Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle最新文献

{"title":"Higher Grip Strength Is Associated With Reduced Risk of Incident Symptomatic Hand Osteoarthritis: Data From Two Cohort Studies.","authors":"Yilun Wang,Wei Li,Hongyi He,David John Hunter,Weiya Zhang,Michael Doherty,Yuqing Zhang,Junqing Xie,Yanqiu Zhu,Jiatian Li,Tuo Yang,Jie Wei,Guanghua Lei,Chao Zeng","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.70265","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDGrip strength is increasingly recognized as a modifiable and easily measurable protective factor against chronic diseases. Lower grip strength may compromise joint stability, predisposing periarticular tissues to local inflammation, which has been implicated in hand osteoarthritis (HOA), a condition affecting approximately 189 million people globally and imposing substantial health and socio-economic burden. Whether lower grip strength is a risk factor for clinically relevant symptomatic HOA remains unclear. We aimed to examine the association between grip strength and incident symptomatic HOA to inform targeted preventive strategies.METHODSWe conducted prospective cohort studies and Mendelian randomization analyses using data from the Xiangya Osteoarthritis (XO) Study and UK Biobank. Individuals without baseline symptomatic or hospital-diagnosed HOA were included. Genetic instruments for grip strength were derived from genome-wide association studies. Symptomatic HOA in the XO Study was defined as the presence of radiographic HOA with symptoms, whereas hospital-diagnosed HOA in the UK Biobank was ascertained through hospital inpatient records.RESULTSAmong 2869 XO Study participants (5461 hands; 55.9% women; mean age of 63.2 years), 166 (3.0%) hands developed incident symptomatic HOA during a mean follow-up of 3.7 years. Compared with the lowest grip strength quartile, odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) of symptomatic HOA in the second, third and highest quartiles were 0.51 (95% CI, 0.31-0.84), 0.62 (95% CI, 0.39-0.99) and 0.46 (95% CI, 0.28-0.75), respectively (p for trend = 0.003). Similar associations were observed among 481 582 UK Biobank individuals (54.2% women; mean age of 56.4 years). Mendelian randomization analyses showed ORs of genetically determined grip strength of 0.56 (95% CI, 0.40-0.78, p < 0.001) for incident symptomatic HOA in the XO Study and 0.37 (95% CI, 0.25-0.56, p < 0.001) for incident hospital-diagnosed HOA in the UK Biobank.CONCLUSIONSHigher grip strength was associated with a lower risk of incident symptomatic HOA. These findings offer empirical evidence that interventions aimed at enhancing grip strength may help prevent symptomatic HOA and reduce its individual and societal burden.","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"28 1","pages":"e70265"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147577969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feeding Behaviour in the KPC Model of Pancreatic Cancer-Associated Cachexia: Alteration of Spontaneous and Evoked Feeding Behaviours.","authors":"Fateema Muzaffar,William F Colmers,Vickie E Baracos","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.70262","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDThe KPC mouse model of pancreatic cancer is gaining use in research, but detailed understanding of ingestive behaviour changes in this and other cachexia models is limited.METHODSMale C57BL/6 J mice (7 weeks) were maintained under standard feed (PicoLab5L0D) and housing conditions (12:12 h; Light:Dark). Spontaneous feeding was observed in a Comprehensive Lab Animal Monitoring System: meal size, frequency, intermeal intervals and satiety ratio (i.e., time between meals divided by kcal energy in the preceding meal). Feeding was observed at baseline and over time after intraperitoneal injection syngeneic KPC pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells. Separate cohorts of mice were used to study homeostatic feeding responses at baseline and on Day 14 after KPC injection (KPC_14). These responses were fasting-evoked refeeding, ghrelin injection (1 mg/kg) and lights-out cue.RESULTSSpontaneous food intake declined by 50% by 14 days after tumour injection. At baseline, food intake was observed during 23 of 24 h daily; at KPC_14, hours without any food intake increased from 1 to 12 (p ≤ 0.0001). At KPC_14, intermeal intervals increased (light cycle: 60.5 ± 11.2 vs. 146.4 ± 19.6 min; p < 0.0001; dark cycle: 26.0 ± 3.8 vs. 42.0 ± 5.5 min; p = 0.0045), and the satiety ratio tripled (light cycle: 23.1 ± 5.9 vs. 69.4 ± 10.5 min/0.1 kcal; p < 0.0001; dark cycle: 11.3 ± 3.4 vs. 27.1 ± 5.0 min/0.1 kcal; p = 0.0028). By contrast, meal size and ingestion rate were unchanged. At KPC_14 mice showed reduced responses to homeostatic feeding cues. After 12-h starvation, refeeding intake during 4 h was 0.81 ± 0.3 g vs. 0.39 ± 0.19 g at KPC_14 (-52%, p = 0.02). Ghrelin response was also blunted 0.66 ± 0.19 g vs. 0.42 ± 0.27 g at KPC_14 (-36%, p = 0.005). Mice responded to lights-out with ~ 4 h of vigorous feeding, ingesting a total of 0.94 ± 0.2 g at baseline; this amount was reduced to 0.55 ± 0.3 g (-41%, p < 0.01) at KPC_14, predominantly due to a steep decline in feeding after the end of the first dark hour.CONCLUSIONSMice with KPC show response to homeostatic feeding cues; however, these were of diminished amplitude and sustainability. Large increases in intermeal interval and satiety ratio were notable, with mice eating nothing at all for extended periods of time, consistent with enhanced satiety and/or a failure to generate signals sufficient to generate a new feeding event.","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"50 1","pages":"e70262"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147585690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disuse-Induced Muscle Atrophy and Muscle Weakness From Hospitalization to Spaceflight: Exercise Succeeds in Prevention and Treatment-A Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Camila S Padilha,Caique Figueiredo,Rafael Deminice,Alex S Ribeiro,Robert U Newton,Nicolas H Hart,José Cesar Rosa-Neto,Marília Seelaender,Fábio Santos Lira","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.70259","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDExercise has been proposed as both a preventive and therapeutic countermeasure; however, its effectiveness across different disuse conditions and timings of implementation remains uncertain.METHODSThis systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO: CRD42021256599) searched ClinicalTrials.gov, Cochrane Central, PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL and SciELO from inception to May 2021, with an update in March 2025. Randomized and nonrandomized controlled trials examining exercise interventions during or after muscle disuse were included according to the PICOS framework. Random-effects meta-analysis evaluated effects on muscle strength, power and mass across hospitalization, bed rest and spaceflight conditions. Effect sizes (ES) are reported as standardized mean differences with 95% confidence intervals (CI).RESULTSA total of 1754 participants (66% male, 34% female; mean age 49 ± 22 years) were included. Preventive exercise interventions significantly improved muscle strength and power across disuse models. During hospitalization, exercise significantly increased muscle strength (ES = 0.60, 95% CI [0.42, 0.78]; p < 0.0001; I2 = 76%). This effect remained significant in multilevel analyses accounting for within-study dependence (ES = 0.58, 95% CI [0.19, 0.96]; p = 0.003). During bed rest, conventional random-effects analyses indicated large effects (ES = 1.16, 95% CI [0.60, 1.71]; p < 0.0001; I2 = 55%); however, multilevel models incorporating correlated lower limb strength and power outcomes showed no significant pooled effect (ES = 0.06, 95% CI [-1.31, 1.43]; p = 0.93). In contrast, spaceflight studies demonstrated small, nonsignificant effects on muscle strength and power (ES = 0.10, 95% CI [-0.32, 0.51]; p = 0.65), and pooled standardized mean change analyses indicated no significant overall change in muscle mass (ES = 0.002, 95% CI [-0.077, 0.080]; p = 0.966). When exercise was applied therapeutically after disuse, a trend toward improved muscle strength and power was observed (ES = 0.23, 95% CI [-0.01, 0.47]; p = 0.06; I2 = 12%), although multilevel models showed no significant effects (ES = 0.30, 95% CI [-0.34, 0.95]; p = 0.361). Exercise significantly preserved or increased muscle mass during bed rest (ES = 0.47, 95% CI [0.19, 0.74]; p = 0.0009) and spaceflight (ES = 0.27, 95% CI [0.05, 0.48]; p = 0.02).CONCLUSIONExercise, particularly resistance training, attenuates muscle strength loss and preserves muscle mass during hospitalization and bed rest, whereas no consistent benefits are observed during spaceflight. Exercise initiated after disuse shows modest potential for restoring muscle function. Current evidence is insufficient to determine whether preventive or therapeutic initiation provides superior outcomes. Further high-quality randomized controlled trials are required to define the optimal timing, modality and dose of exercise for clinical rehabilitation and aerospace applications.","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"68 1","pages":"e70259"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147680571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual Roles of Adipose Tissue in Skeletal Muscle Regeneration: Pro-Regenerative Versus Maladaptive.","authors":"Chongxuan Lu, Feng Lu, Junrong Cai","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70269","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.70269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Skeletal muscle accounts for approximately 40% of total body mass and is essential for locomotion, metabolic regulation and systemic homeostasis. Adipose tissue is increasingly recognized as an active component of the muscle's regenerative microenvironment. During muscle repair, adipose tissue contributes to local metabolic support and paracrine signalling, but its effects are highly context dependent. Tightly regulated presence of adipose tissue accompanies effective regeneration, whereas excessive or dysregulated ectopic fat accumulation leads to persistent functional impairment. This review synthesizes recent experimental and translational studies investigating the cellular origins, regulatory mechanisms and functional consequences of adipose tissue during skeletal muscle repair. We propose three potential therapeutic directions to improve pathological muscle repair by modulation of the adipose-related intramuscular regenerative microenvironment: (1) targeted modulation of fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) to curb pathological adipogenesis and fibrosis while leveraging beneficial mediators such as adiponectin and leptin; (2) adipose-derived stem cell transplantation and exosome-based approaches to deliver multipotent cells and remodel the repair microenvironment; and (3) induction of adipose browning to enhance energy availability, immune tone and vascularization while recognizing its context-dependent liabilities. Together, these strategies position adipose tissue as a plastic and environment-sensitive regulator of muscle regeneration and provide a framework for precision interventions to improve structural and functional outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"17 2","pages":"e70269"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13088154/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147696907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Muscle Atrophy-Related Adverse Events of Antidiabetic Drug Classes: A Pharmacovigilance Analysis Using VigiBase Data.","authors":"Shiho Ueta,Takahiro Niimura,Mitsuhiro Goda,Tomoaki Ishida,Naohiro Iwata,Tatsuaki Takeda,Kei Kawada,Koji Miyata,Fuka Aizawa,Kenta Yagi,Hirofumi Hamano,Masayuki Chuma,Yuki Izawa-Ishizawa,Yoshito Zamami,Keisuke Ishizawa","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.70251","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDDiabetes mellitus-a chronic metabolic disorder associated with an increased risk of muscle atrophy-can significantly impact patients' quality of life and overall health outcomes. While antidiabetic medications are crucial for managing blood glucose levels, some have been linked to muscle-related adverse events, potentially exacerbating the already elevated risk of muscle deterioration in diabetic patients. However, a comprehensive analysis of muscle atrophy-related adverse events across different classes of antidiabetic drugs has been lacking. Therefore, this study investigates the profile of muscle atrophy-related adverse events across major antidiabetic drug classes using the World Health Organization's (WHO's) Individual Case Safety Reports database.METHODSA pharmacovigilance analysis was conducted using data from VigiBase, the WHO's global reporting database, from 1968 to September 2025. The study examined adverse event signals related to muscle atrophy, sarcopenia, muscular weakness and motor function decline for nine classes of antidiabetic medications. Reporting odds ratios (RORs) were calculated to assess signal detection, and co-occurrence patterns of adverse events were analysed.RESULTSAmong 41 551 306 adverse event reports, 2 095 847 were related to antidiabetic medications. Safety signals for muscle atrophy were detected with sulfonylureas (ROR: 1.2, 95% CI: 1.01-1.43, p = 0.042), GLP-1 analogues (ROR: 1.2, 95% CI: 1.02-1.41, p = 0.031) and SGLT2 inhibitors (ROR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.19-1.78, p < 0.001). SGLT2 inhibitors also showed a signal for sarcopenia (ROR: 6.2, 95% CI: 3.71-10.3, p < 0.001). Biguanides demonstrated signals for muscular weakness (ROR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.54-1.71, p < 0.001) and motor function decline (ROR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.41-2.13, p < 0.001). Thiazolidinediones, glinides, DPP-4 inhibitors and alpha-glucosidase inhibitors showed no safety signals for the examined adverse events. Additionally, co-occurrence analysis revealed frequent associations between muscle atrophy and nausea/vomiting, falls and decreased appetite across different drug classes.CONCLUSIONSThese findings indicate notable differences in the profiles of muscle atrophy-related adverse events among major classes of antidiabetic drugs, suggesting that drug selection may influence the risk of muscle function decline in patients. Clinicians should consider these safety profiles when prescribing antidiabetic therapies; however, causal relationships cannot be inferred solely from pharmacovigilance data. Further studies are warranted to establish causality between antidiabetic drug use and muscle-related adverse events and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"20 1","pages":"e70251"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147680604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined Effect of Sarcopenia and Impaired Respiratory Function on All-Cause Death: A Nationwide Cohort Study.","authors":"Chutao Wu,Dan Wu,Mu Li,Senrong Lu,Yukai Wang,Yulong Lan","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.70275","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDRespiratory fitness and sarcopenia status have been reported to be cross-sectionally linked with each other and increase mortality risk. However, little is currently known regarding the connection between impaired respiratory function and sarcopenia and their joint effect on future death risk.METHODSThis study included 12 027 participants (50.8% were women; mean [SD] age, 58.9 [9.3] years) from a nationwide, prospective cohort in China (China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study). Respiratory function was assessed by peak expiratory flow (PEF). Sarcopenia status was assessed according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 (AWGS 2019) criteria. Time-to-event survival analyses and causal mediation analyses were conducted to assess the joint association of sarcopenia and reduced PEF with all-cause mortality.RESULTSDuring a mean follow-up of 8.64 years, 1536 deaths were recorded. After multivariable adjustment, the hazard ratios (HRs) for mortality were 1.51 (95% CI: 1.33-1.71) for possible sarcopenia and 1.67 (95% CI: 1.43-1.94) for diagnosed sarcopenia. A dose-dependent association between PEF and mortality was observed (p-nonlinearity > 0.05). The adjusted HRs per 1-SD decrease in PEF were 1.29 (95% CI: 1.18-1.41), 1.15 (95% CI: 1.03-1.29), and 1.49 (95% CI: 1.30-1.71) among individuals with nonsarcopenia, possible sarcopenia, and diagnosed sarcopenia, respectively (p interaction = 0.127). Causal mediation analysis demonstrated a bidirectional mediation effect, with both natural direct and indirect effects being statistically significant. Diagnosed sarcopenia was associated with excess mortality partly mediated by reduced PEF (total effect HR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.38-1.92; natural indirect effect HR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.07-1.14; proportion mediated: 18.5%). Conversely, sarcopenia mediated 10.0% and 7.0% of the reduced PEF-mortality pathway for possible and diagnosed sarcopenia, respectively. Compared with participants who had normal PEF and no sarcopenia, the adjusted HRs (95% CIs) for mortality were 1.52 (1.22-1.89) for possible sarcopenia with normal PEF, 1.73 (1.28-2.35) for diagnosed sarcopenia with normal PEF, 1.60 (1.36-1.88) for impaired PEF without sarcopenia, 2.22 (1.87-2.64) for impaired PEF with possible sarcopenia, and 2.44 (2.01-2.97) for impaired PEF with diagnosed sarcopenia. No significant risk heterogeneity was observed across sex, age or lifestyle subgroups.CONCLUSIONSSarcopenia and impaired respiratory function are interrelated and jointly elevate mortality risk in middle-aged and older Chinese adults.","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"28 1","pages":"e70275"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147619413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hip Abductor Strength Predicts Injurious Falls and Mediates the Balance Confidence-Falls Relationship: A Competing Risk Model.","authors":"Tewodros Yosef,Julie A Pasco,Monica C Tembo,Kara L Holloway-Kew","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.70280","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDFalls are a major public health issue, largely driven by age-related declines in hip and lower limb muscle strength. Hip muscle strength plays a critical role in postural stability and falls prevention. Lower balance confidence increases fall risk by restricting activity participation, which may contribute to muscle weakness over time. This study examined the association between hip abductor and flexor strength and the incidence of injurious falls in older adults and investigated whether hip abductor and flexor strength mediate the relationship between balance confidence and incident injurious falls.METHODSParticipants (n = 952; aged ≥ 65 years) were drawn from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study (GOS). The outcome was the time to first emergency department presentation for an incident injurious fall. Hip abductor and flexor strength were assessed using a handheld dynamometer to measure hip abduction and flexion force, with strength values adjusted for leg lean mass measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Balance confidence was assessed using the 14-item Modified Falls Efficacy Scale (MFES). Associations between hip muscle strength and incident injurious falls were evaluated using a competing risk regression model, which accounted for death as a competing event. The results are expressed as adjusted sub-distribution hazard ratios (aSHR) and 95% confidence intervals. Mediation analysis was conducted to assess whether hip abductor and flexor strength mediated the relationship between balance confidence and the incidence of injurious falls.RESULTSAmong the 952 participants, 38% were women (mean age 76.1 ± 7.3 years), and 62% were men (mean age 76.9 ± 7.0 years). The median follow-up time was 11.5 years (IQR 5.9-19.0). During follow-up, 219 participants (23.0%) experienced at least one injurious fall, corresponding to an incidence rate of 19.3 per 1000 person-years (95% CI: 16.9-22.0). Greater hip abductor strength was associated with a lower risk of incident injurious falls (aSHR = 0.835, 95% CI: 0.724-0.963; p = 0.013), with each 1-N/kg increase in hip abductor strength reducing the sub-distribution hazard by 16.5%. Hip flexor strength was not significantly associated with incident injurious falls. Hip abductor strength accounted for 23.7% of the association between balance confidence and incident injurious falls.CONCLUSIONSGreater hip abductor strength is protective against incident injurious falls in older adults and partially mediates the relationship between balance confidence and injurious falls. Fall prevention strategies should integrate hip abductor strengthening with interventions targeting cognitive and psychological factors, such as improving balance confidence.","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"18 1","pages":"e70280"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147585691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sarcopenia Predicts Outcome After Chemoimmunotherapy, Not Chemotherapy, in Advanced Lung Cancer: Single-Centre Retrospective Study.","authors":"Hyojin Lee, Chang Gon Kim, Sookyeong Han, Su Kyoung Park, Hong In Yoon, Kyung Hwan Kim, Hyo Sup Shim, Min Hee Hong, Ja Hyun Yeo, Sangwoo Kim, Sang Hyun Hwang, Hye Ryun Kim, Namki Hong","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70243","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.70243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sarcopenia, characterized by progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass, is prevalent in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). While sarcopenia has been associated with poor prognosis in multiple types of cancer, its predictive role in the context of first-line treatment combining PD-(L)1 inhibitors with platinum-based chemotherapy (CITx) remains unclear in advanced NSCLC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a single-centre retrospective cohort, patients with advanced NSCLC without actionable genomic alterations who received either CITx (n = 552) or platinum-doublet chemotherapy alone (CTx; n = 622) were analysed. Sarcopenia was defined on the Martin's computed tomography-derived skeletal muscle index definition. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were assessed. Interaction between sarcopenia and treatment modality was explored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sarcopenia was observed in 49.5% of patients. The presence of sarcopenia was associated with worse outcomes in overall patients (median OS: 9.4 vs. 11.4 months; HR 1.22, 95% CI 1.08-1.39). When stratified by treatment groups, sarcopenia was significantly associated with higher risk of progression (adjusted HR 1.23, 95% CI 1.01-1.49) and death (adjusted HR 1.42, 95% CI 1.16-1.74) in CITx-treated patients, whereas no such association was observed in the CTx group. The interaction between sarcopenia and treatment type was significant for both PFS (p = 0.041) and OS (p = 0.022).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Sarcopenia is a predictive biomarker for inferior outcomes in patients with advanced NSCLC treated with CITx, but not with CTx. Assessment of skeletal muscle mass can help identify patients at risk for suboptimal response to CITx. This study provides grounds for future exploration in interventions targeting sarcopenia and cachexia to enhance clinical outcomes in advanced cancer patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"17 2","pages":"e70243"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13140918/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147508340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on 'Effect of Skeletal Muscle Mass and Its Associated Mediators on the Development of Steatotic Liver Disease: A Cohort Study in China' by Liang et al.","authors":"Atsushi Nakamura","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70288","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.70288","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"17 2","pages":"e70288"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13087528/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147696909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Underweight Status Amplifies Respiratory Infection Mortality in Diabetes: Findings From a Nationwide Cohort Study","authors":"Hun Jee Choe, Kyong Do Han, Ji‐Hong Park, Jiwoo Lee, Mi Kyung Kwak, Yun Mi Choi, Sun‐Joon Moon, Eun‐Gyoung Hong","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.70263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.70263","url":null,"abstract":"Background Diabetes increases susceptibility to infectious respiratory diseases, but the impact of underweight status on mortality from these conditions remains unclear. We evaluated the association between low body mass index (BMI) and respiratory infection‐related mortality in a large nationwide cohort of individuals with diabetes. Methods We conducted a population‐based cohort study using linked Korean national health and mortality data, including 2 508 409 adults with type 2 diabetes. Participants were stratified by BMI and followed for cause‐specific mortality from influenza/pneumonia, tuberculosis and COVID‐19. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs), accounting for demographics, lifestyle factors, comorbidities and competing risks. Results Over a median follow‐up of 6 years, 18 024 (0.72%) participants died due to respiratory infections. Compared to individuals with BMI ≥ 18.5 kg/m <jats:sup>2</jats:sup> , the aHRs for respiratory mortality were 7.27 (95% CI, 6.31–8.38), 4.79 (4.25–5.41) and 3.15 (2.93–3.38) for BMI &lt; 16, 16–16.9 and 17–18.4 kg/m <jats:sup>2</jats:sup> , respectively (all <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) with a progressive risk gradient. Underweight status amplified the risk of tuberculosis‐related mortality most markedly (aHR, 9.93 for BMI &lt; 16 kg/m <jats:sup>2</jats:sup> , <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). Mortality risks in underweight individuals exceeded those for BMI ≥ 35 kg/m <jats:sup>2</jats:sup> relative to the reference group (25–29.9 kg/m <jats:sup>2</jats:sup> ). Associations were more pronounced in individuals under 65 years and those without cardiovascular or kidney disease. Conclusions Underweight status is a strong, independent predictor of respiratory infection‐related mortality in individuals with diabetes. Recognition of low BMI as a marker of vulnerability may improve targeted preventive strategies in diabetes care.","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147524701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}