Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Determination of Domestic Kitchen Characteristics for Elderly Turkish Women: A Comprehensive Ergonomics Approach","authors":"Besim Türker Özalp","doi":"10.4236/ojsst.2020.102005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojsst.2020.102005","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The paper aimed to present a layout of the kitchen for elderly Turkish women to assure their safety and comfort while executing their tasks in their kitchen. Background: It is appropriate to regard the domestic kitchen used by an elderly woman as her workplace, requiring application of the ergonomics principles such as environmental conditions, equipment design and workplace layout on the kitchen floor. The purpose is to enable them to perform activities in the kitchen comfortably, safely and without assistance. Ergonomic design takes into account the abilities and limitations due to aging and helps to create the best person-environment fit. Proper design can help all people in all age groups but is particularly important for elderly individuals. Safety, physical and social health must be taken into consideration to increase the quality of elderly Turkish women’s lives. Method: The general layout of the kitchen was designed considering the work triangle, to minimize the walking distance in regard of the work sequence. The required functional anthropometric data for elderly Turkish women were obtained by ratio scaling method using the raw data from previous work. Results: The design of cabinets, worktops, base units, storage areas and their lay-out with kitchen appliances were realized to ensure comfort and safety for the elderly Turkish women. A U-shaped kitchen is found appropriate allowing the elderly woman and her company working together. For the counter, the height of the worktop is found as 860 mm from the floor and a 20 mm thick and 620 mm wide granite block is chosen. Placement of wall cupboards is achieved by considering the vertical grip reach of elderly Turkish women (5%) and the height of each shelf from the floor is determined. Conclusion: The absence of housing standard definitions addressing accessibility of the elderly is an ongoing problem in Turkey. This work presents potential solutions to improve the living standards of the elderly Turkish women.","PeriodicalId":183634,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114222668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case Report and Review: Be Aware to Avoid Accidents at Home","authors":"W. Al-Dahhan, Zeyad Fadhil, Muna S. Bufaroosha, S. Mohammed, A. A. Ali, E. Yousif","doi":"10.4236/ojsst.2020.102003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojsst.2020.102003","url":null,"abstract":"The occurrence of accidents can be only being restricted to workplaces as they can occur at homes. Therefore, people should be aware of potential risks at home so that accidents can be avoided. This article deeply touches some of the realistic home accidents by explaining and analyzing them to be as beacon for others to avoid their occurrence. This has a paramount importance to alert people to be careful and take proper actions to avoid accidents. In this research, we discussed the issue of flammable gases, their severity and the need for careful handling of them, especially in hot climates, in addition to the fire hazards resulting from them. And due to the importance of accidents resulting from high electrical loads and fires that can happen as a result of this, this topic was covered by reviewing household accidents resulting from poor wiring, additional loads and poor connections.","PeriodicalId":183634,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123972478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Outcome of Infection Control for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Kaizen Approach with Problem-Solving","authors":"T. Ayabe, M. Tomita, I. Takajo, Yukishi Nakayama, Ryo Maeda, M. Okumura, Kunihide Nakamura","doi":"10.4236/ojsst.2020.101001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojsst.2020.101001","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) results in longer hospitalization, increased expenses, and poorer patient prognosis. The aim of this study is 1) to investigate the short-term outcome of MRSA outbreak and the prevention in our surgical ward, and 2) to evaluate the long-term outcome of a 7-year experience of infection control, and 3) to report the effectiveness of intervention of quality improvement by industry problem-solving method for the eradication of a new occurrence of MRSA patients. Methods: Between April 2009 and October 2019, we retrospectively studied the improvement activity for infection control and preventative measures in our surgical ward. The daily alcohol use for hand hygiene was measured (ml/patient/day) and the monthly number of occurrences of new MRAS patients was investigated. We used the industry problem-solving method as the Kaizen of infection control for the eradication of a new Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus occurrence in the surgical ward. Results: There was an inverse correlation between the increased amount of alcohol use for hand hygiene and the decreased number of new MRSA patients. In the long-term outcome, the amount of alcohol use has gradually decreased and the MRSA patients have been occasionally observed; these facts should display the difficulty to maintain a strict infection control. By the use of the problem-solving method, there continued for 7 months no new MRSA patients between June 2018 and December 2018. However, once the amount of alcohol use for hand hygiene decreased below 40 ml/patient/day, three new MRSA patients were detected. It displayed an inverse correlation between the decreased amount of alcohol use for hand hygiene and the increased number of new MRSA patients. Conclusion: The daily monitoring and measuring of the amount of alcohol use for hand hygiene and to know the current number of new occurrence of MRSA patients will become a meaningful tool. By performing the Kaizen with a problem-solving method, it will contribute to the multi-professional team to visualize the process of quality improvement for infection control.","PeriodicalId":183634,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125399115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the Reverse Heat Conduction Behavior of Steel","authors":"S. Xiong","doi":"10.4236/ojsst.2020.101002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojsst.2020.101002","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyses the existing literature, and considered the new problems caused by the burning accident of thermal insulation materials attached to the steel structure in recent years. In the process of combustion, thermal insulation materials will drip and melt, producing a large amount of liquid fuel. The combustion of thermal insulation materials attached to steel (diameter longer than 0.2 m) can be regarded as large pool fire combustion, and a mathematical model is established to study the reverse thermal conduction behavior of the combustion of combustible materials attached to steel.","PeriodicalId":183634,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131204100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controlling Effect of Fault Structural Styles on Aquifer Water Abundance for Panxie Mining Area, Huainan, China","authors":"Jingying Li, Qimeng Liu, Huichan Chai, Zhi-yuan Xie","doi":"10.4236/ojsst.2019.94010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojsst.2019.94010","url":null,"abstract":"According to the hydrogeological conditions, dynamic characteristics of tectonic deformation and geometric features, the fault structures in the Panxie mining area were divided into seven types respectively were horst, graben, graben-horst combination, forward (reverse) thrust structure, imbricate thrust structure, strike-slip structure, and others. Meanwhile, the q-structural styles boxplot had been constructed to analyze the water abundance of the karst formation aquifer. It has been verified via the practical drilling core data. The final results were that the water-rich characteristics of the deep karst water controlled by the seven structural styles were different. The water abundance of graben-horst combination structure was strongest; the next was the horst in deep which was stronger than the graben. Then, the imbricate thrust structure, strike-slip fault, and other structural styles had low water abundance in deep karst aquifer. The results can be aimed at different structural styles to guide the prevention and control of karst water hazards on the floor of Group A coal mining.","PeriodicalId":183634,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125313142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Flame Retardancy of Cardboards Products—Aiming for Application to Cardboard Beds in Shelters","authors":"Y. Mizutani, Yusaku Mochizuki, K. Nishitani, M. Okoshi","doi":"10.4236/ojsst.2019.94011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojsst.2019.94011","url":null,"abstract":"Japan is a country with many disasters such as earthquakes and heavy rains. Disasters cannot be prevented, however, efforts to reduce secondary damage was performed by the nation. Sleeping without beds in a shelter has a high prevalence of economy class syndrome. Due to the living environment of shelter, cots were introduced to each local government. As a result, cots were able to prevent hypothermia and freezing death. Shelters in cold regions use powerful heating devices, which lowers humidity and increases the risk of fire. Cardboard beds were made from paper so that, the user was not completely convinced of the fire risk. In this study, we investigated the combustion behavior and effects of flame-retardants on cardboard by combustion test and thermal analysis. Phosphorus-Nitrogen flame-retardant was possible to suppress the combustion which emitted a large amount of carbon monoxide.","PeriodicalId":183634,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121791269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Legal System of Occupational Safety and Health between Mainland China and Taiwan","authors":"T. Hsieh, M. Liao, Hsing-Wei Tai","doi":"10.4236/ojsst.2019.94008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojsst.2019.94008","url":null,"abstract":"Mainland China and Taiwan have both completed revisions of their occupational safety and health laws during the last few years, and both address similar occupational safety and health areas, including such supervisory and management tasks as production safety management, hazardous chemical products, education & training, and accident prevention. This article provides a brief introduction to the supervisory organizations, legal frameworks, and legal responsibilities relating to health and safety in Mainland China and Taiwan, and summarizes the focal points of these most recent revisions of occupational safety and health laws in Mainland China and Taiwan. The article finally proposes some key guidelines concerning fields connected with occupational safety and health, and these guidelines may provide countries or companies planning to enter this market—the world’s largest manufacturing market—with response methods and guidance.","PeriodicalId":183634,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131155818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Consumer Perception towards Quality of Spices Powder Available in Bangladesh","authors":"S. Sattar, P. Das, Sajjad Hossain, K. Sarower, M. Uddin","doi":"10.4236/ojsst.2019.94009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojsst.2019.94009","url":null,"abstract":"This was a survey-based \u0000study and conducted to analyze the findings of questionnaires about the \u0000consumer opinion towards the quality of few selected spices powder (turmeric, \u0000coriander, chili, cumin and mixed spices) available in Bangladesh, the health \u0000effect of low-quality \u0000spices powder and the preventive measures as well. From the survey, it was \u0000found that on average 90.70% people believed that the spices powders are not of \u0000good quality. Study on the types of adulterants added in the spices powder \u0000according to consumers’ suspect \u0000revealed that addition of low-grade raw spice with high grade was at the top \u0000position which was followed by brick dust and sand. Based \u0000on consumers’ opinion, cancer, chronic nephritis and high blood pressure were \u0000the top possible diseases which may associate due to \u0000consumption of adulterated spices powder. Implication of Bangladesh Standards \u0000and Testing Institution (BSTI) standards, enforcing law and imposing punishment \u0000and social motivation of food consumers could be the best preventive measures \u0000according to the people’s opinion. Finally, this \u0000study revealed that the people suspect that the quality of spices powder in \u0000Bangladesh is not up to the mark and expect necessary actions against \u0000adulteration if found in spices powder.","PeriodicalId":183634,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120979900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Concise and Practical Barrier Model","authors":"Yueting Hu","doi":"10.4236/OJSST.2019.93007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJSST.2019.93007","url":null,"abstract":"Through analyzing the problems of the Swiss Cheese Model theory and the Energy Theory, this paper combines the two kinds of theories after modifying them for the first time, and a new concise and practical model which has a simple structure and a clear hierarchy is thus put forward based on safety management practices and some related theories. The model not only eliminates the respective defects of the Swiss Cheese Model and the Energy Theory, but also reveals the internal and external causes of accidents. It especially has unique advantages both in analyzing the causes of accidents and in preventing accidents.","PeriodicalId":183634,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology","volume":"175 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127661457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalent Safety Hazards and Safety Practices in Maritime Transportation in Selected States in Southern Nigeria","authors":"S. M. Nwoye, C. Oyegun, J. Ugbebor","doi":"10.4236/OJSST.2019.93006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJSST.2019.93006","url":null,"abstract":"This study seeks to determine existing safety hazards and practices in the inland water transportation sector in selected states of southern Nigeria. A cross-sectional research design was adopted for the study and the target population for the study included the operators, commuters and regulators of inland water transportation in the study areas. Data were collected through questionnaires, field observations and oral interviews. A total of 2375 questionnaires were distributed across the six states. The study showed that a wide range of maritime safety hazards and practices bedeviled the inland water transportation sector in Nigeria. The findings of the study showed that the use of incompetent boat operators was the most prevailing maritime hazard in the study area, because it ranked highest, with 72.6% of respondents in agreement, while non-compliance to alcohol and drug policies by operators, no use of journey management forms and safety briefs rarely conducted before departure were the highest ranked unsafe practices with 70.8%, 72.7% and 72% respondents in agreement respectively. The study recommended that relevant authorities, such as Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency (NIMASA) and Nigerian Inland Waterways Authority (NIWA) should provide competent and trained boat operators, construct standard jetties, ensure standard and routinely maintained boats are used and ensure maritime safety standards and regulations are adhered to by boat operators and maritime workers to prevent incidents and breakdown of boats along waterways in the study area.","PeriodicalId":183634,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121789265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}