Ndt & E International最新文献

{"title":"Non-Destructive methodology for the evaluation of residual stresses by using Active Infrared Thermography measurements","authors":"Luca Corsaro,&nbsp;Francesca Curà,&nbsp;Raffaella Sesana","doi":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103435","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103435","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, a Non-Destructive approach based on an Active Infrared Thermography model is proposed for the evaluation of residual stresses produced by surface treatments. In particular, the thermal diffusivity was chosen as a Non-Destructive thermal index of the investigated surface treatments, and it was carefully evaluated by using Lock-In Thermography measurements. The Active Infrared Thermography model was developed using a similarity to coatings concept that exploits the idea of equivalent thermal diffusivity. In addition, the most relevant factors involved during the Non-Destructive analyses were taken into consideration by means of an Analysis of Variance. The experimental activities were conducted following a complete Design Of Experiment approach composed of both Taguchi Design and Response Surface Methodologies, allowing for the laser parameters calibration with the aim of identifying the interaction between microstructures, residual stresses and thermal diffusivity. This approach resulted in a novel Non-Destructive methodology for the evaluation of residual stresses based on Lock-In Thermography and hardness measurement. The obtained results were compared with the measurements provided by using the X-Ray diffraction meter, allowing errors on the residual stresses evaluation less than 5 %. The validity of the proposed Non-Destructive approach was presented for cylindrical samples and gears with different geometries. Moreover, different surface treatments were also investigated in this work, the induction hardening and the carburizing surface treatments respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18868,"journal":{"name":"Ndt & E International","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 103435"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elastic wave dispersion for heterogeneity characterization in cement-based media","authors":"Nicolas Ospitia ,&nbsp;Dimitrios G. Aggelis ,&nbsp;Gerlinde Lefever","doi":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103434","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103434","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultrasound has been extensively used to monitor the structural condition of cementitious materials and structures. Wave velocity among other parameters carries valuable information, as it depends on the material stiffness and heterogeneity. Although it is used for a first estimate of the performance, still, the full inspection capacity, especially in-situ has not been reached. Specifically, even when lower-than-expected wave velocities are measured, they cannot be attributed directly to a specific deterioration mechanism or heterogeneity size. Reasons include the limited sensitivity of pulse velocity to early signs of damage, limited capacity to interpret the waveform in terms of the structural condition, as well as technical issues including acoustic coupling. The present paper demonstrates that proper ultrasonic dispersion interpretation can pave the way to reliable assessment of the typical void size, allowing maintenance decisions based on engineering criteria in addition to established but rough empirical correlations of pulse velocity to concrete quality. The contribution of theoretical investigations in the explanation of the experimentally obtained behaviour is highlighted. The importance of the applied frequency is paramount because of the interaction between the wavelength and the heterogeneity or typical void size.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18868,"journal":{"name":"Ndt & E International","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 103434"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143947604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data-driven inversion model of asphalt pavement dielectric constant based on the forward simulation of composite materials","authors":"Yifang Chen ,&nbsp;Feng Li ,&nbsp;Siqi Zhou ,&nbsp;Xiao Zhang ,&nbsp;Song Zhang ,&nbsp;Qiang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The key to non-destructive density detection of newly constructed asphalt pavements using ground penetrating radar lies in measuring the dielectric constant. Deep learning-based dielectric constant inversion can significantly enhance the real-time performance and efficiency of density monitoring. This study presents a new pavement dielectric constant inversion network (NPDCI-Net), which utilizes an encoder-decoder architecture to perform real-time inversion of A-scan signals. The NPDCI-Net integrates an enhanced gated attention mechanism and a multi-scale fusion module to facilitate feature extraction. Forward simulations, accounting for material composition and structural characteristics, were applied to generate observation signals and construct a comprehensive training dataset. An optimized theoretical model was utilized to calculate the true dielectric constant curves of composite material numerical models corresponding to the signals. Ablation experiments and test results revealed that the NPDCI-Net outperformed other classic and state-of-the-art models due to the effective introductions and modifications of the gated attention layers and multi-scale fusion module. Compared with other models, NPDCI-Net demonstrated significant resistance to random noise and amplitude oscillations caused by the composite characteristics of asphalt mixtures. Finally, specially designed continuous equipment was employed to collect the observed signals from two different survey lines. Based on the electromagnetic mixing theory, NPDCI-Net's dielectric constant outcomes enabled accurate density prediction by comparing with the density of pavement core samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18868,"journal":{"name":"Ndt & E International","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 103432"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-contact ultrasonic stress measurement using lamb waves","authors":"Christoph Haugwitz ,&nbsp;Annalena Schardt ,&nbsp;Thomas Hahn-Jose ,&nbsp;Jan Helge Dörsam ,&nbsp;Sonja Wismath ,&nbsp;Sören Soennecken ,&nbsp;Hendrik Holzmann ,&nbsp;Heiko Atzrodt ,&nbsp;Jörg Lange ,&nbsp;Jan Steckel ,&nbsp;Mario Kupnik","doi":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103419","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103419","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stress measurement is essential in many applications such as aerospace or construction, and ultrasonic stress measurement systems are removable and non-destructive. Using air-coupled ultrasound has the advantage of being non-contact. In other works, an air-coupled ultrasonic phased array is used to adjust the coupling angle and then measure the stress using the conventional transit-time method. In this work, we investigate using the coupling angle of air-coupled Lamb waves directly to measure normal stress in the specimen. The coupling angle is dependent on the phase velocity, which, in turn, changes with the stress. We model that effect using numerical simulations with the semi-analytical finite element method. Ultrasonic measurements are conducted on foam-filled sandwich panels with two 0.5<span><math><mrow><mspace></mspace><mi>mm</mi></mrow></math></span> steel face sheets during full-scale bending tests according to EN 14509:2013. The ultrasonic stress measurement setup consists of an air-coupled phased array for transmission, a MEMS-microphone array for reception, and a laser Doppler vibrometer for reference. We measure the stress via the coupling angle using either the transmit or the receive phased array, and for reference, we measure the stress via the transit-time using the group velocity. The measurement method with the coupling angle method works, both with the transmit or the receive array, with a repeatability of 5.3<span><math><mrow><mspace></mspace><mi>MPa</mi></mrow></math></span> and 4.1<span><math><mrow><mspace></mspace><mi>MPa</mi></mrow></math></span>, respectively, in the range of 0 to 150<span><math><mrow><mspace></mspace><mi>MPa</mi></mrow></math></span>. The transit-time measurement performs better than the coupling angle method with a repeatability of 2.1<span><math><mrow><mspace></mspace><mi>MPa</mi></mrow></math></span> since time measurement is more accurate. However, the coupling angle methods measures phase velocity instead of group velocity. Therefore, both methods can be advantageously combined.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18868,"journal":{"name":"Ndt & E International","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 103419"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent development of alternating current field measurement technology for defects detection: A review","authors":"Xin'an Yuan ,&nbsp;Wei Li ,&nbsp;Guoming Chen ,&nbsp;Xiaokang Yin ,&nbsp;Shejuan Xie ,&nbsp;Lisha Peng ,&nbsp;Yunze He ,&nbsp;Xiucheng Liu ,&nbsp;Bin Gao ,&nbsp;Xiao Li ,&nbsp;Xiangyang Wang ,&nbsp;Jianming Zhao ,&nbsp;Jianchao Zhao ,&nbsp;Jianxi Ding ,&nbsp;Qinyu Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103430","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alternating current field measurement (ACFM) technology is a promising nondestructive testing (NDT) method with the advantages of non-contact capability, robustness to lift-off effects and quantitative detection. Recently, new theories, models, sensors and methods are introduced in the ACFM technique which improves the defect detection capability and expands the application scope. This paper presents a review of the state-of-the-art in ACFM technology and discusses future development directions. The paper aims to provide a roadmap for future research and development in the ACFM field. In the basic theory, the ACFM signal forward and the defect inverse problems have been studied by many researchers using new methods and techniques. New excitation modes and detection sensors have been developed to extend the scope of ACFM technology. With the growing demand for specialized detections and evaluation requirements, the ACFM technology has been increasingly applied in offshore, nuclear power, rail transport, and special equipment fields. The critical challenges and areas for further research are discussed in the paper. Based on the literature review and current industrial needs, it is evident that ACFM has entered a stage of rapid and mature development. Additionally, ACFM has given rise to several novel branches in conjunction with other technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18868,"journal":{"name":"Ndt & E International","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 103430"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143931824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Grouting quality detection of prestressed tendon ducts using array ultrasonic tomography","authors":"Yanqi Wu ,&nbsp;Yongping Wang ,&nbsp;Tengyi Wang ,&nbsp;Jian Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103429","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103429","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The grouting quality inspection of prestressed tendon ducts is crucial for detecting internal defects in prestressed structures. However, accurately assessing the grouting compactness within tendon ducts remains a significant challenge. To explore the feasibility and effectiveness of using array ultrasound for evaluating the grouting quality of prestressed ducts, this study proposes a method that leverages an improved deep learning model for identifying ducts and a technique based on ultrasound C-scan images for grouting quality assessment. Specifically, (1) by utilizing the proposed improved target detection model YOLOV7-SE, automatic recognition and localization of ducts in ultrasound images are achieved, which aids in selecting the appropriate depth range for C-scan image; (2) based on laboratory test results, criteria and procedures for assessing grouting quality using array ultrasound C-scan images are established. Ultrasound testing on simulated prestressed box beam top and web plates shows that the improved model accurately locates and marks the positions of tendon ducts, providing a reliable basis for setting the depth of ultrasound C-scan images. The reflective characteristics of the ultrasound C-scan images allow for a qualitative assessment of the grouting quality within the inspected area. The feasibility of the proposed method has been effectively validated through laboratory tests and field inspections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18868,"journal":{"name":"Ndt & E International","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 103429"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143903729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Few-shot ultrasonic defect classification in insulation materials using finite element simulation and Siamese neural networks","authors":"Shaoheng Song ,&nbsp;Xiaojian Liu ,&nbsp;Hang Li ,&nbsp;Zhifeng Li ,&nbsp;Weihua Liu ,&nbsp;Yaqin Song","doi":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103424","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-performing models for structural defect classification and intelligent recognition generally require extensive, high-quality datasets. However, acquiring authentic defect data is usually costly. This paper investigates an intelligent defect classification model based on a Siamese neural network, utilizing extensive finite element simulation data supplemented by a limited set of experimental data. This study focuses on basin-type insulator materials with internal circular hole defects. For each of the 11 different defect sizes and locations, 300 simulation samples were generated and embedded with experimental noise. An ultrasound signal was measured for each defect type and paired with the corresponding simulation data to form the training set. A Siamese neural network was constructed to extract common features from both the experimental and simulation datasets. The model was tested using experimental data from various defect specimens, resulting in a classification accuracy exceeding 95 % on the two-dimensional reconstructed experimental data. The research showed that the accuracy of the model with a single input experimental sample is comparable to the supervised learning results with 80-shot setting. This indicates that the Siamese neural network can effectively learn common features between simulated and experimental data, achieving satisfactory classification performance even with a small number of experimental samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18868,"journal":{"name":"Ndt & E International","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 103424"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143924361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement of pulse compression Rayleigh-wave EMATs","authors":"Shujuan Wang ,&nbsp;Runjie Yang ,&nbsp;Zhichao Li ,&nbsp;Ji Jiang ,&nbsp;Zhengyang Qu ,&nbsp;Xi Li ,&nbsp;Chuanliu Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultrasonic Rayleigh waves play a key role in the non-destructive testing due to their high sensitivity to surface defects. Meander-line coil electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs) can efficiently excite Rayleigh waves without contacting the specimen. Recently, the pulse compression technique (PCT) has been introduced to Rayleigh-wave EMATs to obtain spike-shaped signals, significantly improving the detection capability of adjacent defects. However, the small amplitude of the received signal limits the practical application of PCT in Rayleigh-wave EMATs. In order to enhance the signal amplitude, the principle of pulse compression EMATs is firstly analyzed using an analytical model in this paper. Next, we propose the design method of meander-line coils utilizing pulse-width modulation (PWM), and the performance of PWM coils is confirmed through the improved spatial pulse compression (SPC) technique. Then, the temporal-spatial-spatial pulse compression (TSSPC) is proposed to further increase the amplitude with the exaction signal designed by the time reversal method. After that, a digital matched filter is designed as an additional gain to improve the received signal, which is temporal-spatial-spatial-temporal pulse compression (TSSTPC) technique. Finally, the effectiveness of the above PCT Rayleigh-wave EMATs are verified by experiments. It is found that, compared with the previous SPC, the received signals in improved SPC, TSSPC and TSSTPC proposed in this paper are increased by 11.3 dB, 23.7 dB and 24.7 dB, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18868,"journal":{"name":"Ndt & E International","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 103427"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143906376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micro-magnetic non-destructive characterization of multi-clad array coating of FeCoCrNiMo high entropy alloy in laser cladding","authors":"Vikas Diwakar,&nbsp;Ashwani Sharma,&nbsp;Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai,&nbsp;Meghanshu Vashista","doi":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper highlights the potential of NDT approach i.e., micro-magnetic barkhausen noise (MBN) and hysteresis loop (HL) techniques to assess the complex microstructural and mechanical characteristic of multi-coating FeCoCrNiMo high entropy alloy over inadequate EN24 steel using laser cladding. To analyze the trends of the micro-magnetic responses, magnetic frequency and magnetic field intensity as input factors are varied. The obtained micromagnetic responses, i.e., peak, RMS, average permeability, coercivity, and remanence linearly correlated with the microstructural aspect i.e. grain size, microhardness, and XRD-FWHM of the cladded, interface, and substrate region and its correlational coefficient lie in range of ∼0.9350 to 0.9942, ∼0.8996 to 0.9793, ∼0.8464 to 0.9927, ∼0.8464 to 0.9927, ∼0.8433 to 0.9766, and ∼0.8255 to 0.9674, respectively. Post processing of magnetic signals indicated the negligible MBN peak shifting with narrow envelope and limited saturation level of HL envelope was observed in cladded zone as followed by substrate caused by uniform grain refinement (∼9 μm) along with higher microhardness (470 HV) and XRD-FWHM (0.76) and complex multiphase distribution under controlled laser processing. It is confirmed that MBN and HL techniques provides the quick and reliable response of additively coated HEA's on-line production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18868,"journal":{"name":"Ndt & E International","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 103428"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrafast wide field-of-view ultrasonic diverging wave imaging based on delay p-th root and sum beamforming","authors":"Lida Yu ,&nbsp;Xiongbing Li ,&nbsp;Song Yao ,&nbsp;Hongwei Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103426","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103426","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultrafast ultrasonic phased array imaging has attracted considerable attention in automated inspection applications owing to its exceptionally high frame rates. Plane wave imaging (PWI) technique, utilizing the delay and sum (DAS) linear beamforming algorithm, offer high frame rates but is constrained by a narrow field-of-view (FOV). In this work, we proposed an ultrafast, wide FOV, and high-quality imaging method that combines diverging wave imaging with delay <em>p</em>-th root and sum (DWI-D<em>p</em>RAS) nonlinear beamforming algorithm. A wide emission ultrasonic field is generated by controlling the delay laws of elements to form a diverging wavefront. The D<em>p</em>RAS algorithm is then employed to suppress noise and artifacts, enabling high-quality imaging. The effectiveness of the proposed method is evaluated through simulations on scatterer targets and experiments conducted on aluminum, copper alloy, and rail standard samples. The results demonstrate that DWI-D<em>p</em>RAS imaging with 32 elements and 87,000 focal points on CUDA platform, achieves a frame rate of approximately 1010 fps. This represents a 7.81-times improvement over the traditional total focusing method (TFM). Additionally, the SNR of reconstructed images for aluminum, copper alloy, and rail standard samples is enhanced by at least 6.8 dB, 9.66 dB, and 11.77 dB, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18868,"journal":{"name":"Ndt & E International","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 103426"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}