MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report最新文献

{"title":"Missed Opportunities for Congenital Syphilis Prevention - Clark County, Nevada, 2017-2022.","authors":"Jessica A Penney, Angel Stachnik, Cheryl Radeloff, Tabby Eddleman, Heidi Laird, Ying Zhang, Cassius Lockett","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7420a3","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7420a3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 2022, Nevada ranked eighth in the United States in incidence of congenital syphilis, a disease that can lead to stillbirth, miscarriage, or neonatal death. Appropriate and timely screening of pregnant females for syphilis and treatment, when indicated, are crucial for preventing congenital syphilis. Southern Nevada Health District (Clark County) disease surveillance data for 2017-2022 were reviewed to identify females of reproductive age (aged 15-44 years) with confirmed or probable syphilis who had a liveborn or stillborn infant with congenital syphilis and to assess their receipt of prenatal care, syphilis testing and, when indicated, syphilis treatment. Clark County emergency department (ED) visit data were reviewed for these females to explore whether ED visits might represent an opportunity to screen pregnant females for syphilis. Among 195 females identified, 43.1% (84) reported receiving prenatal care during pregnancy. Over one half (57.4%) of the females had at least one ED encounter ≥30 days before delivery and had not yet received testing for syphilis at the time of the encounter; syphilis testing was performed at 68.4% of these encounters. Lack of prenatal care was a considerable barrier to timely testing and treatment in Clark County, Nevada. Encounters in nontraditional care settings, including but not limited to EDs, could provide an opportunity for syphilis screening of pregnant females who do not access prenatal care. If linked to timely treatment, such encounters might help prevent congenital syphilis.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"74 20","pages":"350-354"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12140185/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Field Testing and Validation of a New Question Set to Measure Housing Status - Fulton County, Georgia, August-September 2023.","authors":"Anna Bratcher, Caroline J Waddell, Christine M Kava, Hassan Zadeh, Joshua O'Neal, Corinne David-Ferdon, Emily Mosites, Kristie E N Clarke","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7420a2","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7420a2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although data on housing status can guide health promotion and effective public health response, a validated question set to measure housing status is not available. In June 2023, the Fulton County Board of Health (FCBOH) requested CDC technical assistance to field test a housing status question set for public health case interviews and surveillance. The question set can be asked of any relevant period to determine both homelessness status and residence in a congregate setting. Field testing was performed at food pantries and FCBOH tuberculosis, vaccination, and sexual health clinics in Fulton County, Georgia, during August 2-September 1, 2023. Among 481 respondents who were asked about their living situation during the previous 2 weeks, 139 (28.9%) reported experiencing homelessness and 75 (15.6%) reported living in congregate settings. Twenty-six of these 481 respondents were identified in a local housing database (the Homeless Management Information System [HMIS]); for 24 of these 26 respondents (92%), the housing status recorded in HMIS matched that determined by the question set. The question set would benefit from validation in additional settings and could help health agencies improve housing data accuracy and consistency, optimizing measures to assist persons at higher risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"74 20","pages":"345-349"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12140183/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Notes from the Field: Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis Associated with Nasal Irrigation Using Water from a Recreational Vehicle - Texas, 2024.","authors":"Olivia A Smith, Whitney Tillman, Jantel B Lewis, Stephen White, Mia Mattioli, Julia Haston, Megan Dorris, Amy Kahler, Alexis Roundtree, Ibne Karim Ali, Shantanu Roy, Taylor Yakubik, Lauren Sisco, Jasen Kunz","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7419a4","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7419a4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"74 19","pages":"334-335"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12121732/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144181493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Update on the Epidemiology of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus - Worldwide, 2017-2023.","authors":"Anastasia S Lambrou, Erin South, Claire M Midgley, Chelsea Harrington, Lijuan Wang, Caelin Cubeñas, David Lowe, Glen R Abedi, Cassandra Jones, Laura J Hughes, Amber Winn, Melanie Wilkinson, Volha Katebi, Beth Schweitzer, Maria Van Kerkhove, Sophie von Dobschuetz, Leslie Edwards, Aron J Hall, Cria O Gregory, Hannah L Kirking","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7419a1","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7419a1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a zoonotic virus transmitted sporadically from camels to humans. Most reported human Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) cases have occurred in or near the Arabian Peninsula. Limited human-to-human transmission can occur after close contact and has resulted in health care-associated outbreaks. Global reported MERS cases, U.S. testing data, and data on incoming U.S. travelers originating in and near the Arabian Peninsula during 2017-2023 were analyzed to guide U.S. MERS preparedness. Global MERS cases reported to the World Health Organization declined during the COVID-19 pandemic and remain substantially lower than during years preceding the pandemic. U.S. MERS-CoV testing numbers also declined and remain low relative to the prepandemic period. Although the number of travelers coming to the United States from in or near the Arabian Peninsula declined during the pandemic, incoming traveler volume returned to prepandemic levels. Further investigations are needed to determine whether the decline in global MERS cases reflects a true decrease in the number of infections, underascertainment of cases, or a combination. U.S. MERS persons under investigation criteria, standard clinical and epidemiologic characteristics used to guide who in the U.S. is tested for MERS-CoV, were updated in 2024 and can be used to guide clinicians and jurisdictional public health partners when considering MERS-CoV testing. Continued and targeted MERS-CoV material surveillance is important to maintaining preparedness and promptly responding to potential MERS cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"74 19","pages":"313-320"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12121730/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144181690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nursing Pillows in the Sleep Environment and Sudden Unexpected Infant Deaths - Georgia, January 2013-December 2022.","authors":"Bridget K Hamilton, Terri Miller, Robin Dawson","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7419a2","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7419a2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A sudden unexpected infant death (SUID) is defined as the sudden and unexpected death of an infant (a child aged <1 year) whose cause of death was not obvious before investigation. Pillows used to support infants during feeding, often referred to as nursing pillows, have been identified as a potential hazard in sleep spaces for infants. Georgia county-level Child Death Review (CDR) data from the Pediatric National Fatality Review Case Reporting System were analyzed to ascertain whether nursing pillows were found in the sleep space of infants who died of SUID. Among 1,685 SUID cases in Georgia during 2013-2022, a nursing pillow was found in the sleep space of 84 (5%) infants. Among these, 86% of infants who died with a nursing pillow present were aged <4 months, 40% were aged <2 months, and 55% were Black or African American. A total of 56% of the deaths occurred in an adult bed, and all but one (99%) occurred in association with bed sharing. Among the 84 deaths, the nursing pillow was found under the infant in 58 (69.1%) cases, next to the infant in 14 (16.7%) cases, on top of the infant in two (2.4%) cases, and tangled around the infant in one (1.2%) case. This analysis indicates that nursing pillows are being used in ways other than their intended use as an aid in feeding. Since April 2025, newly manufactured nursing pillows must have labels indicating the potential risk associated with using them in infants' sleep spaces; however, many nursing pillows in use or still on the market lack such labeling. Warning consumers of risks associated with using nursing pillows in infant sleep environments, in addition to continued education and outreach about safe infant sleep, could help reduce SUIDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"74 19","pages":"321-325"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12121731/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144181130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic Hardship and Health Within Sociodemographic and Occupational Groups - Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, United States, 2022-2023.","authors":"Sharon R Silver, Jia Li, Taylor M Shockey","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7419a3","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7419a3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Economic hardship can limit the ability of workers to prevent and address adverse health conditions. Using 2022 and 2023 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data, this exploratory analysis assessed economic hardship measures and self-rated health among currently employed and recently unemployed (<12 months) U.S. adults. Measures of economic hardship were 1) employment instability, 2) food insecurity, 3) housing insecurity, 4) utility insecurity, 5) lack of reliable transportation, 6) receipt of food stamps or Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program benefits, 7) lack sof health insurance, and 8) cost as a barrier to needed medical care. Overall, 6.9% of currently or recently employed U.S. adults in 36 states and the U.S. Virgin Islands had high levels of economic hardship (reporting at least four of eight economic hardship indicators), and 12.5% reported having fair or poor health. High levels of economic hardship were more common among persons who were recently unemployed, were aged 18-49 years, were female, were Hispanic or Latino (Hispanic) or non-Hispanic Black or African American, had a high school education or less, or had a household income <$50,000 per year than among all workers combined. Fair or poor self-rated health was most common among workers who were Hispanic or were from lower educational attainment and income categories. By occupational group, the prevalence of high levels of economic hardship was highest in farming, fishing, and forestry (18.5%); building and grounds cleaning and maintenance (18.2%); and food preparation and serving (16.0%) and was lowest in the legal occupations (1.2%). Among occupational groups, the prevalence of fair or poor health generally increased with the prevalence of high economic hardship, and almost every occupational group with a high level of economic hardship had a statistically significantly elevated prevalence of fair or poor health compared with that among all workers combined. Given associations between unmet economic needs and health, these findings can be used by policymakers to identify groups of workers with disproportionate economic hardships and develop strategies to enhance economic security and health for all workers.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"74 19","pages":"326-333"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12121729/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144180024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: Vol. 74, No. 15.","authors":"","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7417a3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7417a3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"74 17","pages":"296"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12080729/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144078998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: Vol. 74, No. 12.","authors":"","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7414a5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7414a5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"74 14","pages":"256"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12021072/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144002499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: Vol. 74, No. 11.","authors":"","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7413a4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7413a4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"74 13","pages":"230"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12005481/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144028302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of Symptomatic Human Metapneumovirus Infection in the CASCADIA Community-Based Cohort - Oregon and Washington, 2022-2024.","authors":"Mila Shakya, Helen Y Chu, Janet A Englund, Melissa Briggs-Hagen, Marco Carone, Jennifer L Kuntz, Tina Lockwood, Claire M Midgley, Mark A Schmidt, Lea Starita, Ana A Weil, Ryan E Wiegand, Allison L Naleway, Ian D Plumb","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7411a2","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7411a2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is an important cause of respiratory illness. However, information about hMPV incidence, patient characteristics, and symptoms outside hospital settings is limited. During June 2022-March 2024, participants aged 6 months-49 years who were enrolled in the CASCADIA community-based cohort study submitted weekly illness surveys and nasal swabs, and completed follow-up illness surveys. Swabs collected 0-3 days before reporting new or worsening symptoms were tested for hMPV and other respiratory viruses by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Incidence was analyzed using an exponential survival model. Among 3,549 participants, 306 had symptomatic hMPV infection, representing an average of 7.5 cases per 100 persons per year (95% CI = 6.7-8.4). Incidence was highest during January-March (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 4.3; 95% CI = 3.0-6.0) compared with October-December, and among those aged 2-4 years (aHR = 5.8; 95% CI = 3.8-9.0) compared with those aged ≥40 years. The most frequently reported symptoms were cough (80.4%) and nasal congestion (71.9%). Among 252 (82.4%) participants who completed a post-illness follow-up survey, 68 (27.0%) missed work, school, or child care facility attendance. Together, these findings indicate that hMPV is a common cause of respiratory illness during late winter to spring, particularly among young children, and frequently disrupts daily activities. Understanding hMPV epidemiology can guide surveillance definitions, clinical testing, and prioritization of prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"74 11","pages":"188-193"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11970721/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143780532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}