Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle最新文献

{"title":"Associations between indoor air pollution for cooking and heating with muscle and sarcopenia in Chinese older population","authors":"Zhigang Hu,&nbsp;Yufeng Tian,&nbsp;Xinyu Song,&nbsp;Fanjun Zeng,&nbsp;Ailan Yang","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13281","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.13281","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Exposure to air pollution brings the advent effect for various diseases, but study about the relationship between air pollution and ageing is scant. We aimed to determine the associations between household air pollution for cooking and heating with muscle and sarcopenia in Chinese older population by a nationally representative study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cross-sectional study included individuals aged 60 and above from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study between 2011 and 2015. The diagnosis of sarcopenia was defined by low muscle mass with low muscle strength and/or reduced physical performance. Generalized additive analyses and dose-dependent analyses with three models were used to assess the effects of different pattern of cooking and heating on muscle and sarcopenia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 8126 Chinese older individuals with predominant male (53.7%) and mean age of 67.3 ± 6.0 years were included in our study. Solid fuel use in cooking showed significant declines in muscle strength (β = −0.424, 95% CI: −0.767, −0.082, <i>P</i> = 0.01 in model 3) and mass (β = −0.034, 95% CI: −0.051, −0.017, <i>P &lt;</i> 0.01 in model 3), when compared with clean fuel use in cooking, respectively. Solid fuel for heating was correlated with lower muscle strength (β = −0.637, 95% CI: −1.033, −0.241, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01 in model 3) than clean fuel for heating. The joint use of solid fuel for cooking and heating was associated with reduced muscle strength (β = −0.835, 95% CI: −1.306, −0.365, <i>P &lt;</i> 0.01 in model 3) and mass (β = −0.038, 95% CI: −0.061, −0.015, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01 in model 3) than clean fuel for cooking and heating. Solid fuel for cooking was associated with significantly increased risk of low muscle strength (adjusted OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.11, 1.50, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01 in model 3) and mass (adjusted OR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.11, 1.61, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01 in model 3), possible sarcopenia (adjusted OR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.19, 1.48, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01 in model 3) and sarcopenia (adjusted OR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.21, 1.72, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01 in model 3) compared with clean fuel for cooking. Solid fuel for heating had a significant correlation with low muscle strength (adjusted OR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.56, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01 in model 3) and possible sarcopenia (adjusted OR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.31, 1.70, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01 in model 3). Dose-dependent manner was shown in the associations between the number of solid fuel with low muscle strength and possible sarcopenia. Clean fuel for cooking and solid fuel for heating was positively associated with t","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"14 5","pages":"2029-2043"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13281","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9776498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the rate of force development reveals high neuromuscular fatigability in elderly patients with chronic kidney disease","authors":"Antoine Chatrenet,&nbsp;Giorgina Piccoli,&nbsp;Jean Michel Audebrand,&nbsp;Massimo Torreggiani,&nbsp;Julien Barbieux,&nbsp;Charly Vaillant,&nbsp;Baptiste Morel,&nbsp;Sylvain Durand,&nbsp;Bruno Beaune","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13280","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.13280","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) induces muscle wasting and a reduction in the maximum voluntary force (MVF). Little is known about the neuromuscular fatigability in CKD patients, defined as the reduction of muscle force capacities during exercise. Neuromuscular fatigability is a crucial physical parameter of the daily living. The quantification of explosive force has been shown to be a sensitive means to assess neuromuscular fatigability. Thus, our study used explosive force estimates to assess neuromuscular fatigability in elderly CKD patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Inclusion criteria for CKD patients were age ≥ 60 years old and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) &lt; 45 mL/min/1.73 m² not on dialysis, and those for controls were GFR &gt; 60 mL/min/1.73 m², age and diabetes matched. The fatigability protocol focused on a handgrip task coupled with surface electromyography (sEMG). Scalars were extracted from the rate of force development (RFD): absolute and normalized time periods (50, 75, 100, 150 and 200 ms, RFD₅₀, RFD₇₅, RFD₁₀₀, RFD₁₅₀ and RFD₂₀₀, respectively), peak RFD (RFD_peak in absolute; NRFD_peak normalized), time-to-peak RFD (t-RFD_peak) and the relative force at RFD_peak (MVF-RFD_peak). A statistical parametric mapping approach was performed on the force, impulse and RFD–time curves. The integrated sEMG with time at 0–30, 0–50, 0–100 and 0–200 ms time intervals relative to onset of sEMG activity was extracted and groups were compared separately for each sex.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The cohort of 159 individuals had a median age of 69 (9_IQR) years and body mass index was 27.6 (6.2_IQR) kg/m². Propensity-score-matched groups balanced CKD patients and controls by gender with 66 males and 34 females. In scalar analysis, CKD patients manifested a higher decrement than controls in the early phase of contraction, regarding the NRFD_peak (<i>P</i> = 0.009; η²_p = 0.034) and RFD₇₅ and RFD₁₀₀ (for both <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001; η²_p = 0.068 and 0.064). The one-dimensional analysis confirmed that CKD males manifest higher and delayed neuromuscular fatigability, especially before 100 ms from onset of contraction. sEMG was lower in CKD patients than controls in the 0–100 ms (at rest: <i>P</i> = 0.049, Cohen's <i>d</i> = 0.458) and 0–200 ms (at rest: <i>P</i> = 0.016, Cohen's <i>d</i> = 0.496; during exercise: <i>P</i> = 0.006, Cohen's <i>d</i> = ","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"14 5","pages":"2016-2028"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13280","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9829626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Faecal microbiota transplantation from young rats attenuates age-related sarcopenia revealed by multiomics analysis","authors":"Xiaoxing Mo,&nbsp;Lihui Shen,&nbsp;Ruijie Cheng,&nbsp;Pei Wang,&nbsp;Lin Wen,&nbsp;Yunhong Sun,&nbsp;Qiang Wang,&nbsp;Juan Chen,&nbsp;Shan Lin,&nbsp;Yuxiao Liao,&nbsp;Wei Yang,&nbsp;Hong Yan,&nbsp;Liegang Liu","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13294","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.13294","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gut microbiota plays a key role in the development of sarcopenia via the ‘gut-muscle’ axis, and probiotics-based therapy might be a strategy for sarcopenia. Fecal microbiota transplantation from young donors (yFMT) has attracted much attention because of its probiotic function. However, whether or not yFMT is effective for sarcopenia in old recipients is largely unknown. Thus, we aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of yFMT on age-related sarcopenia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The fecal microbiota of either young (12 weeks) or old (88 weeks) donor rats was transplanted into aged recipient rats for 8 weeks. Then, muscle mass, muscle strength, muscle function, muscle atrophy, and muscle regeneration capacity were measured. Analysis of fecal 16 s rRNA, serum non-targeted metabolomic, gut barrier integrity, and muscle transcriptome was conducted to elucidate the interaction between gut microbiota and skeletal muscles.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging examination, grip strength test (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.01), rotarod test (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), and exhaustive running test (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), we found that yFMT mitigated muscle mass loss, muscle strength weakness, and muscle function impairment in aged rats. yFMT also countered age-related atrophy and poor regeneration capacity in fast- and slow-switch muscles, which were manifested by the decrease in slow-switch myofibres (both <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01) and muscle interstitial fibrosis (both <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) and the increase in the cross-section area of myofibres (both <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001), fast-switch myofibres (both <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01), and muscle satellite cells (both <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001). In addition, yFMT ameliorated age-related dysbiosis of gut microbiota and metabolites by promoting the production of beneficial bacteria and metabolites—<i>Akkermansia</i>, <i>Lactococcus</i>, <i>Lactobacillus</i>, γ-glutamyltyrosine, 3R-hydroxy-butanoic acid, and methoxyacetic acid and inhibiting the production of deleterious bacteria and metabolites—<i>Family_XIII_AD3011_group</i>, <i>Collinsella</i>, indoxyl sulfate, indole-3-carboxilic acid-<i>O</i>-sulphate, and trimethylamine N-oxide. Also, yFMT prevented age-related destruction of gut barrier integrity by increasing the density of goblet cells (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.0001) and the expression levels of mucin-2 (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.0001) and tight junctional proteins (all <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Meanwhile, yFMT attenuated age-related impairment of mitochondrial biogenesis and function in fast- and slow-switch muscles. Correlation analysis revealed that yFMT-i","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"14 5","pages":"2168-2183"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13294","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9770735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corylifol A ameliorates muscle atrophy by inhibiting TAOK1/p38-MAPK/FoxO3 pathway in cancer cachexia","authors":"Ruiqin Zhang,&nbsp;Qiang Shen,&nbsp;Yueping Wang,&nbsp;Xue Deng,&nbsp;Jialing Fan,&nbsp;Xiaofan Gu,&nbsp;Meng Fan,&nbsp;Kun Wei,&nbsp;Chun-Ru Cheng,&nbsp;Wei-Dong Zhang,&nbsp;Xiong-wen Zhang,&nbsp;Xuan Liu","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13288","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.13288","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Corylifol A (CYA) is one of the main active components of <i>Psoralea corylifolia</i> L. CYA had been reported to have ameliorating effects on dexamethasone-induced atrophy of C2C12 mouse skeletal myotubes, but its effects on cancer cachexia were unclear. Here, we checked the influence of CYA on muscle atrophy in cancer cachexia mice and tried to clarify its mechanisms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>C26 tumour-bearing mice were applied as the animal model to examine the effects of CYA in attenuating cachexia symptoms. The in vitro cell models of TNF-α-induced C2C12 myotubes or ad-mRFP-GFP-LC3B-transfected C2C12 myotubes were used to check the influence of CYA on myotube atrophy based on both ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) and autophagy-lysosome system. The possible direct targets of CYA were searched using the biotin-streptavidin pull-down assay and then confirmed using the Microscale thermophoresis binding assay. The levels of related signal proteins in both in vitro and in vivo experiments were examined using western blotting and immunocytochemical assay.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The administration of CYA prevented body weight loss and muscle wasting in C26 tumour-bearing mice without affecting tumour growth. At the end of the experiment, the body weight of mice treated with 30 mg/kg of CYA (23.59 ± 0.94 g) was significantly higher than that of the C26 model group (21.66 ± 0.56 g) with <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05. The values of gastrocnemius muscle weight/body weight of mice treated with 15 or 30 mg/kg CYA (0.53 ± 0.02% and 0.54 ± 0.01%, respectively) were both significantly higher than that of the C26 model group (0.45 ± 0.01%) with <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01. CYA decreased both UPS-mediated protein degradation and autophagy in muscle tissues of C26 tumour-bearing mice as well as in C2C12 myotubes treated with TNF-α. The thousand-and-one amino acid kinase 1 (TAOK1) was found to be the direct binding target of CYA. CYA inhibited the activation of TAOK1 and its downstream p38-MAPK pathway thus decreased the level and nuclear location of FoxO3. siRNA knockdown of TAOK1 or regulation of the p38-MAPK pathway using activator or inhibitor could affect the ameliorating effects of CYA on myotube atrophy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CYA ameliorates cancer cachexia muscle atrophy by decreasing both UPS degradation and autophagy. The ameliorating effects of CYA on muscle atrophy might be based on its binding with TAOK1 and inhibiting the TAOK1/p38-MAPK/FoxO3 pathway.</p>\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"14 5","pages":"2098-2113"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13288","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9774617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A single-cell atlas of bovine skeletal muscle reveals mechanisms regulating intramuscular adipogenesis and fibrogenesis","authors":"Leshan Wang,&nbsp;Peidong Gao,&nbsp;Chaoyang Li,&nbsp;Qianglin Liu,&nbsp;Zeyang Yao,&nbsp;Yuxia Li,&nbsp;Xujia Zhang,&nbsp;Jiangwen Sun,&nbsp;Constantine Simintiras,&nbsp;Matthew Welborn,&nbsp;Kenneth McMillin,&nbsp;Stephanie Oprescu,&nbsp;Shihuan Kuang,&nbsp;Xing Fu","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13292","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.13292","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Intramuscular fat (IMF) and intramuscular connective tissue (IMC) are often seen in human myopathies and are central to beef quality. The mechanisms regulating their accumulation remain poorly understood. Here, we explored the possibility of using beef cattle as a novel model for mechanistic studies of intramuscular adipogenesis and fibrogenesis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Skeletal muscle single-cell RNAseq was performed on three cattle breeds, including Wagyu (high IMF), Brahman (abundant IMC but scarce IMF), and Wagyu/Brahman cross. Sophisticated bioinformatics analyses, including clustering analysis, gene set enrichment analyses, gene regulatory network construction, RNA velocity, pseudotime analysis, and cell–cell communication analysis, were performed to elucidate heterogeneities and differentiation processes of individual cell types and differences between cattle breeds. Experiments were conducted to validate the function and specificity of identified key regulatory and marker genes. Integrated analysis with multiple published human and non-human primate datasets was performed to identify common mechanisms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 32 708 cells and 21 clusters were identified, including fibro/adipogenic progenitor (FAP) and other resident and infiltrating cell types. We identified an endomysial adipogenic FAP subpopulation enriched for <i>COL4A1</i> and <i>CFD</i> (log2FC = 3.19 and 1.92, respectively; <i>P &lt;</i> 0.0001) and a perimysial fibrogenic FAP subpopulation enriched for <i>COL1A1</i> and <i>POSTN</i> (log2FC = 1.83 and 0.87, respectively; <i>P &lt;</i> 0.0001), both of which were likely derived from an unspecified subpopulation. Further analysis revealed more progressed adipogenic programming of Wagyu FAPs and more advanced fibrogenic programming of Brahman FAPs. Mechanistically, NAB2 drives <i>CFD</i> expression, which in turn promotes adipogenesis. <i>CFD</i> expression in FAPs of young cattle before the onset of intramuscular adipogenesis was predictive of IMF contents in adulthood (<i>R</i>² = 0.885, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01). Similar adipogenic and fibrogenic FAPs were identified in humans and monkeys. In aged humans with metabolic syndrome and progressed Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients, increased <i>CFD</i> expression was observed (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05 and <i>P</i> &lt; 0.0001, respectively), which was positively correlated with adipogenic marker expression, including <i>ADIPOQ</i> (<i>R</i>² = 0.303, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01; and <i>R</i>² = 0.348, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01, respectively). The specificity of <i>","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"14 5","pages":"2152-2167"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13292","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10356983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Explainable machine learning model for predicting skeletal muscle loss during surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy in ovarian cancer","authors":"Wen-Han Hsu,&nbsp;Ai-Tung Ko,&nbsp;Chia-Sui Weng,&nbsp;Chih-Long Chang,&nbsp;Ya-Ting Jan,&nbsp;Jhen-Bin Lin,&nbsp;Hung-Ju Chien,&nbsp;Wan-Chun Lin,&nbsp;Fang-Ju Sun,&nbsp;Kun-Pin Wu,&nbsp;Jie Lee","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13282","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.13282","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Skeletal muscle loss during treatment is associated with poor survival outcomes in patients with ovarian cancer. Although changes in muscle mass can be assessed on computed tomography (CT) scans, this labour-intensive process can impair its utility in clinical practice. This study aimed to develop a machine learning (ML) model to predict muscle loss based on clinical data and to interpret the ML model by applying SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study included the data of 617 patients with ovarian cancer who underwent primary debulking surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy at a tertiary centre between 2010 and 2019. The cohort data were split into training and test sets based on the treatment time. External validation was performed using 140 patients from a different tertiary centre. The skeletal muscle index (SMI) was measured from pre- and post-treatment CT scans, and a decrease in SMI ≥ 5% was defined as muscle loss. We evaluated five ML models to predict muscle loss, and their performance was determined using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and F1 score. The features for analysis included demographic and disease-specific characteristics and relative changes in body mass index (BMI), albumin, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR). The SHAP method was applied to determine the importance of the features and interpret the ML models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The median (inter-quartile range) age of the cohort was 52 (46–59) years. After treatment, 204 patients (33.1%) experienced muscle loss in the training and test datasets, while 44 (31.4%) patients experienced muscle loss in the external validation dataset. Among the five evaluated ML models, the random forest model achieved the highest AUC (0.856, 95% confidence interval: 0.854–0.859) and F1 score (0.726, 95% confidence interval: 0.722–0.730). In the external validation, the random forest model outperformed all ML models with an AUC of 0.874 and an F1 score of 0.741. The results of the SHAP method showed that the albumin change, BMI change, malignant ascites, NLR change, and PLR change were the most important factors in muscle loss. At the patient level, SHAP force plots demonstrated insightful interpretation of our random forest model to predict muscle loss.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Explainable ML model was developed using clinical data to identify patients experiencing muscl","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"14 5","pages":"2044-2053"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13282","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9767552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on ‘Prediabetes is an independent risk factor for sarcopenia in older men, but not in older women: the Bunkyo Health Study’ by Kaga et al.","authors":"Shanhu Qiu,&nbsp;Xue Cai,&nbsp;Zilin Sun,&nbsp;Tongzhi Wu","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13293","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.13293","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We read, with great interest, the recent article by Kaga <i>et al</i>., in which prediabetes was reported to be associated with sarcopenia in older men but not in older women based on the cross-sectional analysis using the baseline data from the Bunkyo Health Study.<span>¹</span> This finding indicates that sarcopenia could have occurred prior to the onset of diabetes, particularly in older men, and highlights the need of conducting screening-oriented strategy for sarcopenia prevention in the aging population. However, in this article, several issues are worthy of discussion.</p><p>First, as indicated in the Methods part, the authors performed separate analyses by sex for the association of glycaemic status with sarcopenia. They found that after multivariate adjustment, prediabetes was associated with higher odds for sarcopenia compared with normoglycaemia (odds ratio [OR] 2.08, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03 to 4.20) in men but not in women (OR 1.04, 95% CI: 0.61 to 1.76). However, when combining older men and women together, results from the fixed meta-analytical approach showed that prediabetes might not be significantly associated with higher odds of sarcopenia (OR 1.33, 95% CI: 0.87 to 2.03, <i>P</i> for heterogeneity = 0.12). Moreover, the interaction effect between men and women was not significant (<i>P</i> = 0.12), based on the test for interaction,<span>²</span> suggesting that sex may not mediate the association of prediabetes with sarcopenia. A possible explanation for this inconsistent outcome between men and women, as shown by Kaga <i>et al</i>.,<span>¹</span> might be attributable to the difference in the sample sizes of male and female participants and hence the statistical power. However, as already noted by the authors in their Methods part that there existed considerable differences in body composition, muscle strength, or physical function in the aging population, it is therefore appropriate and reasonable to perform sex-stratified analyses. As a result, future studies with larger sample sizes are required to confirm the present findings regarding the association of prediabetes with sarcopenia between sex in the aging population.</p><p>Second, employing oral glucose tolerance test and haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) to ascertain prediabetes diagnostic criteria by the Japan Diabetes Society is a strength of this article. However, there exists controversies regarding the cut-off points of fasting blood glucose and HbA1c for defining prediabetes. For example, the American Diabetes Association recommends a fasting blood glucose at 5.6–6.9 mmol/L to diagnose prediabetes, while the World Health Organization suggests 6.1–6.9 mmol/L; the American Diabetes Association recommends a HbA1c at 5.7–6.4% (39–47 mmol/mol) to diagnose prediabetes, while the International Expert Committee advocates 6.0–6.4% (42–47 mmol/mol).<span>³</span> It is therefore of interest to know whether the study outcomes a","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"14 5","pages":"2452-2453"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13293","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9771413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic impact of cachexia by multi-assessment in older adults with heart failure: FRAGILE-HF cohort study","authors":"Emi Maekawa,&nbsp;Takumi Noda,&nbsp;Daichi Maeda,&nbsp;Masashi Yamashita,&nbsp;Shota Uchida,&nbsp;Nobuaki Hamazaki,&nbsp;Kohei Nozaki,&nbsp;Hiroshi Saito,&nbsp;Kazuya Saito,&nbsp;Yuki Ogasahara,&nbsp;Masaaki Konishi,&nbsp;Takeshi Kitai,&nbsp;Kentaro Iwata,&nbsp;Kentaro Jujo,&nbsp;Hiroshi Wada,&nbsp;Takatoshi Kasai,&nbsp;Hirofumi Nagamatsu,&nbsp;Tetsuya Ozawa,&nbsp;Katsuya Izawa,&nbsp;Shuhei Yamamoto,&nbsp;Naoki Aizawa,&nbsp;Ryusuke Yonezawa,&nbsp;Kazuhiro Oka,&nbsp;Junya Ako,&nbsp;Shin-ichi Momomura,&nbsp;Nobuyuki Kagiyama,&nbsp;Yuya Matsue,&nbsp;Kentaro Kamiya","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13291","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.13291","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cachexia substantially impacts the prognosis of patients with heart failure (HF); however, there is no standard method for cachexia diagnosis. This study aimed to investigate the association of Evans's criteria, consisting of multiple assessments, with the prognosis of HF in older adults.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study is a secondary analysis of the data from the FRAGILE-HF study, a prospective multicentre cohort study that enrolled consecutive hospitalized patients aged ≥65 years with HF. Patients were divided into two groups: the cachexia and non-cachexia groups. Cachexia was defined according to Evans's criteria by assessing weight loss, muscle weakness, fatigue, anorexia, a decreased fat-free mass index and an abnormal biochemical profile. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality, as assessed in the survival analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cachexia was present in 35.5% of the 1306 enrolled patients (median age [inter-quartile range], 81 [74–86] years; 57.0% male); 59.6%, 73.2%, 15.6%, 71.0%, 44.9% and 64.6% had weight loss, decreased muscle strength, a low fat-free mass index, abnormal biochemistry, anorexia and fatigue, respectively. All-cause mortality occurred in 270 patients (21.0%) over 2 years. The cachexia group (hazard ratio [HR], 1.494; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.173–1.903; <i>P</i> = 0.001) had a higher mortality risk than the non-cachexia group after adjusting for the severity of HF. Cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular deaths occurred in 148 (11.3%) and 122 patients (9.3%), respectively. The adjusted HRs for cachexia in cardiovascular mortality and non-cardiovascular mortality were 1.456 (95% CI, 1.048–2.023; <i>P</i> = 0.025) and 1.561 (95% CI, 1.086–2.243; <i>P</i> = 0.017), respectively. Among the cachexia diagnostic criteria, decreased muscle strength (HR, 1.514; 95% CI, 1.095–2.093; <i>P</i> = 0.012) and low fat-free mass index (HR, 1.424; 95% CI, 1.052–1.926; <i>P</i> = 0.022) were significantly associated with high all-cause mortality, but there was no significant association between weight loss alone (HR, 1.147; 95% CI, 0.895–1.471; <i>P</i> = 0.277) and all-cause mortality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cachexia evaluated by multi-assessment was present in one third of older adults with HF and was associated with a worse prognosis. A multimodal assessment of cachexia may be helpful for risk stratification in older patients with HF.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"14 5","pages":"2143-2151"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13291","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10129019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to I.S. Sinam et al. J of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle, 13, 3122–3136. DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13100","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13295","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.13295","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the original full paper,<span>¹</span> Figure 2D, we have inadvertently uploaded an incorrect figure. We came across this error during the process of data archiving. However, the correction did not affect the quantification (Figure 2D) and therefore, the original interpretation of data and conclusions remain same. Corrected data are identified in red arrow below.</p><p>Representative image of MYOG of C2C12 myotubes transfected with sh<i>Pdk4</i> or shControl and treated with or without dexamethasone (DEX) (100 μM) for 24 h. Quantification represents the levels of the MYOG + ve cell. <i>n</i> = 4; number of image capture sites 20 from each group. **<i>P &lt;</i> 0.01; ***<i>P &lt;</i> 0.001; ****<i>P &lt;</i> 0.0001. Tukey's multiple comparisons test was used for the analysed.</p>","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"14 5","pages":"2455"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13295","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9768227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and applicability of modified weight loss grading system in cancer: a real-world cohort study","authors":"Hailun Xie,&nbsp;Guotian Ruan,&nbsp;Lishuang Wei,&nbsp;Heyang Zhang,&nbsp;Yizhong Ge,&nbsp;Shiqi Lin,&nbsp;Mengmeng Song,&nbsp;Qi Zhang,&nbsp;Xi Zhang,&nbsp;Ziwen Wang,&nbsp;Chenan Liu,&nbsp;Jinyu Shi,&nbsp;Xiaoyue Liu,&nbsp;Ming Yang,&nbsp;Xin Zheng,&nbsp;Yue Chen,&nbsp;Xiaowei Zhang,&nbsp;Li Deng,&nbsp;Hanping Shi","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13287","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.13287","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The original weight loss grading system (WLGS) was developed in western population, which did not perform effectively in cancer patients from China. This study aimed to develop and validate the modified WLGS (mWLGS) in the prognostic assessment of cancer patients in China.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A prospective multicentre real-world cohort study involving 16 842 patients diagnosed with cancer was conducted. Cox regression was used to calculate the hazard ratios for overall survival. Logistic linear regression was used to assess the odds ratio for 90-day outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We calculated survival risks for the 25 mWLGS groups and clustered the approximate survival risks. Finally, we revised the prognostic grading system for mWLGS to include five grades of 0–4. Compared with the original WLGS, the mWLGS had a better prognostic differentiation effect in predicting the prognosis of patients with cancer. The survival rate gradually deteriorated with increasing grade of mWLGS, with the survival rate of grade 0 decreasing from 76.4% to 48.2% for grade 4 (76.4 vs. 72.8 vs. 66.1 vs. 57.0 vs. 48.2%, respectively). The mWLGS provides effective prognostic stratification for most site-specific cancers, especially lung and gastrointestinal cancers. High-grade mWLGS is independently associated with an increased risk of poor quality of life and adverse 90-day outcomes. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the mWLGS was an independent prognostic factor for cancer patients in the validation cohorts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared with the original WLGS, the mWLGS can better stratify the prognosis of cancer patients. mWLGS is a useful tool for predicting survival, 90-day outcomes, and quality of life in patients with cancer. These analyses may provide new insights into the application of WLGS in cancer patients in China.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"14 5","pages":"2090-2097"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13287","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9764397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}