Medical Science and Discovery最新文献

{"title":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Patients with Multinodular Vacuolating Neuronal Tumors","authors":"Şahap Törenek, Ezel Yaltırık Bilgin, Özkan Ünal, A. Batur, Banu Topçu Çakır, Y. Bükte, Ömer Önbaş","doi":"10.36472/msd.v11i8.1177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36472/msd.v11i8.1177","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Multinodular vacuolating neuronal tumor (MVNT) is a rare entity that radiologists should recognize based on its unique imaging characteristics. We aimed to present the imaging findings of 26 patients diagnosed with MVNT.\u0000Materials and Methods: The brain MRI findings of 26 patients with a pre-diagnosis of multinodular vacuolating neuronal tumor (MVNT) were retrospectively evaluated across five centers. Conventional MRI sequences were used for all patients. Additionally, diffusion MRI images were obtained for 25 patients, and contrast-enhanced sequences were performed on 19 patients.\u0000Results: The mean age of the patients was 39.7 years. The lesion was located in the cerebrum in 25 patients (96.15%) and in the cerebellum in 1 patient (3.85%). When classified by location, the most common site was the left frontal lobe, observed in 6 patients (23.07%). In 1 patient (3.85%), the lesion was located in the left cerebellum, classified as MVNT/MV PLUS. The long axis of the lesion was measured in the axial plane, with an average size of 18.6 mm. On T1-weighted images (T1W), the lesion was isointense in 23 patients (88.46%) and hypointense in 3 patients (11.54%). On T2-weighted (T2W) and FLAIR sequences, the lesion was hyperintense in all patients. Diffusion-weighted images were obtained in 25 patients; on b1000 sequences, the lesion was hyperintense in 20 patients (80%), isointense in 4 patients (16%), and hypointense in 1 patient (4%). Contrast-enhanced sequences were acquired in 19 patients, with no enhancement observed in any case.\u0000Conclusion: Conventional MRI is the primary imaging modality for diagnosing multinodular vacuolating neuronal tumor (MVNT), as its imaging features are characteristic. In addition to these features, diffusion imaging may aid in the diagnosis of MVNT.","PeriodicalId":18486,"journal":{"name":"Medical Science and Discovery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141925525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complicated Thoracic Hydatidosis","authors":"F. Haouassia, K. Chaanoun, N. Zaghba, H. Benjelloun, N. Yassine","doi":"10.36472/msd.v11i6.1167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36472/msd.v11i6.1167","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Thoracic hydatid cysts represent a significant clinical challenge, particularly in endemic regions like Morocco. This retrospective study conducted at Ibn Rochd University Hospital in Casablanca aimed to elucidate the clinical characteristics, management strategies, and outcomes of 63 patients with complicated thoracic hydatid cysts. Results revealed a predominance of rural background among patients, with a mean age of 42 years. Clinical presentations varied, with common symptoms including hydatid coughing and complications such as bronchial and pleural rupture. Radiological investigations, including chest X-rays and computed tomography scans, demonstrated typical features of thoracic hydatid cysts. Treatment modalities comprised surgical intervention and medical management, with favorable outcomes observed in most cases. Discussion encompasses the endemic nature of thoracic hydatidosis, radiological appearances, complications, and challenges in management. Emphasis is placed on the importance of comprehensive approaches, including surgical techniques, medical therapy, and preventive measures, in addressing this formidable pathology. The findings underscore the need for continued research and public health initiatives to optimize the management and prevention of thoracic hydatid cysts.","PeriodicalId":18486,"journal":{"name":"Medical Science and Discovery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141349664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing Bacterial Colonization in Pilonidal Sinus Abscesses: Insights from 159 Clinical Evaluations","authors":"M. Torun, I. Subaşı","doi":"10.36472/msd.v11i6.1152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36472/msd.v11i6.1152","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the gender predisposition, risk factors, clinical outcomes, and microbiological profile of patients with pilonidal sinus disease (PSD) and to compare these findings with existing literature.\u0000Materials and Methods: A prospective analysis was conducted on 159 patients diagnosed with PSD at Haydarpasa Numune Hospital between 2022 and 2023. Demographic data, BMI, smoking status, presence of diabetes, and treatment outcomes were collected. Pathogens isolated from abscesses and antibiotic treatments were analyzed, and recurrence rates were documented post-treatment.\u0000Results: The study cohort had a mean age of 26.0±9.8 years, predominantly male (71.1%). Significant differences in mean age and body mass index were observed between females (n=46) and males (n=113), with females averaging 21.6 years and males 27.8 years (p<0.001), and BMI values of 22.06 and 24.33, respectively (p=0.003). Anaerobic bacteria were slightly more prevalent in abscess cultures (50.9%), and the most commonly used antibiotic regimen was ciprofloxacin with metronidazole (54.7%).\u0000Conclusion: This study confirms a male gender predisposition to PSD and highlights significant age and BMI differences between genders. Specific antibiotic therapies may contribute to reducing relapse rates. These findings underscore the importance of targeted therapeutic strategies, particularly considering the higher recurrence rates in females and the predominant antibiotic resistance patterns.","PeriodicalId":18486,"journal":{"name":"Medical Science and Discovery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141367456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Ranibizumab in the Treatment of Macular Edema Secondary to Retinal Vein Occlusion","authors":"Zehra Tunçbilek, Bedriye Nur Ayrancıoğlu, Ayşe Feyza Önder","doi":"10.36472/msd.v11i5.1153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36472/msd.v11i5.1153","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO), a major cause of vision loss, is a significant ocular health concern. The frequency of macular edema due to BRVO is a critical area of study because of its profound impact on patient quality of life. This study investigated the effectiveness of ranibizumab, a monoclonal antibody fragment and VEGF inhibitor, in the treatment of macular edema in patients with BRVO.\u0000Material and Methods: Twelve patients (12 eyes) diagnosed with macular edema secondary to BRVO were included in this study. Patients were selected on the basis of specific visual acuity and macular thickness criteria, excluding those with other ocular conditions or systemic diseases. 0.05 milligrams of ranibizumab was administered intravitreally to each patient. Ophthalmological assessments were conducted both before and after the injection and at 1, 2, 3, and 6-month intervals following medication administration.\u0000Results: The average follow-up duration was 5.5±1.16 months (ranging from 2 to 6 months). The average central macular thickness before the injection was 542.66±191.44 µm, which decreased to 320.50±101.44 µm at 1-month post-injection, 283.66±125.01 µm at 2 months, 299.40±91.52 µm at 3 months, and 260.90±144.97 µm at 6 months. The reduction in central macular thickness at all time points was statistically significant (p<0.01). The mean Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) letter score was 55.83±23.91 before the injection and improved to 71.25±17.07 at 1 month, 74.33±15.97 at 2 months, 66.7±21.60 at 3 months, and 71.2±17.38 at 6 months post-injection. The increase in visual acuity at 1, 2, 3, and 6 months after the injection was statistically significant compared to the pre-injection ETDRS letter scores (p<0.05). An improvement of two or more lines in visual acuity was observed in 58.3% of cases at 1 month, 58.3% at 2 months, 50% at 3 months, and 80% at 6 months (one line equivalent to five letters).\u0000Conclusion: Intravitreal Ranibizumab injections have been found to be effective and reliable in the early stages of treating macular edema due to branch retinal vein occlusion.","PeriodicalId":18486,"journal":{"name":"Medical Science and Discovery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141119075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Osteopontin and NGAL in Differential Diagnosis of Acute Exacerbations of COPD and Pneumonia","authors":"Selda Günaydın, T. Özlü, S. Özsu, Asım Örem","doi":"10.36472/msd.v11i5.1156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36472/msd.v11i5.1156","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diesase (COPD) is an inflammatory lung disease that progresses with attacks. Pneumonia is an infectious lung disease that progresses with lung infiltrations. Osteopontin (OP) is a cytokine which participates in inflammation. Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) is an antimicrobial peptide with neutrophil activation and antibacterial properties. In this study, serum OP and NGAL levels were assayed in COPD exacerbation, stabile COPD and pneumonia. The aim of our study is to assess the importance of NGAL and OP levels as biomarkers in the differential diagnosis of COPD and pneumonia.\u0000Material and Methods: One hundred twenty consecutive patients who were admitted to our department between May 2011 and August 2013 were included in the study. Serum OP and NGAL levels were measured with ELISA method within 24 hours following the determination of diagnosis. COPD acute exacerbation (AE-COPD) group was comprised of 95 patients (87 male and mean age 69.0±10.6), and the pneumonia group was comprised of 25 patients (16 male and mean age 57.5±22.9). Serum OP and NGAL levels of the patients in the AE-COPD group were re-measured within 30-45 days following acute exacerbation in stabile period.\u0000Results: Serum OP levels were higher in the pneumonia group compared to the AE-COPD group (93.47 ng/ml vs 53.10 ng/ml; p<0.001). Multivariate regression analyses indicated that OP levels to be >84 ng/ml is an independent predictor that increases risk for pneumonia more than 8-fold (95% CI, 2.43-26.59). Sensitivity and specificity of OP in the differentiation of pneumonias from AE-COPD were determined to 80% and 92%, respectively. Serum NGAL levels also increased as COPD severity increased and was found to be statistically significant (p: 0.032).\u0000Conclusion: It has been indicated that serum osteopontin level can be an independent predictor in differentiating COPD exacerbation from pneumonia. Additionally, as COPD severity (stage) increases, serum NGAL levels also increase, which may be helpful in assessing the severity of COPD.","PeriodicalId":18486,"journal":{"name":"Medical Science and Discovery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141127085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Endostatin Levels in Some Rat Tissues in Response to Cold Stress and Diet","authors":"Filiz Coban, M. Yurekli","doi":"10.36472/msd.v11i3.1117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36472/msd.v11i3.1117","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Obesity, the disease of our age, is a condition that occurs when there is an excess of fat tissue in the body. It is not merely a concern about weight gain, but rather a medical issue that elevates the risk of various diseases including heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, and certain cancers. This study aimed to explore the impact of a high-fat diet under normal conditions and cold stress, as well as the influence of propolis as a dietary supplement, on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endostatin levels in rats fed with propolis. \u0000Material and Methods: Thirty-six 3-month-old female Wistar rats (6 rats in each group) sourced from Inonu University Experimental Animal Production and Research Center were utilized for the study. Propolis was administered by gavage, dissolved in water, at a dosage of 2 mL per day for two weeks.\u0000Results: The group exhibiting at least a 20% increase in weight due to high-fat diet consumption was categorized as the obese group. Tissues including heart, liver, lung, brown adipose, and white adipose tissues were procured from the obese, propolis-treated, and control groups. Endostatin and vascular endothelial growth factor levels were assessed in the tissues using the ELISA method. The study revealed an elevation in VEGF levels in brown adipose tissue in both cold stress and propolis treatment groups, accompanied by a reduction in white adipose tissue compared to the control group. Additionally, VEGF levels displayed a general increase in lung, liver, and heart tissues. Conversely, endostatin levels, an antiangiogenic factor, decreased in brown adipose tissue while increasing in white adipose tissue. In liver, lung, and heart tissues, endostatin levels exhibited a general decrease.\u0000Conclusion: The findings suggest that both cold stress and propolis treatment influence VEGF and endostatin levels in various rat tissues, indicating potential implications for obesity-related conditions and angiogenesis regulation.","PeriodicalId":18486,"journal":{"name":"Medical Science and Discovery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140081244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics and Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Stroke in COVID-19 Patients","authors":"Saltanat Mert, Dila Zafer, Ibrahim Acir, Çağrı Erdim, Murat Çabalar","doi":"10.36472/msd.v11i1.1115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36472/msd.v11i1.1115","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-like coronaviruses (SARS-CoV-2). Although the respiratory system is mainly affected, multiple organ systems like the central nervous system (CNS) might be complicated by COVID-19. Stroke is one of the most common complications of COVID-19. In the literature, the symptoms and effects of COVID-19 on stroke have been reported but potential reasons and results remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to determine whether COVID-19 plays a role in stroke and affects the prevalence of stroke and mortality by investigating blood parameters, day of stroke after COVID-19, death status, and infarct volume.\u0000Methods: In this cross-sectional clinical research, 74 individuals participated. Twenty-two patients were COVID-19 cases without stroke; thirty participants were patients with COVID-19 and stroke, while twenty-two were cases of non-COVID-19 and stroke. Data were collected from a single center, Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital and were presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD).\u0000Results: There was a statistically significant relationship among the age, D-dimer, INR, and lymphocyte values of the living group compared to those of the exitus group. The association between death and COVID-19 status was found to be statistically significant, indicating that the number of deaths in the COVID-19 and stroke group was higher than in the only stroke group (i.e., non-COVID-19 cases). No statistically significant relationship was observed between the alive and exitus groups in terms of the volume of infarction.\u0000Conclusions: This study comprehensively evaluated the relationship between COVID-19, stroke, and mortality. Given the relatively limited number of cases in this study, further investigation is needed to elucidate the connection among COVID-19, neurological complications of the disease, and mortality. In the meantime, the results of this study contribute to the understanding of the relationship between COVID-19, neurological complications, and mortality, providing additional valuable data to the existing literature.","PeriodicalId":18486,"journal":{"name":"Medical Science and Discovery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139623513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Left Ventricular Hemodynamics with Noninvasive Methods in Cases of Iron Deficiency","authors":"Sule Ceylan","doi":"10.36472/msd.v11i1.1110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36472/msd.v11i1.1110","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of iron deficiency on stress ejection fraction by assessing the change in left ventricular ejection fraction during maximum exercise in individuals with iron deficiency.\u0000Material and Methods: In this retrospective study, 212 patients, presenting with atypical chest pain and undergoing exercise gated myocardial perfusion scintigraphy, were included. Of the patients, 171 (80.7%) were female, with an average age of 50 (37-59) years. Patients were categorized into two groups: those with iron deficiency and those without. All patients exercised for a minimum of 6 minutes, reaching at least 85% of their maximum heart rate (220 - age). Hemogram, iron binding capacity, and serum ferritin values were recorded for all participants. In our study, SF less than 100 µg/L and TSAT less than 20% were considered low.\u0000Results: There was no significant difference in age and gender between the groups with and without iron deficiency (p: 0.758, p: 0.658). Echocardiography-calculated ejection fraction values were 66 (55-72). Rest ejection fraction obtained by force gated myocardial perfusion scintigraphy was 64 (52-70), and post-stress ejection fraction was calculated as 58 (50-69). The rate of decrease in post-stress EF compared to rest EF was calculated as 7.40% (7.81-19.12) in all patients. Echo, rest, and post-stress EF values in group 2 were significantly lower than those in group 1 (p: 0.003, 0.028, 0.0005, respectively). The rate of decrease in post-stress EF between the two groups was significantly higher in group 2 (p: 0.0005).\u0000Conclusion: While decreased iron stores and the presence of an iron deficiency state may be well-tolerated during daily activities, maximal exercise can exacerbate the condition if iron deficiency is underlying and undiagnosed. Early diagnosis of iron deficiency, common in society, before the onset of anemia, and prompt treatment are crucial for public health.","PeriodicalId":18486,"journal":{"name":"Medical Science and Discovery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139627807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic accuracy of ankle-brachial index measurement in peripheral Arterial disease in TurkishAdults: A comparison with angiography","authors":"Tolga Doğan, İlker Taşçı, U. Bozlar, Birol Yıldız, Cengizhan Açıkel, S. Sayın, Celalettin Günay, Erol Arslan, Kenan Sağlam","doi":"10.36472/msd.v10i12.1074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36472/msd.v10i12.1074","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aims to assess the sensitivity and specificity of ankle-brachial index (ABI) measurements in diagnosing peripheral artery disease (PAD) among a cohort of Turkish subjects, with angiography serving as the reference standard.\u0000Material and Methods: In this single-center, cross-sectional and observational study, subjects who had an aorta and lower extremity arterial imaging by angiography subsequently underwent an ABI measurement. Anthropometric measurements, cardiovascular risk factors, and blood biochemistry data were recorded. Sensitivity and specificity analyses were performed for a low ankle-brachial index (ABI ≤ 0.9), with angiography as the reference standard.\u0000Results: A total of 57 patients (age: 59.1±15.9, male/female: 47/10) were included. Diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease and cerebrovascular disease were present in 40.4%, 42.1% and 15.8% of the participants, respectively. Three or more cardiovascular risk factors were present in 54.4%. The angiographic diagnostic method was computed tomography angiography in 57.9%, digital subtraction angiography in 38.6%, and magnetic resonance angiography in 3.5% of the subjects. The presence of PAD on angiography was documented in 55 of 57 participants. The calculated mean ABI value was 0.6±0.2 in the overall group, and a low ABI (≤0.9) was found by 82.5% (n = 47). Compared to angiography, the low ankle-brachial index (ABI) test demonstrated a sensitivity of 83.6% and a specificity of 50%. The positive predictive value of 97.9% was calculated. When an ABI≤0.95 was used as the diagnostic threshold, the sensitivity of the ABI test increased to 90.9%.\u0000Conclusion: Our study confirms the reliability of ABI measurements as a diagnostic method for lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) when compared to angiographic techniques, the gold standard. Establishing a higher cut-off value (≤0.95) may enhance the diagnostic performance of the test in Turkish patients.","PeriodicalId":18486,"journal":{"name":"Medical Science and Discovery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138967748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Rare Manifestation Of Primary Sjogren’s Syndrome With Pyoderma Gangrenosum : Case Report","authors":"Merve Nalbant","doi":"10.36472/msd.v10i12.1102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36472/msd.v10i12.1102","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Sjögren’s Syndrome (SjS) is a systemic autoimmune disease typically presenting with sicca symptoms. However, a limited number of case reports in the literature have described rare initial presentations with pyoderma gangrenosum (PG). This report aims to underscore this infrequent association between PG and SjS by presenting another illustrative case.\u0000Case: This case report elucidates the diagnosis and treatment of primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS), focusing on the ulcerated lesion that manifested on the leg of a 54-year-old female patient with no underlying health conditions. The findings are discussed in the context of the existing literature.\u0000Discussion: SjS is a multisystemic autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocyte infiltration and damage to tissues, especially exocrine glands. Although sicca symptoms are typically the initial clinical findings, PG can rarely manifest as the primary symptom, presenting as an ulcerative skin lesion predominantly located on the lower extremities. There is currently no standard treatment recommendation in the existing guidelines for this rare condition.\u0000Conclusion: The co-occurrence of PG and SjS is uncommon, yet it may serve as a warning for associated systemic diseases, such as SjS. Treatment may involve a combination of corticosteroids and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs).","PeriodicalId":18486,"journal":{"name":"Medical Science and Discovery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139000690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}