Microbial drug resistance最新文献

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Klebsiella quasipneumoniae subsp. similipneumoniae ST1859 O5:KL35 from Soil: First Report of qnrE1 in the Environment. 准肺炎克雷伯菌亚种。土壤中的类似肺炎ST1859 O5:KL35:qnrE1在环境中的首次报道。
IF 2.6 4区 医学
Microbial drug resistance Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-10 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2023.0075
Ralf Lopes, João Pedro Rueda Furlan, Micaela Santana Ramos, Lucas David Rodrigues Dos Santos, Rafael da Silva Rosa, Eliana Guedes Stehling
{"title":"<i>Klebsiella quasipneumoniae</i> subsp. <i>similipneumoniae</i> ST1859 O5:KL35 from Soil: First Report of <i>qnrE1</i> in the Environment.","authors":"Ralf Lopes,&nbsp;João Pedro Rueda Furlan,&nbsp;Micaela Santana Ramos,&nbsp;Lucas David Rodrigues Dos Santos,&nbsp;Rafael da Silva Rosa,&nbsp;Eliana Guedes Stehling","doi":"10.1089/mdr.2023.0075","DOIUrl":"10.1089/mdr.2023.0075","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A <i>Klebsiella quasipneumoniae</i> subsp. <i>similipneumoniae</i> strain, named S915, belonging to the ST1859 O5:KL35, and harboring the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance <i>qnrE1</i> gene, was isolated from a soil sample cultivated with lettuce in Brazil. The core genome multilocus sequence typing analysis revealed that S915 strain was most related to a clinical strain of Brazil. Comparative genomic analysis showed that ST1859 O5:KL35 strains have been circulating in clinical settings and are closely related to multidrug resistance and multimetal tolerance. Strain S915 presented a plasmid contig co-harboring the <i>qnrE1</i> gene and tellurite tolerance operon. The region harboring the <i>qnrE1</i> gene (IS<i>Ecp1</i>-<i>qnrE1</i>-<i>araJ</i>-<i>ahp</i>) shared high similarity with others from infected humans, ready-to-eat dish, and food-producing animals in Brazil. This is the first report of the plasmid-mediated <i>qnrE1</i> gene in the environment. Our findings evidence the initial dissemination of the <i>qnrE1</i> gene in the environment by the introduction of a clinical strain, which may be spread to different sectors, representing a One Health challenge.</p>","PeriodicalId":18701,"journal":{"name":"Microbial drug resistance","volume":" ","pages":"492-496"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10143781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Message from the Editor-in-Chief. 总编辑寄语。
IF 2.6 4区 医学
Microbial drug resistance Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2023.29007.igb
{"title":"A Message from the Editor-in-Chief.","authors":"","doi":"10.1089/mdr.2023.29007.igb","DOIUrl":"10.1089/mdr.2023.29007.igb","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18701,"journal":{"name":"Microbial drug resistance","volume":"29 10","pages":"443"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41205263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prevalence of fosA3 Gene in Fosfomycin-Resistant Proteus mirabilis in the Autonomous Community of Madrid (Spain) and Characterization of Two Positive Strains. 西班牙马德里自治区耐磷霉素奇异变形杆菌中fosA3基因的患病率和两株阳性菌株的特征。
IF 2.6 4区 医学
Microbial drug resistance Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-04-06 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2022.0269
Cristina Loras, María Pérez-Vázquez, Andrea González Prieto, Jesús Oteo-Iglesias, Juan-Ignacio Alós
{"title":"Prevalence of <i>fosA3</i> Gene in Fosfomycin-Resistant <i>Proteus mirabilis</i> in the Autonomous Community of Madrid (Spain) and Characterization of Two Positive Strains.","authors":"Cristina Loras,&nbsp;María Pérez-Vázquez,&nbsp;Andrea González Prieto,&nbsp;Jesús Oteo-Iglesias,&nbsp;Juan-Ignacio Alós","doi":"10.1089/mdr.2022.0269","DOIUrl":"10.1089/mdr.2022.0269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plasmid-mediated resistance to fosfomycin has been seldom described in <i>Proteus mirabilis</i>. We report two strains harboring <i>fosA3</i> gene. Whole-genome sequencing revealed a plasmid that encoded <i>fosA3</i> gene flanked by two insertion sequence (IS)<i>26</i> mobile elements. Both strains also produced the <i>bla</i><sub>CTX-M-65</sub> gene that was located in the same plasmid. The sequence detected was IS1182-<i>bla</i><sub>CTX-M-65</sub>-orf1-orf2-IS26-IS26-<i>fosA</i>3-orf1-orf2-orf3-IS26. The importance of this transposon lies in its ability to spread in <i>Enterobacterales</i>, therefore, epidemiological surveillance should be carried out.</p>","PeriodicalId":18701,"journal":{"name":"Microbial drug resistance","volume":" ","pages":"444-447"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9250966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Colonization of Residents and Staff of an Italian Long-Term Care Facility and an Adjacent Acute Care Hospital Geriatrics Unit by Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria. 意大利一家长期护理机构和邻近的急性护理医院老年科的居民和工作人员被耐多药细菌定殖。
IF 2.6 4区 医学
Microbial drug resistance Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2023.0019
Maria Teresa Nitti, Ferisa Sleghel, Malgorzata Kaczor, Richard Aschbacher, Elena Moroder, Angela Maria Di Pierro, Francesca Piscopiello, Melissa Spalla, Aurora Piazza, Roberta Migliavacca, Elisabetta Pagani
{"title":"Colonization of Residents and Staff of an Italian Long-Term Care Facility and an Adjacent Acute Care Hospital Geriatrics Unit by Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria.","authors":"Maria Teresa Nitti,&nbsp;Ferisa Sleghel,&nbsp;Malgorzata Kaczor,&nbsp;Richard Aschbacher,&nbsp;Elena Moroder,&nbsp;Angela Maria Di Pierro,&nbsp;Francesca Piscopiello,&nbsp;Melissa Spalla,&nbsp;Aurora Piazza,&nbsp;Roberta Migliavacca,&nbsp;Elisabetta Pagani","doi":"10.1089/mdr.2023.0019","DOIUrl":"10.1089/mdr.2023.0019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 2022, we undertook a point prevalence screening study for <i>Enterobacterales</i> with extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), high-level AmpC cephalosporinases and carbapenemases, and also methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) in a long-term care facility (LTCF) and the associated acute-care hospital Geriatrics unit in Bolzano, Northern Italy. Urine samples and rectal, inguinal, oropharyngeal, and nasal swabs were plated on selective agar plates. Metadata of the patients, including demographic data, were collected, and risk factors for colonization were determined. ESBL, AmpC, carbapenemase, and quinolone resistance genes were investigated by the HybriSpot 12 PCR AUTO System. The following colonization percentages by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria have been found in LTCF residents: all MDR organisms, 59.5%; ESBL producers, 46.0% (mainly CTX-M-type enzymes); carbapenemase producers, 1.1% (one <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> with KPC-type); MRSA, 4.5%; VRE, 6.7%. Colonization by MDR bacteria was 18.9% for LTCF staff and 45.0% for Geriatrics unit patients. Peripheral vascular disease, the presence of any medical device, cancer, and a Katz Index of 0 were significant risk factors for colonization of LTCF residents by MDR bacteria in univariate and/or multivariate regression analysis. To conclude, the ongoing widespread diffusion of MDR bacteria in the LTCF suggests that efforts should be strengthened on MDR screening, implementation of infection control strategies, and antibiotic stewardship programs targeting the unique aspects of LTCFs. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: 0530250-BZ Reg01 30/08/2022.</p>","PeriodicalId":18701,"journal":{"name":"Microbial drug resistance","volume":" ","pages":"477-484"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9752705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Biocides in the Hospital Environment: Application and Tolerance Development. 医院环境中的杀菌剂:应用和耐受性发展。
IF 2.6 4区 医学
Microbial drug resistance Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-29 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2023.0074
Catarina Geraldes, Luís Tavares, Solange Gil, Manuela Oliveira
{"title":"Biocides in the Hospital Environment: Application and Tolerance Development.","authors":"Catarina Geraldes,&nbsp;Luís Tavares,&nbsp;Solange Gil,&nbsp;Manuela Oliveira","doi":"10.1089/mdr.2023.0074","DOIUrl":"10.1089/mdr.2023.0074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hospital-acquired infections are a rising problem with consequences for patients, hospitals, and health care workers. Biocides can be employed to prevent these infections, contributing to eliminate or reduce microorganisms' concentrations at the hospital environment. These antimicrobials belong to several groups, each with distinct characteristics that need to be taken into account in their selection for specific applications. Moreover, their activity is influenced by many factors, such as compound concentration and the presence of organic matter. This article aims to review some of the chemical biocides available for hospital infection control, as well as the main factors that influence their efficacy and promote susceptibility decreases, with the purpose to contribute for reducing misusage and consequently for preventing the development of resistance to these antimicrobials.</p>","PeriodicalId":18701,"journal":{"name":"Microbial drug resistance","volume":" ","pages":"456-476"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10467733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Infections in a Tertiary Hospital in China. 某三级医院耐碳青霉烯肺炎克雷伯菌感染的临床及流行病学特征
IF 2.6 4区 医学
Microbial drug resistance Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2022.0280
Zhiwen Cui, Lirui Wang, Min Feng
{"title":"Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of Carbapenem-Resistant <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> Infections in a Tertiary Hospital in China.","authors":"Zhiwen Cui,&nbsp;Lirui Wang,&nbsp;Min Feng","doi":"10.1089/mdr.2022.0280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/mdr.2022.0280","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Purpose:</i></b> Infections caused by carbapenem-resistant <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> (CR-KP) are an important public health problem. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics of patients with CR-KP. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A retrospective cohort study was conducted of all patients with CR-KP infection. A total of 615 patients with CR-KP infection were identified and 135 patients who did not meet the eligibility criteria were excluded. Clinical characteristics, antimicrobial regimens, and patient outcomes were analyzed. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The overall mortality rate of CR-KP infections was 37.3% and the mortality rate in patients with bloodstream infections was 66.2%. Survival analysis revealed that there were statistically significant differences between patients with bloodstream infections and those with pulmonary and drainage fluid infections. Logistics regression analysis showed that hemopathy, age >60 years, solid tumors, diabetes, septic shock, acute kidney injury, and stroke were independent predictors of 30-day mortality rate. The chi-square test showed that treatment with a combination of carbapenems, tigecycline, and polymyxin B was superior to treatment with carbapenems with polymyxin B, without tigecycline. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> CR-KP infections, especially bloodstream infections, have a high mortality rate. The outcome is strongly dependent on patients' clinical conditions. Antimicrobial regimens combining carbapenems, tigecycline, and polymyxin B might be a better choice.</p>","PeriodicalId":18701,"journal":{"name":"Microbial drug resistance","volume":"29 9","pages":"401-406"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10515162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Genomic Analysis of a Linezolid-Resistant Staphylococcus capitis Causing Bacteremia: Report from a University Hospital in Central Italy. 一株引起菌血症的耐利奈唑胺头炎葡萄球菌的基因组分析:来自意大利中部一所大学医院的报告。
IF 2.6 4区 医学
Microbial drug resistance Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2022.0330
Lucia Brescini, Simona Fioriti, Sonia N Coccitto, Marzia Cinthi, Marina Mingoia, Oscar Cirioni, Andrea Giacometti, Eleonora Giovanetti, Gianluca Morroni, Andrea Brenciani
{"title":"Genomic Analysis of a Linezolid-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus capitis</i> Causing Bacteremia: Report from a University Hospital in Central Italy.","authors":"Lucia Brescini,&nbsp;Simona Fioriti,&nbsp;Sonia N Coccitto,&nbsp;Marzia Cinthi,&nbsp;Marina Mingoia,&nbsp;Oscar Cirioni,&nbsp;Andrea Giacometti,&nbsp;Eleonora Giovanetti,&nbsp;Gianluca Morroni,&nbsp;Andrea Brenciani","doi":"10.1089/mdr.2022.0330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/mdr.2022.0330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although coagulase negative staphylococci are rarely associated with complicated diseases, in some cases they cause life-threatening infections. Here we described a clinical case of a bacteremia due to a methicillin- and linezolid-resistant <i>Staphylococcus capitis</i> in a patient previously treated with linezolid. Whole genome sequencing revealed the common mutation G2576T in all rDNA 23S alleles and several acquired resistance genes. Moreover, the isolate was epidemiologically distant from the NRCS-A clade, usually responsible for nosocomial infections in neonatal intensive care units. Our findings further confirm the ability of minor staphylococci to acquire antibiotic resistances and challenge the treatment of these infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":18701,"journal":{"name":"Microbial drug resistance","volume":"29 9","pages":"388-391"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10511472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Whole Genome Sequencing of an Extensively Drug-Resistant Raoultella planticola Isolate Containing blaKPC-2, blaNDM-1, and blaCTX-M-15. 含有blaKPC-2、blaNDM-1和blaCTX-M-15的广泛耐药的planticola Raoultella分离物全基因组测序
IF 2.6 4区 医学
Microbial drug resistance Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2022.0229
Paulo Victor Batista Marini, Eliandro Reis Tavares, Cintia Werner Motter, Letícia Busato Migliorini, Romário Oliveira de Sales, Nayara Helisandra Fedrigo, Danielle Rosani Shinohara, Mariangela Hungria, Sueli Fumie Yamada-Ogatta, Maria Cristina Bronharo Tognim
{"title":"Whole Genome Sequencing of an Extensively Drug-Resistant <i>Raoultella planticola</i> Isolate Containing <i>bla</i><sub>KPC-2</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>NDM-1</sub>, and <i>bla</i><sub>CTX-M-15</sub>.","authors":"Paulo Victor Batista Marini,&nbsp;Eliandro Reis Tavares,&nbsp;Cintia Werner Motter,&nbsp;Letícia Busato Migliorini,&nbsp;Romário Oliveira de Sales,&nbsp;Nayara Helisandra Fedrigo,&nbsp;Danielle Rosani Shinohara,&nbsp;Mariangela Hungria,&nbsp;Sueli Fumie Yamada-Ogatta,&nbsp;Maria Cristina Bronharo Tognim","doi":"10.1089/mdr.2022.0229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/mdr.2022.0229","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Raoultella planticola</i> harboring genes that confer resistance to antimicrobials, such as carbapenems, have been associated with severe infections in immunocompromised patients. In this study, we reported the first whole genome sequence of a Brazilian isolate of <i>R. planticola</i> and the genomic context of antibiotic resistance markers. By whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of a carbapenem-resistant <i>R. planticola</i> isolate, RpHUM1, we found 23 resistance-encoding genes belonging to 9 classes of antibiotics (aminoglycosides, β-lactams, fluoroquinolones, fosfomycin, macrolides, phenicols, sulfonamides, tetracycline, and diaminopyrimidine derivatives) and 3 plasmids (RpHUM1pEaer-4382s, RpHUM1_pFDAARGOS_440, and RpHUM1pRSF1010). This isolate coharbored the genes <i>bla</i><sub>KPC-2</sub>, which is carried by the plasmid RpHUM1pEaer-4382s, and <i>bla</i><sub>NDM-1</sub> and <i>bla</i><sub>CTX-M-15</sub> all located in the accessory genome. In addition, these genes were associated with, at least, one mobile genetic element. This comprehensive knowledge is of great importance for implementation of control measures to prevent the rapid dissemination of this neglected microorganism and their genetic resistance background.</p>","PeriodicalId":18701,"journal":{"name":"Microbial drug resistance","volume":"29 9","pages":"392-400"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10215067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Letter from the Editor-in-Chief. 总编辑的来信。
IF 2.6 4区 医学
Microbial drug resistance Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2023.29006.igb
{"title":"A Letter from the Editor-in-Chief.","authors":"","doi":"10.1089/mdr.2023.29006.igb","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/mdr.2023.29006.igb","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18701,"journal":{"name":"Microbial drug resistance","volume":"29 9","pages":"387"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10513562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cellular Attributes of Candida albicans Biofilm-Associated in Resistance Against Multidrug and Host Immune System. 白色念珠菌生物膜与多药耐药及宿主免疫系统相关的细胞特性
IF 2.6 4区 医学
Microbial drug resistance Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2022.0347
Dushyant Kumar, Awanish Kumar
{"title":"Cellular Attributes of <i>Candida albicans</i> Biofilm-Associated in Resistance Against Multidrug and Host Immune System.","authors":"Dushyant Kumar,&nbsp;Awanish Kumar","doi":"10.1089/mdr.2022.0347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/mdr.2022.0347","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of the ubiquitous hospital-acquired infections is associated with <i>Candida albicans</i> fungus. Usually, this commensal fungus causes no harm to its human host, as it lives mutually with mucosal/epithelial tissue surface cells. Nevertheless, due to the activity of various immune weakening factors, this commensal starts reinforcing its virulence attributes with filamentation/hyphal growth and building an absolute microcolony composed of yeast, hyphal, and pseudohyphal cells, which is suspended in an extracellular gel-like polymeric substance (EPS) called biofilms. This polymeric substance is the mixture of the secreted compounds from <i>C. albicans</i> as well as several host cell proteins. Indeed, the presence of these host factors makes their identification and differentiation process difficult by host immune components. The gel-like texture of the EPS makes it sticky, which adsorbs most of the extracolonial compounds traversing through it that aid in penetration hindrance. All these factors further contribute to the multidrug resistance phenotype of <i>C. albicans</i> biofilm that is spotlighted in this article. The mechanisms it employs to escape the host immune system are also addressed effectively. The article focuses on cellular and molecular determinants involved in the resistance of <i>C. albicans</i> biofilm against multidrug and the host immune system.</p>","PeriodicalId":18701,"journal":{"name":"Microbial drug resistance","volume":"29 9","pages":"423-437"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10156202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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