Materials Chemistry and Physics最新文献

{"title":"Adsorption of arsenic–fluorine in groundwater by Fe/La-modified wheat straw–derived biochar","authors":"Meijuan Wang,&nbsp;Yanli Luo,&nbsp;Tuerxun Tuerhong,&nbsp;Yaofeng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.131606","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.131606","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The groundwater in the Kuitun region of Xinjiang is contaminated by a complex mixture of As–F and other contaminants, posing significant challenges for irrigation and other applications. An adsorbent that enables the simultaneous adsorption of arsenic and fluorine (As–F) must be urgently developed. To address these issues, wheat straw–derived biochar (XM) was optimised herein by loading Fe and La for obtaining Fe/La–XM composites. The influence of factors such as As–F initial concentration, solution pH and coexisting ions on As–F adsorption by Fe/La–XM was analysed. Results revealed that Fe/La–XM was mesoporous with excellent surface structure and could rapidly adsorb As and F simultaneously in just 5 h. Its adsorption capacities for As and F were 128 and 33 times higher, respectively, compared with those of original biochar. It achieved a remarkable As–F removal rate of 98 % at a pH of 5.0–10.0. The adsorption model strongly conformed to the Langmuir isotherm model and was consistent with the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation. The adsorption process was governed by intra-particle diffusion, surface adsorption and other mechanisms. During this process, As and F exhibited antagonistic effects and underwent competitive adsorption. Fe/La–XM primarily relied on electrostatic and chemical adsorption processes at a pH of &lt;6.43. At a pH of &gt;6.43, chemical adsorption was dominant. In addition, As exhibited strong tendency to form stable Fe–O–As ligand complexes. Meanwhile, La readily formed high-strength La–F coordination bonds with F, ultimately leading to the adsorption of LaF₃ on the surface of Fe/La–XM. Fe/La–XM also exhibited an ion-exchange effect during F⁻ adsorption, with CO₃²⁻ emerging as the primary competing anion. Even after four adsorption–desorption cycles, Fe/La–XM retained &gt;62 % and &gt;65 % of its removal efficiency for As and F, respectively. Tests on actual groundwater samples yielded exceptional results,The equilibrium concentration of As was lower than the agricultural irrigation water standard (C_As ≤ 0.05 mg/L) and that of F was lower than the drinking water standard (C_F ≤ 1.0 mg/L) after adding only 0.06 g of Fe/La–XM in the groundwater sample. demonstrating the material's potential for practical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"348 ","pages":"Article 131606"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145227170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of internal energy, enthalpy, and entropy, based on group contribution method and cubic equation of states","authors":"Axel Groniewsky ,&nbsp;Dávid Illés ,&nbsp;László Hégely","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.131605","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.131605","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>By utilizing a group contribution method (GCM) by specifying the number of functional groups forming the molecules, estimation of some of the pivotal properties of substances becomes feasible. To broaden the scope of the predictable properties and to expand the applicability of the GCM procedure, it may be required to combine it with an equation of state. In this work, the internal energy, enthalpy, and entropy in 2000 states per material of 69 compounds from the NIST database were compared with the results of 25 different GCM-based cubic equations of state and analyzed by classes of compounds to identify the limitations of the method and to suggest the use of an equation of state for each type of compounds.</div><div>Interestingly, equations that depend on fewer material properties tend to yield better results, especially when those properties can be estimated with high precision. In contrast, equations that rely on more parameters may be more sensitive to inaccuracies in property estimates, making them less reliable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"348 ","pages":"Article 131605"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unique fracture behavior and strengthening mechanism of SUS304/45 multilayer steel with network structure","authors":"Jiao Wang ,&nbsp;Baoxi Liu ,&nbsp;Wenxing Yu ,&nbsp;Jiale Ding ,&nbsp;Boyang Zhang ,&nbsp;Fuxing Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.131598","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.131598","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new type of SUS304/45 multilayer steel with network structure was designed and fabricated by warm rolling and quenching. The soft SUS304 layers with coarse grains are fragmented into island-chain networks (island fragments refer to the fragmented structure formed by the fracture of the soft phase SUS304 layer after warm rolling, dispersed in the matrix of hard phase 45 steel, constituting the 'island chain' of the network structure.) embedded within the fine-grained hard phase 45 steel matrix. The tensile strength and fracture elongation of 600 °C rolled + quenched (W600-Q) multilayer are 1600 MPa and 14.7 %, respectively, which are significantly higher than those of 1000 °C rolled + quenched (W1000-Q) multilayer. High temperatures alleviate stress concentration near the shear zone, facilitating dislocations slip along the shear direction and promoting their movement and proliferation. The improved properties are attributed to heterogeneous deformation-induced (HDI) stress and the activation of multiple micro shear bands (SBs) in the network structure of the W600-Q sample, which displays distinct ductile shear fracture characteristics. This study provides an experimental foundation and theoretical guidance for developing metallic structural materials with excellent strength-toughness synergy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"348 ","pages":"Article 131598"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots from biomass: Fast microwave synthesis and dual application in biomaterials and bioimaging in vitro","authors":"Víctor M. Jiménez-Pérez ,&nbsp;Blanca M. Muñoz-Flores ,&nbsp;Luis F. Macías-Gamboa ,&nbsp;Ivana Moggio ,&nbsp;Eduardo Arias ,&nbsp;Azael A. Cavazos-Jaramillo ,&nbsp;Juan M. Alcocer-González ,&nbsp;Casiano del Angel-Mosqueda ,&nbsp;Mitchel A. Ruiz-Robles ,&nbsp;Eduardo Pérez-Tijerina","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.131596","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.131596","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) can be readily synthesized from an extensive range of biomass-derived precursors such as fruit peels, seeds, proteins and even food waste. Biomass naturally contains carbon-rich and nitrogen-containing compounds, which can serve as both the carbon skeleton and the nitrogen dopant. However, when these sources are endemic to specific regions, reproducibility and scalability might be limited in other parts of the world. To ensure broader accessibility and reproducibility, it is advantageous to use widely available biomass resources from CQD production. Moreover, doping CQDs with nitrogen can significantly enhance their optical properties, quantum yield, and surface functionality. Thus, in this work, carbon quantum dots were synthesized from biomass (<em>Morus alba</em>) via microwave irradiation to obtain a nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) with a high quantum yield in solution (Φ_F = 0.98). The material was structurally and morphologically characterized by AFM obtaining an average size of 4.81 nm in one of its dimensions. Its photophysical properties were evaluated showing a maximum emission at 449 nm. Raman spectra of N-CQDs showed D and G bands with an ID/IG ratio of 1.04, indicating a high degree of disorder. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed N-CQDs with controlled morphology, relatively narrow size distribution (particle diameter of 4.74 ± 2.20 nm), and spatially uniform dispersion. This material was used as a dye for silk fibroin by immersion method obtaining a uniform staining. In addition, bioimages of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) were obtained and their cytotoxicity was evaluated obtaining a cell viability higher than 95 %. This material allows observing the biomaterial and cell staining under 2 types of lasers which, together with its excellent cell viability, highlight its potential biomedical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"348 ","pages":"Article 131596"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145155564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photocatalytic hydrogen production via solar-driven water splitting using MoO3/Ti3C2-supported ZnFe2O4 photocatalyst","authors":"Yakubu Mohammed ,&nbsp;Hafeez Yusuf Hafeez ,&nbsp;Khairia Mohammed Al-Ahmary ,&nbsp;Jawza Sh Alnawmasi ,&nbsp;Zahrah Alqahtani ,&nbsp;Saedah R. Al-Mhyawi ,&nbsp;Sarah Bader Alotaibi ,&nbsp;J. Mohammed ,&nbsp;Chifu Ebenezer Ndikilar","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.131551","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.131551","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of efficient photocatalysts for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution is essential for advancing to a reliable and sustainable source of environmentally friendly energy. In this quest, ZnFe₂O₄ is an important photocatalyst for applications in solar energy conversion due to its visible light-sensitive bandgap, appropriate energy bands, photochemical and thermal stability, and magnetic retrievability. However, its hydrogen evolution rate is limited due to poor electron conductivity and particle agglomeration. Herein, we prepared a composite of ZnFe₂O₄, MoO₃ and Ti₃C₂ via the ultrasonication-assisted wet impregnation method. The crystal structure, morphology, and optoelectronic properties of the composite were analysed. The optimized composite displayed exceptional photocatalytic performance, achieving a peak H₂ evolution rate of 30,129 μmolg⁻¹h⁻¹ under solar light exposure with methanol as a sacrificial agent, a 286-fold enhancement over pristine ZnFe₂O₄. This notable enhancement in photoactivity is attributed to the reduction in bandgap energy from 2.00 to 1.77 eV and the introduction of MoO₃ and Ti₃C₂ which led to significant photoluminescence quenching, promoting separation and transfer of charge carriers, thereby boosting the photocatalytic performance of ZnFe₂O₄. MoO₃ helped limit ZnFe₂O₄ agglomeration, while Ti₃C₂ facilitated electron transfer and suppressed charge recombination. The optimized photocatalyst also demonstrated outstanding stability, maintaining 99 % of its activity after 16 h and 4 consecutive cycles. This study provides new insights into the design of nanocomposites, demonstrating a hydrogen evolution rate that is significantly higher than those reported in previous studies on ZnFe₂O₄-based photocatalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"348 ","pages":"Article 131551"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of multi-scale (Ti, Mo)C in microstructural evolution and corrosion behaviour of laser-clad Fe-based composite coatings","authors":"Dong Zhang ,&nbsp;Chunzhi Zhang ,&nbsp;Xueming Wei ,&nbsp;Yaxin Ji ,&nbsp;Lijun Zhang ,&nbsp;Qi Liu ,&nbsp;Wensheng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.131601","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.131601","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, multi-scale (Ti, Mo)C-reinforced Fe–Cr–Mo based composite coatings were fabricated via in situ laser cladding, with systematic investigation of laser power and deposition speed effects on phase composition and microstructure evolution. The corrosion behavior in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution was characterized through static immersion tests and electrochemical analysis. The coatings primarily consisted of α-Fe and M₂₃C₆-type carbides, exhibiting parameter-dependent microstructural evolution. The enhanced corrosion resistance at 1500 W laser power arose through synergistic interactions between Cr-rich stacking faults promoting passive film nucleation, Mo oxides imparting pitting resistance, and nano-(Ti, Mo)C particles isolating cathodic sites to suppress microgalvanic corrosion. This study provides critical insights for designing laser-cladded coatings with engineered corrosion resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"348 ","pages":"Article 131601"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145155562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nickel foam-loaded CoP/CoFeMoP heterostructure nanoarrays as highly efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting","authors":"Zhen Yang ,&nbsp;Zhuoshu Song ,&nbsp;Haicheng Xuan ,&nbsp;Lvrui Li ,&nbsp;Xiaohong Liang ,&nbsp;Yuping Li ,&nbsp;Long Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.131604","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.131604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Designing inexpensive and highly efficient bifunctional catalysts in electrochemical overall water splitting remains a vital challenge. Herein, a hierarchical structure of cobalt phosphide grown on polymetallic phosphides (cobalt, iron, molybdenum) nanosheets supported on a three-dimensional nickel foam (NF) substrate (CoP/CoFeMoP/NF) is fabricated via two-step hydrothermal and vapor-phase phosphorization methods. In an alkaline environment, due to the intense charge transfer between CoP and CoFeMoP and the abundant active sites induced by the phosphating process, the overpotentials required to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm⁻² only is 62.9 mV for HER and 223.9 mV for OER, respectively. While utilized as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for overall water decomposition, the CoP/CoFeMoP/NF requires a cell voltage as low as 1.56 V to attain a current density of 10 mA cm⁻² along with the prolonged stability, outperforming most non-Pt-based electrocatalysts reported hitherto. This study proposes a pioneering approach to develop high-activity and stability non-precious metal-based phosphides as bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water decomposition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"348 ","pages":"Article 131604"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of surface hydroxylation on the mechanical properties of iron nanopillars containing different thicknesses of pre-oxide layers","authors":"A. Rezaei Sameti,&nbsp;A. Mousivand","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.131599","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.131599","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study employs reactive molecular dynamics (ReaxFF-MD) simulations to examine the impact of surface hydroxylation on the mechanical performance of iron nanopillars with natively controlled oxide layers. Sequential oxidation and hydroxylation leading to core-shell nanostructures consisting of metallic Fe cores coated by amorphous Fe-oxyhydroxide shells with 5–20 % initial oxide fractions are produced. Hydroxylation is found to severely degrade mechanical performance compared to oxide-only systems in uniaxial compression tests. Hydroxylation softens Young's modulus by 10–20 % relative to oxide-only analogs; the softening arises due to partial substitution of strong load-carrying Fe–O bonds by weaker Fe–O–H bonds and increased interfacial amorphization, weakening the effective load-carrying network. Yield strength exhibits a monotonically decreasing correlation with the shell thickness due to flexible hydroxide-rich shells that promote premature dislocation nucleation. Size effects play an extremely dominant role in thinner nanopillars, where high surface-area-to-volume ratios enhance hydroxylation-induced mechanical softening. Hydroxylated shells have inferior load-carrying ability compared to pure oxide films, as indicated by radial distribution function analysis revealing disordered atomic coordination and reduced Fe–Fe metallic bonding density. More importantly, hydroxylation transforms mechanically protective oxide layers into structurally weak interfaces that facilitate plasticity initiation in spite of providing improved chemical passivation. These findings enlighten the intrinsic trade-offs between mechanical strength and chemical passivation in iron-based nanomaterials and offer critical insights into corrosion-resistant design principles and the development of high-performance functional nanocomposites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"348 ","pages":"Article 131599"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145155568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bi2WO6/WO3/g-C3N4 ternary nanocomposite-modified glassy carbon electrode for sensitive photo-electrochemical detection of dopamine","authors":"Amira Nahdi ,&nbsp;Fathi Touati ,&nbsp;Hamdi Ben Halima ,&nbsp;Salah Kouass ,&nbsp;Nicole Jaffrezic-Renault","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.131595","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.131595","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dopamine is an essential neurotransmitter involved in critical physiological processes, and its sensitive and selective detection is of great importance. In this work, we developed a novel photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensor based on a triphasic Bi₂WO₆/WO₃/g-C₃N₄ (BWWCN) composite. The synergistic interaction among the three components enhances light absorption, charge separation, and electron transfer. BWWCN was synthesized via a hydrothermal method and deposited onto a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). XRD, TEM, and UV–Vis characterizations confirmed the successful formation of the composite. Photoluminescence (PL) analysis revealed significantly reduced electron–hole recombination, following the order Bi₂WO₆&gt;WO₃&gt;g-C₃N₄&gt;BWWCN. The dopamine photoelectrochemical sensor showed a wide linear detection range (0.01–110 μM), a low detection limit (0.01 μM), and excellent stability and reproducibility. Its effectiveness was demonstrated in saliva samples, confirming its potential for real-world dopamine monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"348 ","pages":"Article 131595"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the mechanical and tribological properties of CrWN–Ru coatings with Cr, Ti, and Si interlayers on quartz glass substrates","authors":"Xidan Ma ,&nbsp;Liyuan Wu ,&nbsp;Yiyi Li ,&nbsp;Nengneng Xue ,&nbsp;Feng Gong ,&nbsp;Bin Guo ,&nbsp;Zhiwen Xie ,&nbsp;Yongjun Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.131568","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.131568","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In light of the potential application of quartz glass as a mould material for precision glass moulding (PGM), this study aims to evaluate the feasibility of employing CrWN–Ru coatings for protective purposes. Particular attention is given to the effect of Cr, Ti and Si interlayers on enhancing the service performance of the CrWN–Ru coating system. CrWN–Ru, Cr/CrWN–Ru, Ti/CrWN–Ru, and Si/CrWN–Ru coatings were deposited on quartz glass substrates using plasma-enhanced magnetron sputtering. A comparative experimental approach was adopted to investigate the mechanical and tribological properties of the four coating systems. The results demonstrate that plasma-enhanced magnetron sputtering enables the fabrication of CrWN–Ru coatings with satisfactory surface quality and structural stability on quartz glass substrates. The introduction of Cr, Ti, and Si interlayers was found to reduce the surface quality of the coatings without altering their preferred crystallographic orientation, while the phase structure remained stable. At the same time, the presence of interlayers enhanced the hardness and Young's modulus of the CrWN–Ru coatings, thereby improving their overall strength–toughness balance. Among the systems examined, the coating with a Cr interlayer exhibited the best performance, achieving the highest hardness (9.35 GPa) and Young's modulus (144.55 GPa), together with superior toughness and film–substrate adhesion. In contrast, the CrWN–Ru coating without an interlayer demonstrated excellent tribological behaviour, with the coefficient of friction and wear rate reaching as low as 0.326 and 1.14 × 10⁻⁷ mm³/N·m, respectively. However, the introduction of interlayers was observed to diminish the wear resistance of the CrWN–Ru coatings, and this adverse effect became more pronounced with increasing interlayer thickness. All four CrWN–Ru coatings were found to exhibit a similar wear damage mechanism, which proceeds through the sequence: friction - oxidation - adhesion - abrasive wear - crack formation - delamination. This study provides theoretical guidance for the design, optimisation, and performance tailoring of CrWN–Ru coatings on quartz glass substrates, thereby promoting the application of quartz glass in the field of precision glass moulding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"348 ","pages":"Article 131568"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}