Medical Cannabis and Cannabinoids最新文献

{"title":"CANNabinoid Drug Interaction Review (CANN-DIR™).","authors":"Paul T Kocis,&nbsp;Samuel Wadrose,&nbsp;Ryan Lee Wakefield,&nbsp;Aqib Ahmed,&nbsp;Renata Calle,&nbsp;Rohan Gajjar,&nbsp;Kent E Vrana","doi":"10.1159/000528528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000528528","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-prescription cannabidiol (CBD) and medical marijuana (cannabis) currently do not have US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved prescribing information nor a dedicated resource to evaluate potential cannabinoid drug-drug interactions with other medications. The CANNabinoid Drug Interaction Review (CANN-DIR™) is a free web-based platform that has been developed to screen for potential drug-drug interactions from the perspective of how a cannabinoid delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), CBD, or a combination of THC/CBD may affect the metabolism of another prescribed medication. CANN-DIR™ is based on FDA-approved prescribing information for the prescription cannabinoids (dronabinol, nabilone, nabiximols, and prescription CBD) and other FDA-approved prescribing information for medications sharing similar metabolic enzymes (e.g., the FDA \"Drug Development and Drug Interactions: Table of Substrates, Inhibitors and Inducers\"). The Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC) was the source of drug-drug interaction information for the combined ∆⁹-THC & CBD product nabiximols (Sativex^®). CANN-DIR™ provides an expeditious review of cannabinoid drug-drug interaction information, and also a platform from which the patient and health care provider can print out the search results to either initiate a conversation, or for the health care provider to provide a written information sheet to supplement their verbal discussion. Additionally, to more effectively reach a global audience, the end user of CANN-DIR™ has the ability to currently navigate and print results in any of the following ten languages: Chinese, English, French, German, Nepali, Polish, Russian, Spanish, Swedish, and Vietnamese.</p>","PeriodicalId":18415,"journal":{"name":"Medical Cannabis and Cannabinoids","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/fc/48/mca-0006-0001.PMC9940648.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10764640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Chronic Anal Fissure with a Novel Topical Hemp-Herbal-Based Ointment: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Edward Ram,&nbsp;Yaniv Zager,&nbsp;Raanan Meyer,&nbsp;Dan Carter,&nbsp;Samia Joubran,&nbsp;Nir Horesh","doi":"10.1159/000528119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000528119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Anal fissure (AF) is a common anorectal disease. Although several pharmacological treatments are available, many patients still require surgical interventions. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of an ointment based on a multifunctional blend of herbal ingredients including hemp (ProctoFiz) for chronic AF.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A single-arm, questionnaire-based prospective study was conducted in a large tertiary center to evaluate the outcomes of patients suffering from chronic AF treated with topical ProctoFiz.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ninety-two patients were included in the study, 54 (58.7%) were females with a median age of 39 (range 17-78). 32 patients (34.7%) suffered from recurrent AF before enrolling in the study, and 5 patients (5.4%) underwent previous surgical interventions for AF. Three patients (3.2%) were lost to follow-up, leaving 89 patients for analysis. Eighty patients (89.9%) reported significant improvement of symptoms after 1 week using ProctoFiz, and 79 patients reported continued improvement after 1 month of treatment. The mean pain Visual Analog Score (VAS) declined by 6.6 points (8.9 vs. 2.3; 95% CI: 7.20 to -5.99, <i>p</i> < 0.0001) following 1 week of treatment, with continuous improvement to a mean of 0.64 after 1 month. Negative impact on quality of life significantly decreased from a mean of 8.8 to 0.38 following a month of treatment (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), with significant reduction in the number of patients suffering from bleeding following bowel movements (64.1-2.5%; <i>p</i> = 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hemp-based topical treatment of AF is feasible and significantly improves AF-correlated symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":18415,"journal":{"name":"Medical Cannabis and Cannabinoids","volume":"6 1","pages":"15-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/57/55/mca-0006-0015.PMC9940646.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10770618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climbing the Evidence Pyramid: Dosing Considerations for Medical Cannabis in the Management of Chronic Pain.","authors":"Sebastian Jugl,&nbsp;Amie J Goodin,&nbsp;Joshua D Brown","doi":"10.1159/000530251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000530251","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18415,"journal":{"name":"Medical Cannabis and Cannabinoids","volume":"6 1","pages":"41-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10134049/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9746644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of Cannabis Extract Tetrahydrocannabinol:Cannabidiol in an Interdisciplinary Therapy Setting: A Case of Chronic Multilocular Pain Disorder.","authors":"Tobias Romeyke,&nbsp;Rudolf Westfal","doi":"10.1159/000527521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000527521","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multilocular pain syndromes with advanced chronification lead to a significant reduction in the quality of life of patients. The administration of cannabis is currently being discussed in the context of therapy-resistant pain and increasing opiate abuse. In this case study, possible side effects from the administration of a cannabis extract tetrahydrocannabinol:cannabidiol are examined. Furthermore, the effect on pain intensity and sleep quality is recorded. Due to numerous comorbidities in the patient, interactions with other medications are documented.</p>","PeriodicalId":18415,"journal":{"name":"Medical Cannabis and Cannabinoids","volume":" ","pages":"220-225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3f/f3/mca-0005-0220.PMC9710317.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35209456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Cannabis sativa</i> and Cannabidiol: A Therapeutic Strategy for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases?","authors":"Milena de Barros Viana,&nbsp;Pedro Everson Alexandre de Aquino,&nbsp;Débora Estadella,&nbsp;Daniel Araki Ribeiro,&nbsp;Glauce Socorro de Barros Viana","doi":"10.1159/000527335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000527335","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This work is a literature review, presenting the current state of the use of cannabinoids on neurodegenerative diseases. The emphasis is on Parkinson's (PD) and Alzheimer's (AD) diseases, the two most prevalent neurological diseases. The review goes from <i>Cannabis sativa</i> and its hundreds of bioactive compounds to Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and mainly cannabidiol (CBD) and their interactions with the endocannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2). CBD molecular targets were also focused on to explain its neuroprotective action mechanism on neurodegenerative diseases. Although THC is the main psychoactive component of <i>C. sativa,</i> and it may induce transient psychosis-like symptoms, growing evidence suggests that CBD may have protective effects against the psychotomimetic effects of THC and therapeutic properties. Furthermore, a great number of recent works on the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory CBD effects and its molecular targets are also reviewed. We analyzed CBD actions in preclinical and in clinical trials, conducted with PD and AD patients. Although the data on preclinical assays are more convincing, the same is not true with the clinical data. Despite the consensus among researchers on the potential of CBD as a neuroprotective agent, larger and well-designed randomized clinical trials will be necessary to gather conclusive results concerning the use of CBD as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of diseases such as PD and AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":18415,"journal":{"name":"Medical Cannabis and Cannabinoids","volume":" ","pages":"207-219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3f/f8/mca-0005-0207.PMC9710321.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35209458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Cannabidiol on the Pharmacokinetics of Methylphenidate in Healthy Subjects.","authors":"John S Markowitz,&nbsp;Ludmila De Faria,&nbsp;Qingchen Zhang,&nbsp;Philip W Melchert,&nbsp;Reginald F Frye,&nbsp;Brandon O Klee,&nbsp;Yuli Qian","doi":"10.1159/000527189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000527189","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cannabidiol (CBD) is a widely utilized nonpsychoactive cannabinoid available as an over-the-counter supplement, a component of medical cannabis, and a prescriptive treatment of childhood epilepsies. In vitro studies suggest CBD may inhibit a number of drug-metabolizing enzymes, including carboxylesterase 1 (CES1). The aim of this study was to evaluate effect of CBD on the disposition of the CES1 substrate methylphenidate (MPH).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study, 12 subjects ingested 750 mg of CBD solution, or alternatively, a placebo solution twice daily for a 3-day run-in period followed by an additional CBD dose (or placebo) and a single 10 mg dose of MPH and completed serial blood sampling for pharmacokinetic analysis. MPH and CBD concentrations were measured by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The C_max (mean ± CV) for the CBD group and placebo group was 13.5 ± 43.7% ng/mL and 12.2 ± 36.4% ng/mL, respectively. AUC_inf (ng/mL*h) for the CBD group and placebo group was 70.7 ± 32.5% and 63.6 ± 25.4%, respectively. The CBD AUC_0-8h (mean ± CV) was 1,542.2 ± 32% ng/mL*h, and C_max was 389.2 ± 39% ng/mL. When compared to MPH only, the geometric mean ratio (CBD/control, 90% CI) for AUC_inf and C_max with CBD co-administration was 1.09 (0.89, 1.32) and 1.08 (0.85, 1.37), respectively.</p><p><strong>Discussion/conclusion: </strong>Although the upper bound of bioequivalence was not met, the mean estimates of AUC and C_max ratios were generally small and unlikely to be of clinical significance.</p>","PeriodicalId":18415,"journal":{"name":"Medical Cannabis and Cannabinoids","volume":" ","pages":"199-206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c5/6e/mca-0005-0199.PMC9710314.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35209454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proceedings of the 2022 Cannabis Clinical Outcomes Research Conference (CCORC) Orlando, FL, USA, May 19-20, 2022","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000527081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000527081","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Migraine is a debilitating disorder characterized by recurrent headaches accompanied by symptoms of anxiety and abnormal sensory sensitivity, including photophobia. Migraine is often inadequately managed by existing treatments. Thus, additional treatment options with improved efficacy and reduced side effects are a research priority. Surprisingly, despite the extensive historical use of Cannabis in headache disorders, there is limited research on the non-psychoactive cannabidiol (CBD) for migraine and there is no scientific evidence to prove that CBD is an effective treatment. Here, we test the efficacy of CBD in preventing and treating prominent symptoms of acute and chronic, pharmacolog-ically-evoked, migraine-like states in mice. Methods: We developed and characterized in our laboratory an animal model of acute and chronic migraine that involved measures of periorbital allodynia associated with intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of the migraine-triggering agent calcitonin-gene related peptide (CGRP, 0.1 mg/kg). Periorbital allodynia was assessed through mechanical stimulation of the mouse periorbital region using von Frey fila-ments applied according to an up down method. CBD (10 and 30 mg/kg, i.p.) was tested for its ability to decrease this and other CGRP-induced migraine-like symptoms, including facial grimace, photophobia and anxiety in male and female C57BL/6J mice. Results: A single administration of CGRP induced facial hypersensitivity in both male and female mice. Repeated CGRP treatment produced progressively increased levels of basal hyperalgesia in females, but not male mice. A single CBD administration pro-tected mice from hyperalgesia induced by a single CGRP injection, in both males and females. Repeated CBD administration pre-vented increased levels of basal hyperalgesia induced by repeated CGRP treatment in female mice. CBD, injected after CGRP, reversed CGRP-evoked allodynia. CBD also reduced spontaneous pain traits induced by CGRP administration in female mice. CBD failed in providing protection from CGRP-induced photophobia. Finally, CBD blocked CGRP-induced anxiety in male mice. Conclusion: Collectively, these results demonstrate the efficacy of CBD in preventing episodic, as well as chronic headache, particularly in female subjects. Importantly, CBD may serve as an abortive agent for treating migraine attacks. CBD also shows efficacy for headache-related conditions such as anxiety and spontaneous pain, but does not seem to protect from photophobia.","PeriodicalId":18415,"journal":{"name":"Medical Cannabis and Cannabinoids","volume":"5 1","pages":"142 - 158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45383138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proceedings of the 2022 Cannabis Clinical Outcomes Research Conference.","authors":"Nicole E Smolinski,&nbsp;Ruba Sajdeya,&nbsp;Robert Cook,&nbsp;Yan Wang,&nbsp;Almut G Winterstein,&nbsp;Amie Goodin","doi":"10.1159/000527080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000527080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Consortium for Medical Marijuana Clinical Outcomes Research, a multi-university collaboration established by the state of Florida in the USA, hosted its second annual Cannabis Clinical Outcomes Research Conference (CCORC) in May 2022. CCORC was held as a hybrid conference, with a scientific program consisting of in-person and virtual sessions. CCORC fostered and disseminated current research on clinical outcomes of medical marijuana while stimulating collaboration and engagement between the scientific community, policymakers, industry representatives, clinicians, and other interested stakeholders. Three themes emerged from conference sessions and speakers: (1) disentangling research findings comparing use and outcomes of medical and nonmedical cannabis, (2) addressing barriers and promoting facilitators for clinical cannabis research, and (3) resolving uncertainties around cannabis dosing. The third annual CCORC is planned for the summer of 2023 in Florida, USA.</p>","PeriodicalId":18415,"journal":{"name":"Medical Cannabis and Cannabinoids","volume":" ","pages":"138-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/9f/ab/mca-0005-0138.PMC9710315.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35209461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cannabinoid Conference 2022","authors":"F. Bianchi, J. Wampfler, F. Curtin, J. Desmeules, B. Broers, E. Becher, F. Heimann, F. Grotenhermen","doi":"10.1159/000527113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000527113","url":null,"abstract":"depression associated with opioids, whilst providing many of the desired pain-relieving and sedative effects. Cannabinoid receptors not only mediate immunologic as well as pain signals, but are also expressed in periodontal and gingival tissues, as well as in both osteoblast and osteoclasts, making them potential targets for a number of new technologies: from implantology to anti-plaque mouthwashes. See Table 1 for some of the most researched potential uses.","PeriodicalId":18415,"journal":{"name":"Medical Cannabis and Cannabinoids","volume":"5 1","pages":"159 - 198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42190054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluations of Skin Permeability of Cannabidiol and Its Topical Formulations by Skin Membrane-Based Parallel Artificial Membrane Permeability Assay and Franz Cell Diffusion Assay.","authors":"Riley D Kirk,&nbsp;Toyosi Akanji,&nbsp;Huifang Li,&nbsp;Jie Shen,&nbsp;Saleh Allababidi,&nbsp;Navindra P Seeram,&nbsp;Matthew J Bertin,&nbsp;Hang Ma","doi":"10.1159/000526769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000526769","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cannabinoids including cannabidiol (CBD) have attracted enormous interest as bioactive ingredients for various dermatological and/or cosmeceutical uses. However, topical applications of cannabinoids might be limited without a fundamental understanding of their skin permeability. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the skin permeability of CBD and its topical formulations using artificial skin membrane assays. The solubility and stability of CBD in various surfactants that are commonly used in topical applications were also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>CBD and two CBD-incorporated topical formulations (cream and gel) were prepared for this study. Computational predictions (SwissADME and DERMWIN™) and the parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA) were used to evaluate the skin permeability of CBD isolate. The Franz cell diffusion (in vitro release testing) assay was used to evaluate the skin permeability of CBD formulations. The solubility and stability of CBD in surfactants were assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CBD isolate showed favorable skin permeability in the SwissADME and DERMWIN™ predictions (-Log Kp of 3.6 and 5.7 cm/s, respectively) and PAMPA (-LogPe value of 5.0 at pH of 6.5 and 7.4). In addition, CBD had higher solubility (378.4 μg/mL) in surfactant Tween 20 as compared to its solubility in polyisobutene. In an acidic environment (pH 5 and 6), Tween 20 maintained the CBD content at 81% and 70% over 30 days, respectively. CBD in the formulations of cream and gel also had moderate skin permeability in the Franz cell diffusion assay.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Data from artificial membrane-based assays support that CBD is a skin permeable cannabinoid and the permeability and stability of its formulations may be influenced by several factors such as surfactant and pH environment. Findings from our study suggest that CBD may have suitable skin permeability for the development of dermatological and/or cosmeceutical applications but further studies using in vivo models are warranted to confirm this.</p>","PeriodicalId":18415,"journal":{"name":"Medical Cannabis and Cannabinoids","volume":" ","pages":"129-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c5/79/mca-0005-0129.PMC9710319.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35209453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}