Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Small Molecule Influenza Virus Fusion Inhibitors Targeting Viral Hemagglutinin: Chemical Insights and Antiviral Evaluation.","authors":"Gözde Çınar, Mahmut Can Tekin, Gökçe Cihan Üstündağ","doi":"10.2174/0113895575401074250923075239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113895575401074250923075239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Influenza viruses are major human pathogens that cause widespread respiratory infections, affecting millions of people globally and contributing to significant morbidity and mortality. Several currently available anti-influenza drugs are facing increasing levels of viral resistance. Therefore, the discovery of therapeutics targeting novel mechanisms of action is becoming increasingly important. A key viral protein involved in the infection process is the envelope glycoprotein Hemagglutinin (HA), which facilitates both host cell receptor binding and membrane fusion, two essential steps required for viral entry and replication. Due to its central role in the early stages of infection, HA has emerged as a highly promising target for antiviral drug development. Many smallmolecule HA inhibitors have been identified with potential anti-influenza activity by stabilizing the HA structure and preventing its conformational change during the membrane fusion process. This review presents a detailed chemical evaluation of these HA-targeting compounds based on studies reported in the literature, highlighting their core chemical scaffolds and structural features. The antiviral efficacy of these compounds is discussed based on in vitro and in vivo data, along with insights into their mechanisms of action. A comprehensive literature search was conducted, and studies meeting the predefined inclusion criteria were thoroughly reviewed. By focusing on the chemical structure of these inhibitors, this review provides information for the rational design of new therapeutic agents aimed at preventing or limiting influenza virus infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":18548,"journal":{"name":"Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applications and Prospects of Computer-aided Drug Design for the Development of ^99mTc-labelled Isonitrile-carbohydrate Derivatives for Tumour Imaging.","authors":"Zuojie Li, Junbo Zhang","doi":"10.2174/0113895575398450250917115123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113895575398450250917115123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Effective and accurate drugs for imaging and tumour diagnostics are essential for the early detection of diseases and the development of treatment plans. 18F-2-Fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ([18F]FDG) is the most widely used molecular tumour probe for positron emission tomography (PET) in clinical applications. However, no comparable molecular probes have been approved for single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in clinical diagnostics. In recent years, significant advancements have been made in tumour probes containing 99mTc-labelled isonitrileglucose molecules, which exhibit high specificity and sensitivity for tumour diagnosis, providing clear SPECT image contrast and diagnostic performance comparable to [18F]FDG. Based on research from our group and previous studies in the literature, the primary objective of this perspective is to investigate the structural design, molecule-target interactions, and protein-ligand complex energies of 99mTc-labelled isonitrile-carbohydrate tumour probes from the perspective of computeraided drug design (CADD). The findings presented here provide a reference and motivation for the development of novel 99mTc-labelled carbohydrate-based tumour probes.</p>","PeriodicalId":18548,"journal":{"name":"Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging Role of Dendrobium Orchid Plants in Diabetes: Phytochemistry Aspects, SAR, and Therapeutic Potential.","authors":"Sanjeev Kumar Sahu, Paranjeet Kaur, Manish Vyas, Divya Chauhan","doi":"10.2174/0113895575402987250917093529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113895575402987250917093529","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dendrobium belongs to one of the most important genera of the Orchidaceae family, which covers the largest category of flowering plants. More recent traditional medicinal studies have revealed that these orchid plants are used worldwide to treat a variety of illnesses, including those related to the complexion, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, reproductive, and circulatory systems, as well as cancers, pain, and inflammation. Several Dendrobium species have been the subject of phytochemistry and pharmacological research to explore their different medicinal aspects.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A comprehensive search through databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Traditional integrated knowledge resources, local dissertations, and books) was conducted up until November 2024 using key terms such as \"Orchid plants, Type 2 diabetes, phytomedicine, natural products, phytoconstituents, phytochemistry, therapeutic potential, and plantderived antidiabetic agents.\"</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Its major phytoconstituents belong to the chemical categories of stilbenoid, glycoside, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenanthrenes, anthocyanins, carotenoids, and bibenzyl derivatives, in which the alkaloids and flavonoids play a most significant role for their biological properties. The flavone Cglycoside and flavanols are commonly found, but highly methylated and glycosylated derivatives of flavonoids are absent in orchid leaves.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The phytochemical composition of Dendrobium, along with its structure-activity relationship of major classes, supports it as a potential source for novel antidiabetic agents through integrating traditional knowledge with medicinal chemistry aspects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A specific Dendrobium orchid plant has a promising role in the effective management of diabetes. In the future, newer, more potent antidiabetic compounds may be isolated and further developed into more effective antidiabetic agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":18548,"journal":{"name":"Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145200324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular Effects of Ruthenium Complexes: A Potential Therapeutic Tool in Hypertension and Myocardial Injury.","authors":"Danilo Galvão Rocha, Priscilla Nascimento Dos Santos, Francisca Amanda de Oliveira Silva, Natália Cavalcante Barbosa Lima, Roberta Jeane Bezerra Jorge, Francisco Vagnaldo Fechine Jamacaru, Manoel Odorico de Moraes Filho","doi":"10.2174/0113895575400005250905072357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113895575400005250905072357","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ruthenium complexes stand out as an excellent alternative in the field of organometallic chemistry with applications in various areas. Recently, in cardiovascular pharmacology, there has been a growing interest in investigating complexes that modulate the Nitric Oxide (NO) pathway without necessarily and directly donating NO. NO has a proven vasodilatory and cardioprotective effect, and it is known that reduced levels are associated with an increased risk of CardioVascular Diseases (CVD). Studies suggest that ruthenium complexes significantly contribute to the treatment of CVD pathophysiology through different pharmacological mechanisms, including the precise delivery of carbon monoxide (CO) to the molecular target, the release of nitric oxide species under visible and invisible (UV) light, the ability to stimulate the activation of soluble Guanylate Cyclase (sGC) enzyme, participation in the opening of potassium channels, and reduction of cytoplasmic calcium levels. This study aims to conduct a narrative review of the cardiovascular effects of ruthenium complexes, focusing on hypertension and myocardial injury, and demonstrate that metal complexes acting on the NO pathway may have promising targets for the development of therapeutic strategies in CVD treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":18548,"journal":{"name":"Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145200290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitochondria as a Therapeutic Target in Metabolic Disorders.","authors":"Youde Cai, Fang Gan, Yunzhi Chen, Qiansong He, Wei Chen, Zhongyong Peng, Ling Gong","doi":"10.2174/0113895575403490250917111723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113895575403490250917111723","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mitochondria, commonly termed the 'cellular powerhouse', produce the majority of cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). In addition to their role in energy synthesis, mitochondria are crucial for maintaining calcium homeostasis, mediating cellular signaling, regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis, and supporting various other physiological processes. In recent years, mitochondria have gained prominence as a critical target for the treatment of metabolic disorders. Research has demonstrated a strong association between mitochondrial dysfunction and the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, such as insulin resistance, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, and endocrine tumors. Consequently, understanding the mechanisms of mitochondrial homeostatic imbalance and developing mitochondria-targeted therapeutics hold promise for innovative treatments of metabolic disorder-related diseases. This article seeks to elucidate recent advancements in the understanding of mitochondrial dysfunction's role in metabolic diseases and offers a comprehensive overview of current therapeutic strategies and approaches for addressing this dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":18548,"journal":{"name":"Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145200306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibitors of Epigenetic Modulators as Therapeutic Alternatives for Cardiovascular Diseases.","authors":"Gustavo A Barraza, Wendy Rosales, Carlos Meléndez","doi":"10.2174/0113895575406970250919065317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113895575406970250919065317","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Despite the development of a wide variety of drugs, treatment regimens do not seem to be able to prevent the progression of these pathologies. In recent years, the study of epigenetic mechanisms has led to the discovery of new targets that may facilitate the search for therapeutic alternatives. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that the onset of cardiovascular diseases is associated with changes in DNA methylation status and altered histone modification patterns. Therefore, the use of natural and synthetic inhibitors of epigenetic modulators, such as DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), is likely to constitute a new approach in the therapy of cardiovascular diseases. In this review article, we discuss the mechanisms of action of inhibitors of epigenetic modulators and their applications in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":18548,"journal":{"name":"Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145150005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomimetic Magnetic Nanovesicles (\"Magnetic Liposomes\"): Current Synthesis Approaches and Biomedical Applications.","authors":"Kamil G Gareev, Nikita O Sitkov, Alexey I Nikiforov, Ksenia E Brusina, Dmitry V Korolev","doi":"10.2174/0113895575408099250918013809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113895575408099250918013809","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Magnetic liposomes (MLs) are hybrid nanovesicles that combine the biocompatibility of lipid bilayers with the remote controllability of superparamagnetic nanoparticles. To the best of our knowledge, no prior review has systematically covered the literature on MLs published between 2020 and 2024, with a special focus on continuous-flow microfluidic synthesis. Here, we consolidate and critically assess recent advances in MLs' structural design, highlight remaining challenges, and propose future directions for clinical translation. MLs, as one of the types of biomimetic magnetic nanovesicles, are considered promising nanocarriers for biomedical applications. These applications include active drug targeting to specific tissues, magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic hyperthermia, controlled release, and other applications. This review aims to comprehensively classify current knowledge on the main structural types of MLs and their traditional (batch) and modern (continuous-flow) synthesis methods. The current advantages and potential challenges of microfluidics- based MLs synthesis are described. Detailed information on the variants of microfluidicsbased techniques is provided, along with examples and potential biomedical applications. For the main aspects of MLs synthesis and applications, schematic illustrations are provided. Finally, an outlook on the perspectives of further MLs development and applications is presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":18548,"journal":{"name":"Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145149838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fruitful Interventions: A Narrative Review Addressing the Emerging Role of Antioxidant Fruits in Combating IBD-Driven Colorectal Cancer.","authors":"Ramanpreet Kaur, Avinash Kundadka Kudva, Rashmi D'souza, Manjeshwar Shrinath Baliga, Naveen Kaushal","doi":"10.2174/0113895575403756250915110305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113895575403756250915110305","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Individuals diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) face a significantly heightened risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC), primarily due to persistent intestinal inflammation that fosters neoplastic transformations across the colon. This narrative review delves into the potential of certain fruits, such as black raspberries, Amazonian açaí, apples, grapes, cocoa, Ziziphus jujuba, and Moringa oleifera, in mitigating IBD-induced CRC. Preclinical studies indicate that these fruits possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that may disrupt carcinogenic pathways. Notably, black raspberries have demonstrated the ability to modulate epigenetic markers by demethylating tumor suppressor genes and inhibiting DNA methyltransferases (DNMT), like DNMT1 and DNMT3B. This epigenetic modulation influences the Wnt signaling pathway, crucial in CRC development, and affects cellular processes, such as proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. Animal models further support these findings, showing that black raspberries can suppress β- catenin signaling, reduce chronic inflammation, and decrease tumor incidence. This comprehensive analysis underscores the promising role of specific fruits in CRC prevention among IBD patients and highlights the need for further research to translate these findings into clinical applications, potentially benefiting both public health and the nutraceutical industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":18548,"journal":{"name":"Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145138129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial Activity of Naturally Occurring and Semi-Synthetic Chlorinated Compounds.","authors":"Kowsar Marefat, Mina Saeedi, Mahnaz Khanavi","doi":"10.2174/0113895575396696250904113228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113895575396696250904113228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction/objective: </strong>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a global controversial issue, making conventional treatments less effective. Hence, the design and development of new and efficient antimicrobial agents are on the researchers' agenda to reduce death rates and health care costs. In this regard, chlorine-containing compounds have been the center of attention. This review highlights the antimicrobial potential of chlorine-containing natural and semi-synthetic compounds, aiming to identify versatile candidates effective against microorganisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The literature was comprehensively surveyed using Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed, focusing on studies published since 2016, focusing on the antimicrobial properties of natural and semi-synthetic chlorinated compounds.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Natural chlorinated compounds have shown remarkable antimicrobial activity, generally more potent than their semi-synthetic counterparts.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The strong activity against resistant strains like MRSA underlines their therapeutic potential in addressing pressing clinical challenges. Nature-derived scaffolds serve as a promising foundation for the development of novel antimicrobial agents.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Several naturally occurring compounds have proven more effective than their semisynthetic derivatives, making them attractive candidates for addressing the growing threat of AMR.</p>","PeriodicalId":18548,"journal":{"name":"Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145131193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic Potential of Underexplored Phytoconstituents Targeting Molecular Pathways in Breast Cancer Subtypes.","authors":"Shruthi Laya S, Jubie Selvaraj, Prisil Naveentha X, Megha Sanjay, Antony Justin","doi":"10.2174/0113895575417244250905072102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113895575417244250905072102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease consisting of several molecular subtypes, such as Hormone Receptor-positive (HR+), Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-positive (HER2+), and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC). Although a lot of success has been realized in targeted agents, there still remain significant problems, including resistance to drugs, toxicity related to treatment, and few therapeutic possibilities for aggressive subtypes. Confronting such limitations requires complementary treatment approaches with better efficacy and safety profiles. Phytoconstituents from natural sources have emerged as potential therapeutic agents due to their multitargeting activity, good safety profile, and capacity to evade drug resistance. These bioactive molecules, such as flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and saponins, possess various mechanisms of action, including modulation of cell cycle regulators, induction of apoptosis, inhibition of angiogenesis, suppression of metastasis, and regulation of critical oncogenic signaling pathways. Their interference with several cancer pathways gives them a holistic strategy for breast cancer therapy. This review offers an in-depth examination of new phytoconstituents that target the molecular basis of various subtypes of breast cancer. It also highlights their scope for integration into traditional paradigms either as monotherapy or in combination with current therapies to increase therapeutic impact with the least adverse effects. Through the clarification of their mechanisms of action and therapeutic advantages, this review promotes the ongoing pursuit of phytoconstituents as potential contenders in contemporary oncology, providing novel targets for the control of breast cancer and enhanced patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":18548,"journal":{"name":"Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145086445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}