MethodsX最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of inhibitory control and attentional bias through eye-tracking: A modified emotional stop-signal task","authors":"Gonçalo Barros,&nbsp;Filipa Ribeiro","doi":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103439","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103439","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by deficits in inhibitory control and attentional processes. The emotional nature of stimuli can significantly influence these cognitive processes, yet traditional paradigms assessing inhibitory responses, such as the Stop-Signal Task, typically neglect emotional stimuli. This limitation reduces their capacity to capture the cognitive impairments associated with OCD fully. To address this gap, we introduce the Modified Emotional Stop-Signal Task (MESST), a novel paradigm designed to concurrently evaluate inhibitory control and attentional biases through eye-tracking technology. MESST integrates emotionally evocative stimuli into a standard stop-signal framework, allowing simultaneous measurement of Stop-Signal Reaction Time (SSRT) and attentional metrics such as latency to first fixation and total dwell time. Additionally, participants complete validated psychological scales—the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), and Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory–Revised (OCI-R)—providing detailed characterization of impulsivity and anxiety traits. Suitable for normative and clinical populations, MESST facilitates the investigation of interactions between emotional processing, cognitive control, and attentional biases, thereby advancing our understanding of the cognitive-emotional mechanisms underlying OCD and related disorders.<ul><li><span>•</span><span><div>Integrates emotional stimuli into a standard inhibitory control paradigm.</div></span></li><li><span>•</span><span><div>Measures attentional processes concurrently via high-frequency eye-tracking.</div></span></li><li><span>•</span><span><div>Applicable to both clinical and non-clinical populations.</div></span></li></ul></div></div>","PeriodicalId":18446,"journal":{"name":"MethodsX","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 103439"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental sustainability assessment method for Moroccan residential buildings","authors":"Redouan Assadiki ,&nbsp;Gérard Merlin ,&nbsp;Catherine Buhé ,&nbsp;Hervé Boileau ,&nbsp;Fouzi Belmir","doi":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103438","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The method presented in this paper provides for the deployment of a sustainability assessment of residential buildings in local contexts in Morocco. The main purpose is to develop a description sheet for each criterion for 29 subcategories of the “Moroccan Building Sustainability Assessment Framework,” environmental dimension (MBSAF(Env)). Firstly, a set of indicators with possible measures was identified; then, we reviewed national standards and existing green building rating systems. Then, several discussions involving a panel of experts (e.g., engineers, academics) were conducted to consolidate the threshold assessment. The main purpose is scored using a rating scale-based sustainability assessment procedure that is specifically designed for the assessment of new and existing Moroccan residential buildings.<ul><li><span>•</span><span><div>MBSAF(Env) consoled risk management and adaptation of climate change indicators.</div></span></li><li><span>•</span><span><div>The framework provides an adaptability for new and existing residential buildings, taking the regionalization contexts of Morocco.</div></span></li><li><span>•</span><span><div>All criteria and indicator ratings are represented within a −1 to 5-point scale, and their thresholds are identified by national and international standards.</div></span></li></ul></div></div>","PeriodicalId":18446,"journal":{"name":"MethodsX","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 103438"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144471476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rainfall-runoff modeling of urban floods using GIS and HEC-HMS","authors":"Priyanka Sharad Jawale ,&nbsp;A.D. Thube","doi":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103437","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103437","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research centres on simulating rainfall-runoff behaviour within the urban areas of Wakad Watershed in PCMC, Maharashtra, India, with a strong focus on improving water resource planning and availability assessments. Reliable forecasting of water availability is essential for sustainable water management, yet it often suffers from data limitations. To address this, the study employs advanced rainfall-runoff modelling techniques to offer accurate insights into the watershed’s hydrological processes, aiding data-driven decision-making. The watershed was meticulously delineated using a 7 m accuracy high-resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM) coupled with 30 years of rainfall data from 1993 to 2023. GIS modelling in conjunction with HEC-HMS was carried out using the Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS-CN), SCS Unit Hydrograph (SCS-UH), and Muskingum routing techniques. These approaches effectively integrated rainfall and watershed morphology details like slope, land use, soil properties, and climatic conditions. The model’s accuracy in predictions was enhanced through model calibration. The coefficient of determination (R²) exhibited 4.14 % increment improvement being raised from 0.67 to 0.699. NASH improved 44.23 % to a value of 0.624 displaying a competitive model. The Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) reduction of 51.90 % corroborated the effectiveness of the calibration made. RMSE fell from 1.235 to 0.813, while If PBIAS shifted from 43.69 % to 25.70 %. In summary, the model results indicate that the model demonstrates reasonable accuracy in representing the hydrological behaviour of the Wakad Watershed and provides a basis for developing water management plans in proactive environments of urban expansion.</div><div><ul><li><span>•</span><span><div>Possessing highly detailed (7 m) DEM, as well as long term (30 years) precipitation data, allowed high-accuracy flood modelling alongside precise watershed characterization for the Wakad Watershed.</div></span></li><li><span>•</span><span><div>The combined application of GIS with the HEC-HMS modelling system, including SCS-CN, SCS-UH, and Muskingum methods, served as a robust framework for simulating urban floods and managing infrastructural development in rapidly evolving regions such as Wakad, PCMC.</div></span></li><li><span>•</span><span><div>Model calibration led to more accurate simulations with the tuned model achieving 44.23 % more Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency, 51.90 % less RMSE, 4.14 % increment in R² and 41.2 % less Percent Bias while demonstrating effective simulation of rainfall-runoff processes.</div></span></li></ul></div></div>","PeriodicalId":18446,"journal":{"name":"MethodsX","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 103437"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth and differentiation factors and their orthodontic implications: A scoping review","authors":"Crystal Runa Soans ,&nbsp;M.S. Ravi ,&nbsp;Monisha P Chelery ,&nbsp;Sujata Shirodkar ,&nbsp;Prachi Pundir ,&nbsp;Shradha S. Parsekar","doi":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103435","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103435","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Growth and differentiation factors (GDFs) are a class of biological mediators that play an important role to stimulate and regulate the wound healing process. Some of the GDFs are known to play a role in orthodontics.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To map the evidence related to GDFs in orthodontics and to identify the role of GDFs in craniofacial morphogenesis, periodontal remodeling and orthodontic tooth movement.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We have planned a scoping review to achieve the objectives. Search will be conducted in various databases to identify English language publications. Additionally, we will search the first ten pages of Google Scholar and the reference lists of included studies. This review will include all animal or human studies exploring preventive, interceptive and corrective treatments in orthodontics. Two reviewers will independently screen titles and abstracts and full-texts and extract the data of included studies. Disagreement will be resolved by discussion. The results will be presented in a descriptive format using diagrams and tables.</div></div><div><h3>Ethics and dissemination</h3><div>The current study does not require ethical approval. Results of review findings will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication or conference presentation.</div></div><div><h3>Registration</h3><div>The protocol is registered with the Open Science Framework.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18446,"journal":{"name":"MethodsX","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 103435"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144338321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statistical mirroring-based ordinalysis: A sensitive, robust, efficient, and ordinality-preserving descriptive method for analyzing ordinal assessment data","authors":"Kabir Bindawa Abdullahi","doi":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces statistical mirroring-based ordinalysis (SM-based ordinalysis), a novel, model-free, assumption-free, peer-independent, and descriptive statistical methodology for analyzing ordinal data at the individual level. The approach addresses key limitations of classical methods such as mean, median, and summed score techniques, particularly in terms of sensitivity, ordinality preservation, robustness, and interpretability. By integrating Kabirian-based isomorphic optinalysis with statistical mirroring, SM-based ordinalysis enhances the estimation process. Python code, packages, and a dedicated software application have been developed to promote accessibility and reproducibility. SM-based ordinalysis was validated through Monte Carlo simulations using data generated from normal, categorical, and multivariate model distributions. The proposed descriptive estimators demonstrated improved sensitivity to distributional variation, stronger ordinal preservation, probabilistic interpretability, scale robustness, and accuracy, especially in contexts with skewed data. SM-based ordinalysis is broadly applicable to fields such as clinical ordinal assessment, psychometrics, public health, market research, and survey analysis.<ul><li><span>•</span><span><div>SM-based ordinalysis incorporates adaptive customization and optimization of parameters, statistical mirroring, and Kabirian-based isomorphic optinalysis to refine the analysis of ordinal scores within a set of composite assessments.</div></span></li><li><span>•</span><span><div>The descriptive estimators focus on analyzing statistical proximity or deviation of ordinal assessment scores from the highest positive ordinal scale point, unlike classical methods that rely mainly on descriptive positions of ordinal scores.</div></span></li></ul></div></div>","PeriodicalId":18446,"journal":{"name":"MethodsX","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 103427"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging the process mining technique to optimize data preparation time in a database used as an automated data delivery center","authors":"Seyed Hossein Abrehdari","doi":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the development and implementation of a seismic database utilizing process mining techniques. This data format is generated and stored in seismic centers, such as the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The study explored the various stages involved in the preparation, delivery, and processing of a database containing almost 900 earthquake waveform records (considered big data) by utilizing process mining techniques. The data were gathered from a region spanning 388,111.5 km², located between 44°–51°E and 38°–42.5°N, over the period from 1999 to 2018, and sourced from the USGS. The findings of this study indicate that the use of process mining methodologies decreases the time needed for database creation, including request, collection, preparation, and delivery, from 25 days with manual processing to approximately 8 days. In parallel, custom-built software scripts (computer codes) were deployed as unmanned tools to streamline the time-consuming phases of database creation. The idea presented in this study can help optimize the time for creating, storing, and delivering the database in seismological centers or other data centers, especially in an era where efficient management of large scientific datasets is increasingly vital. In total, process mining techniques were employed to analyze the workflow involved in creating a large database, including the steps of data request, preparation, and delivery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18446,"journal":{"name":"MethodsX","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 103428"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144481598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A quick-to-implement and optimized CRISPR-Cas9 protocol to obtain insertional and small indel mutants in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii","authors":"Mariano A. De Silvio ,&nbsp;Camila Sánchez-Retuerta ,&nbsp;M. Águila Ruiz-Sola ,&nbsp;Olga Baidukova ,&nbsp;Elena Monte","doi":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii</em> is a leading model organism in algal research, widely used to study photosynthesis, chloroplast and cilia biology, and more recently, metabolism, light signaling, the cell cycle, and algal biotechnology. Its sequenced genome has significantly accelerated research in the field, while improved genome-editing tools are key to advancing reverse genetics and genetic engineering. Building on previous advances, we present a streamlined and efficient CRISPR-Cas9 protocol for generating knockout mutants in Chlamydomonas via non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), using only commercially available reagents. Additionally, we introduce a cost-effective, PCR-based screening method capable of detecting mutants with large insertions as well as short indels -as small as one base pair- thereby enhancing overall CRISPR efficiency.<ul><li><span>•</span><span><div>This protocol is easy to setup and can be fully executed using commercially available reagents.</div></span></li><li><span>•</span><span><div>This protocol allows for quick implementation and generation of mutants: 5 weeks from design to sequencing of candidate mutants.</div></span></li><li><span>•</span><span><div>This protocol describes a novel PCR-based strategy to identify mutants containing short indels. Screening is designed to identify large insertion mutants and the often overlooked small indel mutants.</div></span></li></ul></div></div>","PeriodicalId":18446,"journal":{"name":"MethodsX","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 103416"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144366636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advisor-advisee relationship and the organizational culture of doctoral programs on doctoral students’ mental health and academic performance: A scoping review protocol","authors":"Beatriz Cintra Storti ,&nbsp;Jorge Sinval ,&nbsp;Yasmin Lynda Munro ,&nbsp;Francisco J. Medina ,&nbsp;Marina Greghi Sticca","doi":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103433","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103433","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Doctoral students’ mental health is increasingly recognized as a critical issue in academia, with advisor-advisee relationships playing a key role in both well-being and academic performance. The organizational culture of doctoral programs may also influence these outcomes, but existing literature has yet to fully addressed the interplay between these factors. This scoping review aims to identify elements within the advisor-advisee relationship and supervision process that are associated with doctoral students’ mental health and academic performance. It also seeks to examine how the organizational culture of doctoral programs relates to these dynamics. The review will include both empirical studies and literature reviews focusing on these relationships. The following databases will be searched: Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), Cochrane Library, Web of Science, ERIC, PubMed, CINAHL (EBSCOhost), and PsycInfo (APA). Studies will be screened by two independent researchers, with duplicates removed. There will be no restrictions on publication date or language. Data extraction will be conducted using a standardized spreadsheet, and findings will be synthesized using thematic analysis, with results presented in both narrative form and summary tables.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18446,"journal":{"name":"MethodsX","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 103433"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144513606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BIELECKI-ULAM STABILITY OF A HAMMERSTEIN-TYPE DIFFERENCE SYSTEM","authors":"Gul Rahmat ,&nbsp;Sohail Ahmad ,&nbsp;Muhammad Sarwar ,&nbsp;Kamaleldin Abodayeh ,&nbsp;Saowaluck Chasreechai ,&nbsp;Thanin Sitthiwirattham","doi":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103422","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103422","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;In this study, we investigate the Bielecki-Ulam (B-U) stabilities of two forms of Hammerstein-type difference systems (HT-DS). Specifically, we consider the systems: &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0.1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mo&gt;{&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mtable&gt;&lt;mtr&gt;&lt;mtd&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mover&gt;&lt;mi&gt;M&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;¯&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mover&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mover&gt;&lt;mi&gt;F&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;¯&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mover&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;h&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;[&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;munderover&gt;&lt;mo&gt;∑&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;[&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;j&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;]&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;[&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;]&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/munderover&gt;&lt;mover&gt;&lt;mi&gt;G&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;¯&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mover&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;j&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mover&gt;&lt;mi&gt;H&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;¯&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mover&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;j&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;j&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;h&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;j&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;]&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mtd&gt;&lt;/mtr&gt;&lt;mtr&gt;&lt;mtd&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;b&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mtd&gt;&lt;/mtr&gt;&lt;/mtable&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;,and &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0.2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mo&gt;{&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mtable&gt;&lt;mtr&gt;&lt;mtd&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mover&gt;&lt;mi&gt;M&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;¯&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mover&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mover&gt;&lt;mi&gt;F&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;¯&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mover&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mover&gt;&lt;mi&gt;L&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;¯&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mover&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mover&gt;&lt;mi&gt;J&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;¯&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mover&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mtd&gt;&lt;/mtr&gt;&lt;mtr&gt;&lt;mtd&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;b&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mtd&gt;&lt;/mtr&gt;&lt;/mtable&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, by establishing conditions under which a unique solution exists. We derive sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of solutions that satisfy B-U stability criteria. To demonstrate the theoretical findings, we provide an illustrative example that confirms the validity of our results.&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span&gt;•&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Purpose:&lt;/strong&gt; In this study, we examine the Bielecki-Ulam (B-U) stabilities of two forms of Hammerstein-type difference systems (HT-DS) to understand the conditions necessary for solution uniqueness and stability.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span&gt;•&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methodology:&lt;/strong&gt; We analyze two specific systems characterized by distinct recursive nonlinear structures and employ the Banach ","PeriodicalId":18446,"journal":{"name":"MethodsX","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 103422"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144481605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental investigation of cylinder liners and performance optimization using ANN","authors":"Shekhar T. Shinde ,&nbsp;Kishor R. Borole ,&nbsp;Kedarnath Chaudhary ,&nbsp;Namita Shinde","doi":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103426","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mex.2025.103426","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research investigates the structural integrity and performance optimization of cylinder liners in internal combustion engines, focusing on material selection and thermomechanical stress response. The study aims to enhance efficiency and durability by evaluating the performance of cast iron, nickel-chromium iron alloy, and aluminum alloy under real-world engine conditions. Using Finite Element Analysis, material properties are experimentally assessed to determine thermomechanical stresses, wear characteristics, and heat dissipation behavior. Additionally, Artificial Neural Networks are employed to optimize performance parameters by predicting material behavior under varying thermal and load conditions. Results indicates that<ul><li><span>•</span><span><div>Nickel-Chromium iron alloy exhibits the lowest combined stress, making it the most suitable material due to superior resistance to thermal stress.</div></span></li><li><span>•</span><span><div>Unlike cast iron, where thermal-induced stress is too much to bear, aluminum alloy is lightweight but suffers from deformation when it undergoes thermal expansion.</div></span></li><li><span>•</span><span><div>However, the ANN-based optimization was successful in lowering stress values and allows us to consider future applications as a prediction modelling tool in material selection. The ANN optimization will reduce thermal stress by up to 20 % and is thus a successful method to use with predictive maintenance and improved performance of cylinder liners.</div></span></li></ul></div><div>This study shows that using both computational and experimental approaches can allow for optimized performance for engine components and provide future direction for cylinder liner designs that are both stronger and have better performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18446,"journal":{"name":"MethodsX","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 103426"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144313663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}