also been used as lead-based substances in a number of investigations to speed up the creation of novel, specific NLRP3 inhibitors. Via the mediation of apoptotic proteins and immunological responses, it controls the pathogenesis of malignancy. Moreover, it was recently noted that among human cancers, chemotherapy activates NLRP3. Induction of NLRP3 could encourage the generation of IL-1β and IL-22 to facilitate the propagation of malignancy. Additionally, prior research has demonstrated that the usage of NLRP3 in cancer therapy may result in resistance to drugs. The depletion of NLRP3 could affect the survival of cells. Natural products have been used as lead materials in a number of studies to help generate novel, specific NLRP3 antagonists more quickly. In the present review, we examine the mechanism behind the beneficial effects of the natural substances on the inhibition of cancer growth and progression, with special focus on NLRP3 regulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":18876,"journal":{"name":"Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dioscin alleviates the dysfunction of fibroblast-like synoviocytes by circ_0008267/miR-942-5p/FKBP5 axis during rheumatoid arthritis.","authors":"Lifeng Chen, Li Xu, Yujing Zhang, Hao Xia","doi":"10.1007/s00210-025-03872-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-025-03872-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dioscin is a natural, bioactive steroid saponin that has the antiarthritic activity. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are stable noncoding RNAs involving in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Here, this study aimed to probe the role and mechanism of dioscin and circ_0008267 in RA progression. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasive, and migratory abilities, as well as inflammatory response were evaluated by CCK-8 assay, EdU assay, flow cytometery, transwell assay, wound healing assay, and ELISA analysis, respectively. Levels of genes and protein were tested by qRT-PCR and western blotting. The interaction between miR-942-5p and circ_0008267 or FK506-binding protein 5 (FKBP5) was confirmed using dual-luciferase reporter and RNA pull-down assays. Dioscin treatment was demonstrated to suppress RA-FLS proliferation, invasion, migration, and inflammatory response, but induced cell apoptosis. Circ_0008267 is a stable circRNA, and was increased in RA samples. Moreover, its expression was reduced by dioscin in RA-FLS, overexpression of circ_0008267 reversed the effects of dioscin on RA-FLS. Mechanistically, circ_0008267 acted as a sponge for miR-942-5p, which targeted FKBP5. Dioscin reduced FKBP5 expression, but elevated miR-942-5p level in RA-FLS. MiR-942-5p inhibition or FKBP5 upregulation abolished the inhibitory effects of dioscin on RA-FLS dysfunction. Moreover, circ_0008267 deficiency impaired RA-FLS proliferation, invasion, migration, and inflammation through regulating FKBP5. Dioscin suppressed the proliferation, invasion, migration, and inflammatory response in RA-FLS via circ_0008267/miR-942-5p/FKBP5 axis, providing new insights for RA prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":18876,"journal":{"name":"Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drug advertisements in daily newspapers: a case study with the Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung (Hannover General Newspaper).","authors":"Ghaith Wafai, Roland Seifert","doi":"10.1007/s00210-025-04015-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-025-04015-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung (HAZ, The Hannover General Newspaper) was launched in 1949 and is the largest daily newspaper in Lower Saxony, Germany. Drug advertisements in daily newspapers are common but have not yet been the topic of scientific investigation. This study analyzed all 181 medical advertisements published in the HAZ issued in 2021, all of which promoted over-the-counter medicines. Information was extracted from each advertisement and checked for selected parameters relating to the general structure of an advertisement, the content of the advertisement and the medical products themselves. The Therapeutic Products Advertising Act (Medicines Advertising Law; Heilmittelwerbegesetz (HWG)) of 1965 regulates the handling of medical advertisements through mandatory information and prohibitions. All advertisements were checked for compliance with the Act. The Therapeutic Products Advertising Act is loosely worded and poorly implemented, i.e., in only 52% of the advertisements mandatory information was included and only 69% of the advertisements avoided the prohibitions of the law. Furthermore, there is a clear connection between the newspaper's readership, common diseases in the German population and the indications for the preparations. The most common indication was joint pain with 22.65%, this correlates with the prevalence of the disease in Germany and the age of the newspaper's readership. In most cases, scientific evidence of the effectiveness of the preparations was lacking and only 46 of the 181 advertisements mention clinical studies. All in all, this paper gives an insight into the world of medical advertisements in a German newspaper, where marketing mechanisms, the kind of the consumer and the prices of the advertisement play a far more bigger role than scientific evidence. The Medicines Advertising Law has many flaws that are exploited by the drug companies to address the readers of the newspaper. The law needs to be stricter and better controlled to protect the layman from false medical information.</p>","PeriodicalId":18876,"journal":{"name":"Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maesa lanceolata: a comprehensive review of its traditional medicinal uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological potential, toxicology, and safety profile.","authors":"Anuva Barman, Manabendu Barman, Sanjib Ray","doi":"10.1007/s00210-025-04044-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-025-04044-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Maesa lanceolata Forssk. (Primulaceae) is a well-known medicinal plant in Rwanda and it is used to treat conditions such as malaria, asthma, elephantiasis, wounds, backache, stomachache, menorrhagia, sexually transmitted diseases (syphilis and gonorrhea), etc. in many African countries. This study aims to combine all the available information on the botanical characteristics, distribution, phytochemistry, pharmacological activity, and toxicology of M. lanceolata. Data collection was done using multiple electronic search engines like Scopus, Science Direct, PubMed, ResearchGate, and Google Scholar. Significant medicinal properties such as antioxidant, antibacterial, cytotoxic, antiviral, antifungal, antiplasmodial, molluscicidal, and antiulcerogenic properties have been found in a variety of studies that align with its various ethnomedicinal applications. Phytochemical studies have identified nearly 70 compounds from different parts of the plant, including triterpenoid saponins, benzoquinones, steroids, terpenoids, and other components. Benzoquinones, specifically maesanin, dihydromaesanin, and isomeric mixtures, exhibited significant cytotoxicity against the HL-60 cell line. Furthermore, structurally related acylated benzoquinones with shorter alkyl substituents [(2- acetoxy-5-hydoxy-6-methyl-3-tridecyl-1,4-benzoquinone and 2-hydoxy-5-acetoxy-6-methyl-3-tridecyl-1,4- benzoquinone)] display both antioxidant and antiproliferative effects on the SK-MEL, KB, BT-549 and SK-OV-3 cancer cell lines. The compound maesasaponin II demonstrated promising antiangiogenic activity without concurrent hemolytic effect. Additionally, maesanin showed inhibitory activity against 5-lipoxygenase, suggesting potential anti-inflammatory applications. These findings indicate the potential of M. lanceolata in various biological applications and show the necessity of further studies to explore its potential therapeutic benefits in numerous public health issues. Human clinical trials and studies on the mechanisms of action are needed to determine if any compounds in the plant can be used as leads in drug development.</p>","PeriodicalId":18876,"journal":{"name":"Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Klotho mediates the association between serum testosterone and severe abdominal aortic calcification: a cross-sectional study from the NHANES database.","authors":"Shengwei Lai, Handai Qin, Xinhao Wang, Guanchao Sun, Long Cao, Zheqi Fan, Hongpeng Zhang, Wei Guo","doi":"10.1007/s00210-025-04048-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-025-04048-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Severe abdominal aortic calcification (SAAC) is acknowledged as a significant contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, yet its relationship with sex steroid hormones remains unclear. Here, the unexplored link between serum sex steroid hormone levels and SAAC was investigated within the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cohort. This study utilized data from NHANES 2013-2014. SAAC was determined using the abdominal aortic calcification 24-point scale. Serum sex steroid hormones were categorized into quintiles 1-5 for analysis. Multivariable logistic regression and subgroup analyses were employed to investigate the potential relationship between serum sex steroid hormones and SAAC risk. Moreover, the Johnson-Neyman plot was applied to identify the presence of any threshold effects. Finally, to reveal the potential pathophysiological mechanism, mediation analyses were performed. A total of 1852 enrolled individuals were included, and the prevalence of SAAC stood at 8.00%. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, multivariate analysis suggested the association of higher level of serum testosterone with a reduced incidence of SAAC (AOR = 0.33, 95%CI:0.13-0.87, P = 0.0247 for quintile 5, P for trend = 0.025). Subgroup analyses demonstrated the negative associations were more significant in participants aged ≥ 60 (AOR = 0.20, 95%CI:0.07-0.56, P = 0.0023 for quintile 5) and non-hypertensive population (AOR = 0.29, 95%CI:0.09-0.96, P = 0.0436 for quintile 5). The restricted cubic spline curve indicated that among the non-hypertensive male population aged ≥ 60, there was a dose-response relationship between serum testosterone and SAAC risk. Furthermore, Johnson-Neyman plot showed that sex hormone binding globulin exhibited a threshold effect on the modulation of the association between serum testosterone and SAAC. Finally, mediation analysis identified the role of Klotho in mediating high levels of serum testosterone's association with SAAC. This study reported that serum testosterone was inversely associated with SAAC, and further highlighted the mediation effect of anti-ageing protein Klotho on that association. Our findings have positive implications for the prevention and treatment of SAAC.</p>","PeriodicalId":18876,"journal":{"name":"Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of unsaturated fatty acids in modulating human butyrylcholinesterase activity: insights from kinetics and molecular docking.","authors":"Muslum Gok, Cigdem Cicek, Suat Sari, Ebru Bodur","doi":"10.1007/s00210-025-04065-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-025-04065-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Butyrylcholinesterase is an abundant detoxification enzyme in human serum that is mainly synthesized in the liver. It plays a crucial role in the hydrolysis of a variety of choline esters and xenobiotics, and there is emerging evidence that it is also involved in lipid metabolism. In this study, the inhibitory effects of the major unsaturated fatty acids - arachidonic acid (AA), linoleic acid (LA), oleic acid (OA), and alpha-linolenic acid (α-LA) - on human BChE are investigated using enzyme kinetics experiments and molecular modeling analyses. These fatty acids, integral components of membrane phospholipids, differ in chain length and degree of unsaturation, which influence their inhibitory effect on BChE. Our results showed that AA had the highest IC₅₀ value of 611 µM against BChE, followed by OA, α-LA, and LA. All fatty acids showed noncompetitive inhibition, in contrast to AA, which displayed uncompetitive inhibition. Inhibitory constants (Ki) showed that OA had the strongest binding affinity due to its lowest Ki value of 321.4 µM, followed by AA, α-LA, and LA. Molecular modeling supported the in vitro results. The fatty acids were predicted to bind to a newly proposed allosteric site on BChE. Our results demonstrate that the number and position of double bonds in the alkenyl chains of fatty acids significantly influence their interactions with BChE, providing new insights into how dietary lipids regulate the enzyme. This study offers a foundation for further exploration of BChE's role in lipid metabolism and its implications for neurodegenerative and metabolic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":18876,"journal":{"name":"Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the potential mechanism of atorvastatin in regulating ferroptosis as a treatment for heart failure based on network pharmacology.","authors":"Yu-Ting Bai, Yi-Qi Wang, Yan-Min Liu, Zi-Xuan Gong, Suya Wugeng, Wen-Lu Guo, Meng-Zhen Shi, Xiao-Qian Liu, Xiao-Ling Su","doi":"10.1007/s00210-025-04043-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-025-04043-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome influenced by diverse mechanisms of cellular demise. Recent findings indicate that ferroptosis also plays a role in the pathogenesis of HF. The present investigation utilized network pharmacology to investigate the suppressive impact of atorvastatin calcium (AC) on ferroptosis in a rat model of HF. The rats were categorized into three groups: the control group, the doxorubicin-induced group, and the doxorubicin (DOX)-induced group + AC-treated group. Echocardiography, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Western blotting were employed to evaluate cardiac structural and functional changes. Additionally, network pharmacology methods were utilized to ascertain the potential targets of AC and their interactions with regulatory genes associated with ferroptosis and HF. We identified four HF-related ferroptosis regulatory targets of AC: nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 1 (NOX1), tumor protein 53 (TP53), dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4), and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). Enrichment analysis revealed three signaling pathways influenced by AC in HF: ferroptosis, fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis, and lipid and atherosclerosis. This study indicated that AC can improve cardiac systolic dysfunction, reduce ventricular volume, and reverse myocardial remodeling in a doxorubicin-induced HF rat model. We highlight the role of ferroptosis in mediating this therapeutic effect through solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11)/TP53 signaling pathway regulation and shed light on new directions for clinical treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":18876,"journal":{"name":"Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"D-carvone attenuates LPS-induced acute lung injury via TLR4/NF-κB and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways in rats.","authors":"Nergis Ulaş, Hilal Üstündağ, Seçkin Özkanlar, Elif Erbaş, Adem Kara, Yunusemre Özkanlar","doi":"10.1007/s00210-025-04024-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-025-04024-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute lung injury (ALI) is a severe respiratory disorder associated with high morbidity and mortality. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is widely used to induce ALI in animal models. D-carvone, a natural monoterpene, has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of D-carvone on LPS-induced ALI in rats. Thirty-six male rats were randomly divided into six groups (n = 6): control, D-carvone (10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg p.o.), LPS (10 mg/kg E. coli lipopolysaccharide i.p.), and LPS + D-carvone (LPS with either 10 or 20 mg/kg D-carvone). D-carvone was administered orally once daily for 10 days. On day 10, sepsis was induced with LPS administration, and samples were collected after 6 h under deep anesthesia. LPS administration caused significant lung injury, as evidenced by increased histopathological scores, upregulation of pro-inflammatory markers (TLR4, IL-1β, TNF-α), and oxidative stress (increased MDA, decreased GSH and SOD). Treatment with D-carvone at both doses significantly attenuated these changes. D-carvone downregulated pro-inflammatory markers, upregulated anti-inflammatory (NRF2) and anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2) proteins, and reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-8) in lung tissues. In conclusion, D-carvone protects against LPS-induced ALI in rats, possibly through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. These findings suggest that D-carvone could be a potential therapeutic candidate for preventing and treating ALI.</p>","PeriodicalId":18876,"journal":{"name":"Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of stroke and mortality among patients receiving heart transplantation-a nationwide study.","authors":"Wei-Syun Hu, Cheng-Li Lin","doi":"10.1007/s00210-025-04026-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-025-04026-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to define the association of heart transplantation with incident stroke, cardiovascular (CV) and all-cause death. The incidence rate (IR) was calculated by dividing the number of outcomes by the summed person-years in the group during the follow-up period. Crude and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated through univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. Propensity score (PS) matching analysis was adopted to minimize the differences between the two cohorts. Each cohort had 13,948 study participants. Compared to the control group, patients with heart transplantation had a higher risk of stroke (adjusted HR [95% CI] = 2.96 [2.72, 3.22]) and CV death (adjusted HR [95% CI] = 5.33 [4.87, 5.83]), and the risk is higher in the subgroup of the male sex, without comorbidity, and follow-up period < 10 years.  Among patients who underwent cardiac transplantation, the subgroups of the male sex, without comorbidities and short follow-up period are at higher risk for incident stroke and CV death.</p>","PeriodicalId":18876,"journal":{"name":"Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}