Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry最新文献

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Strategies in Taxol development. A review. 紫杉醇开发战略。综述。
IF 3.3 3区 医学
Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.2174/0113895575300365240828065816
Justyna Żwawiak, Lucjusz Zaprutko, Anna Pawełczyk
{"title":"Strategies in Taxol development. A review.","authors":"Justyna Żwawiak, Lucjusz Zaprutko, Anna Pawełczyk","doi":"10.2174/0113895575300365240828065816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113895575300365240828065816","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Taxol is a compound with a rigid, tetracyclic structure of diterpene, which is characterized by significant antitumor properties. Firstly, Taxol has been isolated by extraction from the bark of the yew tree. However, the low level of availability obligated the researchers' world to uncover alternative techniques of Taxol obtainment. In the last few years, many synthetic and semi-synthetic methodologies have been elaborated. Nowadays, many novel biotechnological approaches using cell suspension cultures and biotransformation are initiated and expanded. These processes are very beneficial. The reason is that both the final product and the yield of the process have high levels. Such approaches are very distinctive and they help achieve significant quantities of natural compounds, which often exist in small amounts in plants. Moreover, a very important aspect of Taxol development is nanotechnology. The use of this method has many benefits - the retention time is protracted and the concentration of a drug in tumor tissue is raised. This is due to the specific targeting of nanomolecules. What is essential for patients is that systemic side effects are reduced and the healthy biological systems and tissues do not damage. Also, the paper presents new directions with the application of Artificial Intelligence methods. Every year, new concepts are created for obtaining Taxol and developing methods to significantly increase its bioavailability.</p>","PeriodicalId":18548,"journal":{"name":"Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142365807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Therapeutic Potental of Quinolin-2H-one Hybrids as Anticancer Agents. 喹啉-2H-酮混合物作为抗癌剂的治疗潜力。
IF 3.3 3区 医学
Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.2174/0113895575305597240912192037
Naik Soniya, Vasu Soumya, Mamle Desai Shivlingrao, M Manickavasagam, Chellappan Manickavasagam Meeramol
{"title":"Therapeutic Potental of Quinolin-2H-one Hybrids as Anticancer Agents.","authors":"Naik Soniya, Vasu Soumya, Mamle Desai Shivlingrao, M Manickavasagam, Chellappan Manickavasagam Meeramol","doi":"10.2174/0113895575305597240912192037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113895575305597240912192037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The statistical data related to cancer in recent years has shown a great increase in the number of cases and is likely to further increase in the future. Even after seeking thorough knowledge on the aetiology of cancer and related disorders and attempting to cure it by various methods like gene therapy, T cell therapy, chemotherapy, surgery, hormone therapy, and photodynamic therapy, there has always been disappointment concerning the survival rate. Hence, there is still a great urge for the discovery of novel drugs for the treatment of cancer. Chemotherapy being one of the widely used methods, several drug entities possessing anticancer properties are already in the market but none of them is known to show good efficacy which necessitates researchers to design newer drugs for the treatment of cancer. The urge to synthesize novel anticancer entities directed researchers towards molecular hybridization as one of the novel methods for designing newer drugs. Literature reveals wide research carried out on quinolin-2-one hybrids, possessing anticancer properties through different mechanisms. Tipifarnib and Dovitinib are quinolin-2-one hybrids used to treat cancer, possessing imidazole and benzimidazole heterocyclic rings. Different heterocyclic scaffolds such as pyrone, pyrrole, pyrimidine, pyridine, thiazole, and pyrazole in combination with heterocyclic quinolin-2-one have shown high potential to become lead for newer anticancer agents with better and wider therapeutic properties and lesser side effects. The current review presents information on the different quinolin-2-one hybrids and their effect on different cancer cell lines. It also imparts knowledge of the structural requirements for designing novel anticancer agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":18548,"journal":{"name":"Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142349791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Enoyl Acyl Reductase (InhA) Inhibitors: A Mini-Review. 结核分枝杆菌烯酰乙酰还原酶 (InhA) 抑制剂的开发:微型综述。
IF 3.3 3区 医学
Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.2174/0113895575309785240902102421
Navin Kumar Tailor, Geeta Deswal, Kumar Guarve, Ajmer Singh Grewal
{"title":"Development of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Enoyl Acyl Reductase (InhA) Inhibitors: A Mini-Review.","authors":"Navin Kumar Tailor, Geeta Deswal, Kumar Guarve, Ajmer Singh Grewal","doi":"10.2174/0113895575309785240902102421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113895575309785240902102421","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review article delves into the critical role of Enoyl acyl carrier protein Reductase (InhA; ENR), a vital enzyme in the NADH-dependent acyl carrier protein reductase family, emphasizing its significance in fatty acid synthesis and, more specifically, the biosynthesis of mycolic acid. The primary objective of this literature review is to elucidate diverse scaffolds and their developmental progression targeting InhA inhibition, thereby disrupting mycolic acid biosynthesis. Various scaffolds, including thiourea, piperazine, thiadiazole, triazole, quinazoline, benzamide, rhodanine, benzoxazole, and pyridine, have been systematically explored for their potential as InhA inhibitors. Noteworthy findings highlight thiadiazole and triazole derivatives, demonstrating promising IC50 values within the nanomolar concentration range. The review offers comprehensive insights into InhA's structure, structure-activity relationships, and a detailed overview of distinct scaffolds as effective inhibitors of InhA.</p>","PeriodicalId":18548,"journal":{"name":"Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142290915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Phytochemicals and Nanotechnology: A Powerful Combination against Breast Cancer. 植物化学物质与纳米技术:抗击乳腺癌的强大组合。
IF 3.3 3区 医学
Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.2174/0113895575297312240903055926
Sadat Shafi, Faraha Ahmed, Ayesha Waheed, Syed Sufiyan Ahmad, Sana Khan, Mohammad Ahmed Khan, Faheem Hyder Pottoo, Syed Arman Rabbani, Shailja Singh, Abul Kalam Najmi
{"title":"Phytochemicals and Nanotechnology: A Powerful Combination against Breast Cancer.","authors":"Sadat Shafi, Faraha Ahmed, Ayesha Waheed, Syed Sufiyan Ahmad, Sana Khan, Mohammad Ahmed Khan, Faheem Hyder Pottoo, Syed Arman Rabbani, Shailja Singh, Abul Kalam Najmi","doi":"10.2174/0113895575297312240903055926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113895575297312240903055926","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Considerable advancements have been made in breast cancer therapeutics in the past few decades. However, the advent of chemo-resistance and adverse drug reactions coupled with tumor metastasis and recurrence posed a serious threat to combat this lethal disease. Novel anti-cancer agents, as well as new therapeutic strategies, are needed to complement conventional breast cancer therapies. The quest for developing novel anti-cancer drugs caused an upsurge in exploring and harnessing natural compounds, especially phytochemicals. Various research groups have explored and documented the anti-cancer potential of wide variety of phytochemical groups including flavonoids (curcumin, kaempferol, myricetin, quercetin, naringenin, apigenin, genistein epigallocatechin gallate), stilbenes (resveratrol), carotenoids (crocin, lycopene, lutein), and anthraquinone (Emodin). However, low chemical stability, poor water solubility, and short systemic half-life impede their clinical utility. The implication of nano-technological approaches to decode the pharmacokinetic challenges associated with phytochemical usage, as well as selective drug targeting, have markedly enhanced the pre-clinical anti-cancer activity, thus aiding in their clinical translation. This review documented the recent advances in utilizing phytochemicals for breast cancer prevention and lipidbased nanotechnological approaches for circumventing their pharmacokinetic concerns to enhance their systemic availability, cytotoxicity, and targeted delivery against breast cancer alone as well as in combination with conventional therapeutic agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":18548,"journal":{"name":"Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142290916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Role of Essential Oils on Sleep Quality and Other Sleep-related Issues: Evidence from Clinical Trials. 精油对睡眠质量和其他睡眠相关问题的作用:来自临床试验的证据
IF 3.3 3区 医学
Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI: 10.2174/0113895575315700240821054716
Bhagavathi Sundaram Sivamaruthi, Periyanaina Kesika, Natarajan Sisubalan, Chaiyavat Chaiyasut
{"title":"The Role of Essential Oils on Sleep Quality and Other Sleep-related Issues: Evidence from Clinical Trials.","authors":"Bhagavathi Sundaram Sivamaruthi, Periyanaina Kesika, Natarajan Sisubalan, Chaiyavat Chaiyasut","doi":"10.2174/0113895575315700240821054716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113895575315700240821054716","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Essential oils (EOs) are a volatile mixture of bioactive compounds extracted from aromatic plants. The composition of EOs varies, which majorly depends on the extraction methods and plant parts. Aromatherapy using EOs has been reported for its several beneficial effects in humans. Aromatherapy is considered a complementary and/ or adjuvant therapeutic approach for treating several illnesses, especially to improve mental health and well-being. The incidence of sleep disorders, specifically insomnia, is nowadays increased, possibly due to urbanization and lifestyle. The studies showed that EOs-based treatments using lavender EO, bergamot EO, cinnamon EO, and rosemary EO (alone or in combinations) could improve sleep quality, duration, and deprivation in healthy subjects and patients, those who suffer from sleep-related issues. The current manuscript details the outcomes of EO-based treatments on the sleep quality of humans and the possible mechanisms associated with the health-promoting properties of EOs. Also, the toxicity and adverse effects of EOs have been discussed. The study indicated that EOs are potent adjuvant therapeutic candidates to manage mood-associated complications in humans. Moreover, the aromatherapeutic field requires detailed studies on toxicity and dose determination, which could provide safe and effective therapeutic results.</p>","PeriodicalId":18548,"journal":{"name":"Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142120219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cinnamic Acid Derivatives: Recent Discoveries and Development Strategies for Alzheimer's Disease. 肉桂酸衍生物:治疗阿尔茨海默病的最新发现和发展战略》。
IF 3.3 3区 医学
Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.2174/0113895575330648240819112435
Yuan Liu, Zhixian Zhang, Zeyu Zhu, Yang Yang, Weijia Peng, Qiuhe Chen, Shinghung Mak, Karl Wahkeung Tism, Rongbiao Pi
{"title":"Cinnamic Acid Derivatives: Recent Discoveries and Development Strategies for Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Yuan Liu, Zhixian Zhang, Zeyu Zhu, Yang Yang, Weijia Peng, Qiuhe Chen, Shinghung Mak, Karl Wahkeung Tism, Rongbiao Pi","doi":"10.2174/0113895575330648240819112435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113895575330648240819112435","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that leads to cognitive decline and memory impairment. It is characterized by the accumulation of Amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques, the abnormal phosphorylation of tau protein forming neurofibrillary tangles, and is often accompanied by neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, which contribute to neuronal loss and brain atrophy. At present, clinical anti-AD drugs are mostly single-target, improving the cognitive ability of AD patients, but failing to effectively slow down the progression of AD. Therefore, research on effective multi-target drugs for AD has become an urgent problem to address. The main derivatives of hydroxycinnamic acid, caffeic acid, and ferulic acid, are widely present in nature and have many pharmacological activities, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti-Aβ deposition, and so on. The occurrence and development of AD are often accompanied by pathologies, such as oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and Aβ deposition, suggesting that caffeic acid and ferulic acid can be used in the research on anti-AD drugs. Therefore, in this article, we have summarized the multi-target anti-AD derivatives based on caffeic acid and ferulic acid in recent years, and discussed the new design direction of cinnamic acid derivatives as backbone compounds. It is hoped that this review will provide some useful strategies for anti-AD drugs based on cinnamic acid derivatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":18548,"journal":{"name":"Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142109289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From Traditional Use to Modern Evidence: The Medicinal Chemistry of Antimalarials from Genus Artemisia. 从传统用途到现代证据:蒿属抗疟药物的药物化学》。
IF 3.3 3区 医学
Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry Pub Date : 2024-08-26 DOI: 10.2174/0113895575320559240820113540
Abdur Rauf, Ahmed Olatunde, Nabia Hafeez, Hassan A Hemeg, Abdullah S M Aljohani, Waleed Al Abdulmonem, Giovanni Ribaudo
{"title":"From Traditional Use to Modern Evidence: The Medicinal Chemistry of Antimalarials from Genus Artemisia.","authors":"Abdur Rauf, Ahmed Olatunde, Nabia Hafeez, Hassan A Hemeg, Abdullah S M Aljohani, Waleed Al Abdulmonem, Giovanni Ribaudo","doi":"10.2174/0113895575320559240820113540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113895575320559240820113540","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While the use of plants in traditional medicine dates back to 1500 B.C., modern advancements led to the development of innovative therapeutic techniques. On the other hand, in the field of anti-infective agents, lack of efficacy and the onset of resistance stimulate the search for novel agents. Genus Artemisia is one of the most diverse among perennial plants with a variety of species, properties, and chemical components. The genus is known for its therapeutic values and, in particular, for its role in the origin of antimalarial agents derived from artemisinin. In this review, we aim to provide an updated overview of the evolution of natural and natureinspired compounds related to the genus Artemisia that have been proven, in vitro and in vivo, to possess antimalarial properties. An overview of the chemical composition and a description of the ethnopharmacological aspects will be presented, as well as an updated report on in vitro and in vivo evidence that allowed the translation of artemisinin and its derivatives from traditional chemistry into modern medicinal chemistry. The biological and structural properties will be discussed, also dedicating attention to the challenging tasks that still are open, such as the identification of optimal combination strategies, the routes of administration, and the full assessment of the mechanism of action.</p>","PeriodicalId":18548,"journal":{"name":"Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142080866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Repurposing of CDK Inhibitors as Host Targeting Antivirals: A Mini-Review. 将 CDK 抑制剂重新用作宿主靶向抗病毒药物:微型综述。
IF 3.3 3区 医学
Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.2174/0113895575311618240820103549
Miao Liu, Wei Peng, Xingyue Ji
{"title":"Repurposing of CDK Inhibitors as Host Targeting Antivirals: A Mini-Review.","authors":"Miao Liu, Wei Peng, Xingyue Ji","doi":"10.2174/0113895575311618240820103549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113895575311618240820103549","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Most of the antiviral drugs in the market are designed to target viral proteins directly. They are generally considered safe for human use. However, they also suffer from several inherent limitations, in particular, narrow-spectrum antiviral profiles and liability to drug resistance. The other strategy for antiviral drug development is targeting host factors, which are highly involved at different stages in the viral life cycle. In contrast to direct-acting antiviral agents, host-targeting antiviral ones normally exhibit broad-spectrum antiviral properties along with a much higher genetic barrier to drug resistance. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) represent one such host factor. In this review, we summarized a number of CDK inhibitors (CDKIs) of varied chemical scaffolds with demonstrated antiviral activity. Challenges and issues associated with the repurposing of CDKIs as antiviral agents were also discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":18548,"journal":{"name":"Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142056051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Recent Progress and Perspectives in Sodium-Glucose Co-transporter 1/2 Inhibitors. 钠-葡萄糖共转运体 1/2抑制剂的最新进展和前景。
IF 3.3 3区 医学
Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.2174/0113895575325210240805092741
Cahit Demirkiran, Seniz Demiryürek, Abdullah Tuncay Demiryürek
{"title":"Recent Progress and Perspectives in Sodium-Glucose Co-transporter 1/2 Inhibitors.","authors":"Cahit Demirkiran, Seniz Demiryürek, Abdullah Tuncay Demiryürek","doi":"10.2174/0113895575325210240805092741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113895575325210240805092741","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sodium-Glucose Co-transporter-1/2 (SGLT1/2) inhibitors (also called glifozins) are a class of glucose-decreasing drugs in adults with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). SGLT2 inhibitors diminish sodium and glucose reabsorption in the renal proximal convoluted tubule. Recent clinical trials have revealed that SGLT2 inhibitors might be beneficial for treating diseases other than diabetes, including chronic renal disease and Heart Failure (HF). Currently, SGLT2 inhibitors are recommended not only for the glycemic management of T2D but also for cardiovascular protection. SGLT2 inhibitors have become one of the foundational drugs for HF with reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF) treatment and the first medications with proven prognostic benefit in HF with preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF). At present, 11 SGLT1/2 inhibitors have been approved for clinical use in different countries. Beyond their anti-hyperglycemic effect, these inhibitors have shown clear cardio- and nephroprotective properties. A growing body of research studies suggests that SGLT1/2 inhibitors may provide potential clinical benefits in metabolic as well as oncological, hematological, and neurological disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":18548,"journal":{"name":"Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142004593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Development History, Structural Composition, and Functions of Influenza Viruses and the Progress of Influenza Virus Inhibitors in Clinics and Clinical Trials. 流感病毒的发展历史、结构组成和功能以及流感病毒抑制剂在临床和临床试验中的进展。
IF 3.3 3区 医学
Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry Pub Date : 2024-08-07 DOI: 10.2174/0113895575316416240724043949
Jianping Yong, Shaoji Lu, Canzhong Lu, Ruiwen Huang
{"title":"The Development History, Structural Composition, and Functions of Influenza Viruses and the Progress of Influenza Virus Inhibitors in Clinics and Clinical Trials.","authors":"Jianping Yong, Shaoji Lu, Canzhong Lu, Ruiwen Huang","doi":"10.2174/0113895575316416240724043949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113895575316416240724043949","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Flu is an acute respiratory disease caused by influenza viruses. The influenza viruses are classified as Alphainfluenzavirus (influenza A virus, IAV), Betainfluenzavirus (influenza B virus, IBV), Gammainfluenzavirus (influenza C virus, ICV), and Deltainfluenzavirus (influenza D virus, IDV) according to the antigenicity of nucleoproteins (NPs) and matrix (M) proteins in vivo. It is estimated that the seasonal influenza epidemics will cause about 3-5 million cases of serious illness and 290,000-650,000 deaths in the world every year, while influenza A virus is the leading cause of infection and death. Neuraminidase (NA) is one of the most critical targets for the development of anti-influenza virus drugs, and the main drugs clinically applied for the treatment of flu are neuraminidase inhibitors. However, various mutant strains have developed resistance to these inhibitors (For example, the substrains of H274Y in H1N1, H5N1, and E119V in H3N2 have developed resistance to Oseltamivir). Influenza viruses mutate frequently, and new substrains emerge constantly, and the pandemics caused by the new substrains will break out at any time. Therefore, it is urgent to develop new and wide-spectrum influenza virus inhibitors for overcoming the emerging influenza pandemic. Here, we focus on describing the progress of influenza virus inhibitors in clinics and clinical trials to provide a comprehensive reference for the researchers.</p>","PeriodicalId":18548,"journal":{"name":"Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141902298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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