MycosciencePub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.47371/mycosci.2023.01.001
Ryota Kusakabe, Masahide Yamato
{"title":"Isolation and identification of an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus specifically associated with mycoheterotrophic seedlings of <i>Gentiana zollingeri</i> (<i>Gentianaceae</i>).","authors":"Ryota Kusakabe, Masahide Yamato","doi":"10.47371/mycosci.2023.01.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47371/mycosci.2023.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Gentiana zollingeri</i> (<i>Gentianaceae</i>) is an initial mycoheterotrophic plant that depends on a specific group of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi for carbon source during underground growth after seed germination. In this study, a mycorrhizal fungus dominant in mycoheterotrophic seedlings of <i>G. zollingeri</i> was successfully isolated from a soil core collected from a point close to a flowering <i>G. zollingeri</i>. The AM fungal isolate was identified as conspecific or closely related to <i>Dominikia aurea</i> (<i>Glomeraceae</i>) by spore morphology and molecular phylogeny. Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) searches against the Maarj<i>AM</i> database showed that the nuclear small subunit ribosomal DNA sequences of the isolate matched the AM fungal sequences obtained from a wide range of plants in various ecosystems, including several mycoheterotrophs. Thus, it is suggested that the AM fungal isolate is one of the cheating susceptible AM fungi. Furthermore, the sequences corresponded to those of a group of AM fungi dominantly detected in Japanese temperate forests. Accordingly, there is a possibility that mycoheterotrophic plants, including seedlings of <i>G. zollingeri</i>, may target AM fungi with a wide host range and ubiquitous distribution.</p>","PeriodicalId":18780,"journal":{"name":"Mycoscience","volume":"64 2","pages":"55-62"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d2/43/MYC-64-055.PMC10165169.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9446096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Re-examination of a rare protosteloid amoeba <i>Schizoplasmodiopsis micropunctata</i>, and the revision of <i>Tychosporium</i> (<i>Cavosteliida</i>, <i>Variosea</i>, <i>Amoebozoa</i>).","authors":"Yoshiaki Iwamoto, Yousuke Degawa, Takeshi Nakayama","doi":"10.47371/mycosci.2023.01.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47371/mycosci.2023.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The genus <i>Schizoplasmodiopsis</i> is one of the most morphologically diverse groups among the class <i>Variosea</i>. Recent phylogenetic studies suggest that <i>Schizoplasmodiopsis</i> is polyphyletic, but there are few taxonomic studies of this genus. We established <i>S. micropunctata</i> strain YIP-40, observed in detail its of morphology and lifecycle, and conducted a phylogenetic analysis. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that <i>S. micropunctata</i> was sister to <i>Tychosporium acutostipes</i>. Scanning electron microscopy showed <i>S. micropunctata</i> had a non-deciduous hilum structure that is unique to <i>Tychosporium</i>. The morphology of amoebae, mitotic behavior, and prespore cells of <i>S. micropunctata</i> also supported the close relationship to <i>Tychosporium</i>. We propose to transfer <i>S. micropunctata</i> to <i>Tychosporium</i> and emend the generic concept of <i>Tychosporium</i> to include this species.</p>","PeriodicalId":18780,"journal":{"name":"Mycoscience","volume":"64 2","pages":"63-68"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/69/7b/MYC-64-063.PMC10165171.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9452437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MycosciencePub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.47371/mycosci.2023.03.001
Ya-Li Sun, Tolgor Bau
{"title":"<i>Rhodocybe subasyae</i>, a new species of <i>Rhodocybe</i> sect. <i>Rufobrunnea</i> (<i>Entolomataceae, Agaricales</i>) from northeast China.","authors":"Ya-Li Sun, Tolgor Bau","doi":"10.47371/mycosci.2023.03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47371/mycosci.2023.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Rhodocybe</i> subasyae is described from northeast China as a new species with both morphological and molecular characteristics, which is morphologically characterized by its tricholomatoid basidiomata, orange white to beige red pileus, adnexed to sinuate lamellae and long clavate branched cheilocystidia within section <i>Rufobrunnea</i>. The phylogenetic tree based on internal transcribed spacers of rDNA (nrITS) sequences using Bayesian methods showed that new taxon was distinguished from other species of <i>Rhodocybe</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":18780,"journal":{"name":"Mycoscience","volume":"64 3","pages":"96-100"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1c/e7/64_mycosci.2023.03.001.PMC10308067.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9737067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MycosciencePub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.47371/mycosci.2022.12.003
Takashi Yaguchi
{"title":"Polymerase chain reaction-based methods for the detection of heat-resistant ascomycetous fungi.","authors":"Takashi Yaguchi","doi":"10.47371/mycosci.2022.12.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47371/mycosci.2022.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is increasing incidence of food spoilage and health hazards caused by heat-resistant fungi belonging to the genera <i>Byssochlamys</i>, <i>Thermoascus</i>, and <i>Neosartorya</i>, among others. Their ascospores cannot be sterilized by heating the food. The microbiological risk assessment studies of these fungi during the production of food and beverages indicated that these fungal species or genera in food are associated with different health risks. Therefore, it is necessary to distinguish <i>Byssochlamys</i>, <i>Thermoascus</i>, and <i>Neosartorya</i> from other fungi in the food industry. These genera can be identified by sequence analysis of housekeeping genes such as β-tubulin, but the process is costly and time-consuming. Therefore, rapid and simple PCR-based methods have been developed using specific primer sets for genus- or species-level identification. PCR amplification products are observed to be specific for each of these genera or species and do not cross-react with other fungi associated with food spoilage and environmental contamination. These identification methods are simple, rapid, and highly specific, making them feasible for use in the quality management of food production plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":18780,"journal":{"name":"Mycoscience","volume":"64 2","pages":"47-54"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/28/c0/MYC-64-047.PMC10165168.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9458142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MycosciencePub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.47371/mycosci.2023.04.001
Li-Qiong Cai, Chang-Lin Zhao
{"title":"Molecular phylogeny and morphology reveal a new wood-rotting fungal species, <i>Sistotrema yunnanense</i> sp. nov. from the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau.","authors":"Li-Qiong Cai, Chang-Lin Zhao","doi":"10.47371/mycosci.2023.04.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47371/mycosci.2023.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wood-rotting fungi are important components of woody plant ecosystems and play an active role in the decomposition and turnover of nutrients from wood, and are among the major groups of <i>Basidiomycota</i>. In this study, a new species of wood-rotting fungus, <i>Sistotrema yunnanense</i>, was proposed based on morphological characteristics and molecular evidence. It is characterized by resupinate basidiomata, a monomitic hyphal system having generative hyphae with clamp connections, suburniform to urniform basidia, and short-cylindrical to oblong ellipsoid basidiospores (4.5-6.5 × 3-4 µm). Phylogenetic analyses performed using the large subunit nuc rDNA indicated that <i>S. yunnanense</i> was nested within the genus <i>Sistotrema s.l.</i> of the family <i>Hydnaceae</i>, within the order <i>Cantharellales</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":18780,"journal":{"name":"Mycoscience","volume":"64 3","pages":"101-108"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/37/14/64_mycosci.2023.04.001.PMC10308066.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9743471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MycosciencePub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.47371/mycosci.2022.12.004
Yukako Hattori, Lynn Nakano, Chiharu Nakashima
{"title":"Taxonomic re-examination of Japanese isolates of the genus <i>Lasiodiplodia</i>.","authors":"Yukako Hattori, Lynn Nakano, Chiharu Nakashima","doi":"10.47371/mycosci.2022.12.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47371/mycosci.2022.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Lasiodiplodia</i> species cause dieback, shoot blight, fruit rot, and stem-end rot of woody plants. Recently, studies on taxonomic revision of <i>Lasiodiplodia</i> species have been conducted globally and have led to more clarification of the species diversity of this genus. However, only three species of the genus have been reported in Japan. To evaluate the species diversity of <i>Lasiodiplodia</i> in Japan, we re-examined the taxonomical positions of 30 isolates based on their morphological and cultural characteristics and phylogenetic relationships. Phylogenetic analyses were performed using a matrix comprising ITS, <i>tef1, tub2</i>, and <i>rpb2</i> sequences, and the results indicate that the examined Japanese isolates belong to six species: <i>Lasiodiplodia brasiliensis, L. hormozganensis, L. pseudotheobromae, L. thailandica, L. theobromae</i>, and <i>Lasiodiplodia</i> sp. Moreover, three of these species were newly added to the Japanese mycoflora.</p>","PeriodicalId":18780,"journal":{"name":"Mycoscience","volume":"64 2","pages":"74-82"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/cd/9b/MYC-64-074.PMC10165170.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9454642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MycosciencePub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.47371/mycosci.2022.11.001
Sarah Hambleton, Miao Liu
{"title":"DNA barcode sequencing discovered the aecial host of <i>Puccinia chunjiei</i>.","authors":"Sarah Hambleton, Miao Liu","doi":"10.47371/mycosci.2022.11.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47371/mycosci.2022.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The telial stage of <i>Puccinia chunjiei</i> was described in 2012 from a single specimen collected in China (DAOM 240982). This species is the closest relative of <i>P. graminis</i> but differs in telial morphology on their grass hosts and in DNA sequences. As part of a DNA-barcoding project for rust herbarium specimens, collections of the aecial stage of <i>P. graminis</i> on <i>Berberis</i> were processed. For one specimen, BPI 1103856, the ITS sequence matched that of <i>P. chunjiei</i> and the aecial morphology differed from <i>P. graminis</i>. An expanded description of <i>P. chunjiei</i> is presented with photographs of the aecial stages of both species.</p>","PeriodicalId":18780,"journal":{"name":"Mycoscience","volume":"64 1","pages":"35-39"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e8/95/MYC-64-035.PMC10025072.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9741086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MycosciencePub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.47371/mycosci.2022.12.001
Alex Almeida Alcantara, Ricardo Matheus Pires, Adriana de Mello Gugliotta
{"title":"A new species of <i>Neofavolus</i> (<i>Polyporales, Basidiomycota</i>) from Brazil.","authors":"Alex Almeida Alcantara, Ricardo Matheus Pires, Adriana de Mello Gugliotta","doi":"10.47371/mycosci.2022.12.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47371/mycosci.2022.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Neofavolus teixeirae</i> sp. nov. (<i>Basidiomycota</i>) is described and illustrated based on specimens collected from a reforestation area in southeastern Brazil. This new species is characterized by a lateral stipe up to 1.3 cm long, lacerate and angular pores measuring 0.5-2 (-2.5) per mm, and cylindrical to subcylindrical basidiospores. Phylogenetic analyses of the ITS and LSU regions confirmed its phylogenetic placement and taxonomic identity. A key to <i>Neofavolus</i> species is presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":18780,"journal":{"name":"Mycoscience","volume":"64 2","pages":"69-73"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/8f/76/MYC-64-069.PMC10165172.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9458143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preliminary exploration on the ectomycorrhizal status of a wild edible <i>Gomphus</i> species from Southwest China.","authors":"Yangyang Geng, Shixin Zhang, Ningxian Yang, Likang Qin","doi":"10.47371/mycosci.2022.12.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47371/mycosci.2022.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A wild edible <i>Gomphus</i> species was discovered at local wild mushroom markets from May to November in Southwest China, where it was eaten for hundreds of years. However, litter information on the taxonomy is available. Whether <i>Gomphus</i> is a saprotrophic, parasitic, or ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungus is unclear. In the present study, field investigation, fungi isolation, optimum medium, morphological description, molecular analyses, and preliminary exploration on mycorrhizal synthesis were carried out. The morphological and molecular analyses showed that the same species between <i>Gomphus</i> <i>matijun</i> and <i>Gomphus</i> sp. (zituoluo) might be the related species of <i>Gomphus purpuraceus</i>. Moreover, the root dry weight and first-lateral root number of inoculated seedlings were significantly enhanced by evaluating <i>Pinus massoniana</i> seedlings inoculated with <i>G. matijun</i>. Meanwhile, the levels of nine phytohormones, including five new phytohormones, in the roots of inoculated seedlings were upregulated. This study explored the mycorrhizal synthesis of the wild edible <i>Gomphus</i> species from Southwest China with <i>P. massoniana</i> Lamb. We concluded that <i>G. matijun</i> might be an ECM fungus. The mycorrhizal synthesis of <i>G. matijun</i> under pure culture conditions provided the basis for the next inoculation under controlled soil conditions, making the conservation and cultivation of <i>G. matijun</i> feasible in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":18780,"journal":{"name":"Mycoscience","volume":"64 2","pages":"83-95"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/49/fb/MYC-64-083.PMC10165173.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9452438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MycosciencePub Date : 2022-12-26eCollection Date: 2023-01-01DOI: 10.47371/mycosci.2022.09.004
Hiroki Sato, Sayaka Ban, Tsuyoshi Hosoya
{"title":"Reassessment of type specimens of <i>Cordyceps</i> and its allies, described by Dr. Yosio Kobayasi and preserved in the mycological herbarium of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Part 4. <i>Cordyceps</i> s. l. on Lepidoptera.","authors":"Hiroki Sato, Sayaka Ban, Tsuyoshi Hosoya","doi":"10.47371/mycosci.2022.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.47371/mycosci.2022.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dr. Kobayasi and Mr. Shimizu described 31 species of <i>Cordyceps</i> infecting <i>Lepidoptera</i>. Holotype specimens of 14 species and two authentic specimens of one of the 31 species were rediscovered from a herbarium of the National Museum of Nature and Science (TNS). Registration numbers (TNS-F-number) were given to these 16 specimens, and one was lectotypified as follows. Holotypes: <i>Metarhizium indigoticum</i> TNS-F-230337; <i>Yosiokobayasia kusanagiensis</i> TNS-F-197994 (<i>Clavicipitaceae</i>); <i>Beauveria hepialidicola</i> (Kobayasi & Shimizu) Hirok. Sato, S. Ban & Hosoya, comb. nov. TNS-F-197986; <i>Cordyceps ampullacea</i> TNS-F-197981, <i>Cordyceps militaris</i> f. <i>alba</i> TNS-F-230340, <i>Cordyceps ochraceostromata</i> TNS-F-195471, and <i>Cordyceps rosea</i> TNS-F-197972 (<i>Cordyceps</i> sensu stricto, <i>Cordycipitaceae</i>); <i>Ophiocordyceps aurantia</i> TNS-F-195485, <i>Ophiocordyceps cochlidiicola</i> TNS-F-195470, and <i>Ophiocordyceps hiugensis</i> TNS-F-197978 (<i>Ophiocordy-cipitaceae</i>); and <i>Cordyceps changpaishanensis</i> TNS-F-195501, <i>Cordyceps ootakiensis</i> TNS-F-197976, <i>Cordyceps shimizui</i> TNS-F-197995, and <i>Cordyceps sulfurea</i> TNS-F-197974 (<i>Cordyceps</i> sensu lato). Lectotype: <i>Cordyceps bulolensis</i> TNS-F-230327 (<i>Cordyceps</i> sensu lato). A new combination <i>Beauveria hepialidicola</i> comb. nov., is proposed for <i>Cordyceps hepialidicola</i> based on morphological observations.</p>","PeriodicalId":18780,"journal":{"name":"Mycoscience","volume":"64 1","pages":"40-46"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/46/63/MYC-64-040.PMC10025073.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9443825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}