MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report最新文献

{"title":"Detection of Increased Activity of Human Parvovirus B19 Using Commercial Laboratory Testing of Clinical Samples and Source Plasma Donor Pools - United States, 2024.","authors":"David Alfego, Alfonso C Hernandez-Romieu, Melissa Briggs-Hagen, Stephanie Dietz, Laura Gillim, Suzanne E Dale, Ajay Grover, Jeffrey Albrecht, Deborah Sesok-Pizzini, Marcia Eisenberg, Cria O Gregory, Brian Poirier","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7347a2","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7347a2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In most persons, human parvovirus B19 (B19) causes a mild respiratory illness, but infection can result in adverse health outcomes in persons who are pregnant, immunocompromised, or who have chronic hemolytic blood disorders. During the first quarter of 2024, several European countries reported increases in B19 activity. In the United States, there is no routine surveillance for B19. To assess increases in B19 activity in the United States, trends in testing and results from two independent populations were examined: 1) the presence of immunoglobulin (Ig) M antibodies, a marker of recent infection, in clinical specimens ordered by physicians and 2) B19 nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT) in pooled donor source plasma from a large commercial laboratory during 2018-2024. The proportion of IgM-positive clinical specimens reached 9.9% in the second quarter (Q2) of 2024 after remaining <1.5% during 2020-2023 and was higher than Q2 peaks in 2018 (3.8%, p<0.001) and 2019 (5.1%, p<0.001). The prevalence of B19-NAAT-positive donor pools (512 donations per pool) reached 20% in June 2024 after remaining <2% during 2020-2023 and was higher than peaks in 2018 (6.7%, p<0.001) and 2019 (7.3%, p<0.001). Considering the B19 activity increase in the United States in 2024, promotion of measures to prevent respiratory viruses and monitor for adverse B19-related outcomes by health care providers and public health authorities might reduce adverse health outcomes in pregnant persons and others at increased risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 47","pages":"1076-1081"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11602021/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142739488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Notes from the Field: Human Parvovirus B19 Infections Among Pregnant Persons - Minnesota, January-September 2024.","authors":"Stephen Contag, Elizabeth M Dufort, Sarah Lim, Tyler Winkelman, Jennifer Zipprich, Lindsey Erickson, Mel Anacker, Nayanjot Kaur Rai, Kristen Ojo, Danielle Kvasager, Henry D Kunerth, R Adams Dudley, Pamala Gahr, Kelly R Bergmann, Alanna M Chamberlain, Summer Martins, Stephen Waring, Bjorn Westgard, Kristin Sweet, Paul Drawz, Ruth Lynfield","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7347a4","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7347a4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 47","pages":"1087-1089"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11602020/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142739494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe and Fatal Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever After Exposure in Tecate, Mexico - California, July 2023-January 2024.","authors":"Anne M Kjemtrup, Jill K Hacker, Madeleine Monroe, Vicki Williams, Charles Lines, Karla Lopez, Christopher D Paddock, Ann Carpenter, Johanna S Salzer, Julian A Villalba, Julu Bhatnagar, Seema Shah, Esmeralda Iniguez-Stevens, Theodore C Efthemeou, Vannia Hernandez, Duc J Vugia, Vicki L Kramer","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7347a1","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7347a1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is a tickborne disease endemic in areas of the Americas. Persistent high incidence of the disease exists in northern Mexico, perpetuated by local populations of brown dog ticks (Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato) and free-roaming dogs. Six cases of RMSF caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, including three deaths, were reported to the California Department of Public Health during July 2023-January 2024. All six patients were eventually determined to have had exposure to R. rickettsii in Tecate, Mexico, a municipality on the U.S. border that had not been previously described as a high-risk RMSF area. Identification and reporting of the cases were complicated by challenges in diagnosis. The serious nature of the disease and delays in initiating appropriate treatment can result in life-threatening consequences. Epidemiologic collaborations among local, state, federal, and international public health agencies were essential to identifying Tecate as the location of exposure. Further collaborations will be important for directing future prevention measures. Increased health care provider awareness of RMSF is critical on both sides of the border to facilitate earlier diagnosis and initiation of appropriate treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 47","pages":"1069-1075"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11602018/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142739619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Notes from the Field: Increase in Diagnoses of Human Parvovirus B19-Associated Aplastic Crises in Children and Adolescents with Sickle Cell Disease - Atlanta, Georgia, December 14, 2023-September 30, 2024.","authors":"Marianne E M Yee, Grace G Kalmus, Ashwin P Patel, Jason N Payne, Amy Tang, Beatrice E Gee","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7347a5","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7347a5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 47","pages":"1090-1091"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11602019/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142739498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"QuickStats: Age-Adjusted Percentage* of Adults Aged ≥18 Years with Diagnosed Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease,^† by Urbanization Level - United States, 2023.","authors":"","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7346a5","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7346a5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 46","pages":"1067"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11581204/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142687376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coverage with Influenza, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, and COVID-19 Vaccines Among Nursing Home Residents - National Healthcare Safety Network, United States, November 2024.","authors":"Hannah E Reses, George Segovia, Heather Dubendris, Kira Barbre, Sushmitha Ananth, Brynn Lape-Newman, Emily Wong, Molly Stillions, Theresa Rowe, Elizabeth Mothershed, Erika Wallender, Evelyn Twentyman, Ryan E Wiegand, Pragna Patel, Andrea Benin, Jeneita M Bell","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7346a2","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7346a2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nursing home residents are at elevated risk for severe complications from respiratory viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, influenza, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Nursing homes are required to report COVID-19 vaccination coverage and can voluntarily report influenza and RSV vaccination coverage among residents to CDC's National Healthcare Safety Network. The purpose of this study was to assess COVID-19, influenza, and RSV vaccination coverage among nursing home residents early in the 2024-25 respiratory virus season. As of November 10, 2024, 29.7% of nursing home residents had received a 2024-2025 COVID-19 vaccine. Among residents at facilities that elected to report vaccination against influenza (59.4% of facilities) and RSV (51.8% of facilities), 58.4% had received influenza vaccination, and 17.9% had received RSV vaccination. Vaccination coverage varied by U.S. Department of Health and Human Services region, social vulnerability index level, and facility size. Addressing low coverage with COVID-19, influenza, and RSV vaccines is a priority to protect residents who are susceptible to severe outcomes associated with respiratory illnesses.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 46","pages":"1052-1057"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11581205/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142687363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Notes from the Field: Trends in Emergency Department Visits for Firearm Injuries - United States, January 2018-December 2023.","authors":"Kristin M Holland, Yushiuan Chen, Marissa L Zwald, Steven A Sumner, Katherine A Fowler, Michael Sheppard, Thomas R Simon","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7346a4","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7346a4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 46","pages":"1064-1066"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11581202/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142687373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influenza, COVID-19, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccination Coverage Among Adults - United States, Fall 2024.","authors":"Jennifer L Kriss, Carla L Black, Hilda Razzaghi, Mehreen Meghani, Ashley Tippins, Tammy A Santibanez, Shannon Stokley, Kevin Chatham-Stephens, Nicole F Dowling, Georgina Peacock, James A Singleton","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7346a1","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7346a1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommends annual influenza and COVID-19 vaccination for all persons aged ≥6 months, including adults aged ≥18 years. ACIP also recommends a single lifetime dose of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine for adults aged ≥75 years and for those aged 60-74 years who are at increased risk for severe RSV disease. Data from the National Immunization Survey-Adult COVID Module, a random-digit-dialed cellular telephone survey of U.S. adults aged ≥18 years, are used to monitor influenza, COVID-19, and RSV vaccination coverage. By the week ending November 9, 2024, an estimated 34.7% of adults aged ≥18 years reported having received an influenza vaccine, and 17.9% reported having received a COVID-19 vaccine for the 2024-25 respiratory virus season; 39.7% of adults aged ≥75 years, and 31.6% of adults aged 60-74 years at increased risk for severe RSV, had ever received an RSV vaccine. Coverage varied by jurisdiction and demographic characteristics and was lowest among younger adults and those without health insurance. Although early season estimates indicate that many adults are unprotected from respiratory virus infections, many appeared open to vaccination: overall, approximately 35% and 41% of adults aged ≥18 years reported that they definitely or probably will receive or were unsure about receiving influenza and COVID-19 vaccines, respectively, and 40% of adults aged ≥75 years reported that they definitely or probably will receive or were unsure about receiving RSV vaccine. Health care providers and immunization programs still have time to expand outreach activities and promote vaccination to increase coverage in preparation for the height of the respiratory virus season. Using these data can help health care providers and immunization programs identify undervaccinated populations and understand vaccination patterns to guide planning, implementation, and evaluation of vaccination activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 46","pages":"1044-1051"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11581203/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142687369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of Real-Time Changes in Direction of COVID-19 Transmission Using National- and State-Level Epidemic Trends Based on R_t Estimates - United States Overall and New Mexico, April-October 2024.","authors":"Danielle M Richard, Zachary Susswein, Sarah Connolly, Adán Myers Y Gutiérrez, Roselyn Thalathara, Kelly Carey, Emily H Koumans, Diba Khan, Nina B Masters, Nathan McIntosh, Patrick Corbett, Isaac Ghinai, Rebecca Kahn, Adrienne Keen, Juliet Pulliam, Daniel Sosin, Katelyn Gostic","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7346a3","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7346a3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Public health practitioners rely on timely surveillance data for planning and decision-making; however, surveillance data are often subject to delays. Epidemic trend categories, based on time-varying effective reproductive number (R_t) estimates that use nowcasting methods, can mitigate reporting lags in surveillance data and detect changes in community transmission before reporting is completed. CDC analyzed the performance of epidemic trend categories for COVID-19 during summer 2024 in the United States and at the state level in New Mexico. COVID-19 epidemic trend categories were estimated and released in real time based on preliminary data, then retrospectively compared with final emergency department (ED) visit data to determine their ability to detect or confirm real-time changes in subsequent ED visits. Across the United States and in New Mexico, epidemic trend categories were an early indicator of increases in COVID-19 community transmission, signifying increases in COVID-19 community transmission in May, and a confirmatory indicator that decreasing COVID-19 ED visits reflected actual decreases in COVID-19 community transmission in September, rather than incomplete reporting. Public health decision-makers can use epidemic trend categories, in combination with other surveillance indicators, to understand whether COVID-19 community transmission and subsequent ED visits are increasing, decreasing, or not changing; this information can guide communications decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 46","pages":"1058-1063"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11581206/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142687366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Underutilization of Influenza Antiviral Treatment Among Children and Adolescents at Higher Risk for Influenza-Associated Complications - United States, 2023-2024.","authors":"Aaron M Frutos, Haris M Ahmad, Dawud Ujamaa, Alissa C O'Halloran, Janet A Englund, Eileen J Klein, Danielle M Zerr, Melanie Crossland, Holly Staten, Julie A Boom, Leila C Sahni, Natasha B Halasa, Laura S Stewart, Olla Hamdan, Tess Stopczynski, William Schaffner, H Keipp Talbot, Marian G Michaels, John V Williams, Melissa Sutton, M Andraya Hendrick, Mary A Staat, Elizabeth P Schlaudecker, Brenda L Tesini, Christina B Felsen, Geoffrey A Weinberg, Peter G Szilagyi, Bridget J Anderson, Jemma V Rowlands, Murtada Khalifa, Marc Martinez, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Jennifer E Schuster, Ruth Lynfield, Melissa McMahon, Sue Kim, Val Tellez Nunez, Patricia A Ryan, Maya L Monroe, Yun F Wang, Kyle P Openo, James Meek, Kimberly Yousey-Hindes, Nisha B Alden, Isaac Armistead, Suchitra Rao, Shua J Chai, Pam Daily Kirley, Ariana P Toepfer, Fatimah S Dawood, Heidi L Moline, Timothy M Uyeki, Sascha Ellington, Shikha Garg, Catherine H Bozio, Samantha M Olson","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7345a2","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7345a2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Annually, tens of thousands of U.S. children and adolescents are hospitalized with seasonal influenza virus infection. Both influenza vaccination and early initiation of antiviral treatment can reduce complications of influenza. Using data from two U.S. influenza surveillance networks for children and adolescents aged <18 years with medically attended, laboratory-confirmed influenza for whom antiviral treatment is recommended, the percentage who received treatment was calculated. Trends in antiviral treatment of children and adolescents hospitalized with influenza from the 2017-18 to the 2023-2024 influenza seasons were also examined. Since 2017-18, when 70%-86% of hospitalized children and adolescents with influenza received antiviral treatment, the proportion receiving treatment notably declined. Among children and adolescents with influenza during the 2023-24 season, 52%-59% of those hospitalized received antiviral treatment. During the 2023-24 season, 31% of those at higher risk for influenza complications seen in the outpatient setting in one network were prescribed antiviral treatment. These findings demonstrate that influenza antiviral treatment is underutilized among children and adolescents who could benefit from treatment. All hospitalized children and adolescents, and those at higher risk for influenza complications in the outpatient setting, should receive antiviral treatment as soon as possible for suspected or confirmed influenza.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 45","pages":"1022-1029"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11576051/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142623972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}