Micro Pub Date : 2024-03-27 DOI: 10.3390/micro4020014

R. M. Baptista, B. Silva, J. Oliveira, Bernardo Almeida, Cidália Castro, P. V. Rodrigues, Ana Machado, Etelvina de Matos Gomes, Michael Belsley

{"title":"Piezoelectric and Pyroelectric Properties of Organic MDABCO-NH4Cl3 Perovskite for Flexible Energy Harvesting","authors":"R. M. Baptista, B. Silva, J. Oliveira, Bernardo Almeida, Cidália Castro, P. V. Rodrigues, Ana Machado, Etelvina de Matos Gomes, Michael Belsley","doi":"10.3390/micro4020014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/micro4020014","url":null,"abstract":"This study describes the synthesis and characterization of the lead-free organic ferroelectric perovskite N-methyl-N’-diazabicyclo [2.2.2]octonium)-ammonium trichloride (MDABCO-NH4Cl3). The electrospinning technique was employed to obtain nanofibers embedded with this perovskite in a PVC polymer for hybrid fiber production. The dielectric, piezoelectric, and pyroelectric properties of these fibers were carefully examined. Based on measurements of the dielectric permittivity temperature and frequency dependence, together with the pyroelectric results, a transition from a high temperature paraelectric to a ferroelectric phase that persisted at room temperature was found to occur at 438 K. The measured pyroelectric coefficient yielded values as high as 290 μC K−1 m−2, which is in between the values reported for MDABCO-NH4I3 and the semiorganic ferroelectric triglycine sulfate (TGS). The hybrid nanofibers exhibited good morphological characteristics and demonstrated very good piezoelectric properties. Specifically, a piezoelectric coefficient of 42 pC/N was obtained when applying a periodical force of 3 N and a piezoelectric voltage coefficient of geff = 0.65 V mN−1. The performance of these fibers is on par with that of materials discussed in the existing literature for the fabrication of nano energy-harvesting generators. Importantly, the perovskite nanocrystals within the fibers are protected from degradation by the surrounding polymer, making them a promising environmentally friendly platform for flexible mechanical energy harvesting.","PeriodicalId":18535,"journal":{"name":"Micro","volume":"26 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140375550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Janus Particles in Acoustofluidic Setup: The Interplay between Self-Propulsion and Acoustic Trapping 声流体装置中的杰纳斯粒子：自推进与声捕获之间的相互作用

Micro Pub Date : 2024-03-16 DOI: 10.3390/micro4010013

Lisa Marie Benko, V.R. Misko, L. Baraban, D. Makarov, Antonio Maisto, W. Malsche

引用次数: 0

An Investigation into the Effect of Length Scale of Reinforcement on the Cryogenic Response of a Mg/2wt.%CeO2 Composite 加固体长度尺度对 Mg/2wt.%CeO2 复合材料低温响应影响的研究

Micro Pub Date : 2024-03-14 DOI: 10.3390/micro4010012

Shwetabh Gupta, Michael Johanes, Gururaj Parande, M. Gupta

{"title":"An Investigation into the Effect of Length Scale of Reinforcement on the Cryogenic Response of a Mg/2wt.%CeO2 Composite","authors":"Shwetabh Gupta, Michael Johanes, Gururaj Parande, M. Gupta","doi":"10.3390/micro4010012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/micro4010012","url":null,"abstract":"The present study attempted for the first time an investigation on the effect of deep cryogenic treatment in liquid nitrogen (LN) on magnesium–cerium oxide (Mg/2wt.%CeO2) composites containing equal amounts of different length scales (micron and nanosize) cerium oxide (CeO2) particles. The disintegrated melt deposition method was used to synthesize Mg-2CeO2 micro- and nanocomposites, followed by hot extrusion as the secondary processing. Further liquid nitrogen treatment was performed at a cryogenic temperature of −196 °C. The combined effects of cryogenic treatment and reinforcement length scale on physical, mechanical, and thermal behaviors were studied. The results indicate that LN-treated micro- and nanocomposite samples exhibit, in common, a reduction in porosity, similar grain size, and a limited effect on the original texture of the matrix. However, microhardness, 0.2% Compressive Yield Strength (CYS), failure strain, and energy absorbed increased for both micro- and nanocomposite samples. Overall, results clearly indicate the capability of deep cryogenic treatment with LN to positively diversify the properties of both micro- and nanocomposite samples.","PeriodicalId":18535,"journal":{"name":"Micro","volume":"25 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140243100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterization of Thin AlN/Ag/AlN-Reflector Stacks on Glass Substrates for MEMS Applications 用于微机电系统（MEMS）应用的玻璃基板上薄 AlN/Ag/AlN 反射器叠层的特性分析

Micro Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.3390/micro4010010

Christian Behl, Regine Behlert, Jan Seiler, Christian Helke, Alexey Shaporin, Karla Hiller

{"title":"Characterization of Thin AlN/Ag/AlN-Reflector Stacks on Glass Substrates for MEMS Applications","authors":"Christian Behl, Regine Behlert, Jan Seiler, Christian Helke, Alexey Shaporin, Karla Hiller","doi":"10.3390/micro4010010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/micro4010010","url":null,"abstract":"Thin metal layers such as silver (Ag) are being utilized for various optical and plasmonic applications as well as for electrical purposes, e.g., as transparent electrodes in display devices or solar cells. This paper focuses on optical MEMS applications such as the Fabry–Pérot interferometer (FPI). Within such filters, reflector materials such as distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) or subwavelength gratings (SWGs) have been widely used so far, whereas metallic thin films (MTFs) were limited in application due to their comparatively higher absorption. In this paper, thin sputtered Ag layers with thicknesses of 20, 40 and 60 nm on glass substrates have been investigated, and it is shown that the absorption is very low in the visible spectral range (VIS) and increases only in near-infrared (NIR) with increasing wavelength. Thus, we consider Ag-thin layers to be an interesting reflector material at least for the VIS range, which can be easily fabricated and integrated. However, Ag is not inert and stable when exposed to the atmosphere. Hence, it needs a passivation material. For this purpose, AlN has been chosen in this contribution, which can be deposited by sputtering as well. In this contribution, we have chosen thin AlN layers for this purpose, which can also be deposited by sputtering. Thus, various AlN/Ag/AlN-reflector stacks were created and patterned by lift-off technology preferably. The fabricated reflectors were characterized with respect to adhesion, stress, cohesion, homogeneity, and most importantly, their optical properties. It was found that the thickness of the AlN can be used to adjust the reflectance–transmittance ratio in the VIS range, and influences the adsorption in the NIR range as well. Based on the measured values of the reflectors with 40 nm Ag, an exemplary transmission filter characteristics has been predicted for a wavelength range from 400 to 800 nm. Both the maximum transmittance and the full width at half maximum (FWHM) can be tuned by variation of the AlN thickness from 20 to 60 nm.","PeriodicalId":18535,"journal":{"name":"Micro","volume":"8 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140410788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of Pt Ultrathin Interlayers on Magnetic Anisotropy in Ni/NiO Multilayers 铂超薄夹层对 Ni/NiO 多层膜磁各向异性的影响

Micro Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.3390/micro4010011

D. I. Anyfantis, A. Barnasas, Nikolaos C. Diamantopoulos, Constantinos M. Tsakiris, Georg Schmidt, E. Papaioannou, Panagiotis Poulopoulos

{"title":"Influence of Pt Ultrathin Interlayers on Magnetic Anisotropy in Ni/NiO Multilayers","authors":"D. I. Anyfantis, A. Barnasas, Nikolaos C. Diamantopoulos, Constantinos M. Tsakiris, Georg Schmidt, E. Papaioannou, Panagiotis Poulopoulos","doi":"10.3390/micro4010011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/micro4010011","url":null,"abstract":"Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy at transition metal/oxide interfaces plays a significant role in technological applications such as magnetic storage and spintronics. In this study, we investigate the effects of thermal annealing and Pt ultrathin interlayers on the magnetic anisotropy in Ni/NiO multilayers. Ni/NiO/Pt multilayers were fabricated via radiofrequency magnetron sputtering and natural oxidation. The static magnetic properties of the samples were studied using temperature-dependent SQUID magnetometry. We focus on a sample with a Nickel thickness of 6.7 nm in each multilayer period. This multilayer in Ni/NiO form showed the maximum enhancement of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy after mild thermal annealing in past work. In this work, we study the effects of ultrathin Pt interlayers on the magnetic properties of such a Ni/NiO multilayer before and after annealing. We have observed a further increase in perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, and we study the temperature-dependent magnetic properties of this system, which combines the favorable magnetic properties of Ni/Pt and Ni/NiO multilayers.","PeriodicalId":18535,"journal":{"name":"Micro","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140412154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nanomedicine-Based Drug Delivery Systems and the Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Review 基于纳米药物的给药系统与自闭症谱系障碍的治疗：综述

Micro Pub Date : 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.3390/micro4010009

Zaria Jean-Baptiste, Yashwant Pathak, Kevin B. Sneed

{"title":"Nanomedicine-Based Drug Delivery Systems and the Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Review","authors":"Zaria Jean-Baptiste, Yashwant Pathak, Kevin B. Sneed","doi":"10.3390/micro4010009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/micro4010009","url":null,"abstract":"Nanotechnology has played a pioneering role in advancing medical applications, aiming to enhance healthcare through innovation and collaboration. Nanomedicine can be seen expanding into many fields from cancer therapies, cosmetics, tissue regeneration, biosensing, and infectious diseases, and now, it is seen venturing into the realm of research geared toward autism spectrum disorder (ASD). ASD is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by restrictive, monotonous activities or fixed interests as well as difficulties with social communication. As of now, there are no validated quantitative metrics for diagnosing autism, nor is there a drug that is specifically designed to treat the condition. As identifiers of ASD have improved, the diagnosis of individuals who meet established criteria have dramatically increased over the years. Although there is still no recognized nanomedicine treatment specifically intended for ASD, research is looking into how nanotechnology might be used in a number of ASD-related areas. This comprehensive review examines prior research efforts aimed at preventing, treating, and diagnosing individuals with ASD. It particularly focuses on the significance of prenatal care and investigates advancements in drug delivery methods through the blood–brain barrier concerning ASD treatment and management.","PeriodicalId":18535,"journal":{"name":"Micro","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140424235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Decorated Garden Grotto of Condes de Basto Palace in Évora, Portugal: Microbial Community Characterization and Biocide Tests for Conservation 葡萄牙埃武拉 Condes de Basto 宫装饰花园石窟：微生物群落特征和生物杀灭剂保护测试

Micro Pub Date : 2024-02-17 DOI: 10.3390/micro4010008

Inês Silva, C. Salvador, Sílvia Arantes, Ana Z. Miller, A. Candeias, Ana Teresa Caldeira

引用次数: 0

Electrodeposition of Zn and Cu Nanoparticles into TiO2 Nanotubes on Ti6Al4V: Antimicrobial Effect against S. Epidermidis and Cytotoxicity Assessment 将锌和铜纳米粒子电沉积到 Ti6Al4V 上的 TiO2 纳米管中：对表皮葡萄球菌的抗菌效果和细胞毒性评估

Micro Pub Date : 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.3390/micro4010007

Bruno Ribeiro, R. Offoiach, Claudia Monteiro, Miguel R. G. Morais, M. L. Martins, A. P. Pêgo, Elisa Salatin, Lorenzo Fedrizzi, Maria Lekka

{"title":"Electrodeposition of Zn and Cu Nanoparticles into TiO2 Nanotubes on Ti6Al4V: Antimicrobial Effect against S. Epidermidis and Cytotoxicity Assessment","authors":"Bruno Ribeiro, R. Offoiach, Claudia Monteiro, Miguel R. G. Morais, M. L. Martins, A. P. Pêgo, Elisa Salatin, Lorenzo Fedrizzi, Maria Lekka","doi":"10.3390/micro4010007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/micro4010007","url":null,"abstract":"Surface modification of the Ti6Al4V alloy (ASTM grade 5), with the fabrication of vertically oriented TiO2 nanotubes, has been receiving increasing attention both as a way to provide advanced bioactive features and the ability to act as reservoirs for a localized, controlled drug release. In this work, TiO2 nanotubes were grown on the surface of a Ti6Al4V alloy through electrochemical anodization. An ethylene glycol-based electrolyte containing 0.5 wt.% NH4F and 2.5% (v/v) H2O was used. Post-anodizing heat treatments at 500 °C in air atmosphere were performed to achieve a crystalline oxide layer with a higher mechanical stability. Following these treatments, Zn or Cu nanoparticles were incorporated into the nanotubular structures through electrodeposition processes. Then, the antimicrobial performance of the obtained surfaces was assessed against Staphylococcus epidermidis, a Gram-positive bacterium common in implant-related infections. Lastly, the cytotoxicity of the produced surface was evaluated against MC3T3-E1 mouse pre-osteoblast cells. In general, Cu-doped TiO2 nanotubes presented an almost total antimicrobial action, while Zn doped samples had a lower, but still significant antibacterial effect. However, a highly cytotoxic effect against MC3T3-E1 cells was observed on all anodized samples due to the release of vanadium from the alloy. In spite of this, the surface modification reported in this work can be a valid solution for existing commercially available orthopedic implants, considering that similar solutions were already studied in in vivo assays.","PeriodicalId":18535,"journal":{"name":"Micro","volume":"91 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139851409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electrodeposition of Zn and Cu Nanoparticles into TiO2 Nanotubes on Ti6Al4V: Antimicrobial Effect against S. Epidermidis and Cytotoxicity Assessment 将锌和铜纳米粒子电沉积到 Ti6Al4V 上的 TiO2 纳米管中：对表皮葡萄球菌的抗菌效果和细胞毒性评估

Micro Pub Date : 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.3390/micro4010007

Bruno Ribeiro, R. Offoiach, Claudia Monteiro, Miguel R. G. Morais, M. L. Martins, A. P. Pêgo, Elisa Salatin, Lorenzo Fedrizzi, Maria Lekka

{"title":"Electrodeposition of Zn and Cu Nanoparticles into TiO2 Nanotubes on Ti6Al4V: Antimicrobial Effect against S. Epidermidis and Cytotoxicity Assessment","authors":"Bruno Ribeiro, R. Offoiach, Claudia Monteiro, Miguel R. G. Morais, M. L. Martins, A. P. Pêgo, Elisa Salatin, Lorenzo Fedrizzi, Maria Lekka","doi":"10.3390/micro4010007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/micro4010007","url":null,"abstract":"Surface modification of the Ti6Al4V alloy (ASTM grade 5), with the fabrication of vertically oriented TiO2 nanotubes, has been receiving increasing attention both as a way to provide advanced bioactive features and the ability to act as reservoirs for a localized, controlled drug release. In this work, TiO2 nanotubes were grown on the surface of a Ti6Al4V alloy through electrochemical anodization. An ethylene glycol-based electrolyte containing 0.5 wt.% NH4F and 2.5% (v/v) H2O was used. Post-anodizing heat treatments at 500 °C in air atmosphere were performed to achieve a crystalline oxide layer with a higher mechanical stability. Following these treatments, Zn or Cu nanoparticles were incorporated into the nanotubular structures through electrodeposition processes. Then, the antimicrobial performance of the obtained surfaces was assessed against Staphylococcus epidermidis, a Gram-positive bacterium common in implant-related infections. Lastly, the cytotoxicity of the produced surface was evaluated against MC3T3-E1 mouse pre-osteoblast cells. In general, Cu-doped TiO2 nanotubes presented an almost total antimicrobial action, while Zn doped samples had a lower, but still significant antibacterial effect. However, a highly cytotoxic effect against MC3T3-E1 cells was observed on all anodized samples due to the release of vanadium from the alloy. In spite of this, the surface modification reported in this work can be a valid solution for existing commercially available orthopedic implants, considering that similar solutions were already studied in in vivo assays.","PeriodicalId":18535,"journal":{"name":"Micro","volume":" 46","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139791807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Method for Directly Observing Mechanical Oscillations in Photonic Structures Based on Porous Silicon Nanostructures 直接观测基于多孔硅纳米结构的光子结构中机械振动的方法

Micro Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.3390/micro4010006

Miller Toledo Solano, H. H. Cerecedo-Núñez, Martha Alicia Palomino Ovando, Jocelyn Faubert, K. Misaghian, J. E. Lugo

{"title":"A Method for Directly Observing Mechanical Oscillations in Photonic Structures Based on Porous Silicon Nanostructures","authors":"Miller Toledo Solano, H. H. Cerecedo-Núñez, Martha Alicia Palomino Ovando, Jocelyn Faubert, K. Misaghian, J. E. Lugo","doi":"10.3390/micro4010006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/micro4010006","url":null,"abstract":"Due to their unique properties, porous silicon nanostructures have garnered much attention in photonics. For example, these structures can exhibit photoluminescence and are highly efficient in trapping light, making them ideal for applications such as biosensors, optical communication, and solar cells. The production of electromagnetic forces by light is a well-established concept, and the mechanism behind it is well-understood. In the past, we have used these forces to induce mechanical oscillations in a photonic structure based on porous silicon. Usually, to detect the oscillations, a high-precision vibrometer is utilized. However, we report a novel approach to visualizing photonic structure oscillations here. The traditional method of using a vibrometer as an indirect measurement tool has been replaced by one that involves directly observing the changes using a camera, digital movement amplification, a theoretical approximation, and FDTE simulations. This original technique provides researchers with a less expensive means of studying photonic structure movements. This proposal could be extended to other microscopic movements or for dynamical interferometric fringe analysis.","PeriodicalId":18535,"journal":{"name":"Micro","volume":"1450 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139831089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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