Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"The Ophthalmology Workload during the Lebanese Crisis and Pandemic.","authors":"Zahi Wehbi, Malak Halawy, Bahaa Noureddin, Christiane Al-Haddad","doi":"10.4103/meajo.meajo_130_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/meajo.meajo_130_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose is to to explore the effects of the Lebanese economic crisis on the ophthalmology workload in Lebanon, and the concomitant influence of the COVID-19-related lockdown and Beirut port explosion.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data pertaining to all the clinic visits to the Ophthalmology Department at the American University of Beirut Medical Center between January 01, 2019, and December 31, 2021, were extracted. Completed visits to different subspecialties were used to analyze the different parameters. All parameters were compared across the 3 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 102,810 completed visits in this study. A total decrease of 15.3% occurred in visits between 2019 and 2020. The mean number of patients per month decreased significantly between 2019 and 2020 in retina/uveitis and glaucoma/anterior segment clinics. The same trend was observed in pediatric/neuro-ophthalmology and cornea/refractive surgery, although it did not reach statistical significance. For oculoplastics, the workload actually tended to increase from 2019 to 2021. During the pandemic-related lockdown (March, April, and May 2020), the workload decreased by 37.8% in oculoplastics, 63.4% in pediatric/neuro-ophthalmology, 52.8% in retina/uveitis, 60.2% in cornea/refractive surgery, and 50.7% in glaucoma/anterior segment. After the Beirut port explosion in August 2020, an overall decrease of 30.2% was found in the number of patient visits in all sub-specialties, while the number of patients in oculoplastics remained nearly unchanged.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The ophthalmology workload was strongly affected by the economic crisis in all subspecialties especially with the pandemic in 2020, except for oculoplastics. During the pandemic, the most affected subspecialty was the pediatric/neuroophthalmology, while oculoplastics was the least affected.</p>","PeriodicalId":18740,"journal":{"name":"Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"30 1","pages":"31-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10903720/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140022259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eye Health Integration in Southern and Eastern Africa: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Cynthia L A Ogundo, Covadonga Bascaran, Esmael Habtamu, John Buchan, Nyawira Mwangi","doi":"10.4103/meajo.meajo_320_21","DOIUrl":"10.4103/meajo.meajo_320_21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Integrated health systems are deemed necessary for the attainment of universal health coverage, and the East, Central, and Southern Africa Health Community (ECSA-HC) recently passed a resolution to endorse the integration of eye health into the wider health system. This review presents the current state of integration of eye health systems in the region. Eight hundred and twelve articles between 1946 and 2020 were identified from four electronic databases that were searched. Article selection and data charting were done by two reviewers independently. Thirty articles met the eligibility criteria and were included in the narrative synthesis. Majority were observational studies (60%) and from Tanzania (43%). No explicit definition of integration was found. Eye health was prioritized at national level in some countries but failed to cascade to the lower levels. Eye health system integration was commonly viewed in terms of service delivery and was targeted at the primary level. Eye care data documentation was inadequate. Workforce integration efforts were focused on training general health-care cadres and communities to create a multidisciplinary team but with some concerns on quality of services. Government funding for eye care was limited. The findings show eye health system integration in the ECSA-HC region has been in progress for about four decades and is focused on the inclusion of eye health services into other health-care programs. Integration of comprehensive eye care into all the health system building blocks, particularly financial integration, needs to be given greater emphasis in the ECSA-HC.</p>","PeriodicalId":18740,"journal":{"name":"Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"30 1","pages":"44-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10903717/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140022237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Recurrence in Retinoblastoma Based on the Source of Tumor Cells.","authors":"Shivna K Thaker, Parag K Shah, Abhishek Das, Puja Maitra","doi":"10.4103/meajo.meajo_112_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/meajo.meajo_112_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim was to study the characteristics of recurrence patterns in the form of scar recurrence, new lesions, and vitreous seeds which is necessary in anticipating future events for the management of retinoblastoma (RB).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective analytical observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in South India; we included 64 eyes of 45 patients having RB from January 2019 to July 2020. The inclusion criterion was treatment-naïve patients with > 12 months of follow-up period. Recurrence patterns were defined as Pattern 1a and Pattern 1b: local and diffuse dissemination of vitreous seeds, respectively. Pattern 2: Scar recurrences: these are new tumor growths over chemoreduced lesions. Pattern 3: New lesions: local dissemination of subretinal seeds leading to new lesions elsewhere in the retina.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A noncomparative analysis of 64 eyes of 45 patients having 108 lesions was studied; of which 28/45 (62.22%) were male and 17/45 (37.78%) were female. The mean time of presentation since the first clinical sign was 40 days (range: 10-180). The most common sign at presentation was leukocoria 42/64 (65.6%), followed by squint 4/64 (6.34%). Nineteen patients (42.22%) had bilateral RB, while 26 patients (57.78%) had unilateral RB. Primary enucleation was done for 19/26 eyes with advanced unilateral disease. Out of the total 32 eyes with subretinal tumor seeds at presentation, 17/32 eyes had a recurrence in the form of new lesions (Pattern 3) and 22/32 eyes had scar recurrence (Pattern 2). All of these 32 eyes were salvaged by local tumor consolidation methods. Recurrence due to vitreous seed dissemination was found in 18/64 eyes, in which diffuse dissemination (Pattern 1b) was present in 8/18 eyes (44.4%); all required enucleation even after local and systemic chemotherapeutic measures. Rest 10/18 eyes with local vitreous seeds (Pattern 1a) were cured at the end of the follow-up. Globe salvage was more with Pattern 1a rather than Pattern 1b even after additional intravitreal chemotherapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>All eyes with Patterns 2 and 3 were salvaged at the end of follow-up with local tumor consolidation methods, while the globe salvage rate with Pattern 1 was poor even with multiple doses of intravitreal chemotherapy. The rate of successful treatment for managing these recurrence patterns depends on early identification by regular follow-ups with detailed retina examination.</p>","PeriodicalId":18740,"journal":{"name":"Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"30 1","pages":"24-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10903713/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140022238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optic Nerve Head Infiltration in Presumed Tuberculous Uveitis.","authors":"Marwan A Abouammoh, Lojain A Azizalrahman, Abdulrahman F Albloushi, Ahmed M Abu El-Asrar","doi":"10.4103/meajo.meajo_127_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/meajo.meajo_127_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To report the clinical and multimodal imaging findings of presumed tuberculous optic nerve head (ONH) infiltration in 3 patients at a tertiary eye care center. In addition to unilateral presumed tuberculous ONH infiltration, all patients had clinical findings suggestive of tuberculous choroidal involvement which was confirmed by Indocyanine green angiography (ICGA). All patients were treated successfully with a combination of antituberculous regimen and systemic corticosteroids.</p>","PeriodicalId":18740,"journal":{"name":"Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"30 1","pages":"51-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10903715/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140023934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Continuous versus Pulsed Mode in Accelerated Corneal Collagen Cross-linking for Keratoconus.","authors":"Kirti S Karotkar, Sagar A Karotkar, Kiran M Bhirud, Mahaveer S Lakra","doi":"10.4103/meajo.meajo_113_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/meajo.meajo_113_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare efficacy and safety between the two modes of energy delivery-pulsed and continuous, in accelerated corneal collagen cross-linking (KXL) to stop the keratoconus advancement through topographical, visual, and refractive endpoints.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>It was a prospective, comparative, randomized, interventional trial. Patients with bilateral progressive keratoconus were subjected to pulsed mode KXL (P-KXL) in the right and continuous mode KXL (C-KXL) treatment in the left eye. In both methods, additional supplemental oxygen was delivered to corneal surface using a nasal cannula connected to an oxygen supply. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) and corrected distance visual acuity, posttreatment manifest spherical equivalent and astigmatism, and corneal topography were studied. The deformation amplitude index (DAI) was measured by Corvis-ST. Postoperative follow-up was done.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred eyes of 50 patients underwent P-KXL in the right eye and C-KXL in the left eye. The average follow-up was 12.1 ± 1.2 months. At 1 year posttreatment, the UDVA had a mean change of 0.11 ± 0.14 logMAR in P-KXL and 0.18 ± 0.14 logMAR in C-KXL groups. The line of demarcation was observed at 251.13 ± 18.28 μ and 245.28 ± 28.26 μ deep, respectively, in P-KXL- and C-KXL-treated eyes at 6 months' follow-up. The DAI as measured by Corvis-ST showed a significant decrease from pretreatment values of 1.12 ± 0.13 mm to 0.84 ± 0.14 mm (<i>P</i> < 0.01) in P-KXL eyes and from 1.04 ± 0.14 mm to 0.85 ± 0.15 mm (<i>P</i> = 0.03) in C-KXL eyes. Both the groups did not show any statistically significant endothelial cell loss posttreatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>C-KXL can give similar functional outcomes as P-KXL with the help of supplemental oxygen delivery with the added advantage of a shortened procedure time in comparison to pulsed mode.</p>","PeriodicalId":18740,"journal":{"name":"Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"29 4","pages":"190-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10754110/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139074561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Lacrimal Sac Massage in Management of Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction in Infants: An Observational Study of 853 Cases from a Single Institute of Eastern Asia.","authors":"Debajyoti Nanda, Manisha Sarkar","doi":"10.4103/meajo.meajo_122_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/meajo.meajo_122_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO) is the most common cause of epiphora in infants. It usually resolves completely by the end of 1^st year with conservative management in most cases. Many studies have confirmed high frequency (80%-90%) of spontaneous resolution of symptoms during the 1^st year of life. The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the lacrimal sac massage in the treatment of CNLDO.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was done in a tertiary care hospital in eastern Asia over 5 years. Each infant presenting with epiphora and diagnosed as CNLDO was treated with lacrimal sac massage and reviewed after every 1 month. The resolution of CNLDO was judged by the improvement of epiphora and from the fluorescein dye disappearance test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following conservative management, 740 (86.75%) infants recovered completely after 3 months of continuous lacrimal sac massvage. One hundred and five (12.31%) infants did not recover with sac massage even at 12 months, in which cases probing was done. Repeat probing was needed in six patients (0.07%). Two patients did not recover, and a dacrocystorhinostomy was carried out. About 70.6% of infants recovered within 6 months of age. Earlier the age of presentation, the lesser the morbidity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The incidence of CNLDO is about 6%-20% among infants. Several studies showed spontaneous resolution within 1^st year of life. In this study, the success rate of resolution of symptoms in CNLDO with sac massage is 86.75%. Conservative management should be the first line of treatment till 12 months of age in CNLDO.</p>","PeriodicalId":18740,"journal":{"name":"Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"29 4","pages":"216-219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10754104/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139074563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Limbal Autograft Stem Cell Transplantation: More Than 20-Year Follow-up.","authors":"Saeed A Al-Motowa, Abdullah M Al-Osaily, Sarah Al-Motowa, Abdulrahman Alfarhan","doi":"10.4103/meajo.meajo_118_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/meajo.meajo_118_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) is a very challenging situation and difficult to manage. A great works and ideas were conducted over the past 50 years. Numerous surgical techniques were proposed. We are reporting more than a 20-year follow-up of a case of limbal autograft stem cell transplantation due to LSCD secondary to chemical injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":18740,"journal":{"name":"Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"29 4","pages":"232-234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10754102/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139074566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ocular Manifestations of Antiphospholipid Syndrome in Jordan.","authors":"Khalid Al-Zubi, Fawaz Sarayrah","doi":"10.4103/meajo.meajo_97_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/meajo.meajo_97_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of various ocular manifestations in diagnosed cases of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) in Jordan. It will also find the association of these manifestations with primary and secondary APS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>It was a retrospective cross-sectional study to analyze the ocular manifestations of APS in Jordan. Data of 90 cases were obtained from public hospitals from January 2018 to January 2021. There should have been at least two positive tests with a minimum of 12-week gap between them. The electronic data regarding Schirmer tests, examination of visual acuity (Snellen acuity), neuro-ophthalmic manifestations, dilated fundus examination for posterior eye segment manifestations, and slit-lamp examination for anterior eye segment were also recorded and analyzed. Using SPSS version 25, the frequency and percentages of the categorical data were computed. Pearson's Chi-square test was conducted to find the associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 90 APS cases, 52 (58%) patients had primary APS and 38 (42%) had secondary APS. At the same time, systemic lupus erythematosus was diagnosed in 31 (34%) patients. Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eyes), decreased vision, and retinal vasculitis were the most common manifestations observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The high prevalence of ocular manifestations warrants ophthalmologists to look for APS, as ocular manifestations could be the initial symptoms and/or signs of APS.</p>","PeriodicalId":18740,"journal":{"name":"Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"29 4","pages":"205-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10754106/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139074567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unusual Inflammatory Clinical Presentation After Cataract Surgery and that Thought-provoking Question: Is this Infection or Toxic Anterior Segment Syndrome?","authors":"Anil Kaplan, Muhammed D Tas, Ozlem B Selver","doi":"10.4103/meajo.meajo_126_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/meajo.meajo_126_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Toxic anterior segment syndrome (TASS) is a noninfectious anterior chamber reaction caused by ocular surgeries. It usually develops within the first 12-48 h after surgery. In case of clinical suspicion of TASS, endophthalmitis as a devastating disease should always be excluded. However, the fact that TASS and endophthalmitis can look the same, but the treatment for each is different. Therefore, distinguishing between the two conditions is an important factor in coping with both diseases. It was aimed to describe the features and clinical management that are considered when distinguishing the cause of unexpected inflammatory response after cataract surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective review of medical records of 13 patients who developed TASS in our clinic at Ege University Ophthalmology Department on three different days between July 2022 and December 2022 were included in this study. Anterior segment photographs of those 13 patients and the records of ophthalmological examinations of those patients, including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), ocular pressure, biomicroscopic, and fundoscopic examination, were collected. Medical data were evaluated retrospectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean time to onset of clinical symptoms was 27.6 h. The main complaint was pain in nine patients. The primary symptom in the remainder of the patients was blurred vision. Severe hypopyon was seen in 5 cases. Despite the presence of pain and hypopyon, patients who were treated with topical steroids were closely followed up (every 2 h) because they were consecutive patients and had relatively acute onset complaints. Inflammation was regressed after an average of 4 h. No factor causing TASS was found. The BCVA was at the minimum level of 8/10 on the 5^th day of surgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>When distinguishing TASS from endophthalmitis, severe pain, relatively late onset, hyperemia, and the presence of severe hypopyon usually lead ophthalmologists to the clinical diagnosis of endophthalmitis. However, in this study, most of the patients diagnosed with TASS had severe pain, a significant portion of them had hypopyon, and the onset of the symptoms was relatively late. Close follow-up immediately after suspicion plays a vital role in clinical diagnosis and management accordingly.</p>","PeriodicalId":18740,"journal":{"name":"Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"29 4","pages":"196-199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10754112/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139074569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corneal Haze Secondary to Corneal Collagen Cross-linking in Keratoconus Patients: Treatment and Outcomes.","authors":"Kevin H Sayegh, Fady K Sammouh, Jad G Ayash, Ghina F El Chakik, Majd S Haddam, Elias L Warrak","doi":"10.4103/meajo.meajo_314_21","DOIUrl":"10.4103/meajo.meajo_314_21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcome of patients presenting with mild-to-moderate corneal haze after undergoing corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) for keratoconus (KCN) and their response to a proposed standardized topical steroid-based treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 19 eyes of 14 patients presenting with corneal haze after undergoing CXL for KCN. Corrected distance visual acuity, corneal thickness and Kmax values by Pentacam^® Scheimpflug tomography, as well as subjective corneal haze changes were evaluated before and after a topical steroid- and cyclosporine-based treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Visual acuity improved after the completion of the treatment by 0.043 logMAR (<i>P</i> = 0.017) and Kmax values decreased by 1.17D (<i>P</i> = 0.0024), while the corneal thinnest pachymetry remained stable. Data collected from the examiner's slit-lamp examination description revealed that seven eyes had a decrease in haze compared to 12 eyes with stable or no changes in the haze.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest an improvement in visual acuity and possible corneal flattening with decreasing Kmax after the completion of topical steroids with taper course treatment in patients suffering from corneal haze post-CXL. This paper also highlights the importance of postcross-linking anti-inflammatory treatment and close follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":18740,"journal":{"name":"Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"29 4","pages":"186-189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10754113/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139074562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}