MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report最新文献

{"title":"Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza Hospitalizations During Pregnancy or the Early Postpartum Period - Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China, 2018-2023.","authors":"Jinghui Sun, Yuanyuan Zhang, Suizan Zhou, Ying Song, Suping Zhang, Jie Zhu, Zhiyuan Zhu, Rui Wang, Hong Chen, Liling Chen, Haibing Yang, Jun Zhang, Eduardo Azziz-Baumgartner, W William Schluter","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7343a1","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7343a1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pregnancy is associated with increased risk for severe illness and complications associated with influenza infection. Insufficient knowledge about the risk for influenza among pregnant women and their health care providers in China is an important barrier to increasing influenza vaccination coverage and treating influenza and its complications among pregnant women. Improved influenza incidence estimates might promote wider vaccine acceptance and higher vaccination coverage. In Suzhou, active population-based surveillance during October 2018-September 2023 estimated that the annual rate of hospitalization for acute respiratory or febrile illness (ARFI) among women who were pregnant or <2 weeks postpartum was 11.1 per 1,000 live births; the annual rate of laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated ARFI (influenza ARFI) hospitalization in this group was 2.1 per 1,000 live births. A majority of hospitalized pregnant or early postpartum patients with ARFI (82.6%; 2,588 of 3,133) or influenza ARFI (85.5%; 423 of 495) were admitted to obstetrics wards rather than respiratory medicine wards. Only one (0.03%) pregnant or postpartum ARFI patient had received influenza vaccination, and 31.3% of pregnant or postpartum women hospitalized for influenza ARFI received antiviral treatment; the lowest percentage of hospitalized women with influenza ARFI who received antiviral treatment was among women admitted to obstetrics and gynecology wards (29.6% and 23.1%, respectively), compared with 54.1% of those admitted to a respiratory medicine ward. These findings highlight the risk for influenza and its associated complications among pregnant and postpartum women, the low rates of influenza vaccination among pregnant women, and of antiviral treatment of women with ARFI admitted to obstetrics and gynecology wards. Increasing awareness of the prevalence of influenza ARFI among pregnant women, the use of empiric antiviral treatment for ARFI, and the infection control in obstetrics wards during influenza seasons might help reduce influenza-associated morbidity among pregnant and postpartum women.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 43","pages":"958-964"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11527363/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142558216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"QuickStats: Percentage* of Adults Aged ≥18 Years Who Were in Families Having Problems Paying Medical Bills in the Past 12 Months,^† by Disability Status^§ and Age Group - United States, 2023.","authors":"","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7343a6","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7343a6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 43","pages":"989"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11527364/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142558218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Notes from the Field: Trichophyton mentagrophytes Genotype VII - New York City, April-July 2024.","authors":"Jason Zucker, Avrom S Caplan, Shauna H Gunaratne, Stephanie M Gallitano, John G Zampella, Caitlin Otto, Rachel Sally, Sudha Chaturvedi, Brittany O'Brien, Gabrielle C Todd, Priyanka Anand, Laura A S Quilter, Dallas J Smith, Tom Chiller, Shawn R Lockhart, Meghan Lyman, Preeti Pathela, Jeremy A W Gold","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7343a5","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7343a5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 43","pages":"985-988"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11527365/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142558217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Routine Vaccination Coverage - Worldwide, 2023.","authors":"Camille E Jones, M Carolina Danovaro-Holliday, George Mwinnyaa, Marta Gacic-Dobo, Lauren Francis, Jan Grevendonk, Yoann Nedelec, Aaron Wallace, Samir V Sodha, Ciara Sugerman","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7343a4","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7343a4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 2020, the World Health Assembly endorsed the Immunization Agenda 2030 (IA2030), a 10-year strategy to reduce vaccine-preventable disease (VPD)-associated morbidity and mortality. IA2030 goals include improving equitable vaccination coverage, halving the number of unimmunized (zero-dose) children, and increasing the introduction of new and underutilized vaccines. The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted health systems worldwide, hindering years of childhood vaccination achievements and putting global public health goals at risk. This report presents trends in World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF routine vaccination coverage estimates through 2023 across the 194 WHO member countries. During 2022-2023, global coverage with the first and third doses of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis-containing vaccine (DTPcv) (89% and 84%, respectively) and the first dose of measles-containing vaccine (83%) stagnated and remained lower than prepandemic levels. The 31 WHO member countries with fragile, conflict-affected, and vulnerable (FCV) settings include approximately one half of the world's 14.5 million children who did not receive the first DTPcv dose. The introduction of new and underutilized vaccines, such as a second MCV dose in the African Region, has improved countries' overall protection against VPDs. Accelerating country-specific routine immunization and catch-up vaccination programs to reach unvaccinated and incompletely vaccinated children, especially those living in FCV settings, is critical to reducing morbidity and mortality associated with VPDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 43","pages":"978-984"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11527360/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142558219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statewide Outbreak of Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup Y, Sequence Type 1466 - Virginia, 2022-2024.","authors":"Meredith Robinson, Jenny Crain, Brittany Kendall, Victoria Alexander, Elena Diskin, Dawn Saady, Corryn Hicks, Angela Myrick-West, Paige Bordwine, Denise Sockwell, Emily Craig, Amy Rubis, Lucy McNamara, Shalabh Sharma, Rebecca Howie, Daya Marasini, Henju Marjuki, Ana Colón","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7343a3","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7343a3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is a severe illness that can have devastating effects; outbreaks are uncommon in the United States. Vaccination is the preferred control measure for IMD outbreaks when a defined population at risk (e.g., college students or persons experiencing homelessness) can be identified. In August 2022, the Virginia Department of Health (VDH) began investigating an IMD outbreak in Virginia's Eastern Health Planning Region, prompted by the detection of four confirmed cases within 8 weeks. Clinical isolates available from three cases were characterized as Neisseria meningitidis serogroup Y, sequence type 1466. A subsequent statewide investigation identified 36 genetically related cases, including seven deaths (case fatality rate = 19.4%) as of March 1, 2024. A majority of patients (63.9%) were in an age group (30-60 years) not generally considered at increased risk for IMD; 78.0% were non-Hispanic Black or African American. No common exposures, affiliations, or risk factors were identified, and a defined population could not be identified for vaccination. VDH recommended quadrivalent (serogroups A, C, W, and Y) meningococcal conjugate vaccination of a subset of close contacts of patients based on IMD risk factors and age range similar to that of patients with identified cases. IMD outbreaks might affect populations without established IMD risk factors. Lack of a well-defined population at risk might prompt exploration of novel control strategies, such as selective vaccination of close contacts.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 43","pages":"973-977"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11527361/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142558220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Update on Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus Outbreaks - Worldwide, January 2023-June 2024.","authors":"Apophia Namageyo-Funa, Sharon A Greene, Elizabeth Henderson, Mohamed A Traoré, Shahzad Shaukat, John Paul Bigouette, Jaume Jorba, Eric Wiesen, Omotayo Bolu, Ousmane M Diop, Cara C Burns, Steven G F Wassilak","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7341a1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7341a1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPVs) can emerge and lead to outbreaks of paralytic polio as well as asymptomatic transmission in communities with a high percentage of undervaccinated children. Using data from the World Health Organization Polio Information System and Global Polio Laboratory Network, this report describes global polio outbreaks due to cVDPVs during January 2023-June 2024 and updates previous reports. During the reporting period, 74 cVDPV outbreaks were detected in 39 countries or areas (countries), predominantly in Africa. Among these 74 cVDPV outbreaks, 47 (64%) were new outbreaks, detected in 30 (77%) of the 39 countries. Three countries reported cVDPV type 1 (cVDPV1) outbreaks and 38 countries reported cVDPV type 2 (cVDPV2) outbreaks; two of these countries reported cocirculating cVDPV1 and cVDPV2. In the 38 countries with cVDPV2 transmission, 70 distinct outbreaks were reported. In 15 countries, cVDPV transmission has lasted >1 year into 2024. In Nigeria and Somalia, both countries with security-compromised areas, persistent cVDPV2 transmission has spread to neighboring countries. Delayed implementation of outbreak response campaigns and low-quality campaigns have resulted in further international spread. Countries can control cVDPV outbreaks with timely allocation of resources to implement prompt, high-quality responses after outbreak confirmation. Stopping all cVDPV transmission requires effectively increasing population immunity by overcoming barriers to reaching children.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 41","pages":"909-916"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11486351/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142469920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of Clade II Mpox Associated with Intimate and Nonintimate Close Contact Among Men Who Have Sex with Men and Transgender Adults - United States, August 2022-July 2023.","authors":"Anna N Chard, Alexandra F Dalton, Alpha Oumar Diallo, Danielle L Moulia, Nicholas P Deputy, Italo B Zecca, Laura A S Quilter, Rachel E Kachur, Andrea M McCollum, Jemma V Rowlands, Amber N Britton, Rebecca Fisher, Shua J Chai, Erin Licherdell, William L Still, Adeline L Morris, Jessica L Castilho, Tiffanie M Markus, Allison S Morrow, Phoebe Danza, AmberJean P Hansen, Sophia Ibrahim Ali, Christopher W Wegner, Robyn Weber, Gabriela S Betancourt, Jennifer Zipprich, Melissa Sutton, Preeti Pathela, Sam Hawkins, Karen A Wendel, Leora R Feldstein","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7340a2","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7340a2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A global outbreak of clade II mpox associated with sexual contact, disproportionately affecting gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM), has been ongoing since May 2022. Information on types of contact most associated with transmission is limited. This report used data from a multijurisdictional vaccine effectiveness case-control study of sexually active persons aged 18-49 years who identified as MSM or transgender, collected during August 2022-July 2023. Odds of mpox associated with selected types of intimate and nonintimate close contact with a person with mpox were estimated. Among 457 case-patients and 1,030 control patients who met minimum data requirements, 150 (32.8%) case-patients and 57 (5.5%) control patients reported close contact with a person with mpox and were included in this analysis. Adjusted odds of mpox were 5.4 times as high among those who reported having condomless receptive anal sex with a person with mpox, compared with participants who reported close contact with a person with mpox and no condomless receptive anal sex with that person (OR = 5.4; p = 0.031). Although the mpox vaccine is highly effective, vaccination coverage remains low; a multifaceted approach to prevention remains important and should include vaccination promotion, safer sex practices, and increasing awareness that mpox continues to circulate.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 40","pages":"896-902"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11466375/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142400620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Notes from the Field: Mpox Cluster Caused by Tecovirimat-Resistant Monkeypox Virus - Five States, October 2023-February 2024.","authors":"Crystal M Gigante, Jade Takakuwa, Daisy McGrath, Chantal Kling, Todd G Smith, Mengfei Peng, Kimberly Wilkins, Jacob M Garrigues, Taylor Holly, Hannah Barbian, Alyse Kittner, Danielle Haydel, Emma Ortega, Gillian Richardson, Julie Hand, Jill K Hacker, Alex Espinosa, Monica Haw, Chantha Kath, Meilan Bielby, Kirstin Short, Kimberly Johnson, Nelson De La Cruz, Whitni Davidson, Christine Hughes, Nicole M Green, Nicolle Baird, Agam K Rao, Christina L Hutson","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7340a3","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7340a3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The antiviral drug tecovirimat* has been used extensively to treat U.S. mpox cases since the start of a global outbreak in 2022. Mutations in the mpox viral protein target (F13 or VP37) that occur during treatment can result in resistance to tecovirimat^† (1,2). CDC and public health partners have conducted genetic surveillance of monkeypox virus (MPXV) for F13 mutations through sequencing and monitoring of public databases. MPXV F13 mutations associated with resistance have been reported since 2022, typically among severely immunocompromised mpox patients who required prolonged courses of tecovirimat (3-5). A majority of patients with infections caused by MPXV with resistant mutations had a history of tecovirimat treatment; however, spread of tecovirimat-resistant MPXV was reported in California during late 2022 to early 2023 among persons with no previous tecovirimat treatment (3). This report describes a second, unrelated cluster of tecovirimat-resistant MPXV among 18 persons with no previous history of tecovirimat treatment in multiple states.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 40","pages":"903-905"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11466377/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142400618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Notes from the Field: Suspected Outbreak of Trichinellosis Associated with Undercooked Bear Meat - North Carolina, November 2023.","authors":"Camden D Gowler, Nicole Lee, Tammra Morrison, Vivian Mears, Carl Williams, Aaron Fleischauer, Erica Wilson","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7340a4","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7340a4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 40","pages":"906-907"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11466378/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142400619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Diagnosis, Treatment, and Telehealth Use in Adults - National Center for Health Statistics Rapid Surveys System, United States, October-November 2023.","authors":"Brooke S Staley, Lara R Robinson, Angelika H Claussen, Samuel M Katz, Melissa L Danielson, April D Summers, Sherry L Farr, Stephen J Blumberg, Sarah C Tinker","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7340a1","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7340a1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that develops during childhood and can last into adulthood. Data from the National Center for Health Statistics Rapid Surveys System collected during October-November 2023 were used to estimate the prevalence of ADHD diagnosis and treatment among U.S. adults. In 2023, an estimated 15.5 million U.S. adults (6.0%) had a current ADHD diagnosis based on self-report; approximately one half received the diagnosis at age ≥18 years. Approximately one third of adults with ADHD took a stimulant medication to treat their ADHD in the previous year, 71.5% of whom had difficulty getting their ADHD prescription filled because it was unavailable. Approximately one half of adults with ADHD have ever used telehealth for ADHD-related services. Telehealth might have benefits for persons with ADHD, including helping them access behavioral treatment or medication prescriptions for ADHD. This report provides national estimates of the prevalence and treatment of ADHD among U.S. adults to help guide clinical care and regulatory decision-making for ADHD among U.S. adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 40","pages":"890-895"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11466376/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142400617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}