Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle最新文献

{"title":"Whole Genome Sequence Analysis of Weight Loss in 16 972 Participants With COPD Reveals Novel Risk Loci in DRAIC and RFX3.","authors":"Joe W Chiles,Alison Rocco,Vinodh Srinivasasainagendra,Harry B Rossiter,Richard Casaburi,Anna Thalacker-Mercer,J Michael Wells,Emily S Wan,Edwin K Silverman,Michael H Cho,Craig P Hersh,Bruce M Psaty,Sina A Gharib,Yan Gao,George T O'Connor,Leslie A Lange,Stephen S Rich,Ani W Manichaikul,R Graham Barr,Victor E Ortega,Deborah A Meyers,Albert V Smith,Hemant K Tiwari,Merry-Lynn N McDonald","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.70293","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with musculoskeletal comorbidities, including cachexia. Weight loss (WL) is the major criterion for cachexia and increases risk for mortality in COPD. Risk factors for WL in COPD are incompletely understood. We performed this whole genome sequencing (WGS) analysis to identify genetic risk variants for WL in COPD.METHODSWe studied 16 972 participants from the Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) Initiative and All of Us Research Program. COPD was diagnosed using spirometry in TOPMed, while diagnosis codes were used in All of Us. WL was defined as WL ≥ 5% or a final body mass index (BMI) < 20 kg/m2. WGS data came from white blood cells in all cohorts. Single-variant testing was conducted on both race- and study-stratified cohorts and in a cosmopolitan, ancestry-independent manner using GENESIS in TOPMed and SAIGE in All of Us. SAIGE-GENE+ gene-based analyses were performed on race-stratified and cosmopolitan cohorts. Single variant meta-analyses were conducted using METAL within (B/AA and NHW analyses of Black/African-American and non-Hispanic white participants, respectively) and across racial groups (COSMO). Rare variant gene-based results were combined using Fisher's method. Transcriptomic effects were predicted using MetaXcan. We used the GWAS Catalogue to analyse for colocalization with other related traits.RESULTSTwo single variants were associated with WL in COPD among All of Us participants: one intronic variant in HCN1 in Black/African-American participants (chr5:45271359:TACACAC:T, odds ratio with 95% confidence interval (OR (CI95)) = 2.43(1.78-3.31), p = 1.95 × 10-8) and one intergenic variant between PPP4R2 and PDZRN3 in the cosmopolitan and NHW cohorts (chr3:73345901:A:G, OR (CI95) = 0.21(0.12-0.35), p = 8.84 × 10-9 in cosmopolitan and OR (CI95) = 0.18(0.10-0.33), p = 9.44 × 10-9 in NHW). Single-variant meta-analysis identified two loci associated with WL in COPD: five variants within DRAIC in the B/AA meta-analysis (lead variant chr15:69571341:A:G, OR (CI95) = 1.37(1.23-1.51), p = 1.29 × 10-9) and two intronic variants within RFX3 in the cosmopolitan meta-analysis (lead variant chr9:3390983:T:C, OR (CI95) = 1.50(1.31-1.73), p = 1.06 × 10-8). Rare variants within RNU6-565P (NHW analysis in All of Us; p = 2.83 × 10-7) and LOC339298 (B/AA analysis in All of Us, p = 1.85 × 10-6) were associated with WL in COPD. The RNU-565P signal remained significant after combination with TOPMed results (pcombined = 1.23 × 10-6). MetaXcan predicted differential expression of LNC00959 in visceral adipose tissue (p = 1.16 × 10-6 in COSMO analysis). Colocalization analyses identified genomic associations between BMI and variants in or near DRAIC, RFX3, PDZRN3, and LINC00959.CONCLUSIONSIn the first WGS analysis of WL in COPD, we have identified seven novel loci. Further characterization of these loci will validate our findings and improve our understanding of the molecular pathophys","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"25 1","pages":"e70293"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147735473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Utility of Muscle Ultrasound for Sarcopenia in Prader-Willi Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Luo-Hua Yu, Hsin-Chi Wu, I-Shiang Tzeng, Yan-Ting Luo, Li-Ping Tsai, Valeria Chiu","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70326","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.70326","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is characterized by sarcopenic obesity; however, validated screening tools for muscle mass in clinical settings are lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of muscle ultrasound (US) for detecting low muscle mass in individuals with PWS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This observational, cross-sectional study recruited 48 individuals with genetically confirmed PWS (International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision Code Q87.1) from a specialized clinic (October 2022-June 2024). Appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI) via dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) served as the primary outcome. Sarcopenia was defined based on Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 criteria. US predictors included muscle thickness (MT) of the rectus femoris (RF), vastus lateralis and gastrocnemius medialis (GM); pennation angle; and RF cross-sectional area (CSA). Analysis included Spearman's correlation (ρ), multivariable linear regression (B) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cohort (n = 48; 47.9% women; median age 19.5 years, interquartile range [IQR] 12.3-26.8) had a 100% prevalence of obesity (median BMI 27.1 kg/m², IQR 22.2-31.4). All participants (100%) had a history of growth hormone treatment; 62.5% exhibited the deletion subtype. Low muscle mass was observed in 60.4% (n = 29), confirmed sarcopenia in 52.1% (n = 25) and severe sarcopenia (including low physical performance) in 20.8% (n = 10) participants. GM MT showed the strongest correlation with ASMI (ρ = 0.689, p < 0.001, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.50-0.81), followed by RF CSA (ρ = 0.587, p < 0.001). Multivariable regression identified GM MT as a significant independent predictor of ASMI (B = 0.957, p = 0.011) after adjusting for BMI (B = 0.128, p < 0.001), age (B = 0.020, p = 0.044) and sex (B = -0.376, p = 0.029; R² = 0.67). ROC analysis for detecting low muscle mass yielded an area under the curve for GM MT of 0.759 (95% CI 0.616-0.901, p = 0.003), with an optimal cut-off of 1.69 cm (sensitivity 86.2%, specificity 63.2%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Sarcopenia affects 52.1% of patients with PWS, with 20.8% meeting criteria for severe sarcopenia. Ultrasound of the gastrocnemius medialis is a valid, radiation-free predictor of skeletal muscle mass and serves as a practical diagnostic tool for sarcopenic obesity in PWS.</p>","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"17 3","pages":"e70326"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13246224/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148203366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness and Safety of Interventions for Sarcopenia in Advanced Prostate Carcinoma: Systematic Review.","authors":"Pedro de Pablos-Rodríguez, Aythami de Armas-Castellano, Diego Infante-Ventura, Tasmania Del Pino-Sedeño, Antonio Rueda Domínguez, Pablo B Pedrianes-Martín, Jose A L Calbet, Pedro de Pablos-Velasco, María M Trujillo-Martín","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70290","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.70290","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sarcopenia has emerged as a potential prognostic factor in patients with advanced prostate cancer (PCa), requiring interventions for its prevention and treatment.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to systematically identify, critically assess and synthesize the available evidence on the effectiveness and safety of interventions for preventing or treating sarcopenia in advanced PCa patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>MEDLINE, Embase and Web of Science were searched. Randomized and non-randomized controlled trials or longitudinal observational studies with a control group focusing on PCa patients aged 60 years and older were considered. Study selection, data extraction and risk-of-bias assessment of the included studies were performed in duplicate. When possible, pooled effect estimates were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty studies (n = 1275) were included. Resistance training (RT) (MD = 3.22 kg; 95% CI 0.69, 5.75) and the use of antimyostatin peptibody (MD = 2.2 kg; SE 0.8%) demonstrated statistically significant prevention of lean body mass loss in men undergoing androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Exercise improved leg press (MD = 25.17 kg; 95% CI [8.71, 41.62]), leg extension (MD = 9.63 kg; 95% CI [4.83, 14.42]), seated row (MD = 4.38 kg; 95% CI [1.54, 7.22]) and chest press strength (MD = 1.70 kg; 95% CI [-1.48, 4.88]) and enhanced patients' physical functioning in chair sit-to-stand tests (MD = -1.02 kg; 95% CI [-1.70, -0.34]). RT improved health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in both general and specific domains and also reduced somatization (MD = -0.69 kg; 95% CI [-1.32, -0.07]) and psychological distress (MD = -1.63 kg; 95% CI [-3.10, -0.15]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings highlight the potential benefits of RT and selected pharmacological interventions on muscle-related and functional outcomes. However, the significant heterogeneity and lack of comprehensive outcome reporting underscore the need for more standardized and long-term research through larger, well-designed randomized controlled trials with standardized measurement methods to draw conclusive evidence and enhance the reliability and applicability of findings in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"17 3","pages":"e70290"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13144553/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147831514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Home-Based Intervention to Prevent Functional Decline in (Pre)frail Older Adults: The PromeTheus Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Kilian Rapp, Corinna Nerz, Tim Fleiner, Michael Denkinger, Gisela Büchele, Martin Rehm, Benjamin Mayer, Dietrich Rothenbacher, Christian Grüneberg, Tobias Braun, Ingrid Hendlmeier, Martina Schäufele, Judith Dams, Hans-Helmut König, Clemens Becker, Jürgen M Bauer, Christian Werner","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70306","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.70306","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Older adults with (pre)frailty are vulnerable to deteriorations in physical functioning, mobility and independence. Evidence for frailty interventions utilizing existing services within primary healthcare structure is limited. The PromeTheus trial aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a home-based, multifactorial, interdisciplinary intervention to prevent functional and mobility decline in (pre)frail older adults.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;In this multicentre, assessor-blinded, randomized controlled trial, 385 community-dwelling (pre)frail older adults (clinical frailty scale 4-6, ≥ 70 years) were randomly allocated (1:1) into the intervention group (IG: n = 196) or control group (CG: n = 189). The IG underwent the PromeTheus programme for 12 months, which included an obligatory unsupervised home-based physical exercise programme and facultative counselling services (person-environment fit, nutrition and coping with everyday life), implemented through existing healthcare services and referral to community group activities. The CG received usual care. The first primary outcome was the function component of the Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument (LLFDI-FC) after 12 months; Life-Space Assessment (LSA) served as the second primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included participation (short-form LLFDI disability component, LLFDI-DC), frailty status, physical capacity (Short Physical Performance Battery, SPPB) and fall rate. Data analyses followed the intention-to-treat principle. An exploratory stratified analysis according to baseline physical capacity (SPPB ≤ 6 points [n = 210] vs. SPPB &gt; 6 points [n = 175]) was also conducted.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Participants had a mean age of 81.2 ± 5.9 years, with 73.5% (n = 283) being female. At the 12-month follow-up, a significant between-group difference in favour of the IG was observed for the change in the LLFDI-FC (1.38 points, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.08, 2.68) but not for the change in the LSA (0.49 points, 95% CI -3.65, 4.64). Change in frailty status (odds ratio for being in a 'better' change status 1.72, 95% CI 1.11, 2.64) and SPPB (0.58 points, 95% CI 0.10, 1.05) also showed significant between-group differences in favour of the IG. The intervention did not affect the short form LLFDI-DC or fall rate (p = 0.055-0.689). The stratified analysis showed significant improvements in the LLFDI-FC, short-form LLFDI-DC (limitation), frailty status and SPPB (p = 0.002-0.020) in the IG compared to the CG for participants with SPPB ≤ 6 points but not for those with SPPB &gt; 6 points. There were no study-related serious adverse events.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;The PromeTheus programme had positive effects on physical functioning, frailty status and physical capacity but not on life-space mobility and fall rate in community-dwelling (pre)frail older adults. Participants with lower baseline physical capacity may benefit more from the programm","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"17 3","pages":"e70306"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13173293/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147925067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frailty Transforms Care Continuity-Mortality Relationships Across Age Groups: Evidence From Taiwan and South Korea.","authors":"Fei-Yuan Hsiao, Sunyoung Kim, Lin-Chieh Meng, Jae-Ryun Lee, Ho-Min Chen, Chih-Kuang Liang, Li-Ning Peng, Hyejin Lee, Liang-Kung Chen","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70303","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.70303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Healthcare fragmentation typically predicts poor outcomes, yet its relationship with frailty across different age groups remains unexplored. We examined how frailty modifies the association between care patterns and mortality in middle-aged and older adults from two rapidly ageing Asian societies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed national insurance data from Taiwan (n = 370 997) and South Korea (n = 392 466) for adults aged ≥ 45 years, categorised as middle-aged (45-64) and older (≥ 65) groups. Frailty was assessed using a validated multimorbidity frailty index. We measured healthcare utilisation, care fragmentation (Usual Provider of Care [UPC], Bice-Boxerman Continuity of Care Index [COCI], Sequential Continuity Index [SECON]) and 3-year mortality. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios(aHRs) between healthcare utilisation as well as care fragmentation and risk of mortailty.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Frailty prevalence increased with age in both countries (Taiwan: 19.2% middle-aged, 53.8% older adults; South Korea: 24.7%, 63.0%). Healthcare utilisation increased sharply with frailty severity. Among middle-aged adults, severely frail individuals had substantially more outpatient visits than fit individuals (Taiwan: 56.5 ± 31.0 versus 13.2 ± 10.4; South Korea: 67.1 ± 55.1 versus 13.3 ± 11.7). Hospitalisation rates rose dramatically from 6.1% (fit) to 70.9% (severely frail) in middle-aged and 6.8% (fit) to 68.6% (severely frail) in older Taiwanese, with similar increases in South Korea (10.8% to 67.5% in middle-aged and 10.2% to 62.5% in older groups, respectively). Care continuity declined with increasing frailty. In Taiwan, UPC decreased from 0.81 ± 0.18 in fit to 0.69 ± 0.17 in the severely frail among middle-aged adults, with similar declines in COCI and SECON. Declines were less pronounced in South Korea, where severely frail older adults maintained higher continuity (UPC 0.78 ± 0.16) than their Taiwanese counterparts (0.68 ± 0.17). During 3-year follow-up, higher care fragmentation was associated with increased mortality among fit middle-aged adults (aHR 1.69, 95% CI 1.14-2.50) but showed inverse associations among moderately frail individuals (aHR 0.67, 95% CI 0.31-1.42), consistently across both countries and age groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Frailty, not age, fundamentally transforms how care patterns relate to mortality. The fragmentation-mortality paradox across age groups indicates that frailty-specific coordination approaches are needed throughout the adult life course. Healthcare systems must implement standardised frailty service frameworks, develop accessible specialised geriatric services and design integrated care models that optimise the quality, efficiency and sustainability of healthcare systems in rapidly ageing societies.</p>","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"17 3","pages":"e70303"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13176647/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147939613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of Body Composition and Physical Function With Incident Diabetes in Older Adults: A 14‐Year Prospective Cohort Study","authors":"Ting Zhang, Shuyi Li, Yafei Wu, Jason Leung, Alice Pik‐Shan Kong, Amany K. Elshorbagy, T. W. Auyeung, Timothy Kwok","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.70297","url":null,"abstract":"Background Longitudinal associations between age‐related changes in body composition, physical performance and incident diabetes mellitus (DM) in older adults and the mediating role of branched‐chain amino acids (BCAAs) remain understudied. Methods This prospective cohort study included 4000 community‐dwelling older adults at baseline. Longitudinal analysis of incident DM involved 3421 participants without baseline DM. Incident DM was identified through self‐reported diagnosis, medication use, hospital records or fasting glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol/L. Body composition (PBF [percent body fat], FMI [fat mass index], ASM [appendicular skeletal muscle mass]) was measured using DXA. Associations of baseline body composition with incident DM were assessed using Cox regression in the full cohort, with sensitivity analysis accounting for competing risk of death. Associations in long‐term subgroups and analysis of 14‐year and prediabetes changes were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression. Serum BCAAs were quantified by LC–MS for mediation analysis. Results Among 3421 participants (median age 72 years [IQR 68–76]; 50.1% female) without baseline DM, higher baseline adiposity (PBF: HR 1.613; FMI: HR 1.684; waist: 1.587) and ASM/ht &lt;jats:sup&gt;2&lt;/jats:sup&gt; (HR 1.561) were consistently associated with increased DM risk in adjusted Cox models (all &lt;jats:italic&gt;p&lt;/jats:italic&gt; &lt; 0.001). Conversely, higher relative muscle mass (ASM/weight: HR 0.603; ASM/BMI: HR 0.631; both &lt;jats:italic&gt;p&lt;/jats:italic&gt; &lt; 0.001) was associated with a lower risk. Faster gait speed was also linked to lower DM risk (HR 0.748, &lt;jats:italic&gt;p&lt;/jats:italic&gt; &lt; 0.001). Sensitivity analysis accounting for competing mortality demonstrated consistent results. In the complete 14‐year follow‐up subgroup ( &lt;jats:italic&gt;n&lt;/jats:italic&gt; = 937, 130 incident DM cases), key baseline associations were confirmed using logistic regression (e.g., ASM/weight: OR 0.633, &lt;jats:italic&gt;p&lt;/jats:italic&gt; = 0.005). Analysis of 14‐year changes showed that attenuated loss of relative muscle mass (ΔASM/weight: OR 0.657; &lt;jats:italic&gt;p&lt;/jats:italic&gt; = 0.005) was correlated with lower DM risk, whereas increased adiposity was correlated with higher risk (∆PBF: OR 1.509, &lt;jats:italic&gt;p&lt;/jats:italic&gt; = 0.019). Pre‐DM changes over 0–4 years also revealed that early increases in waist (OR 1.428, &lt;jats:italic&gt;p&lt;/jats:italic&gt; = 0.005) and declines in ASM/weight (OR 0.745, &lt;jats:italic&gt;p&lt;/jats:italic&gt; = 0.013) were associated with subsequent DM. Serum BCAAs mediated 18.6%–38.2% of associations between baseline body composition and incident DM (all &lt;jats:italic&gt;p&lt;/jats:italic&gt; &lt; 0.01). No significant correlation was found between dietary protein intake and serum BCAAs after adjustment. Conclusions In older adults, higher baseline adiposity and lower relative muscle mass were associated with long‐term DM risk, while preserved muscle mass and faster gait speed were linked to a lower risk. These associations, partial","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"135 1","pages":"e70297"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147719925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to ‘Sit‐ to‐ Stand Power From 2D Pose Estimation as an Indicator of Muscle Strength in Older Adults’","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.70258","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"39 1","pages":"e20016"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147681785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skeletal Muscle and Circulating microRNAs Adaptations to 12‐Week HIIT With or Without L‐Citrulline in Obese Older Adults","authors":"Alexandre Mercier‐Guery, Marjorie Millet, Martine Croset, Vincent Marcangeli, Maude Dulac, Livia P. Carvalho, Guy Hajj‐Boutros, Pierrette Gaudreau, José A. Morais, Gilles Gouspillou, Philippe Noirez, Jean Charles Rousseau, Roland Chapurlat, Mylène Aubertin‐Leheudre","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.70267","url":null,"abstract":"Background High‐intensity interval training (HIIT) with or without L‐citrulline (CIT) oral supplementation improves body composition, functional capacities and muscle health in obese older adults, potentially through microRNA‐driven regulation. We aimed to (1) investigate the impact of a 12‐week HIIT on the expression level of microRNAs in vastus lateralis muscle biopsies and serum of obese older adults and (2) assess whether the differential expression level of microRNAs was associated with clinico‐biological adaptations to HIIT and provide potential biomarkers of HIIT response. Methods In this secondary exploratory analysis of a double‐blind randomized trial, 36 women and 32 men (67.2 ± 5.2 years) following 12 weeks HIIT randomized in two groups were supplemented daily with CIT (HIIT‐CIT, &lt;jats:italic&gt;n&lt;/jats:italic&gt; = 37) or with placebo (HIIT‐PLA, &lt;jats:italic&gt;n&lt;/jats:italic&gt; = 31). Phenotypic variables, serum parameters, muscle biopsies and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue outcomes were collected pre‐intervention and postintervention. To assess the microRNA profile, the miRNome of muscle biopsy and serum was analysed using next generation sequencing in participants' subsets ( &lt;jats:italic&gt;n&lt;/jats:italic&gt; = 13). The microRNAs' differential expression level was analysed pre‐intervention and postintervention by TaqMan‐real‐time qPCR in 68 participants. Results The expression of myo‐microRNAs (miR‐133a, b, ‐1, ‐206) and muscle‐related‐microRNAs (miR‐499, ‐208) was not altered following HIIT with or without CIT. In HIIT‐PLA, HIIT‐CIT and subgroups (based on sex, age, body mass index, dynapenic status), the change in muscle (miR‐504‐5p, ‐744‐5p, ‐151a‐3p, ‐106b‐5p, ‐127‐5p) and circulating (miR‐4433b‐5p, 151a‐3p, ‐744‐5p, 483‐3p, ‐106b‐5p, ‐484) microRNA levels was associated with changes of clinico‐biological parameters. Supplementing HIIT with CIT decreased the muscle miR‐504‐5p level ( &lt;jats:italic&gt;p&lt;/jats:italic&gt; = 0.022), correlating with lower body fat, improved functional capacities, muscle power and increased IGF‐1 level ( &lt;jats:italic&gt;r&lt;/jats:italic&gt; = −0.6, &lt;jats:italic&gt;p&lt;/jats:italic&gt; &lt; 0.05). MiR‐744‐5p expression increased in dynapenic participants ( &lt;jats:italic&gt;p&lt;/jats:italic&gt; = 0.04), associated with lean mass gain ( &lt;jats:italic&gt;r&lt;/jats:italic&gt; = 0.50, &lt;jats:italic&gt;p&lt;/jats:italic&gt; &lt; 0.05), while miR‐151a‐3p downregulation in men's muscle ( &lt;jats:italic&gt;p&lt;/jats:italic&gt; = 0.01) was associated with better insulin sensitivity (HOMA‐IR, &lt;jats:italic&gt;r&lt;/jats:italic&gt; = 0.57, &lt;jats:italic&gt;p&lt;/jats:italic&gt; = 0.05). In serum, miR‐151a‐3p upregulation in women ( &lt;jats:italic&gt;p&lt;/jats:italic&gt; = 0.01) correlated with improved muscle power and lower circulating leptin levels, while miR‐4433b‐5p downregulation ( &lt;jats:italic&gt;p&lt;/jats:italic&gt; = 0.001) was linked to reduced fat mass, lean mass gain and enhanced functional capacity. The downregulation of miR‐106b‐5p ( &lt;jats:italic&gt;p&lt;/jats:italic&gt; = 0.05) was associated with a higher adipone","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147611936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Nandrolone Decanoate on Muscle Strength, Body Composition and Bone Density: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Konstantinos Prokopidis,Theocharis Ispoglou,Trevor Thompson,Dolores Sanchez-Rodriguez,Anna Marie Hergelegiu,Cafer Balci,Mariana Alves,Damiano Pizzol,Joseph McLean,Pinar Soysal,Brigid Unim,Antonio Cherubini,Nicola Veronese, ","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.70276","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDDespite ongoing interest in anabolic therapies for sarcopenia and cachexia, pharmacological interventions are being developed to counteract age- and condition-related losses of muscle mass and strength. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effect of nandrolone decanoate on lean soft tissue (LST), fat mass, handgrip strength, knee extension strength and bone mineral density (BMD) in adults.METHODSFollowing PRISMA guidelines, we searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane Library (inception to April 2025) for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing nandrolone decanoate to placebo in adults ≥ 18 years. Data were analysed using a random-effects meta-analysis, and risk of bias was assessed using the RoB2 tool. Mean differences (MD) alongside 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were applied, whereas standardised MD (SMD) was used when methods or/and units of measurement were not identical (i.e., body fat mass/percentage).RESULTSTwenty RCTs were included in this study. Nandrolone decanoate significantly increased LST (k = 11; MD: 1.59 kg, 95% CI 1.06-2.13, p < 0.01, I2 = 0%) but had no effect on fat mass (k = 11; SMD: -0.04, p = 0.65), handgrip strength (k = 12; SMD: 0.39, p = 0.10) or knee extension strength (k = 1; p = 0.99). BMD outcomes were inconsistent, with only total proximal femur BMD showing improvement (p < 0.05). No publication bias was detected. Most studies showed a low risk of bias, whereas GRADE assessment displayed a low certainty of evidence.CONCLUSIONAlthough nandrolone decanoate modestly increases LST, this was not accompanied by improvements in handgrip strength or consistently observed improvements in BMD, and functional outcomes were informed by limited trial data. Taken together, these findings do not support routine clinical use of nandrolone decanoate for improving musculoskeletal health. Given its limited benefit and known safety concerns, non-pharmacological approaches such as resistance training and nutritional support should remain the preferred strategy for preserving musculoskeletal health.","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"119 1","pages":"e70276"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147619477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual Roles of CCN5/WISP2 in Cytosol and Secretome for Maintaining Muscle Homeostasis and Preventing Sarcopenia.","authors":"Zile Shen,Zhang Liu,Guowei Huang,Lian Cui,Wenhao Chen,Wenxi Dong,Xialin Yan,Peng Zhang,Zhen Yu","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.70282","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDSarcopenia is a progressive and systemic skeletal muscle disorder characterized by the decline of muscle mass and function. Despite its early-stage, 'possible sarcopenia' has been emphasized for prompt intervention; there are currently no specific biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment.METHODSRNA sequencing of human skeletal muscle across sarcopenia stages identified CCN5. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) is intramuscularly injected into young C57BL/6J mice to knockdown CCN5 in skeletal muscle. Phenotypic alterations are assessed through behavioural testing, body composition analysis, oil red O staining and transmission electron microscopy. Mechanisms were investigated in C2C12 myotubes using lentiviral infection, Western blotting, immunofluorescence, cellular electron microscopy and seahorse assays. Finally, aged C57BL/6J mice received intramuscular AAV injections to overexpress CCN5 in skeletal muscle, evaluating its therapeutic efficacy against sarcopenia.RESULTSClinical samples included 56 participants (48.2% female; mean age: 63.21 ± 8.76 years). By comparing gene expression in human skeletal muscle across three stages of sarcopenia, we identified CCN5 as a gene exhibiting decreased protein expression in possible sarcopenia stage (approximately 33% reduction, p = 0.0245), with this decline persisting into sarcopenia stage (p = 0.0093). In young mice, CCN5 knockdown induced a sarcopenia-like phenotype, encompassing skeletal muscle dysfunction and myosteatosis (fat mass: p < 0.01; intramyocellular triglyceride: 66.02 ± 3.798 vs. 104.5 ± 8.542 μg/mg tissue, p < 0.01). CCN5 deficiency also impaired mitochondrial content and function, particularly by reducing lipid droplet-mitochondrial (LD-Mt) interaction (approximately 47% reduction, p < 0.05). In C2C12 cells, CCN5 knockdown disrupted lipid metabolism (particularly reduced lipid oxidation, CPT1A: approximately 56% reduction, p < 0.001), promoted lipid accumulation and compromised mitochondrial content and function. Mechanistically, secreted CCN5 enhanced LD-Mt interaction and stimulated mitochondrial biogenesis by activating nuclear β-catenin translocation to enhance FOXO3A-dependent transcription, while intracellular CCN5 mitigated myosteatosis by inhibiting PPARγ signalling. In aged mice, CCN5 overexpression improved skeletal muscle function, reduced myosteatosis (fat mass: p < 0.001; intramyocellular triglyceride: 175.0 ± 11.18 vs. 92.18 ± 10.53 μg/mg tissue, p < 0.001) and restored mitochondrial function.CONCLUSIONSCCN5 mitigates myosteatosis and counteracts sarcopenia by promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and enhancing LD-Mt interactions through dual pathways, positioning it as a promising therapeutic target for muscle aging and sarcopenia.","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"216 1","pages":"e70282"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147625689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}