Xiufeng Ni , Chao Jiang , Fangming Jiang , Huan Luo , Yu Diao , Fan Jiang , Qingyu Zhang , Jinnan Wang
{"title":"Characteristics of environmental efficiency for different types of contaminated sites in China","authors":"Xiufeng Ni , Chao Jiang , Fangming Jiang , Huan Luo , Yu Diao , Fan Jiang , Qingyu Zhang , Jinnan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101092","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The assessment of the environmental efficiency of contaminated sites is important to address funding issues and ensure the sustainability of redevelopment in remediation and risk control actions. This study aims to gauge the environmental efficiency of remediation and risk control (EERRC) levels in China. It utilizes the super-efficiency directional distance function and metafrontier model to estimate metafrontier and group frontier EERRC across 408 contaminated sites spanning 27 provincial administrative regions. These sites were categorized based on economic development levels and industry types. This study dissects inefficiency factors into technological gaps and managerial inefficiencies while also analyzing the impact of site categorical attributes and the correlation between remediation and risk control strategies and EERRC. Findings indicate that China's overall EERRC average under the metafrontier stands at 0.524, contrasting with 0.902 under the group frontier, showcasing crucial technological gaps among regions and industries. Notably, industries such as metal smelting and processing, energy processing and supply, and textile and tanning exhibit low EERRC owing to their high technological complexity and compound contamination of heavy metals and semi-volatile organic compounds. Regions with low economic development are advised to prioritize more effective risk control measures over indiscriminate remediation efforts. Moreover, this study suggests that repurposing contaminated sites for uses such as storage land or sensitive land (e.g., residential or public administration and service) in terms of land planning. The EERRC assessment is instrumental in formulating cleanup and redevelopment strategies tailored to diverse types of contaminated sites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18322,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Sustainability","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101092"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143563171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Asghar Ali , Muhammad Qasim , Said Sakhi , Govindhan Maduraiveeran , Ali S. Alnaser
{"title":"Electrochemical CO2 reduction: Advances, insights, challenges, and future directions","authors":"Asghar Ali , Muhammad Qasim , Said Sakhi , Govindhan Maduraiveeran , Ali S. Alnaser","doi":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing energy demand, the depletion of fossil fuels, and the threat of global warming are significant and urgent issues for humanity. The electrochemical reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> (ECR) using renewable energy sources to produce fuels and chemicals such as carbon monoxide, methane, ethylene, ethane, formate, methanol, ethanol, and propanol, presents a sustainable and carbon-neutral alternative to fossil fuels. However, several challenges impede stable, selective, efficient, and large-scale production of desired products, especially longer-chain hydrocarbons (C<sub>2+</sub> products). These challenges include a limited understanding of reaction kinetics, the complex role of process parameters, a shortage of effective electrocatalysts, and unoptimized electrolyzer designs. The present review summarizes detailed insights into the scientific and technological facets of ECR, focusing on established practices and offering a comprehensive overview of known ECR catalysts. It includes a brief historical context and explores methods for studying the reaction kinetics including operando, electrochemical, and computational techniques. The review examines the intertwined process factors influencing ECR and underscores the evolving designs of electrolyzers to manage these factors effectively. It discusses conventional and innovative approaches to catalyst design and addresses the challenges related to the stability of the catalysts. Recent advancements and potential future directions for CO<sub>2</sub> ECR studies are also highlighted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18322,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Sustainability","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101089"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143465275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yaser Rashidi , Lily Li , Asghar Habibnejad Korayem
{"title":"Xanthan gum biopolymer for uniform dispersion of halloysite nanotubes to enhance micro- and macroscopic performance of cementitious composite: A sustainable alternative to chemical surfactants","authors":"Yaser Rashidi , Lily Li , Asghar Habibnejad Korayem","doi":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101091","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To fully exploit the potential of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) in cement-based composites, stable dispersion in cementitious environments is essential. While polycarboxylate ether (PCE) is commonly used for this purpose, xanthan gum (XG) biopolymer offers a greener alternative, providing stable and uniform dispersion. XG-modified HNTs show promise in enhancing the engineering properties of these composites, but their impact on micro- and macroscopic characteristics is still unclear. This study comprehensively assessed the influence of XG-modified HNTs on hydration-phase assemblage, pore structure, microstructural morphology, as well as compressive strength and transport properties in cementitious materials, and compared these results to PCE-modified HNTs in similar systems. The results demonstrated that XG-modified HNTs significantly outperformed PCE-modified HNTs by reducing calcium hydroxide (CH) content and refining CH crystal structures. Additionally, XG-modified HNTs accelerated cement hydration more effectively and promoted enhanced gel structure formation. Importantly, XG-modified HNTs contributed to a greater reduction in pore size and porosity, a more uniform pore distribution, and the formation of a more homogeneous cementitious matrix compared to PCE-modified HNTs. Furthermore, after 90 days, the HNT-XG mixture exhibited increases in compressive strength (14.3%), ultrasonic pulse velocity (7.1%), and electrical resistivity (13.3%) compared to the HNT-PCE mixture. Finally, the sustainability assessment revealed that using XG biopolymer results in 48.6% lower energy consumption, an 89.4% cleaner production process, and 16.3% lower production costs compared to PCE. Consequently, XG biopolymer can be considered a superior and sustainable alternative to chemical surfactants like PCE for the uniform dispersion of HNTs in cementitious systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18322,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Sustainability","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101091"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143429761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yun Seok Kang , Dong Eun Kim , Hyung Wook Park , Jaewoo Seo
{"title":"Sustainable CFRP drilling using support plates: A comprehensive analysis of delamination suppression and cost-effectiveness","authors":"Yun Seok Kang , Dong Eun Kim , Hyung Wook Park , Jaewoo Seo","doi":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101085","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101085","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRPs) are extensively utilized in the aerospace industry due to their exceptional strength-to-weight ratios, enabling weight reduction and improved energy efficiency. Despite their advantages, the anisotropic properties of CFRPs result in defects, such as delamination, during drilling processes, reducing manufacturing efficiency and increasing production costs. While support plates have been employed to address such issues, existing studies have not sufficiently explored their economic and environmental implications, nor have they evaluated the potential of novel materials like cork. This study introduces a novel machining economics model tailored for CFRP drilling, integrating defect suppression, energy consumption, and production costs into a unified framework. Furthermore, this research uniquely explores cork as a support plate material, which has not been previously studied in the context of CFRP drilling. Experimental analyses demonstrate that cork achieves a 12.45% reduction in delamination and lowers overall drilling costs to 87.39% of those incurred without support plates. These findings establish cork as the most sustainable and cost-effective support plate material, while the proposed model provides a comprehensive method for evaluating machining quality and sustainability. By integrating a novel machining economics model and introducing cork as a support plate material, this study offers a practical solution to enhance cost-efficiency, defect suppression, and sustainability in aerospace manufacturing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18322,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Sustainability","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101085"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kleber Mora Guevara , Gustavo Martínez-Valenzuela , Viviana Sánchez-Vásquez , Keyla Guerrero-Ruiz , Manuel Fiallos-Cárdenas
{"title":"Trends and perspectives on bacterial nanocellulose: A comprehensive analysis from the three helixes of innovation","authors":"Kleber Mora Guevara , Gustavo Martínez-Valenzuela , Viviana Sánchez-Vásquez , Keyla Guerrero-Ruiz , Manuel Fiallos-Cárdenas","doi":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101090","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) stands out as a nanocrystalline material with a wide range of unique properties, including high mechanical strength, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and transparency. This versatility has attracted great interest in various fields, from biomedicine and materials engineering to the food industry and environmental technology. The present study focused on assessing the impact of BNC's scientific production within the framework of the three helixes of innovation and identifying trends in research and technological development. To this end, a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of 4814 peer-reviewed articles published between 2013 and 2023 was conducted, using the SCOPUS database and analyzing the information through Rstudio's Bibliometrix package. The results revealed an approximate annual growth of 15.67% in BNC's scientific output, with an average of 33.56 citations per paper. China was positioned as a leader in this output, backed by strong government commitment and considerable funding for sustainability-focused research. It is notable that BNC studies contribute mainly to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), with SDGs 3, 6, 7, 9, 12, and 17 standing out. Despite the current trend towards process optimization and exploration of BNC-producing microorganisms, a lack of research in life cycle analysis and techno-economic analysis was identified. It is suggested that the implementation of biorefinery approaches, the utilization of residual biomass, and the evaluation of energy efficiency and exergy analysis could potentially significantly improve the process of obtaining BNC, providing a more sustainable and efficient approach to its production with multiple applications in various industrial sectors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18322,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Sustainability","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101090"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimising slow pyrolysis parameters to enhance biochar European hazelnut shell as a biobased asphalt modifier","authors":"Camila Martínez-Toledo , Gonzalo Valdes-Vidal , Alejandra Calabi-Floody , María Eugenia González , Antonieta Ruiz , Cristian Mignolet-Garrido , Jose Norambuena-Contreras","doi":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101087","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper evaluated the impact of operational conditions during slow pyrolysis on the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of biochar derived from European hazelnut shells (BH), with the aim of assessing its potential as a modifier for asphalt binder. The study employed a 2<sup>2</sup> factorial design with a central point, using pyrolysis temperature (300 °C, 425 °C, and 550 °C) and residence time (1, 2, and 3 h) as study factors to produce BH. Firstly, the chemical, physical and antioxidant properties of European hazelnut shell (HS) and BH samples were compared in terms of their chemical composition, microscopic-morphology, and antioxidant capacity. Additionally, the thermal behaviour of HS was analysed. Asphalt binders were blended with 5% biochar (w/w) to assess particle distribution using confocal laser microscopy. Functional groups were also evaluated through Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results conclude that the operational conditions of slow pyrolysis significantly affect the chemical composition of biochar from European hazelnut shells, influencing the functional groups present on the asphalt surface. These conditions also influence the microstructure, increasing porosity and rugosity at higher temperatures and longer residence times. HS exhibited high antioxidant capacity, retaining up to 40% of it in the biochar when pyrolyzed at 300 °C for 1 h. Confocal laser microscopy showed uniform distribution of biochar in the asphalt binder. FT-IR and XPS tests revealed chemical interactions between the biochar and binder, characterized by bonds involving C, O, and H, particularly in biochar pyrolyzed at 300 °C and 550 °C for 1 h. The results of this study demonstrate that biochar derived from the slow pyrolysis of European hazelnut shell has the potential to be used as a bio-additive for the development of more sustainable asphalt roads.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18322,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Sustainability","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101087"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143488996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhancing high ionic conductivity of polyacryamide/hemp cellulose nanofibers for utilizing as quasi solid electrolyte composites in flexible rechargeable zinc-ion battery with high-safety","authors":"Adnan Ahmed , Thanaporn Subchokpool , Amornrat Khampuanbut , Intatch Hongrattanavichit , Manunya Okhawilai , Wiwittawin Sukmas , Prasit Pattananuwat","doi":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rechargeable zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) have attracted broad interest in the large-scale energy storage industry as well as wearable and portable electronics. This work presents safe quasi-solid-state zinc-ion batteries (QZIBs), highlighting the use of polyacrylamides (PAM)/hemp-derived cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) as quasi-solid electrolyte (QSE) composites with cobalt manganese carbon nanofibers (CMO-CNFs) cathode composites. Results demonstrate that CNFs with different concentrations (0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.0 wt%), in addition to PAM, show superior electrolyte uptake and high ion conductivity. For plating/stripping testing with a symmetrical zinc cell, PAM/CNFs 1.0 wt% (PNC1) are seen to display the lowest overpotential with the best zinc dendrite suppression feature. For the QZIB performance test, innovatively constructed Zn//PNC1//CMO-CNFs achieve remarkable electrochemical performance. A high discharge specific capacity of 207.84 mA g<sup>−1</sup> at a current density of 0.05 A g<sup>−1</sup>, as well as during cyclic stability, outstanding 59% capacity retention after 500 cycles is obtained. Furthermore, QZIB exhibits promising prospects, demonstrating robust stability after various mechanical stresses. Moreover, PNC1 maintains seamless operation even at sub-zero temperatures, enhancing its applicability across diverse environmental conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18322,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Sustainability","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101088"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pengyuan Guan , Yongjie Zhao , Yihui Wu , Weixian Li , Xiao Zhang , Xiang Gao , Xiaoxia Ou , Wai Siong Chai , Yinfeng He , Hao Nan Li
{"title":"One-step calcination strategy of 3D printing CuO–ZnO–ZrO2 catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation using digital light processing (DLP)","authors":"Pengyuan Guan , Yongjie Zhao , Yihui Wu , Weixian Li , Xiao Zhang , Xiang Gao , Xiaoxia Ou , Wai Siong Chai , Yinfeng He , Hao Nan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>CuO–ZnO–ZrO<sub><em>2</em></sub> catalyst attracted significant attention for CO<sub>2</sub> hydrogenation to methanol. Gyroid-based triply period minimal surface lattice structures feature highly ordered porous networks, which could be used to enhance catalytic performance and efficiency. This paper presents a formulating and one-step calcination strategy that united the removal of polymer resin and calcination of catalyst precursor at one temperature. This enabled 3D printing gyroid-structured CuO–ZnO–ZrO<sub>2</sub> catalyst for CO<sub>2</sub> hydrogenation while minimizing the impact of overheating on the catalyst performance. A photocurable formulation loaded with CuO–ZnO–ZrO<sub>2</sub> precursor was developed. Using the optimized formulation, gyroid structures with varying pore sizes were successfully printed and calcined. The optimal lattice wall thickness that balances porosity and structural stability was identified. The results indicate that the resin used for 3D printing was successfully removed at a lower temperature and the catalytic activity of the 3D-printed structured catalyst was retained through the one-step calcination process while the gyroid lattice geometry can enhance catalytic efficiency than cylindrical structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18322,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Sustainability","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101086"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143429760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sridhar Kulandaivel , Ngui Wai Keng , Mahendran Samykano , Subbarama Kousik Suraparaju , Mohd Fairusham Ghazali , Reji Kumar Rajamony , Nurhanis Sofiah Abd Ghafar
{"title":"MXene nanofluids in advanced applications: An in-depth review of thermophysical characteristics and technological innovations","authors":"Sridhar Kulandaivel , Ngui Wai Keng , Mahendran Samykano , Subbarama Kousik Suraparaju , Mohd Fairusham Ghazali , Reji Kumar Rajamony , Nurhanis Sofiah Abd Ghafar","doi":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101084","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101084","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanofluids have emerged as a promising solution to the challenge of enhancing heat transfer in modern energy applications. MXene-based nanofluids stand out due to their exceptional optical and thermophysical properties, making them highly suitable for diverse industrial applications. However, challenges such as agglomeration and stability have hindered their widespread commercial adoption despite their potential. This review provides a comprehensive overview of MXene nanofluids, focusing on their synthesis, properties, and strategies to manage accumulation and stability. The review highlights innovative approaches to mitigate agglomeration issues while enhancing thermal properties and ensuring long-term stability in heating and cooling applications. The transformative potential of MXene nanofluids extends to electronics, automotive cooling systems, renewable energy, and biomedical applications. This review underscores the importance of future research efforts to examine the stability and physical characteristics of MXene nanofluids thoroughly. By laying the groundwork for further exploration, this review serves as a valuable resource for researchers seeking to optimize MXene nanofluids for specific applications, promising improvements in heat transfer efficiency, economic feasibility, and environmental sustainability compared to conventional heat transfer fluids.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18322,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Sustainability","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101084"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chenglong Peng , Yinchang Li , Mingming Shi , Jiahong Wang
{"title":"Rationally designed bulky MoS2@C@MoS2 hierarchical materials as an enhanced anode for lithium-ion batteries","authors":"Chenglong Peng , Yinchang Li , Mingming Shi , Jiahong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The hierarchical material integrates the advantages of each component and is an ideal structure for efficiently storing lithium ions. However, constructing hybrid structures with excellent physical/electrochemical properties, notably bulky natural minerals, remains challenging. Herein, the precursor decomposition method built a bulky three-layer MoS<sub>2</sub>@C@MoS<sub>2</sub> hierarchical materials. Ultrathin MoS<sub>2</sub> nanoarrays grow vertically on the surface of nitrogen-doped carbon-coated expanded molybdenite (MoS<sub>2</sub>@C). MoS<sub>2</sub> nanosheets and bulky expanded molybdenite have the same composition, which is beneficial for reducing side reactions. MoS<sub>2</sub> nanosheets shorten the ion diffusion and electron transport paths and ensure the efficient penetration of electrolytes and full contact between electrolyte and electrode. The hierarchical design not only effectively retains the high energy density of the bulky material but also has the high specific capacity of the nanomaterials. As a result, the MoS<sub>2</sub>@C@MoS<sub>2</sub> hierarchical material displays a high specific capacity of 1035 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> at 100 mA g<sup>−1</sup> after 200 cycles and 860 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> even at 1 A g<sup>−1</sup>, demonstrating decent stable cycle life and rate performance. Additionally, the synthesis strategy of hierarchical materials proposed here offers a general route to design other bulky mineral materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18322,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Sustainability","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101083"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143096308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}