MethodsX最新文献

{"title":"Persistent free radicals in leaves as a stable standard for quantifying free radicals","authors":"Eric P. Vejerano,&nbsp;Khushboo Khushboo,&nbsp;Juan Vejerano","doi":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103302","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103302","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explored plant‐derived biogenic persistent free radicals (BPFRs) in crape myrtle leaves as an alternative standard to 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) for quantifying organic radicals. Conventional methods rely on DPPH as a standard but are prone to degradation due to light, temperature, and humidity fluctuations. We performed electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements on both DPPH and leaf samples at various masses, temperatures (22 °C and 35 °C), and relative humidity (∼100 % RH) to evaluate radical stability. We observed consistent linear responses with increasing sample mass for crape myrtle leaves, similar to the behavior of DPPH. However, the BPFRs remained more stable under high temperature and humidity over seven days, retaining most of their radical signals compared to DPPH. The g‐factor of crape myrtle leaves remained nearly constant, indicating no significant alteration in the paramagnetic center. The peak‐to‐peak linewidth varied slightly, reflecting minor environmental and sample preparation differences. These findings suggest that BPFRs in plant tissue are more robust standards. Implementing leaf‐derived radicals as calibration references may enhance reproducibility in free radical quantification, reduce artifacts from DPPH degradation, and support broader environmental or biological applications.<ul><li><span>•</span><span><div>BPFRs in crape myrtle leaves exhibited excellent stability under elevated temperatures and humidity compared to DPPH, maintaining their radical signals over seven days.</div></span></li><li><span>•</span><span><div>BPFRs demonstrated a consistent linear response with increasing sample mass, similar to DPPH, making them a viable alternative for free radical quantification.</div></span></li><li><span>•</span><span><div>Using leaf-derived radicals as calibration standards may enhance reproducibility in free radical quantification and mitigate artifacts from the degradation of DPPH.</div></span></li></ul></div></div>","PeriodicalId":18446,"journal":{"name":"MethodsX","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 103302"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A design science approach to mixed-methods evaluation in serious game research","authors":"Luis Demetrio Gómez García,&nbsp;Gloria María Zambrano Aranda,&nbsp;Emerson Jesus Toledo Concha","doi":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103299","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103299","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For a serious game to be effective, it must undergo rigorous validation process. A Design Science approach advocates the use of quantitative or qualitative research methodologies within the creation and validation of artifacts, an approach suitable for evaluating serious games as educational tools.</div><div>This study presents a methodological framework that integrates quantitative measurement and qualitative inquiry to assess the effectiveness of a serious game designed for ethics education. We provide access to the quantitative questionnaire, its codebook, and the dataset generated during the validation of the authors’ approach using a serious game for teaching business ethics.</div><div>The integration of both methods allowed us to validate the game as a relevant and effective strategy for promoting ethical reflection among university students. These findings support the consistency and reliability of the method used for validating serious games.</div><div>Methodological Highlights<ul><li><span>•</span><span><div>The quantitative assessment is based on the Technology Acceptance Model III (TAM III) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB).</div></span></li><li><span>•</span><span><div>Qualitative inquiry analyzes students’ group work to understand their perceptions of ethical phenomena after gameplay.</div></span></li><li><span>•</span><span><div>Professors can use insights from students' perceptions as a starting point or framework for takeaways in future game applications.</div></span></li></ul></div></div>","PeriodicalId":18446,"journal":{"name":"MethodsX","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 103299"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143783147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Grey wolf optimization technique with U-shaped and capsule networks-A novel framework for glaucoma diagnosis","authors":"Govindharaj I ,&nbsp;Ramesh T ,&nbsp;Poongodai A ,&nbsp;Senthilkumar K. P ,&nbsp;Udayasankaran P ,&nbsp;Ravichandran S","doi":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103285","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103285","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The worldwide prevalence of glaucoma makes it a major reason for blindness thus proper early diagnosis remains essential for preventing major vision deterioration. Current glaucoma screening methods that need expert handling prove to be time-intensive and complicated before yielding appropriate diagnosis and treatment. Our system addresses these difficulties through an automated glaucoma screening platform which combines advanced segmentation methods with classification approaches. A hybrid segmentation method combines Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm with U-Shaped Networks to obtain precise extraction of the optic disc regions in retinal fundus images. Through GWOA the network achieves optimal segmentation by adopting wolf-inspired behaviors such as circular and jumping movements to identify diverse image textures. The glaucoma classification depends on CapsNet as a deep learning model that provides exceptional image detection to ensure precise diagnosis. The combination of our method delivers 96.01 % segmentation together with classification precision which outstrips traditional approaches while indicating strong capabilities for discovering glaucoma at early stages. This automated diagnosis system elevates clinical accuracy levels through an automated screening method that solves manual process limitations. The detection framework produces better accuracy to improve clinical results in a strong effort to minimize glaucoma-induced blindness worldwide and display its capabilities in real clinical environments.<ul><li><span>•</span><span><div>Hybrid GWOA-UNet++ for precise optic disc segmentation.</div></span></li><li><span>•</span><span><div>CapsNet-based classification for robust glaucoma detection.</div></span></li><li><span>•</span><span><div>Achieved 96.01 % accuracy, surpassing existing methods.</div></span></li></ul></div></div>","PeriodicalId":18446,"journal":{"name":"MethodsX","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 103285"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143746798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative IoT-enabled mask detection system: A hybrid deep learning approach for public health applications","authors":"Parul Dubey ,&nbsp;Vinay Keswani ,&nbsp;Pushkar Dubey ,&nbsp;Gunjan Keswani ,&nbsp;Dhananjay Bhagat","doi":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103291","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103291","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The integration of IoT and deep learning has revolutionized real-time monitoring systems, particularly in public health applications such as face mask detection. With increasing public reliance on these technologies, robust and efficient frameworks are critical for ensuring compliance with health measures. Existing models, on the other hand, often have problems, such as being slow to compute, not being able to work well in a wide range of environments, and not being able to adapt well to IoT devices with limited resources. These shortcomings highlight the need for an optimized and scalable solution. To address these issues, this study utilizes three datasets: the Kaggle Face Mask Dataset, the Public Places Dataset, and the Public Videos Dataset, encompassing varied environmental conditions and use cases. The proposed framework integrates ResNet50 and MobileNetV2 architectures, optimized using the Adaptive Flame-Sailfish Optimization (AFSO) algorithm. This hybrid approach enhances detection accuracy and computational efficiency, making it suitable for real-time deployment. The novelty of the paper lies in combining AFSO with a hybrid deep learning architecture for parameter optimization and improved scalability. Performance metrics such as accuracy, sensitivity, precision, and F1-score were used to evaluate the model. The proposed framework achieved an accuracy of 97.8 % on the Kaggle dataset, significantly outperforming baseline models and demonstrating its robustness and efficiency for IoT-enabled face mask detection systems.<ul><li><span>•</span><span><div>The article introduces a novel hybrid framework that combines ResNet50 and MobileNetV2 architectures optimized with Adaptive Flame-Sailfish Optimization (AFSO).</div></span></li><li><span>•</span><span><div>The system demonstrates superior performance, achieving 97.8 % accuracy on the Kaggle dataset, with improved efficiency for IoT-based real-time applications.</div></span></li><li><span>•</span><span><div>Validates the framework's robustness and scalability across diverse datasets, addressing computational and environmental challenges.</div></span></li></ul></div></div>","PeriodicalId":18446,"journal":{"name":"MethodsX","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 103291"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simplified synthesis of oxidized phospholipids on alkyl-amide scaffold","authors":"Olga V. Oskolkova ,&nbsp;Bernd Gesslbauer ,&nbsp;Valery Bochkov","doi":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103288","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103288","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oxidized phospholipids (OxPLs), containing oxidized fatty acids (oxylipins), play a significant role in various diseases. However, studying the structure-activity relationships of OxPLs and their signaling mechanisms is challenging due to the complexity of the chemical synthesis of structurally distinct lipid species. In this study, we aimed to develop a method for attaching free oxylipins to a lysophospholipid to form OxPLs. We hypothesized that oxylipins could be conjugated to PLs <em>via</em> a known chemical reaction between activated esters of carboxylic acids and amino groups. The carboxyl groups of oxylipins were activated using N-hydroxysuccinimide and a coupling reagent, then conjugated to a lyso-phosphatidylcholine containing NH₂-groupd at <em>sn</em>-2 position, forming amide bonds. All reactions were performed under mild conditions and demonstrated high yields. To prevent acyl migration, the <em>sn</em>-1 position of PLs was modified with an alkyl residue linked <em>via</em> an ether bond. Several oxylipin-containing PLs were successfully synthesized, isolated, and characterized. The anti-TLR4 and endothelial barrier-protective activities of these alkyl-amide OxPLs were found to be equivalent to diacyl-OxPLs. This method enables efficient synthesis of modified OxPLs for biological testing. The combination of ether and amide bonds enhances biological stability and simplifies effect analysis.<ul><li><span>•</span><span><div>The method describes the preparation of a single precursor for multiple choline PLs, specifically 2-deoxy-2-amino-1-lyso-<em>sn</em>-3-glycerophosphocholine, followed by the attachment of oxylipins to it.</div></span></li><li><span>•</span><span><div>No protection-deprotection steps are needed for oxylipins for the synthesis of phosphatidylcholines.</div></span></li><li><span>•</span><span><div>Isolation of compounds is performed using fast liquid-liquid and solid-phase extractions.</div></span></li></ul></div></div>","PeriodicalId":18446,"journal":{"name":"MethodsX","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 103288"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143734626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved Setup for Decolourization Experiments with Granular and Powdered Adsorbent Materials Using UV-VIS Flow-through Cells","authors":"Martin Behringer ,&nbsp;Harald Hilbig ,&nbsp;Brigitte Helmreich ,&nbsp;Alisa Machner","doi":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103289","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103289","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Textile wastewater treatment poses global challenges due to complex and costly processes, particularly in the adsorption-based decolourization step. Existing experimental methodologies for adsorption suffer from inconsistencies, hindering comparability across studies. To address this, we developed a universal setup integrating conventional adsorption methods with pharmaceutical dissolution techniques. This approach provides continuous UV-VIS monitoring of adsorption processes without external filtration, which is suitable for both fine powders (∼microns) and granular particles (∼millimetres) and is applicable to both natural and synthetic adsorbents. Case studies conducted with powdered and granular adsorbents confirmed this method's robustness, reproducibility, and enhanced accuracy, allowing real-time, precise monitoring. Overall, this versatile approach significantly improves reliability in adsorption experiments, offering a broadly applicable solution for adsorption monitoring in wastewater treatment research.<ul><li><span>•</span><span><div>A versatile setup combining adsorption methods with flow-through UV-VIS spectrometry.</div></span></li><li><span>•</span><span><div>Enables continuous monitoring of decolourization without the need for external filtration.</div></span></li><li><span>•</span><span><div>Applicable to a wide range of adsorbent materials, from fine powders to granulates.</div></span></li></ul></div></div>","PeriodicalId":18446,"journal":{"name":"MethodsX","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 103289"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143734551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simple and accessible methods for quantifying isolated mucins for further evaluation","authors":"Hannah J. McIntire-Ray ,&nbsp;Elex S. Rose ,&nbsp;Stefanie Krick ,&nbsp;Jarrod W. Barnes","doi":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103267","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103267","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we present a detailed workflow for the isolation, quantitation, and evaluation of mucin proteins. These methods are applicable to a variety of biological, mucin-containing samples from the airways and other mucosal organ systems. While this report focuses on the salivary MUC5B protein from the respiratory system, the presented methodologies can be applied to other mucins, contributing to a broader application of these techniques. We used a simplified isopycnic centrifugation to purify and enrich MUC5B from human saliva. Isolated MUC5B was then subjected to a Bradford protein assay using a bovine submaxillary mucin (BSM) standard, which more accurately reflects the mucin concentration in our samples compared to a bovine serum albumin (BSA) standard. Additionally, we compare the mucin levels following quantitation using agarose polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Our findings show a near 2-fold increase in quantitation from the more representative, BSM standard, suggesting its importance for mucin studies. These methods support a wide range of experimental applications looking to assess mucins, thereby contributing to the broader field of mucin studies and advancing our understanding of the implications of mucins in health and disease.<ul><li><span>•</span><span><div>A streamlined, one-step isopycnic ultracentrifugation to isolate MUC5B from human saliva</div></span></li><li><span>•</span><span><div>A Mucin Bradford assay that is modified from existing Bradford assay techniques to better quantitate mucin for mucin studies</div></span></li><li><span>•</span><span><div>An agarose-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis method used to visualize and confirm the isolation and quantitation of mucin</div></span></li></ul></div></div>","PeriodicalId":18446,"journal":{"name":"MethodsX","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 103267"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143686067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring carbonate dissolution rates under well-controlled conditions for reactive CO2-water flow in a large lab-scale karst fracture imitate","authors":"Bettina Strauch ,&nbsp;Martin Zimmer ,&nbsp;Kai Wendel ,&nbsp;Leon Keim ,&nbsp;Holger Class","doi":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103271","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103271","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the carbonate dissolution dynamics in karstic systems by simulating reactive water flow under controlled large lab-scale laboratory conditions.</div><div>Using a 1 m² Jura limestone tile, the experiments focus on carbonate dissolution in fractures under variable parameters, including CO₂ concentration (0-100 %), fluid flow velocity 50-1000 ml/l) and fracture aperture (2-10 mm). This large lab-scale setup bridges the gap between field-scale phenomena and small-scale laboratory studies.</div><div>Preliminary tests confirmed the suitability of the limestone for dynamic experiments, in terms of measurable calcium release at different experimental modifications. A novel, adjustable polyoxymethylene (POM) frame ensures precise control of flow and reaction boundaries. Process water with no CO₂ addition, 50% CO₂-saturation and full CO₂-saturation were used, to gain insight into the dissolution efficiency at these CO₂-saturation levels. The results showed, that the effects of different CO₂ additions were well reflected in the limestone dissolution rates.</div><div>This setup provides important experimental data for the validation of numerical models for reactive transport in karst systems, to improve the understanding of the interplay between chemical reactions, fluid dynamics and geological settings.</div><div>The findings have implications for karst hydrology, geochemical modeling related subsurface processes, supporting advancements in predictive capabilities for natural and engineered systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18446,"journal":{"name":"MethodsX","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 103271"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143746799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A method for modifying carbonaceous materials with manganese carbonate to module the formation of singlet oxygen via activation with Peroxymonosulfate","authors":"Camila Mosquera-Olano ,&nbsp;Carolina Quimbaya ,&nbsp;Santiago López-Pérez ,&nbsp;Elkin Castellón-Castrillón ,&nbsp;Sandra Navarro ,&nbsp;John Rojas ,&nbsp;Jorge Acosta ,&nbsp;Ricardo A. Torres-Palma ,&nbsp;Yenny P. Ávila-Torres","doi":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103252","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103252","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This approach examines several agriculture wastes (shell coconut, pseudo-steam banana, potato) as precursors of carbonaceous materials to produce ¹O₂. The materials were modified with manganese carbonate at 800 °C and then, characterized using DLS (Dynamic Laser Scattering), BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) Method, and zeta potential. Subsequently, the materials were activated via-peroxymonosulfate (PMS, HSO₅), and a scavenger to evidence the singlet oxygen formation was used. Acetaminophen, sulphamethoxazole, and losartan were employed as the pharmaceutical targets, evaluating the effects of ROS (reactive oxygen species) in the acetaminophen degradation processes. The methodology of computational calculations was developed to obtain HOMO-LUMO for all systems of modified and unmodified materials in the presence of PMS and acetaminophen to understand both the adsorption and the carbocatalysis processes. This method allows an understanding of the presence of manganese carbonate in thermal synthesis, which determines the modulation of reactive oxygen species depending on the pH of the treatment. This method is significant as follows:<ul><li><span>•</span><span><div>Low-cost carbonaceous materials activated with PMS demonstrated significant efficiency in degrading organic molecules, utilizing singlet oxygen as the primary oxidant.</div></span></li><li><span>•</span><span><div>Theoretical computational approaches investigate the interaction between material and molecule.</div></span></li><li><span>•</span><span><div>The role of carbonate ions in influencing singlet oxygen production in materials derived from residual biomass was examined.</div></span></li></ul></div></div>","PeriodicalId":18446,"journal":{"name":"MethodsX","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 103252"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143685174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A simple method for generating long-term Holocene climate data with future climate projections from meteorological observation data","authors":"Jake Tuuli ,&nbsp;Andy J. Baird ,&nbsp;Dylan M. Young ,&nbsp;Andrew Duncan ,&nbsp;Roxane Andersen","doi":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103265","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103265","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Peatlands play a crucial role in global carbon storage, yet their resilience to climate change remains uncertain. This study presents a novel method for generating long-term (&gt;1000 years) site-specific climate data to drive peatland ecohydrological models. Using meteorological observations, we employ the Long Ashton Research Station Weather Generator (LARS-WG) to produce stochastic climate series for precipitation and temperature. The method integrates Holocene climate reconstructions from the EPOCH-2 database to simulate paleoclimate trends and interpolates climate projections based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP) from CMIP6 models. Finally, a time series of potential evapotranspiration is calculated using a modified version of the Thornthwaite equation. This approach ensures continuity in climate inputs for peatland modelling, aiding in the assessment of long-term climate impacts on carbon dynamics. Our method provides a replicable framework for other regions, supporting improved climate-driven peatland simulations.<ul><li><span>•</span><span><div>Long-term paleoclimate data with climate projections tailored to specific sites are scarcely available</div></span></li><li><span>•</span><span><div>This research outlines a simple method for generating climate series for driving ecosystem models</div></span></li><li><span>•</span><span><div>Uses open-source resources and databases that are applicable across Europe</div></span></li></ul></div></div>","PeriodicalId":18446,"journal":{"name":"MethodsX","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 103265"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}