Materials Chemistry and Physics最新文献

{"title":"The influence of micron-sized diamond particles on the hydrophobicity and hydrophobic durability of nickel-copper composite coatings","authors":"Qi Wen ,&nbsp;Tao Li ,&nbsp;Xuejia Yang ,&nbsp;Longchen Duan ,&nbsp;Bingsuo Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130905","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130905","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nickel-copper/diamond composite coatings were prepared through electrodeposition and their surfaces were modified with 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane. The effects of micron-sized diamond particle concentration and size on the surface morphology, roughness, chemical composition, hydrophobicity, and mechanical durability of the coatings were investigated. The results showed that the addition of diamond particles promoted the formation of cauliflower-like structures on the composite coating surface, increasing its erosion resistance and improving its hydrophobicity and durability. The coating obtained from a plating solution containing 8 g/L of 5 μm diamond particles retained its superhydrophobicity even after 16 h of erosion in quartz sand slurry. Furthermore, the co-deposition of small diamonds (1 μm) into the cauliflower-like structures enhanced their development and erosion resistance, resulting in improved hydrophobicity and durability. On the other hand, large diamond particles (20 μm, 40 μm) protected granular clusters, particularly their sides, from direct erosion by quartz sand, leading to better mechanical durability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"341 ","pages":"Article 130905"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143867755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon nanotube/conductive carbon black-filled natural rubber composites for strain sensing","authors":"Wasuthon Kitisavetjit ,&nbsp;Noppawan Paradee ,&nbsp;Kajornwut Ounjai ,&nbsp;Ekwipoo Kalkornsurapranee ,&nbsp;Rawiporn Promsung ,&nbsp;Jobish Johns ,&nbsp;Yeampon Nakaramontri","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130860","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130860","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Strain sensors were developed using conductive natural rubber (NR) and epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) composites filled with carbon nanotubes (CNT) and carbon black (CCB) to evaluate their rapid recovery after elastic deformation. The CCB concentration was set at 1.5 times the CNT concentration, with CNT and CCB contents maximized at 25 and 37.5 parts per hundred rubbers (phr), respectively. The crosslink propagation, mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties, and morphological characteristics were analyzed to elucidate the effect of the CNT/CCB hybrid filler within the NR and ENR matrices. Increasing the CNT/CCB content above 5/7.5 phr reduced the tensile strength and elongation at break due to filler agglomeration. However, the crosslink density, modulus, and production time improved. Compared to NR composites, ENR composites exhibited superior properties, attributed to the improved dispersion and distribution of fillers facilitated by the polarity of the ENR molecular chains. The selected composites were subjected to piezoresistive testing to evaluate the performance of strain sensors under stretching, compression, and bending protocols. The results revealed that CNT/CCB-filled ENR composites exhibited high sensitivity in tension and bending tests, while NR composites demonstrated appropriate signal responses in compression modes. This behavior was attributed to the critical CNT:CCB ratio of 20:30 phr, which enabled an optimal correlation between modulus and extensibility in the rubber matrix. This balance facilitated interactions between rubber molecular chains and the hybrid filler surface under multidirectional forces. These findings offer valuable insights for motion detection applications, particularly in scenarios involving deformation in multiple directions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"341 ","pages":"Article 130860"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Al–Tl co-doping on the optoelectronic properties of ZnO thin film: Experimental and DFT approach","authors":"Anurag Kumar ,&nbsp;Deepak Kumar Gorai ,&nbsp;Banty Kumar ,&nbsp;Tarun Kumar Kundu ,&nbsp;Md Imteyaz Ahmad","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130908","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130908","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thallium (Tl) and aluminium (Al) co-doping and radiative annealing in a 5 % hydrogen (H₂) and 95 % argon (Ar) atmosphere for 80 s were utilized to enhance the electrical and optical properties of the ZnO transparent conductive oxide (TCO) thin film. It was observed that solution-processed 2 at % Al and 0.5 at % Tl co-doped ZnO (TAZO) films have wurtzite structure with (002) orientation. The radiative annealing in a 5 % H₂ atmosphere results in the passivation of defects. Tl and Al co-doping significantly improves the electronic properties, crystallinity, morphology, transmittance, charge mobility, and conductivity of the ZnO thin film. A resistivity as low as ∼4.6 x 10⁻⁴ Ω-cm along with ∼92 % transparency was achieved in the 2 %Al-0.5 %Tl co-doped ZnO film. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations also showed mobility and electron density enhancement on co-doping Tl and Al in ZnO thin film. Reduced absorption coefficient and higher mobility after co-doping of Al and Tl can be beneficial for second and third-generation photovoltaic solar cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"341 ","pages":"Article 130908"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143888220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel and universal dual-functionalized Hazo-POPs@COOH-apt/PGE-based electrochemical biosensor for detection of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in raw milk sample: A versatile peroxidase-mimicking aptananozyme approach","authors":"Zill-E Huma ,&nbsp;Zill-I-Huma Nazli ,&nbsp;Gultekin Gokce ,&nbsp;Mustafa Ali ,&nbsp;Farhat Jubeen ,&nbsp;Akhtar Hayat","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130887","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130887","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A dual-functionalized electrochemical biosensor was developed for ultrasensitive detection of aflatoxin M₁ (AFM₁) in milk. AFM₁, a hydroxylated derivative of aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁), poses significant health risks, including reduced liver function, stunted growth in children, and immunosuppression. With no FDA-approved decontamination methods, a point-of-care (POC) device for rapid and precise AFM₁ detection is crucial. The electrochemical biosensor combines specificity from COOH-functionalized AFM₁-Aptamer (COOH-Apt) and <em>o</em>-hydroxyazobenzene polymers (Hazo-POPs) as a nanozyme probe at pencil graphite electrode (PGE). Hazo-POPs exhibiting integrated electroactive potential and peroxidase-like activity, independently utilized for AFM₁ detection. Hazo-POPs were characterized using XRD, FTIR, UV–Vis, DLS, Raman spectroscopy, and FESEM and BET. At the same time, PGE surface modification was analyzed through optical microscopy, contact angle measurement, FESEM, micro-CT, CV, and EIS. In method, I, PGE was modified with Hazo-POPs@COOH-Apt for an optimized electrochemical response. COOH-Apt immobilization (Hazo-POPs@COOH-Apt/PGE) exhibited increased current, whereas AFM1 incubation (Hazo-POPs@COOH-Apt/PGE/AFM1) blocked the electron transfer, leading to decreased current. Method II employed Hazo-POPs' peroxidase-like activity, measuring the DPV response of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), confirming aptananozyme (Hazo-POPs@COOH-Apt/PGE) specificity for AFM₁. H₂O₂ generated hydroxyl radicals (°OH) in the presence of Hazo-POPs and TMB was oxidized to diimine by these radicals, leading to reduced TMB peak values, indicating oxidation. The electrochemical biosensor (Hazo-POPs@COOH-Apt/PGE) exhibited a broad linear range (0.005–500 nM) and low LOD (0.004 nM in method I; 0.003 nM in method II). Validated in spiked milk samples, it showed high recovery (101.21–104 %), exceptional sensitivity, reproducibility, and stability for three weeks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"341 ","pages":"Article 130887"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication of Ag/SiO2 nanocomposite via the Stӧber and chemical reduction approach for detecting sub-ppm tetracycline concentration","authors":"Nguyen Thi Hue ,&nbsp;Tien Dai Nguyen ,&nbsp;Hong Van Bui ,&nbsp;Thi Bich Vu ,&nbsp;Dang Van Thai ,&nbsp;Thuy Phuong Nhat Tran ,&nbsp;Duc Tran Trong ,&nbsp;Huong Giang Nguyen Thi ,&nbsp;Quoc Tran Ha ,&nbsp;Nguyen Manh Hung","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130885","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130885","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, we report the synthesis of an Ag/SiO₂ nanocomposite (NC) via the Stӧber method coupled with chemical reduction for the sensitive detection of tetracycline (TC) antibiotic at sub-ppm levels. The Ag/SiO₂ NC consists of monodisperse SiO₂ nanospheres (NSs) (∼200 nm) decorated with Ag nanoparticles (NPs) of approximately 9.8 nm. Structural analysis confirms that the Ag NPs exhibit a highly pure face-centered cubic (<em>FCC</em>) phase with well-defined crystallinity. The Ag/SiO₂ NC demonstrates strong surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effects, with a characteristic peak at 400 nm, attributed to the interaction between the Ag NPs and the surface of SiO₂, thereby enhancing surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) response. Leveraging these properties, we fabricated a SERS-based sensor using the Ag/SiO₂ NC for TC detection at room temperature (RT), achieving high sensitivity, selectivity, and rapid response within a concentration range of 0.01–1.0 ppm. These findings underscore the potential of Ag/SiO₂ NCs as advanced materials for chemical sensing applications, benefiting from enhanced SPR effects, superior light trapping, and increased Raman signal amplification, thereby significantly improving the detection limit.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"341 ","pages":"Article 130885"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143847378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polydopamine-coated regenerated cellulose-bioceramic composite scaffolds for enhanced bone tissue engineering","authors":"Krittitee Thongnok ,&nbsp;Selorm Torgbo ,&nbsp;Nusaibah Sallehuddin ,&nbsp;Manira Maarof ,&nbsp;Thammarit Khamplod ,&nbsp;Mh Busra Fauzi ,&nbsp;Prakit Sukyai","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130891","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130891","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bone tissue engineering seeks innovative solutions to address the limitations of traditional bone grafts, such as donor site morbidity and limited availability. In this study, we developed composite scaffolds using regenerated cellulose blended with hydroxyapatite/cellulose nanocrystals (HC), synthesized via an in-situ regeneration process. To enhance cellular attachment and integration, the scaffolds were coated with polydopamine (PDA), a bio-inspired polymer known for its adhesive properties and ability to promote cell adhesion. Physical and mechanical characterization revealed that the scaffolds exhibited excellent porosity (&gt;91 %), a critical feature for facilitating nutrient diffusion and tissue ingrowth. Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) confirmed the presence of hydroxyapatite with a Ca/P ratio of 1.67, closely matching the stoichiometric composition of natural bone. Mechanical testing demonstrated that increasing HC content improved the compressive modulus, reaching 0.82 MPa in scaffolds containing 10 % HC (SHC10). Importantly, the scaffolds showed no cytotoxicity toward osteoblast cells (BMT001), exhibiting robust viability and biocompatibility. These findings suggest that PDA-coated regenerated cellulose-bioceramic scaffolds represent a promising alternative for bone tissue engineering applications, offering both structural integrity and biological functionality. Future work will explore their performance in preclinical models to validate their translational potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"341 ","pages":"Article 130891"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting CO adsorption sites in Co-doped zeolite via density functional theory calculations","authors":"M.I. Shilina,&nbsp;I.P. Gloriozov","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130893","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130893","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The interaction of CO with Co/MFI and the structural features of stabilization of extra-framework Co-species in the straight channel of the zeolite were investigated by using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, employing the ω_CO/r_CO correlation for calculations of CO stretching frequencies. Various locations of two Al atoms are considered depending on the number (from 1 to 4) of silicon atoms separating former atoms. The calculated CO stretching frequencies of 2200-2195 cm⁻¹ found for models with the divalent cobalt cation located near closely spaced Al atoms (k = 1, 2) in 10R-str zeolite channel corresponds most closely to the experimental frequencies. The probability of а stabilization of the divalent cation in models with a distant arrangement of two Al atoms in the straight channel of the MFI is rather low. On the contrary, an isolated arrangement of Al atoms assists the formation of more probable structures of the binuclear Co^II-oxo and Co^III-oxo cations. The highest values of the calculated CO stretching frequency (2206-2226 cm⁻¹) correspond to the models with [Co^III-(O₂)-Co^III]²⁺ oxo cation. According to DFT calculations, these Co^III-binuclear clusters are the most likely active sites of redox reactions on Co/MFI catalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"341 ","pages":"Article 130893"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143851631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the structure and properties of SAW joints of low carbon equivalent DH36 marine steel","authors":"Luyun Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Dongxue Jiang ,&nbsp;Henan Huang ,&nbsp;Zhiwei Zeng ,&nbsp;Junwei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130879","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130879","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, a submerged arc welding (SAW) process study was carried out for low-carbon-equivalent DH36 marine steel, using 30 kJ/cm welding heat input with OK Autrod 13.27 wire for multi-layer multi-pass welding of 30 mm thick plate. The microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance of the joints were tested and analyzed. Results indicated that the joints exhibited good formation without porosity or cracks. The upper part of the weld metal (WM) was dominated by polygonal ferrite (PF) while the lower part was primarily composed of acicular ferrite (AF). The tensile strength of the joints ranged from 541 to 552 MPa, with the lower layer exhibiting the highest strength. The fracture occurred in the inclined heat-affected zone (HAZ), corresponding to the lowest hardness value, and the tensile fracture surface displayed ductile fracture characteristics. At −20 °C, all regions of the joint demonstrated excellent low-temperature impact performance. The WM exhibited the highest impact toughness. The microstructural variability and brittle phase at the fusion line (FL) led to low-impact toughness and cleavage fracture. Under the effect of welding thermal cycling, the microstructure of HAZ was not obviously coarsened, and the impact toughness was good, with an average impact energy exceeding 105 J. A large number of fine AF were found in WM, both fine crystals and hard phases existed in HAZ, and micro-galvanic corrosion occurred between carburize and ferrite (F) in base metal (BM). The order of corrosion resistance of welded joints after 21 days of immersion corrosion for the three zone samples was WM &gt; HAZ &gt; BM, which is in line with the polarization curve results. The low carbon equivalent DH36 marine steel has been shown to have excellent weldability, and its HAZ ensures high toughness while displaying corrosion resistance properties superior to BM, with good prospects for industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"341 ","pages":"Article 130879"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143855575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of alloying elements on the microstructure and high-temperature oxidation behavior of yttrium-based alloys","authors":"Xijie Wu ,&nbsp;Ao Liu ,&nbsp;Zixie Wang ,&nbsp;Jie Pan ,&nbsp;Yuming Liu ,&nbsp;Jun Li ,&nbsp;Hui Li ,&nbsp;Qiliang Mei ,&nbsp;Jing Gao ,&nbsp;Mengqi Wang ,&nbsp;Xueshan Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130884","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130884","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Yttrium hydride is recognized as an effective neutron moderator material due to its superior thermal stability and high hydrogen retention capability at elevated temperatures. In this study, the influences of alloying elements Zr, B, and Dy on the microstructure, microhardness, and high-temperature oxidation resistance of yttrium-based alloys were systematically investigated. The primary objective was to mitigate cracking issues encountered during hydrogenation and subsequent operational applications of these alloys. Yttrium-based alloys with varying compositions were fabricated through vacuum arc melting. The microstructure and phase composition of these alloys were characterized. Experimental results revealed that Dy was solid dissolved in the Y matrix for solid solution strengthening, while Zr with limited solubility precipitated as α-Zr for second-phase strengthening, both significantly improving the alloy hardness. Simultaneously, grain refinement is achieved through the formation of YB₂ and ZrB₂ compounds by the B element, leading to further optimization of mechanical properties. High-temperature oxidation experiments conducted at 900 °C revealed that optimal oxidation resistance was exhibited by B-containing alloys (Y-1.2B and Y-1.2B-5Dy), attributable to the formation of highly stable borides at grain boundaries. In contrast, antioxidant performance was found to be degraded due to grain boundary corrosion exacerbated by preferential oxidation of Zr elements. The formation of a composite oxide layer consisting of Dy₂O₃ and Y₂O₃ was observed upon Dy element addition, resulting in effective suppression of oxygen diffusion and consequent significant improvement in the alloy's high-temperature stability. Through comprehensive performance evaluation, Y-1.2B and Y-1.2B-5Dy alloys were identified as exhibiting superior characteristics in terms of microstructure, hardness, and oxidation resistance, thereby establishing them as promising candidate systems for advanced neutron shielding material research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"341 ","pages":"Article 130884"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-fluorinated, anti-reflective, self-cleaning and durable silane based superhydrophobic coating for floating solar cells","authors":"R. Anne Sathya,&nbsp;Caroline Ponraj","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130880","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Floating photovoltaic (FPV) modules are increasingly adopted for sustainable energy generation but their outdoor exposure to dust and environmental pollutants significantly reduces power generation efficiency and increases maintenance requirements. To the best of our knowledge this is first study to report an anti-reflective, fluorine-free, transparent, durable and superhydrophobic coating to the floating solar cells or floatovoltaics. The innovative double layer design features an anti-reflective bottom layer and a superhydrophobic top layer. The anti-reflective layer, covalently bonded to the substrate for enhanced adhesion, incorporates a nanoporous structure with a refractive index of 1.384 enhancing light transmittance. The superhydrophobic top layer, composed of silica nanoparticles on the nanoporous framework achieves a static water contact angle of 158.2 <span><math><mrow><mo>±</mo><mspace></mspace><mn>0.7</mn><mo>°</mo></mrow></math></span> facilitating self-cleaning and dust repellence. The coating demonstrated a maximum transmittance of 93.137 % at 582 nm, 3.31 % higher than bare glass. The study also attempts to experimentally calculate the surface free energy over commonly reported theoretical values by using Owens-Wendt method to corroborate the inverse relationship between surface roughness and surface energy which are the fundamental properties of superhydrophobic surfaces. In the self-cleaning test, the coating effectively repelled dust and pollutants including those specific to both freshwater and marine environments of FPV systems. Durability tests revealed strong mechanical and chemical properties, including passing a 3H pencil hardness test, five tape adhesion cycles and maintaining a water contact angle of 147.7 <span><math><mrow><mo>±</mo><mspace></mspace><mn>1.6</mn><mo>°</mo></mrow></math></span> after sandpaper abrasion and sand fall impact tests. Additionally, the coating demonstrated superior UVA resistance ensuring suitability for prolonged outdoor exposure. This facile and low cost production method is believed to offer an effective solution enhancing the efficiency of floating solar cells, marking a significant advancement in the field of photovoltaic module surface engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"341 ","pages":"Article 130880"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143847298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}