National Science Review最新文献_第6页

Molecular-level petroleum refining by graded membranes. 梯度膜的分子级石油精炼。

IF 18.1 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2026-08-12 eCollection Date: 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwag488

Yuecheng Wang, Fang-Di Dong, Yujie Ban, Ziyi Hu, Dong-Dong Zhou, Jie-Peng Zhang, Xiao-Ming Chen, Weishen Yang

引用次数: 0

Contrasting glacier mass balance changes in High Mountain Asia from 1975 to 2013. 1975 - 2013年亚洲高山冰川物质平衡变化对比

IF 18.1 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2026-08-12 eCollection Date: 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwag486

Yushan Zhou, Yingzheng Wang, Donghai Zheng, Wenfeng Chen, Guoqing Zhang, Bo Su, Bin Cao, Jun Hu, Zhiwei Li, Xin Li

引用次数: 0

Control regimes of nitrate air pollution reconciled by multiphase dissociation equilibrium. 通过多相解离平衡调节硝酸盐空气污染的控制机制。

IF 18.1 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2026-08-11 eCollection Date: 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwag481

Guangjie Zheng, Guannan Geng, Yuexuanzi Wang, Yuxi Liu, Ruilin Wan, Yihao Wang, Hongli Wang, Xiue Shen, Jingkun Jiang, Qiang Zhang, Kebin He, Yafang Cheng, Hang Su

{"title":"Control regimes of nitrate air pollution reconciled by multiphase dissociation equilibrium.","authors":"Guangjie Zheng, Guannan Geng, Yuexuanzi Wang, Yuxi Liu, Ruilin Wan, Yihao Wang, Hongli Wang, Xiue Shen, Jingkun Jiang, Qiang Zhang, Kebin He, Yafang Cheng, Hang Su","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwag481","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nsr/nwag481","url":null,"abstract":"Particulate nitrate is a major component of haze pollution, yet substantial debate exists regarding its effective control policies. Here, we develop a multiphase dissociation equilibrium equation, based on which the influence of meteorological conditions and chemical profiles can be decoupled, and the analytical expression of nitrate sensitivity to different species can be derived. With this framework, four nitrate control regimes are identified, namely the nitric-acid-control, ammonia-control, transition, and meteorology regimes. The framework also explains the trade-offs between sulfate and nitrate, and elucidates the influence of sulfate and non-volatile cations on the regime transitions. Across most Northern Hemisphere continental regions, and nearly all of China, particulate nitrate is generally more sensitive to nitric acid than to ammonia due to the universal NH3 excess. The framework provides transparent criteria for interpreting nitrate sensitivity and control regime classifications, serving as an important scientific basis for nitrate control policies and reactive nitrogen interactions.","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"13 17","pages":"nwag481"},"PeriodicalIF":18.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13556601/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148920186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multi-channel high-speed flip-chip packaging platform for thin-film lithium niobate photonic circuits. 薄膜铌酸锂光子电路多通道高速倒装封装平台。

IF 18.1 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2026-08-10 eCollection Date: 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwag480

Zhenzheng Wang, Xiangzhi Xie, Yikun Chen, Yifan Wu, Zeyu Luo, Hanke Feng, Yulong Chen, Zengyi Xu, Zixi Wang, Yuansong Zeng, Mandie Huang, Ke Zhang, Yingxia Liu, Cheng Wang

{"title":"Multi-channel high-speed flip-chip packaging platform for thin-film lithium niobate photonic circuits.","authors":"Zhenzheng Wang, Xiangzhi Xie, Yikun Chen, Yifan Wu, Zeyu Luo, Hanke Feng, Yulong Chen, Zengyi Xu, Zixi Wang, Yuansong Zeng, Mandie Huang, Ke Zhang, Yingxia Liu, Cheng Wang","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwag480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwag480","url":null,"abstract":"To address the urgent need for multi-channel high-speed electrical interfacing of thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) photonic circuits, we realize a flip-chip packaging platform capable of simultaneously delivering 13 high-speed and 32 low-speed electronic signals to a centimeter-sized TFLN chip. The platform exhibits low flip-chip bonding loss and low inter-channel crosstalk over a broad bandwidth up to 50 GHz. Leveraging this packaging platform, we demonstrate high-speed electrical interfacing with two proof-of-concept TFLN photonic circuits, namely a 2 × 8 optical switch and an electro-optic comb-based transmitter. The switch achieves arbitrary 8-channel routing with ∼3 dB insertion loss, <-20 dB crosstalk, and an equipment-limited switching time of ≤34 ps. The transmitter circuit includes a 50 GHz electro-optic comb generator with 2.8-dB flatness, a tunable microring to arbitrarily filter one comb line, and a modulator for data transmission at 20 Gbit/s. The packaging platform could significantly advance large-scale TFLN circuits in optical communications, microwave photonics, and photonic computing.","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"13 19","pages":"nwag480"},"PeriodicalIF":18.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13637627/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149112368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tipping points and cascading transitions: methods, principles, and evidence. 引爆点和级联转换：方法、原则和证据。

IF 18.1 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2026-08-07 eCollection Date: 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwag478

Sheng Fang, Ziyan Wang, Jürgen Kurths, Jingfang Fan

{"title":"Tipping points and cascading transitions: methods, principles, and evidence.","authors":"Sheng Fang, Ziyan Wang, Jürgen Kurths, Jingfang Fan","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwag478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwag478","url":null,"abstract":"This review synthesizes recent advancements in understanding tipping points and cascading transitions within the Earth system, framing them through the lens of nonlinear dynamics and complexity science. It outlines the fundamental concepts of tipping elements, large-scale subsystems like the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation and the Amazon rainforest, and classifies tipping mechanisms into bifurcation-, noise-, and rate-induced types. The article critically evaluates methods for detecting early-warning signals, particularly those based on critical slowing down, while also acknowledging their limitations and the promise of non-conventional indicators. Furthermore, we explore the significant risk of cascading transitions between interacting tipping elements, often modeled using conceptual network models. This shows that such interactions can substantially increase systemic risk under global warming. The review concludes by outlining key challenges related to data limitations and methodological robustness, and emphasizes the promising role of artificial intelligence and complex network science in advancing prediction and risk assessment of Earth system tipping dynamics.","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"13 20","pages":"nwag478"},"PeriodicalIF":18.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13715440/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149298834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impacts of multitrophic biological loop on soil carbon sequestration. 多营养生物循环对土壤固碳的影响。

IF 18.1 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2026-08-06 eCollection Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwag475

Guixiang Zhou, Junxi Liu, Jiabao Zhang

引用次数: 0

Moon Insight: a conceptual framework for future lunar exploration. 月球洞察：未来月球探索的概念框架。

IF 18.1 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2026-08-05 eCollection Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwag474

Yang Liu, Yongliao Zou, Chi Wang

引用次数: 0

The Australian-Indonesian monsoon through time. 澳洲-印尼季风随时间的变化。

IF 18.1 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2026-08-05 eCollection Date: 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwag473

Mahyar Mohtadi, Martina Hollstein, Mehdi Pasha Karami, Haowen Dang, Zhimin Jian, Andreas Lückge, James M Russell, Stephan Steinke

{"title":"The Australian-Indonesian monsoon through time.","authors":"Mahyar Mohtadi, Martina Hollstein, Mehdi Pasha Karami, Haowen Dang, Zhimin Jian, Andreas Lückge, James M Russell, Stephan Steinke","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwag473","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nsr/nwag473","url":null,"abstract":"The Australian-Indonesian monsoon (AIM) is the manifestation of seasonal rainfall change and wind reversal over northern Australia and the Maritime Continent, within a region of extreme land-sea fragmentation. Past AIM variability and change have been related to large, covarying shifts in the boundary conditions such as the atmospheric CO2, Northern Hemisphere ice sheets, orbital insolation, and sea-level variations. This review synthesizes what is currently known about AIM evolution and mechanisms, emphasizing the Quaternary where proxy evidence, dating control, and modeling experiments are most abundant. We assess how model hierarchies have been used to separate rainfall and circulation responses, diagnose the role of SST pattern changes and inter-hemispheric energy balance, and show whether shelf exposure should be treated as a first-order monsoon control or a modest boundary condition adjustment. We argue that progress now hinges more on explicit quantification of data uncertainty and proxy-aware evaluation, as well as using isotope-enabled transient simulations and proxy system models that compare models to what proxies record rather than to precipitation alone.","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"13 17","pages":"nwag473"},"PeriodicalIF":18.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13639189/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149112033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Topological design yields MR-TADF emitters with sub-10 nm emission bandwidths. 拓扑设计产生了发射带宽低于10纳米的MR-TADF发射器。

IF 18.1 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2026-08-05 eCollection Date: 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwag468

Changfeng Si, Eli Zysman-Colman, Zachary M Hudson

引用次数: 0

Steering the reaction pathway of methane-to-oxygenates with zero CO₂ production via photo-thermal catalysis. 通过光热催化控制甲烷-氧合物零CO2生成的反应途径。

IF 18.1 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2026-08-05 eCollection Date: 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwag472

Xia Li, Junzhi Wang, Fengxia Wang, Yajie Fu, Peng Wang, Wei Lin, Yu Tang, Lizhi Wu, Li Tan

{"title":"Steering the reaction pathway of methane-to-oxygenates with zero CO2 production via photo-thermal catalysis.","authors":"Xia Li, Junzhi Wang, Fengxia Wang, Yajie Fu, Peng Wang, Wei Lin, Yu Tang, Lizhi Wu, Li Tan","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwag472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwag472","url":null,"abstract":"The direct conversion of CH4 into liquid oxygenates via heterogeneous catalysis is highly challenging due to the facile overoxidation of target products. Herein, we present a potential Ag-modified In2O3 photo-thermal catalyst that enables the selective oxidation of CH4 to CH3OH and HCHO using molecular O2 under mild conditions (150°C, Xe lamp irradiation). The optimized Ag-3/In2O3 catalyst exhibits remarkable performance, achieving 100% selectivity toward liquid oxygenates with complete suppression of CO2 formation, and delivers a high production rate of 6544 μmol · g-1 · h-1, 2.6 times greater than that under pure photocatalysis at 25°C. Mechanistic studies reveal that photogenerated holes facilitate C-H bond activation to form ·CH3 radicals, while O2 is selectively reduced at electron-rich Ag sites to generate ·OH species. Meanwhile, it is demonstrated that excessive ·OH generation on the Ag-10/In2O3 contrast catalyst promotes HCHO overoxidation to CO2, highlighting the importance of ·OH regulation in determining product selectivity over the Ag-3/In2O3 catalyst. Moreover, combined with experiments and DFT calculations, the results demonstrate that In2O3 with a suitable band structure exhibits weak adsorption affinity toward CH3OH and HCHO, while also providing an in-depth understanding of the zero CO2 emissions in this catalytic process. The work illustrates that the strategic coupling of thermal and photocatalytic pathways enhances charge-carrier utilization and promotes selective radical chemistry for efficient CH4 valorization.","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"13 19","pages":"nwag472"},"PeriodicalIF":18.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13717460/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149298314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0