Ndt & E International最新文献_第6页

Super-resolution enhancement of X-ray microscopic images of solder joints 焊点x射线显微图像的超分辨率增强

IF 4.1 2区材料科学

Ndt & E International Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103382

Dorottya Varga , Zsolt Szabó , Péter János Szabó

{"title":"Super-resolution enhancement of X-ray microscopic images of solder joints","authors":"Dorottya Varga , Zsolt Szabó , Péter János Szabó","doi":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103382","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103382","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the application of single-image super-resolution (SISR) to enhance 3D X-ray microscopy (XRM) images for solder joint inspection. Three different voxel sizes (2 μm, 1.5 μm, and 0.5 μm) were used to scan solder joints, with the highest resolution (0.5 μm) serving as the training dataset by pairing it with bicubic down-sampled images. Two enhanced sub-pixel convolutional neural network (ESPCN) models were developed and trained to reconstruct high-resolution (HR) images. The models – ESPCN1 and ESPCN2 – were evaluated using structural similarity index (SSIM) and learned perceptual image patch similarity (LPIPS). Both models achieved high peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) values of 40.01 dB (ESPCN1) and 40.33 dB (ESPCN2), demonstrating strong image reconstruction capabilities. Super-resolution models led to a significant increase in SSIM (12.0 %) and LPIPS (13.8 %) values compared to lower-resolution scans, with ESPCN1 excelling at the 2 μm voxel size and ESPCN2 showing better performance for 1.5 μm. Both models exhibited comparable results when compared to ground truth 0.5 μm scans, with ESPCN2 marginally outperforming ESPCN1 in comparison to cross-sectional evaluations. Overall, the study demonstrates that super-resolution models can enhance the quality of lower-resolution XRM images, offering comparable performance to high-resolution scans while reducing scanning time, thus proving the utility of SISR in industrial inspection applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18868,"journal":{"name":"Ndt & E International","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 103382"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143619539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Structure-guided piezoelectric transducer for unidirectional excitation and reception of Rayleigh waves 结构导向的单向激励和瑞利波接收压电换能器

IF 4.1 2区材料科学

Ndt & E International Pub Date : 2025-03-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103384

Heming Guo , Gang Wang , Hongchen Miao

{"title":"Structure-guided piezoelectric transducer for unidirectional excitation and reception of Rayleigh waves","authors":"Heming Guo , Gang Wang , Hongchen Miao","doi":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103384","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103384","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rayleigh waves are crucial for nondestructive testing (NDT) of thick-walled structures. Unidirectional propagation of Rayleigh waves simplifies signal interpretation by minimizing unwanted reflections. Unidirectional Rayleigh waves are commonly generated using wedge transducers based on Snell's law. However, due to the large wave impedance difference between the wedge and the waveguide, there is a transmission loss at the interface. This work proposed a structure-guided transducer (SGT) for unidirectional excitation and reception of Rayleigh waves. The SGT consists of a wedge-shaped substrate and thickness-shear piezoelectric wafer. The substrate is fabricated using ferromagnetic material, which is impedance-matched to the steel structure for Rayleigh waves. The substrate facilitates the automatic control of the guided waves, guaranteeing the unidirectional capabilities of the SGT. Subsequent to the theoretical design, the performance of the SGT was assessed via finite element simulations and experiments. Results confirmed the generation of pure Rayleigh waves with a unidirectionality of approximately 13 dB. Moreover, the SGT can also act as a sensor to selectively capture Rayleigh waves from a specific direction, efficiently filtering out waves from other directions. The design of the SGT is both straightforward and conducive to manufacturing. It can prevent energy loss resulting from impedance mismatches between the wedge and the test structure. Additionally, the magnetic substrate of the SGT facilitates effortless attachment to steel structures, thereby simplifying installation and relocation. With these advantages, the SGT is highly likely to have substantial potential for applications in NDT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18868,"journal":{"name":"Ndt & E International","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 103384"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterization of guided wave in thermal protection system and debonding detection using laser-generated guided wave 热防护系统导波特性及激光导波脱粘检测

IF 4.1 2区材料科学

Ndt & E International Pub Date : 2025-03-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103383

Chao Zhang , Hongyuan Wang , Yupeng Zhang , Jinhao Qiu , Hongli Ji , Shenping Gao

{"title":"Characterization of guided wave in thermal protection system and debonding detection using laser-generated guided wave","authors":"Chao Zhang , Hongyuan Wang , Yupeng Zhang , Jinhao Qiu , Hongli Ji , Shenping Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents theoretical and experimental investigation of guided wave mode coupling in typical thermal protection system (TPS) of reusable hypersonic vehicle for debonding detection. Considering the large stiffness and density differences between the damped thermal protection material and undamped load-bearing substrate in an insulation tile-based TPS, a generalized model is proposed to investigate weak mode coupling of guided waves between a viscoelastic waveguide and a much stiffer and heavier elastic waveguide. Due to the uncertainty of damping ratio of the thermal insulation material, both small and large damping situations are investigated. Wavenumber and mode shape variations are compared between the uncoupled and coupled wave modes around characteristic frequencies. Numerical simulation is utilized to determine the feasible frequency band based on the analytical results for further observation of guided wave mode coupling in real TPS. Full guided wavefield in a debonding TPS specimen with a 3-by-3 insulation tile array is obtained experimentally using a scanning laser ultrasonic system. Local wavenumber estimation is then implemented to distinguish different TPS regions, including the aluminum substrate, TPS parts with and without debonding. The validity of the wavenumber estimation method is verified by comparing the averaged local wavenumber in the aluminum substrate with the theoretical aluminum dispersion curve. The critical frequency is also identified based on the normalized magnitude of wavefield spectrum in the intact TPS region. The estimated dispersion properties of uncoupled and coupled guided waves in three different TPS regions are consistent with the analytical and numerical findings. Overall, the results can be further utilized for the guidance of diagnostic parameter selection in guided wave-based damage detection for the evaluation of TPS debonding damage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18868,"journal":{"name":"Ndt & E International","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 103383"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143642326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

SNR equalization in non-contact resonant ultrasound spectroscopy measurements 非接触式共振超声光谱测量中的信噪比均衡

IF 4.1 2区材料科学

Ndt & E International Pub Date : 2025-03-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103386

Muhammad Tayyib, Linas Svilainis

{"title":"SNR equalization in non-contact resonant ultrasound spectroscopy measurements","authors":"Muhammad Tayyib, Linas Svilainis","doi":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103386","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103386","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It is proposed to replace the single pulse excitation with spread spectrum signal of programmable spectral shape in non-contact resonant ultrasound spectroscopy (NC-RUS). Bandwidth can be improved by pushing the signal energy towards high loss frequencies. It has been demonstrated that not just signal spectrum but also noise spectral density are irregular, therefore not only signal spectrum but SNR has to be equalized. The benefit of SNR-equalized signals in RUS is the improved SNR over broader bandwidth which results in better inverse solution convergence. Arbitrary position, and width pulses (APWP) sequences performed best. It was demonstrated that unipolar APWP signals can be used to obtain the acceptable performance of spectral shaping. Use of unipolar excitation allows for simpler electronics. While −20 dB bandwidth in case of pulse excitation was 480 kHz, APWP excitation produced 670 kHz bandwidth. The proposed was compared against pulse, linear frequency modulation (LFM) and nonlinear frequency modulation (NLFM) signals in NC-RUS measurements of plant leaf and polycarbonate plate. In leaf measurements, bias error in density estimation was 2 % with APWP signals while LFM resulted in 45 % and pulse in 60 % error. The polycarbonate sample velocity estimation error for polycarbonate sample using APWP signal was 0.2 %, while LFM was 10 times higher (2 %); density estimation error for APWP was 3 %, but LFM resulted in 36 %, NLFM error was 22 %, pulse excitation resulted in 12 % error.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18868,"journal":{"name":"Ndt & E International","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 103386"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143600591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Defect super-resolution algorithm based on infrared thermal imaging physical kernel 基于红外热成像物理内核的缺陷超分辨率算法

IF 4.1 2区材料科学

Ndt & E International Pub Date : 2025-03-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103368

Shunyao Wu , Bin Gao , Wai Lok Woo , Yongjie Yu , Yang Yang

{"title":"Defect super-resolution algorithm based on infrared thermal imaging physical kernel","authors":"Shunyao Wu , Bin Gao , Wai Lok Woo , Yongjie Yu , Yang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103368","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103368","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Infrared thermal imaging technology has been adopted for its advantages such as fast detection response, non-contact testing, and applicability to various objects. When testing a target object, this technology presents temperature distribution information of the target object's surface in the form of an image, achieving visualization. However, due to limitations in the hardware system of the thermal imager and the noise generated during the detection process, the resolution of infrared images is relatively low, and the details of the image are not rich enough, leading to limitations in specific defect detection. In this study, a defect super-resolution algorithm based on infrared thermal imaging physical kernel is proposed. The imaging degradation factors of the infrared images are analyzed, and the modulation transfer function of the infrared thermal imaging system is used as the physical prior to generate the underlying blur kernel of the infrared images. The infrared images are then reconstructed using a super-resolution algorithm based on the blur kernel. Obtained experimental results have demonstrated that the proposed method significantly improves the defect detection rate and the overall image quality. The demo code will be updated soon in <span><span>https://faculty.uestc.edu.cn/gaobin/zh_CN/lwcg/153392/list/index.htm</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18868,"journal":{"name":"Ndt & E International","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 103368"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143686391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stress identification of steel wire under tension-bending-shear coupling via resonance-enhanced magnetoelastic 基于共振增强磁弹性的钢丝拉弯剪耦合应力识别

IF 4.1 2区材料科学

Ndt & E International Pub Date : 2025-03-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103369

Senhua Zhang , Ying Yao , Leng Liao , Jianting Zhou , Runchuan Xia , Junfeng Xia , Hong Zhang

{"title":"Stress identification of steel wire under tension-bending-shear coupling via resonance-enhanced magnetoelastic","authors":"Senhua Zhang , Ying Yao , Leng Liao , Jianting Zhou , Runchuan Xia , Junfeng Xia , Hong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103369","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103369","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stress is a critical indicator for evaluating the safety of steel wire. In this paper, the principle of axial stress identification via resonance-enhanced magnetoelastic was analyzed. Stress monitoring experiments were conducted under different working conditions. The correlation between induced voltage and bending moment, as well as shear force, was investigated. The bending moment was evaluated with a mean absolute error of 0.96 kN m utilizing the random forest regression algorithm. The induced voltage increment caused by shear force was evaluated with a mean absolute error of 7.05 mV utilizing the extreme gradient boosting algorithm. An automated stress identification process based on the two-sensor method was proposed. When the tension-induced axial stress ranged from 800 MPa to 1200 MPa, the accuracy of stress identification improved by 17.73 % after accounting for the influence of bending moment and shear force. An innovative stress identification method is provided for steel wire under tension-bending-shear coupling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18868,"journal":{"name":"Ndt & E International","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 103369"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143619737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Magnetic field distribution under ferrite cores: An approximation model for ECT simulation 铁氧体磁芯下的磁场分布：ECT模拟的近似模型

IF 4.1 2区材料科学

Ndt & E International Pub Date : 2025-03-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103379

Athanasios Kyrgiazoglou , Anastassios Skarlatos , Theodoros Theodoulidis

引用次数: 0

Measurement of oxide film thickness for coated fuel rod cladding using swept-frequency ECT and parameters separation 扫描频率ECT和参数分离法测量包覆燃料棒包壳氧化膜厚度

IF 4.1 2区材料科学

Ndt & E International Pub Date : 2025-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103377

Na Zhang , Yifan Li , Chaofeng Ye , Ming Li , Xiaoguang Li

{"title":"Measurement of oxide film thickness for coated fuel rod cladding using swept-frequency ECT and parameters separation","authors":"Na Zhang , Yifan Li , Chaofeng Ye , Ming Li , Xiaoguang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103377","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103377","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The fuel rod cladding serves as the first safety barrier within a nuclear power plant. It is essential to measure and evaluate the thickness of oxide film on the fuel rod cladding with micrometer level precision to ensure the operation safety of the nuclear power plant. In recent years, fuel rods with metal coating are utilized to enhance the mechanic characteristics of the rods, resulting in further challenge for the measurement. This paper presents a novel swept-frequency eddy current testing (ECT) method for the oxide film thickness measurement, which suppresses the interference of the coating parameters by a multi-parameter separation algorithm. A finite element method model is established to study the effect of the conductivity of the cladding and thickness of the coating on the oxide film thickness measurement. Then, a multi-parameter separation algorithm is developed to process the simulation data. It is demonstrated that the calculation error of the algorithm is less than 0.4 μm with varying material parameters. In addition, a prototype probe is developed and tested. The experimental results show that with different thicknesses of metal coatings, the proposed method can measure the oxide film thickness on fuel rod cladding with error less than 3 μm, which can satisfy the field application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18868,"journal":{"name":"Ndt & E International","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 103377"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143592388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

FMCW THZ radar and X-ray analysis of wood properties: A comparative study FMCW太赫兹雷达与x射线分析木材性能的比较研究

IF 4.1 2区材料科学

Ndt & E International Pub Date : 2025-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103378

Caroline Marc, Bertrand Marcon, Louis Denaud, Stéphane Girardon

{"title":"FMCW THZ radar and X-ray analysis of wood properties: A comparative study","authors":"Caroline Marc, Bertrand Marcon, Louis Denaud, Stéphane Girardon","doi":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103378","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103378","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wood is a material valued for its mechanical properties and sustainability. It exhibits substantial variability in density due to its growth being influenced by the external environment. The measurement of its local properties is therefore crucial for various applications such as in the construction and transport industries. X-ray attenuation densitometry measurement is a well-established method, but it uses ionizing radiation which can pose hazards to human health. Its cost is significant in terms of investment and consumables. Terahertz (THz) technology, being non-ionizing and promising, emerges as an alternative for density imaging. Therefore, this study employs THz frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar, a novel approach, to assess its ability to predict local density in a pool of 110 samples from diverse wood species, with different thicknesses, and a wide density range (from 111 kg m<sup>−3</sup> to 1086 kg m<sup>−3</sup>) representative of the natural variability of wood density — both at the local scale of growth rings and at a global scale. The beating signal of the FMCW radar was modeled by considering the crossed medium as uniform, to extract both the optical index and the absorption coefficient. Additionally, the local density was measured using an X-ray industrial timber scanner as a reference for the actual local density. Results reveal strong correlations between density and THz parameters. However, the study highlights limitations in the THz modeling, such as wood vessel scattering, thickness influence, potential polarization effect, or non-uniformity of the medium between earlywood and latewood.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18868,"journal":{"name":"Ndt & E International","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 103378"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143576867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Depth estimation of internal defects from a sensitive frequency using thermal wave radar 利用热波雷达从敏感频率估计内部缺陷的深度

IF 4.1 2区材料科学

Ndt & E International Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103367

Lijun Zhuo , Yifan Xu , Jianguo Zhu , Hongchu Chen , Qiang Yang

{"title":"Depth estimation of internal defects from a sensitive frequency using thermal wave radar","authors":"Lijun Zhuo , Yifan Xu , Jianguo Zhu , Hongchu Chen , Qiang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103367","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103367","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermal wave radar is one of the active infrared thermographic techniques that detects defects by applying a broadband frequency modulated excitation and cross-correlation. Although it outperforms conventional methods in the depth resolvability and defect detectability, there still exist difficulties in the estimation of defect depth due to the distortion effect of heat diffusion and noises. This work aims to estimate the depth of an internal defect using a new parameter instead of the widely used blind frequency, namely the sensitive frequency, at which a maximum phase contrast is reached. The thermal wave radar is implemented by using a linear frequency modulated laser excitation. The phase contrast in function of frequency is obtained from the dual orthogonal demodulation algorithm. A linear relationship with calibrated coefficients is established between the sensitive frequency and the reciprocal of the square of depth. The effect of defect size on the linear relationship is studied, and a correction of the linear relationship is proposed to improve the accuracy of depth estimation. The proposed method is numerically verified and experimentally validated, and the results illustrated that the depths of defects with various aspect ratios can be well estimated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18868,"journal":{"name":"Ndt & E International","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 103367"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143592387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0