Molecular & Cellular Toxicology最新文献

{"title":"Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1436 accelerates cell proliferation, migration and adhesion properties of the MUM-2B cell line via microRNA-513a-5p/CUG Triplet repeat-binding protein 1 axis to activate the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway","authors":"XinCheng Sun, ZhaoDong Chu, XiaoYan Zhao, MengJiao Wang, YaNan Kong, GuoHua Lu","doi":"10.1007/s13273-024-00466-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13273-024-00466-2","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objective</h3><p>Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1436 (LINC01436) has been reported as a critical regulator of tumor occurrence, but the association between LINC01436 and choroidal melanoma (CM) has hardly been explored. The study was to uncover the precise association of LINC01436 with CM.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>CM tissues and their corresponding adjacent normal tissues were collected, normal chorocytes UM96 and CM cell lines (C918, MUM-2B, OCM-1, MUM-2C) were cultured. LINC01436, microRNA (miR)-513a-5p, and CUG Triplet repeat-binding protein 1 (CELF1) expression in CM tissues and cells were detected. The screened MUM-2B cell line was transfected with LINC01436, miR-513a-5p or CELF1-related sequences or plasmids to explore their biological effects on cells with the involvement of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway. The expressions of PI3K/Akt pathway-related protein were measured after transfection, same as the proliferation, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis, adhesion, migration, and invasion of MUM-2B cells. The binding of LINC01436 with miR-513a-5p and the targeting of miR-513a-5p with CELF1 were verified.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>LINC01436 and CELF1 were upregulated in CM tissues and cells, while miR-513a-5p was reduced. LINC01436 adsorbed miR-513a-5p as a sponge, which targeted CELF1. Silenced LINC01436 suppressed the activation of PI3K/Akt pathway in MUM-2B cells as well as cell proliferation, adhesion, and metastasis. Meanwhile, elevated LINC01436 showed the opposite effect on MUM-2B cells. Restoring miR-513a-5p reversed the influence of augmented LINC01436 on MUM-2B cells. MiR-513a-5p restrained the activation of PI3K/Akt pathway and malignant behaviors of MUM-2B cells via targeting CELF1.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>LINC01436 promotes cell proliferation, migration, and adhesion properties of the MUM-2B cell line via miR-513a-5p/CELF1 axis, which may be related to the PI3K/Akt pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":18683,"journal":{"name":"Molecular & Cellular Toxicology","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141500843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the toxicological impact of yeast vacuoles in Daphnia","authors":"Taehwan Kim, Hyo Jin Choi, Woo-Ri Shin, Uyen Le Ngoc Phuong, Dae-Young Park, Ji-Young Ahn, Yang Hoon Kim, Jiho Min","doi":"10.1007/s13273-024-00462-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13273-024-00462-6","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background</h3><p>The spread of introduced species necessitates effective management strategies. However, the current methods have proven ineffective, thus calling for alternative solutions.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objective</h3><p>In this study, we investigated the impact of yeast vacuoles on <i>Daphnia</i> as a potential agent for managing adult organisms, focusing on morphological analysis, cellular damage assessment, reproductive outcomes, birthing duration, and molting behaviors. By evaluating the ecological impact of vacuoles isolated from yeast, a beneficial microorganism, we discovered a new function of vacuoles as versatile nanomaterials.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Although vacuoles have been extensively studied in various fields, their effects on aquatic ecosystems are not fully understood. Our findings revealed a significant influence of vacuoles on the ecology of <i>Daphnia</i>. The morphological characteristics of yeast vacuoles were revealed by FE-SEM and NTA analysis. Treating vacuoles and vacuolar enzymes to <i>Daphnia</i> resulted in observable internal damage, as evidenced by increased red fluorescence indicative of cell death. Higher concentrations of vacuoles correlated with decreased green fluorescence, suggesting greater internal damage. Furthermore, <i>Daphnia</i> treated with vacuoles exhibited different birth rates and birthing duration. Additionally, increasing vacuole concentrations correlated with increased foreign materials on <i>Daphnia</i> shells after molting, suggesting external adherence of vacuoles.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>In summary, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of toxicology and microbial ecology by revealing the influence of yeast vacuoles on <i>Daphnia</i> physiology and behavior. It also informs environmental management and conservation strategies in aquatic ecosystems and demonstrates the potential of vacuoles as useful agents in controlling harmful fish populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":18683,"journal":{"name":"Molecular & Cellular Toxicology","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141500844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Terrestrosin D inhibits invasion and induces apoptosis through inhibition of STAT3 in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma","authors":"Honglai Zhang, Dawei Sun, Peijie Lei, Jingjing Cheng","doi":"10.1007/s13273-024-00457-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13273-024-00457-3","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background</h3><p>The prognosis with current management approach of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) remains poor, and new effective treatments are greatly needed. Terrestrosin D (TED) is active component of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) <i>Tribulus terrestris L.</i> with anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activities. However, it remains unclear about the activity and mechanisms of TED in ATC.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>In this study, the experimental groups included control, DMSO, TED (2.5 μM), and TED (5 μM). We detected cell viability, invasion, migration, and apoptosis to assess the effects of TED on ATC cells in vitro. Next, we performed western blot to determine apoptosis-related proteins and STAT3 protein expression. In addition, the possible mechanism of TED anti-cancer effects on ATC was preliminarily investigated through network pharmacology.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>These results showed that TED groups could significantly inhibit cell viability, invasion, migration, and colony formation ability, and promote the cell apoptosis, compared with the DMSO group. Besides, TED obviously downregulated the levels of Bcl-2, and STAT3 protein, increased level of Bax and caspase-3 protein. Network pharmacological analysis showed that 27 intersecting genes were obtained by intersecting TED and ATC target gene sets, of which STAT3 had the best correlation.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>We found that TED has strong anti-cancer activities on ATC, which could induce cell apoptosis through the regulation of STAT3. This study provides a new idea to treat ATC.</p>","PeriodicalId":18683,"journal":{"name":"Molecular & Cellular Toxicology","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141252898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary flavonoids protect human brain microvascular endothelial cell from oxidative stress-induced dysfunction","authors":"Qian Tan, Xiaoqiong Yan, Lizhu Chen, Kun Jiang, Zhenli Guo","doi":"10.1007/s13273-024-00461-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13273-024-00461-7","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background</h3><p>The BBB plays a crucial role in the development of numerous neurological diseases and is especially vulnerable to oxidative stress. Human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs), the principal constituents of the BBB, significantly contribute to its formation and preservation. Increasing evidence indicates a potential inverse correlation between the consumption of dietary flavonoids and cardiovascular risk, which could be attributed to their antioxidative properties.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objective</h3><p>To explore the impact of four prevalent and abundant flavonoids on HBMECs within a microenvironment characterized by oxidative stress.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Quercetin, apigenin, and genistein notably mitigated the adverse effects of H₂O₂-induced dysfunctions observed in various HBMEC events, including capillary network differentiation, growth, and survival. Moreover, these compounds reversed the oxidative stress provoked by H₂O₂, alongside reducing oxidative damage to lipids and DNA. Conversely, myricetin failed to reverse the H₂O₂-induced oxidative stress and did not exhibit any protective effects on HBMEC. Intriguingly, quercetin and apigenin elevated NRF2 and NQO1 levels in HBMEC, while genistein did not have the same effect.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Our research offers preclinical evidence indicating that certain flavonoids exhibit antioxidant effects, effectively reducing the dysfunction induced by oxidative stress in brain endothelial cells. This underscores the beneficial impact of flavonoids on the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Additionally, our findings propose potential strategies utilizing flavonoids for the treatment of neurological diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":18683,"journal":{"name":"Molecular & Cellular Toxicology","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141191882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liquiritin alleviates LPS-stimulated podocyte apoptosis and inflammation by activating Nrf2 signaling","authors":"Shijiao Zheng, Yu Li, Dan Luo, Cairong Zhu, Haiyan Zhao, Jing He, Hongyu Yang, Tong Wang, Zhen Chen","doi":"10.1007/s13273-024-00459-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13273-024-00459-1","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background</h3><p>The kidney is one of the most vulnerable organs during the pathogenesis of sepsis. Regulating podocyte injury may be helpful for the treatment of acute kidney injury (AKI) after sepsis. Liquiritin is a flavonoid isolated from the medicinal plant Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gan-cao) and might have nephroprotective properties. The study aimed to explore the functions and mechanism of liquiritin in a cell model of septic AKI.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>The cell model of septic AKI was established by stimulating podocytes with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The concentration of proinflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Podocyte viability and apoptosis were determined by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assays. Western blotting was performed to measure the protein levels of apoptosis-related markers, nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), cytoplasmic Nrf2, and nuclear Nrf2. RT-qPCR was required to assess the mRNA levels of Nrf2 and proinflammatory cytokines.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>LPS treatment induced podocyte injury by suppressing cell viability and accelerating cell apoptosis, and the trend was reversed by liquiritin. Moreover, liquiritin prevented LPS-evoked high levels of proinflammatory cytokines in podocytes. LPS caused the inactivation of the Nrf2 signaling by reducing cytoplasmic Nrf2 level and increasing nuclear Nrf2 level. Liquiritin activated the Nrf2 signaling in the context of LPS by controlling Nrf2 nuclear transition. Inhibition of Nrf2 signaling using ML385 suppressed the protective effect of liquiritin on podocyte dysfunction.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Liquiritin mitigates LPS-induced podocyte apoptosis and inflammation by activating Nrf2 signaling.</p>","PeriodicalId":18683,"journal":{"name":"Molecular & Cellular Toxicology","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140937504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A preliminary study on the effects of Xiaoyao San on neurological function and 5-HT2A mRNA expression in mice with Tourette syndrome","authors":"Xingyue Liu, Guoyun Cao","doi":"10.1007/s13273-024-00460-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13273-024-00460-8","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background</h3><p>Tourette syndrome (TS) is a chronic neuropsychiatric disorder, also known as multiple tic syndrome. TS is associated with the serotonin (5-HT) system, of which 5-HT2A is a subtype. Xiaoyao San (XYS) comes from “Prescriptions of the Bureau of Taiping People’s Welfare”. It has the effect of harmonizing liver and spleen, relieving depression, nourishing blood, and invigorating spleen. However, the therapeutic mechanism of XYS for TS has not been evaluated. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of XYS on the TS mouse model and its possible mechanism.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>A mouse model of TS induced by DOI (selective 5-HT (2A/2C) receptor agonist, 10 ml/kg) was established. The mice were randomly divided into normal control group, DOI group, DOI + Tiapride Hydrochloride (Tia at 25 mg /kg) group, DOI + XYS low-dose (1.44 g/kg/d), medium-dose (2.88 g/kg/d) and high-dose (5.76 g/kg/d) groups, and the mice were given the corresponding drug intragastric administration for four consecutive weeks, and the stereotypic behavior was recorded weekly. The morphological characteristics of the cells were observed by hematoxylin–eosin staining. The content of 5-HT was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Western blot and quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to detect 5-HT2A.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>XYS could significantly improve the stereotypic behavior of TS mice, and the improvement effect increased with the increase of dose, the improvement effect of XYS high dose was similar to that of Tia. After Tia or XYS high-dose treatment, the prefrontal cortex cells and neuronal structure of TS mice gradually normal, cells arranged neatly. The prefrontal cortex cells recovered generally after XYS low-dose and medium-dose treatments. 5-HT in the serum of mice in all treatment groups was higher than that in the DOI group, and 5-HT in serum of XYS high-dose group and Tia group was the highest. 5-HT2A receptor protein and mRNA in the prefrontal cortex of mice in all treatment groups showed a downward trend, and the decrease degree was the largest in the XYS high-dose group and Tia group.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>XYS has an improvement effect on TS in mice, and its mechanism is related to reducing 5-HT2A receptor expression, increasing 5-HT content, and enhancing 5-HT system activity. These results suggest that XYS is a therapeutic strategy for TS treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":18683,"journal":{"name":"Molecular & Cellular Toxicology","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140929768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase levels in patients with non-traumatic osteonecrosis of femoral head: a cross-sectional study","authors":"Wen-Xiu Zhu, Yong-Heng Zhao, Peng Zhang, Qing-He Ye, Biao-Fang Wei","doi":"10.1007/s13273-024-00453-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13273-024-00453-7","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objective</h3><p>The present study was aimed to analyze the serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD) among patients with non-traumatic (NT) osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Patients with NT-ONFH as well as healthy individuals were selected for this study. MDA and SOD levels in the serum were measured utilizing an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Besides, the severity of ONFH was evaluated radiographically utilizing the Ficat classification system. In addition, clinical severity was assessed based on the Harris hip score (HSS)/visual analogue scale (VAS).The clinical methodology for diagnostic use of MDA and SOD with regard to NT-ONFH was determined by decision tree method through R language.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>A total of 124 patients with NT-ONFH and 118 healthy individuals were included. NT-ONFH patients exhibited higher MDA levels but lower SOD levels in the serum when compared to healthy controls (HCs) with statistical significance. Among the Ficat stages, stage IV had notably higher MDA levels and lower SOD levels in the serum in contrast with stage III. Additionally, stage III showed increased serum MDA levels and decreased SOD levels in contrast with stage II. MDA levels in the serum in a positive relationship with the Ficat classification, while SOD levels were negatively related to it. Moreover, MDA levels in the serum were in a positive relationship with clinical severity, whereas SOD levels were negatively associated with it. Further analysis using ROC curves indicated that elevated serum MDA levels and reduced SOD levels may serve as favorable markers for assessing Ficat stage.Serum MDA &gt; 0.57 nmol/mL along with SOD ≤ 91.15 U/mL seems to be decent for diagnosis use of NT-ONFH.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Patients diagnosed with NT-ONFH displayed elevated MDA levels and reduced SOD levels in the serum, indicating the involvement of increased oxidative stress and declining antioxidant activity in the progression of this condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":18683,"journal":{"name":"Molecular & Cellular Toxicology","volume":"128 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140937507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cucurbitacin-I exhibits anticancer activity by inducing apoptosis in SKOV3 human ovarian cancer cells","authors":"Ji-Won Park, Seong Mi Kim, Soo Yeon Lee, Seung-Won Park, Jin-Kyung Kim","doi":"10.1007/s13273-024-00451-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13273-024-00451-9","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background</h3><p>Cucurbitacin-I is a natural cell-permeable triterpenoid compound isolated from Cucurbitaceae and Cruciferae. The pharmacological activity of cucurbitacin-I in human ovarian cancer has been rarely reported.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objective</h3><p>The purpose of this study was to investigate the anticancer effect of cucurbitacin-I in SKOV3 human ovarian cancer cells.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>SKOV3 cells were treated with different concentrations of cucurbitacin-I. Cell viability was then measured by CCK-8 assay. Apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential, and reactive oxygen species changed by cucurbitacin-I treatment in SKOV3 cells were measured using a Muse Cell Analyzer. Expression levels of various proteins were detected by Western blot analysis.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>A decrease in cell viability was observed in SKOV3 cells with cucurbitacin-I treatment. In addition, in SKOV3 cells treated with cucurbitacin-I, a significant increase in apoptosis, increased activity of various caspases, destruction of mitochondrial membrane potential, and generation of reactive oxygen species were observed compared to the control group. At the protein level, an increase in cleaved caspases and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was induced by cucurbitacin-I treatment in SKOV3 cells. Finally, the levels of phosphorylated human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT) and forkhead box O3a (FOXO3a) proteins were significantly reduced in cucurbitacin-I treated SKOV3 cells.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Our data demonstrate that cucurbitacin-I induces SKOV-3 cell death by inducing apoptosis via inhibition of HER2 phosphorylation and its downstream signaling molecules including PI3K, AKT and FOXO3a. This suggests a potential therapeutic role of cucurbitacin-I against ovarian cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":18683,"journal":{"name":"Molecular & Cellular Toxicology","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140884839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytotoxicity-reducing and anti-inflammatory effects of a natural herb mixture extract","authors":"Jun-Ho Ahn, Sang-Hyun Shin, Se-Myo Park, Mi-Sun Choi, Soojin Kim, Jung-Hwa Oh, Seokjoo Yoon, Eun-Jung Park, Hyoung-Yun Han","doi":"10.1007/s13273-024-00449-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13273-024-00449-3","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background</h3><p>Natural herb mixture extracts have been used in traditional medicine in many countries for several years and are currently widely used as alternative medicines, even in Western countries. These extracts have long been shown to be effective in alleviating and treating various diseases owing to the various components of herbal medicines. However, it is difficult to verify the efficacy of natural herb mixture extracts in clinical trials, which limits the development of new drugs.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objective</h3><p>This study was aimed at investigating the efficacy and safety of a natural herb mixture aqueous extract comprising <i>Polyporus umbellatus</i> (PUAE), <i>Polygala tenuifolia</i> (PTAE), and <i>Epimedium koreanum</i> (EKAE). Each of the herbs in this natural herb mixture extract is known to be cytotoxic and have mild anti-inflammatory activity when used singly. We compared the cytotoxicity of single of PUAE, PTAE and EKAE, and their mixture in RAW264.7 cells and then evaluated their possible anti-inflammatory effects.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The single extracts decreased the viability of RAW264.7 cells, whereas their mixture did not affect the viability even at the highest concentration (100 ug/mL). In addition, all the tested extracts inhibited NO production and the expression of the inflammation-related proteins (iNOS and COX-2) increased by LPS stimulation. However, the effect was remarkable in cells treated with the mixture compared with cells treated with the single extracts.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>The natural herb mixture extract comprising PUAE, PTAE and EKAE was confirmed to have a cytotoxicity-reducing effect and a synergistic anti-inflammatory effect compared with that of the individual herbal medicines that made up the natural herb mixture extract.</p>","PeriodicalId":18683,"journal":{"name":"Molecular & Cellular Toxicology","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140884746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High expression of Testin predicted worse prognosis in pancreatic adenocarcinoma associated with immune infiltration","authors":"Rui Chen, Zhengli Zhou, Qihua Dang, Changjing Zuo, Tao Wang","doi":"10.1007/s13273-024-00448-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13273-024-00448-4","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background</h3><p>Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is a malignant tumor with a very poor prognosis and lacks effective biomarkers. <i>Testin</i> (<i>TES</i>) has an altered expression in a variety of cancers, but its expression and role in PAAD remains elusive.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>To explore the prognosis and biological role of <i>TES</i> in PAAD.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>In this study, the expression of <i>TES</i> in tumor tissues and the adjacent normal pancreatic tissues of PAAD, and the relationship between <i>TES</i> expression and PAAD overall survival (OS), were determined using gene expression profiling interactive analysis (GEPIA), human protein atlas (HPA) and Ualcan database. The correlation between <i>TES</i> expression and immune infiltration was assessed using tumor immunity estimation resource (TIMER) database. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network of <i>TES</i> was constructed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) database. Tissue and blood samples from PAAD or healthy subjects were collected, and the expression of signature genes was analyzed using qRT–PCR.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Our results showed that <i>TES</i> overexpression occurred in PAAD, and predicted worse prognosis. <i>TES</i> expression was positively correlated with the levels of infiltrating B cells, CD8+ T cells, macrophages, neutrophils and dendritic cells. The top six hub genes <i>HSPB1, VASP, RAB2A, ENAH, ZPR1</i> and <i>THADA</i> that interact with <i>TES</i> were identified, and they all were overexpression in PAAD, but only <i>VASP</i> expression was negatively correlated with PAAD prognosis. In our samples, compared with the adjacent normal tissues, a higher expression of <i>TES</i> and <i>VASP</i> in PAAD tumor tissues was validated.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>The present study suggested that <i>TES</i> could function as a supporter and prognostic marker of PAAD, and it might work via inducing immune infiltration.</p>","PeriodicalId":18683,"journal":{"name":"Molecular & Cellular Toxicology","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140833501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}