Medical Science and Discovery最新文献

{"title":"Assessing Metastasis through Positron Emission Tomography (PET): An In-depth Analysis and Mapping of Thematic Clusters and Prevailing Topics in Nuclear Medicine Research","authors":"Hamdi Afşin","doi":"10.36472/msd.v10i10.1061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36472/msd.v10i10.1061","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The primary objective of the study is to conduct a critical evaluation of thematic categories within the field of nuclear medicine literature, specifically focusing on positron emission tomography (PET) imaging techniques and the detection and evaluation of metastasis, through the application of bibliometric analysis methods. Method: Co-citation, co-occurrence and co-authorship analyses were performed on 588 academic publications selected using the Web of Science database. The analyses were performed using R-based Bibliometrix software, Python and Microsoft Excel. Results: The findings derived from the co-citation and co-occurrence network analyses shed light on the intricate nature of thematic categories within the nuclear medicine literature and provide insights into the core topics. Topics such as metastasis and tumor staging, optimisation of imaging methodology, and standardisation of clinical practice are prominent topics in the study. In particular, a single-authored article has been observed to make a significant contribution to knowledge on the efficacy of different radioactive markers used in the diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumors. Conclusion: This bibliometric assessment addresses the multidisciplinary and thematic dimensions of an in-depth understanding of the field of nuclear medicine. The study effectively identified four main thematic clusters 'PET and Cancer Types', 'FDG-PET ', 'Prostate Cancer and Recurrence', and 'Cancer Management and Imaging' and highlights the interrelatedness and importance of these categories.","PeriodicalId":18486,"journal":{"name":"Medical Science and Discovery","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136057485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of COVID-19 Pneumonia in Children According to the Original Strain, Alpha, Delta and Omicron Variants","authors":"Edanur Yeşil, Murat Yaman, Berfin Özmen","doi":"10.36472/msd.v10i10.1056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36472/msd.v10i10.1056","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: As known, COVID-19, stemming from the SARS-CoV-2 virus, exhibits distinct clinical patterns across various variants. This research endeavors to comprehensively analyze the variations in clinical presentations between these variants and the original strain, particularly in pediatric COVID-19 pneumonia cases. Materials and Methods: Patients diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia who were admitted to Mersin City Research and Training Hospital between June 2020-2022, were included in the study. Clinical and laboratory data of the patients were evaluated according to their variant status. Results: 56% (n=62) of 110 pediatric patients were female, and their average age was 11±5.9 (median 13). 31%(n=34) of the patients were infected with the original strain, 20% (n=22) were alpha, 40% (n=44) were delta, and 9% (n=10) were omicron variant. 6% (n=7) of the patients were asymptomatic, 11% (n=12) were mildly symptomatic, 76% (n=83) were moderate (respiratory distress), and 7% (n=8) were severe clinical patients requiring mechanical ventilation. Fever and shortness of breath were most frequently seen in delta, and cough in alpha variant (p=0.0001;p=0.014;p=0.039,respectively). The most severe disease detected in omicron was alpha, delta and original virüs (p=0.001). No relationship detected between the laboratory values of the patients and the variant status (p>0.05). When patients were compared based on radiological severity, no significant differences were found between the variants (p=0.214). However, when cases were classified according to pneumonia severity, regardless of the variant status, higher levels of ferritin (p=0.0001) and CRP (p=0.037) were observed, while lymphocyte count (p=0.009) decreased with increasing pneumonia severity. It's noteworthy that no patient fatalities occurred. Conclusion: In our study, the most severe clinical picture was shown in the omicron variant, followed by the alpha variant. But, omicron cases were limited, and it is important to examine variants in a larger population.","PeriodicalId":18486,"journal":{"name":"Medical Science and Discovery","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136293859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Role of DICER1 Mutations in Ovarian Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors: A Retrospective Analysis and Implications for Surveillance","authors":"Ülkü Miray Yıldırım, Doğa Dalay, Ozlem Dural, Ismail Yilmaz, Neslihan Karakurt, Egemen Eroğlu, Semen Önder, Kris Ann P. Schultz, Rejin Kebudi","doi":"10.36472/msd.v10i10.1048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36472/msd.v10i10.1048","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors (OSCSTs) are a rare and heterogeneous group, accounting for less than 1% of all malignancies and about 10% of ovarian tumors in childhood and adolescence. Some OSCSTs have been associated with germline pathogenic DICER1 variations. This study aims to determine the incidence of DICER1 pathogenic variations in a small cohort of OSCSTs and evaluate the clinicopathological features and patient outcomes. Material and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of the patients diagnosed with OSCSTs between 2014-2021. Molecular genetic sequencing of the tumor samples to detect a RNase IIIb domain hot spot mutation in DICER1 was performed in five patients. Results: Molecular genetic sequencing of the tumor samples revealed a DICER1 gene mutation in exon 27 c.5437G>C (p.E1813Q) in a patient with Sertoli-Leydig cell tumour. Conclusions: Although our study included a small number of patients, our findings highlight the importance of knowing the possible association between OSCSTs and pathogenic germline DICER1 variants since detecting this mutation may provide the opportunity for surveillance of related conditions that could improve long-term outcomes and survival, and also enable screening of family members.","PeriodicalId":18486,"journal":{"name":"Medical Science and Discovery","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135198149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Decade Trends in Total and Sex-specific Cerebrovascular Disease Mortality in Turkey: 2013-2022","authors":"Serdar Aykaç","doi":"10.36472/msd.v10i10.1054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36472/msd.v10i10.1054","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Cerebrovascular diseases (CVD) remain a significant global public health concern and a leading cause of mortality. This study aims to assess the current trends in cerebrovascular disease-related mortality in Turkey, with a particular focus on disparities in age and gender. To achieve this, we will utilize mortality data from the Turkish Statistical Institute (TUIK). Methods: Mortality data for ischemic heart disease from 2013 to 2022 were obtained from the TUIK mortality database. Analytical methods involved the use of Joinpoint analysis to calculate both the annual percentage change (APC) and the average annual percentage change (AAPC). This allowed for the identification of significant alterations in trends over the study period. Additionally, we conducted a detailed examination of sex-specific variations, and age-standardized rates (ASRs) were computed. Results: In 2013, the total CVD death rate was 25.2%, with male and female death rates of 22.9% and 27.5%, respectively. This year marked the highest recorded stroke death rate within the provided timeframe. By 2022, these rates had consistently decreased. The total stroke death rate was 19.2%, with males at 18.7% and females at 19.7%. The analysis indicated a decreasing trend in CVD mortality in Turkey from 2013 to 2022. However, this decrease was not statistically significant (APC=1.9, 95% CI: -0.8; 4.3, p=0.123). The decline was more pronounced in females (APC=2.4, 95% CI: -0.7; 4.9, p=0.121) compared to males (APC=1.2, 95% CI: -1.3; 3.8, p=0.2351). Comparatively, the latest available data underscore significant disparities in cerebrovascular disease mortality across European regions. Western Europe had the lowest percentage of total deaths attributed to stroke, with 5.9% in males and 8.2% in females. In contrast, Eastern Europe recorded the highest percentages, with 11.6% in males and 17.5% in females. These disparities were reflected in Age-Standardized Mortality Rates (ASMRs), with Western Europe having the lowest ASMRs for stroke and Eastern Europe having the highest. Conclusion: While there have been global reductions in CVD mortality, Turkey has mirrored these declining trends, albeit at a lower rate than many European countries. The presented results emphasize the need for continual research and improved interventions targeting the observed inequalities in cerebrovascular disease mortality outcomes in Turkey. The regional and sex disparities highlighted necessitate targeted health policies and resource allocation to effectively mitigate cerebrovascular disease-related mortalities.","PeriodicalId":18486,"journal":{"name":"Medical Science and Discovery","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135196112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macroanatomical investigation of sciatic nerve in rat and quail as a model for experimental medical studies: A comparative study of anatomy","authors":"Erengül Boduç, Ertuğrul Allahverdi","doi":"10.36472/msd.v10i10.1052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36472/msd.v10i10.1052","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Sciatic nerve studies are still up-to-date from past to present. In recent years, rats and animals other than rats have been used for drugs to be developed to treat the sciatic nerve. This study aims to reveal the comparative anatomy of human, rat and quail and shed light on the experimental studies planned to be done. Material and Methods: 25 rats (Wistar Albino) and Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) in 10% formalin fixation were dissected for the sciatic nerve. In addition, to show the course of the sciatic nerve in humans, the sciatic nerve was dissected in a male cadaver. Results: In rat, the nerve length between the right and left sides is more significant than the nerve thickness between the right and left sides (p=0.025). A significant difference was found in the correlation graph between the sciatic nerve thickness on the right side and the sciatic nerve thickness on the left side in rats (p=0.006) and quails (p=0.008). Conclusion: Comparative anatomy studies are very valuable for the literature. In particular, the study of a topic such as the sciatic nerve, which is on the agenda, in various experimental animals brings the importance of examining these animals morphometrically. Anatomy of the experimental animals to be studied should also be well known in order to achieve the optimal correct data in the results of correct operation and drug administration.","PeriodicalId":18486,"journal":{"name":"Medical Science and Discovery","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135303803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biliary Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) Levels: The Role in Detection of Occult Hepatic Metastases in Colorectal Carcinoma","authors":"Sunay Şengezer, Fikret Aksoy","doi":"10.36472/msd.v10i10.1047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36472/msd.v10i10.1047","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is a major public health concern, often complicated by hepatic metastasis. Despite the widespread use of serum Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) for postoperative monitoring, early detection of hepatic metastasis remains elusive. This study aims to evaluate the prognostic significance of CEA levels in both peripheral blood and gallbladder bile for predicting hepatic metastasis in CRC patients, and to explore its potential utility for personalized treatment regimens. Materials and Methods: A prospective randomized study was conducted over three years, enrolling 31 participants, 21 of whom underwent curative operations for CRC. Preoperative and postoperative CEA levels were assessed with rigorous diagnostic imaging and histological examinations. Patients were stratified into groups based on liver metastasis, postoperative chemotherapy, and CEA levels in both blood and bile. Results: A statistically significant difference was found in biliary CEA levels between patients with (mean = 129.22 ng/ml) and without intraoperative liver metastasis (mean = 33.16 ng/ml), p-value = 0.01. Serum and biliary CEA levels were robustly correlated, p > 0.05. Biliary CEA values differed significantly across Duke's stages, with particular significance between the control group and Duke's stage D (p < 0.001). Among patients without intraoperative liver metastasis but with biliary CEA >10 ng/ml, 80% developed liver metastasis postoperatively despite undergoing chemotherapy. Conclusion: This research highlights the pivotal role of biliary CEA levels in diagnosing latent hepatic metastases in colorectal cancer. Demonstrating superior sensitivity compared to traditional serum tests, biliary CEA presents a potential shift in early detection. Elevated levels suggest expanded therapeutic options, from timely hepatectomies to adopting radiofrequency ablation and anti-CEA monoclonal antibodies, enhancing the likelihood of better patient outcomes. Essentially, these findings enhance our understanding of colorectal cancer, emphasizing the importance of personalized care, early diagnosis, and customized treatments, thereby directing us toward better patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":18486,"journal":{"name":"Medical Science and Discovery","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135303961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Relationship Between Peak Growth Hormone Response to Growth Hormone Stimulation Tests and Body Mass Index","authors":"Eren Er, Ferda Evin","doi":"10.36472/msd.v10i10.1053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36472/msd.v10i10.1053","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: A contrary relationship between body mass index (BMI) and growth hormone (GH) secretion has been demonstrated in adults. BMI-specific cutoff levels are suggested for identifying growth hormone deficiency (GHD) in adulthood. However, specific values for BMI and growth hormone stimulation test responses in the childhood age group are not certain. In this research, our purpose was to investigate the relationship between GH peak response and BMI in children who underwent GHST with a pre-diagnosis of GHD. Material and Methods: This was a retrospective study of stimulative GH testing with clonidine and L-dopa performed in 150 children 2–18 year-old with short stature (< -2 SDS) in the Pediatric Endocrinology Unit at Bakırçay University Çiğli Training and Research Hospital from the years of 2018 to 2023. Anthropometric measurements, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-I) and IGFBP- 3 levels, especially peak-stimulated GH, were evaluated. Results: A total of 150 patients [98 boys (65.3%) and 52 girls (34.7%)] were included in the study. The mean age of the individuals during testing was 10.26 ± 3.37 years, mean height standard deviation score (SDS) was -2.64 ± 0.89, mean weight SDS was -1.85 ± 1.01 and mean body mass index (BMI) SDS was -0.47 ± 1.07. Ninety-two of the patients (63%) were prepubertal. The mean value for maximum growth hormone serum level (GHmax) clonidine collected during the growth hormone stimulation test was 4.46 ± 2.83 ng/mL, while the mean value in L-dopa test was 3.29 ± 2.57 ng/mL. There was no statistical distinction in terms of both test responses. The correlation between peak GH and BMI-SDS, in terms of clonidine and L-dopa tests, was significantly negative [β = -0.257 (p = 0.010), β = -0.283 (p = 0.004), respectively]. Age, gender and puberty were not significantly associated with peak GH value. In terms of L-dopa peak GH level, the GH level in group 4 (>1 SDS) was revealed to be statistically lower than that in group 1 (< -1 SDS), nevertheless, similar relationship was not detected for clonidine. Conclusion: In our study, a negative correlation was found between GHmax and BMI-SDS in terms of clonidine and L-dopa tests. Therefore, keeping BMI-SDS in mind when evaluating growth hormone stimulation tests performed in short children may be guiding. Still, future studies are needed to make it a determining factor when deciding on treatment.","PeriodicalId":18486,"journal":{"name":"Medical Science and Discovery","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135303962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy Devices in Thyroidectomy: A Safe and Effective Alternative to Conventional Methods","authors":"Tolga Onder, Merih Altiok","doi":"10.36472/msd.v10i10.1055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36472/msd.v10i10.1055","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The most feared complications of thyroid surgery, which is one of the most performed operations of endocrine surgery, are hoarseness due to recurrent nerve damage and hematoma formation in the neck. With the advancement of technology, the use of energy devices has increased during thyroid operations. However, there are different opinions about using energy devices during thyroid operations. Our study aimed to examine the reliability of energy use in thyroid operations. Material and Methods: The data of 144 patients who underwent thyroid surgery for various reasons were reviewed retrospectively. The patients were divided into 2 groups, those who used energy devices during the operation and those who were operated with the conventional method. Demographic data of the patients, duration of operation, complication rates were evaluated comparatively. Result: The majority of patients were women. It was observed that the operation time was shorter, and the amount of bleeding was less in the group in which the energy device was used (p≤0.001). It was determined that the duration of hospital stay of the patients was significantly longer in the conventional surgery group (p≤0.001). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of incision lengths. Likewise, there was no difference between the two groups in terms of complication development frequency. Postoperative verbal pain score was significantly higher in the group operated on by conventional method (p≤0.001). Conclusion: Energy devices can be used safely in thyroid surgery with less hospital stay, less postoperative pain levels, better bleeding control and complication rates similar to conventional surgery.","PeriodicalId":18486,"journal":{"name":"Medical Science and Discovery","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135303801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of traditional methods applied by mothers in infant care: A comparison between Turkish and Lebanese mothers.","authors":"Nevin Cambaz Kurt, Ayten Güner Atayoğlu, Wassim Bekraki, Habip Balsak, Ali Timuçin Atayoğlu","doi":"10.36472/msd.v10i10.1051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36472/msd.v10i10.1051","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Traditional practices for infants vary across communities and may sometimes pose risks to infant health. Healthcare professionals must be aware of these practices during infant- child visits. This study aims to investigate the traditional practices of Turkish and Lebanese mothers on infants, explore the relationship between these practices and compare the similarities and differences between the two cultures. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey involving Turkish and Lebanese mothers living in Istanbul. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews using a questionnaire inquiring about sociodemographic information about the family, general information about the baby, and traditional practices performed by the mothers. Statistically, Pearson's chi-square test, Fisher's Exact test, and independent t-test were applied. Results: The study included 382 mothers, comprising 200 who were Turkish and 182 who were Lebanese. In both groups, the proportion of mothers who received information about infant care was approximately 90%. The most common source of information was the internet in both groups, 35% (63) of Turkish and 53.2% (92) of Lebanese mothers used the internet as a source of information. The second source of data used for baby care were the family elders in the Lebanese mothers (28%), and the health personnel in the Turkish mothers (24%). Turkish mothers practised celebrating the fortieth day, salting, using amber necklaces for teething, and giving pacifiers more frequently than Lebanese mothers. In the case of jaundice, Turkish mothers frequently breastfeed, while Lebanese mothers consult a doctor. The use of potentially risky practices is rare in both groups. No significant relationship was found between maternal education levels and the use of traditional practices. Conclusion: This study highlights the widespread use of traditional practices among both Turkish and Lebanese mothers during child-rearing. The study's results could inform health strategies to reduce the prevalence of potentially risky traditional practices among mothers and promote adopting safe, evidence-based child-rearing practices.","PeriodicalId":18486,"journal":{"name":"Medical Science and Discovery","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135482954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between the Presence of Distal Collateral Lymphatic Flows and Obesity in Patients with Bilateral Lower Extremity Edema","authors":"Sule Ceylan","doi":"10.36472/msd.v10i10.1049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36472/msd.v10i10.1049","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to comprehensively assess radionuclide imaging findings to aid in the clinical diagnosis of early-stage lower extremity lymphedema. Methods: Our retrospective study included 135 patients who underwent lymphoscintigraphy for bilateral lower extremity edema (BLEE) between 2017 and 2022. Of these patients, 117 (86.7%) were female. Lymphoscintigraphic images were acquired at the 10th, 40th, and 2nd hours post-injection of radiopharmaceuticals. Bilateral lower extremity lymphatic congestion (MLC) was observed in the 2nd-hour images of radionuclide imaging (RI), with an associated accumulation of activity in the inguinal lymph nodes. All patients presented with lower extremity edema. Results: Among our patients, 55 (40.7%) were classified as obese. Bilateral distal collateral flows (BDCF) were identified in 60 (44.4%) of our patients, all of whom were female. Within this group, 13 (21.7%) were obese, and 11 (18.3%) exhibited distal and direct muscle lymphatic congestion (DDMLC). DDMLC was present in 63 (46.7%) patients. Unilateral distal collateral flow (UDCF) was detected in 75 (55.6%) of the patients with BLEE, with 67 (89.3%) of them being obese. Obese patients exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of both UDCF and DDMLC (p: 0.0005). Detailed results can be found in Table 1-4 and Figures 3 and 4. Conclusion: Functional bilateral radionuclide imaging methods provide valuable data for physicians, enabling bilateral and comparative assessments. However, particular attention should be paid to the interpretation of asymmetric images, especially in specific patient groups.","PeriodicalId":18486,"journal":{"name":"Medical Science and Discovery","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135482316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}