International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research最新文献

{"title":"IMPACT OF BIOFERTILIZERS AND CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS ON NODULATION, N UPTAKE AND GROWTH OF SOYBEAN (Glycine max L.)","authors":"B. Fitriatin, R. Prathama, R. Hindersah","doi":"10.46609/ijaer.2020.v06i01.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46609/ijaer.2020.v06i01.003","url":null,"abstract":"Soybean is one of the important food crops as a source of protein. Nowadays, soybean production should be increased due to higher demand in certain region in Indonesia. Biofertilizer inoculation combine with chemical fertilizer is suggested to increase the soil fertility to support soybean cultivation and decrease the use of chemical fertilizer. The pot experiment was conducted to get the information concerning nodulation, nitrogen uptake and growth of soybeans ( Glycine max L.) after biofertilizer and Nitrogen (N), Phosphorous (P) as well as potassium (K) single fertilizer application. The experiment was set up in a randomized block design with seven treatment and four replications. The treatments consisted of two doses of biofertilizer (3 L ha -1 and 5 L ha -1 ) combined with three doses of N, P, K fertilizer (50%, 75% and 100% recommended dosage). The pot control received no biofertilizer. biofertilizers contained N-fixing bacteria ( Azotobacter chroococcum, A. vinelandii, Azospirillum sp. and endophytic Acinetobacter sp.) and phosphate solubilizing microbes (Pseudomonas cepaceae and Penicillium sp.). The results of experiment showed that the application of biofertilizer 5 L ha -1 combined with 75% chemical fertilizer increased the nodules number, nitrogen uptake and dry weight of plant at the end of vegetative stage. This study suggested that biofertilizer might be used to increase growth of soybean and chemical fertilizer efficiency. The pot experiment was conducted in field station, Faculty of Universitas The experimental site was located in the tropics at 756 m above the sea lavel. The soybean cv Anjasmoro were sown in soil of Inceptisols order collected from Jatinangor District, West Java, Indonesia (clay texture; pH 5,58; C-org 1,89%; N 0,24%; P 2 O 5 Bray 30,25 ppm; CEC 20,76 cmol.kg -1 Consortium biofertilizer which contained N-fixing bacteria Azotobacter chroococcum, A. vinelandii,Azospirillum sp and Acinetobacter sp ., as well as Phosphate solubilizing microbes Pseudomonas cepaceae and Penicillium sp. has been developed by Laboratory of Soil Biology in said Institution. The density of bacteria and fungi in liquid biofertilizers were 10 7 CFU mL -1 and 10 5 CFU mL -1 respectively. Urea, TSP and KCl single Chemical fertilizers were produced by national fertilizer industry. The recommended dosage of said fertilizer for soybean cultivation in Indonesia were Urea (46% N) 50 kg ha -1 , triple super phosphate (36% P 2 O 5 ) 100 kg ha -1 , KCl (60% K 2 O)100 kg ha -1 and cow manure 2 t ha -1 . The compost of cow manure was prepared by Faculty of Husbandry Universitas manure was neutral in acidity 7.50 , N 0.94%, P 2 O 5 0,37% and K 2 O 0.29% and 25.38%","PeriodicalId":182275,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129475369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EVALUATING THE EFFICIENCY AND RESISTANCE TOWARDS THE ABIOTIC FACTORS IN THE NEWLY BRED VARIETIES OF THE CEREAL CROPS","authors":"H. Martirosyan, M. Hovhannisyan, M. Abovyan","doi":"10.46609/ijaer.2020.v06i01.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46609/ijaer.2020.v06i01.004","url":null,"abstract":"New varietal samples of cereals (wheat-rye, barley, emmer) obtained at the Research Center of the Plant Gene pool and selection of the Armenian National Agrarian University were tested in arid and rainfed zones of the Republic of Armenia. Wild forms of wheat and barley served as the paternal form for obtaining the varietal samples. As a result of research, it was found that the yield of the obtained varietal samples under arid conditions exceeded the traditionally cultivated in these zones varieties of wheat-rye, barley and emmer, by 8.1; 9.2; 7.7 kg/ha, respectively. Their introduction into production can be extremely important on the way to solving the problem of climate change in the context of global warming, and provide high profits for farmers.","PeriodicalId":182275,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"26 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116837210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF RHIZOBIA STRAINS ASSOCIATED WITH MUNGBEAN (VIGNA RADIATA), IN SOILS OF SUDANO-GUINEAN AND SAHELIAN AGROECOLOGICAL ZONES OF MALI","authors":"Lalla Karim SANOGO, Bocar Ahamadou, F. Kanté, Hawa Sanogo","doi":"10.51193/ijaer.2022.8611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51193/ijaer.2022.8611","url":null,"abstract":"In the Sudano-Guinean and Sahelian zones of Mali, the decline in soil fertility is a key challenge for a sustainable enhancement of agricultural productivity. In addition, studies on the diversity of bacteria associated with Mungbeans are rare, with very few studies conducted on their identification and molecular characterization in the soils of the major agricultural production basins in the Sudano-Guinean and Sahelian Guinean zones of Mali. This study was therefore motivated not only by these different challenges of productivity and soil fertility, but also by the numerous nutritional and agronomic interests of mung beans and the possibility of using its associated bacteria as bio-fertilizers. It aims at contributing to the improvement of mung bean (Vigna radiata L) productivity and the promotion of its cultivation using inocula based on indigenous and efficient bacteria. To achieve this objective, soil samples were taken from various farmers' fields in the two studied areas. The Physico-chemical characteristics of the soils were determined, and trapping trials were conducted in the greenhouse on these soils with Mung bean as the trap plant. The nodules formed on the plants were harvested, the rhizobia contained in these nodules were isolated, the IGS of the 16S-23S rDNA of the isolates was analyzed using PCR-RFLP, and an inoculation test was carried out in a growth chamber to verify the infectivity of the isolates. Eighty-three (83) isolates divided into two groups according to their color (whitish, yellowish) and three (03) IGS types (I, II, III) were encountered with a large dominance of IGS type I in the Guinean zone and that of IGS types I and II in the Sahel zone. Two (02) isolates of type IGS I showed a higher infectivity. These results show a low diversity of rhizobium strains associated with Mung bean in the studied soils. It would be interesting to extend this study to other areas of Mali for strains that associate with Mung bean.","PeriodicalId":182275,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"118 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120851360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ESTIMATION OF CARBON SEQUESTRATION FROM OLIVE TREE GROVES IN THE ISLAND OF CRETE, GREECE","authors":"John Vourdoubas","doi":"10.51193/ijaer.2020.6402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51193/ijaer.2020.6402","url":null,"abstract":"Tree plantations remove atmospheric carbon through photosynthesis, assisting in climate change mitigation. Olive oil is the main agricultural product produced in the island of Crete, Greece. The role of olive groves in carbon removal in the island has not been investigated so far. The current work aims in evaluating the annual carbon sequestration in Crete from olive groves. Existing data regarding carbon removal rate from olive trees have been used combined with the cultivated area of olive tree orchards in Crete. The annual carbon removal rate in olive groves is at 2.5 tC/ha while the area of olive tree plantations in Crete is estimated at 142,900 ha. The annual carbon sequestration rate due to olive groves in Crete is estimated at 1,310,393 tCO2 or 1.92 tCO2 per capita. This is compared with 3.03 tCO2 per capita emitted during electricity generation in the island and 0.14 tCO2 per capita emitted due to heating oil use in heating buildings. It corresponded at 32.54 % of the total CO2 emissions per capita in the country in 2017. The results indicate that carbon sequestration due to olive groves in Crete is not negligible and it should be taken into account in designing the appropriate policies for reducing the carbon footprint in the island.","PeriodicalId":182275,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115071192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE OF THE MEDICINAL COMPONENTS OF MORINDA CITRIFOLIA L. (NONI) COMPARED TO SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE AS AN INCOME GENERATION STRATEGY TO LIVELIHOOD","authors":"A. S., Arthur E. M., Teye E. K, A. B.","doi":"10.51193/ijaer.2021.7504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51193/ijaer.2021.7504","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":182275,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122354661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF SOIL PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND HEAVY METAL CONCENTRATIONS IN OWERRI MUNICIPAL DUMPSITES","authors":"Osisi A.F., Azu D.E.O, Onwudike S.U., Agim L.C., Nkwopara U., Okoli N.H., Egeonu, P.","doi":"10.51193/ijaer.2023.9301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51193/ijaer.2023.9301","url":null,"abstract":"Heavy metals pose a serious threat to our environment due to the fact that majority of annual vegetable crops consumed by man and animal are produced from the polluted sites without knowing the level of it taken up by plant which revolves into food chain. This study evaluated the variability of soil physicochemical properties and heavy metals concentration in Owerri municipal dumpsites in Imo State. Samples were collected in three replicates 0, 5 and 10m away from refuge dumpsites at 0 - 30cm depth using soil auger in Ihiagwa, Avu, Abazu and Obinze. Samples were analyzed for soil properties and heavy metals-concentrations using standard methods. The concentrations of the studied heavy metals (Pb and Cr) were compared with the permissible limits of other countries. pH results from the analyzed sampled soils from the four locations were high (6.89, 6.80, 6.59 and 6.40) in Ihiagwa, Abazu, Obinze and Avu respectively while organic carbon followed the trend Ihiagwa>Avu>Abazu>Obinze. Organic carbon and total Nitrogen concentrations followed the same trend in Ihiagwa, Avu, Abazu and Obinze. Pb concentrations in the studied sites were above the standard limit recommended (0.05mg/kg) by Federal Environmental Protection Agency but within limit (100mg/kg) stipulated by European Commission. Nevertheless, Pb concentration was within the tolerance limit set by European Union but should be cautiously minimized to prevent health hazard on man and the environment. The use of refuge dumpsite for cultivation of arable crops should be avoided and lands on cultivation should be given a distance from the refuse sites.","PeriodicalId":182275,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124708451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ORGANIC FARMING: A DRY LAND TECHNOLOGY FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE","authors":"Nazeerudin","doi":"10.51193/IJAER.2021.7207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51193/IJAER.2021.7207","url":null,"abstract":"Organic agriculture, a holistic system that focuses on improvement of soil health, use of local inputs, and relatively high-intensity use of local labor, is a favorable fit for dry lands in multi directional ways, and the dry lands offer farmer friendly technologies in rural areas of the country. In this context, a brief review on current potential of organic Farming in dry land regions is presented. It also critically examines the strategic action for promoting organic farming in dry lands. Finally concludes that, organic farming provides a solution to environmental externalities in Indian dry lands.","PeriodicalId":182275,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121164546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON CROPPING SYSTEM AND ADAPTATION STRATEGIES UNDERTAKEN BY INDIGENOUS COMMUNITY: A CASE STUDY FROM JIRI MUNICIPALITY, DOLAKHA, NEPAL","authors":"Madhu Paudel, Deepa Timsina","doi":"10.51193/ijaer.2022.8501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51193/ijaer.2022.8501","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is a proven and burning issue in world. It has visibly impacting different nation. The study was focused to assess the impact of climate change on cropping system and adaptation strategies undertaken by indigenous community in Jiri Municipality of Dolakha district, Nepal in 2022, which was dominated by the indigenous community namely Jirel. In survey, 212 households were selected from five wards of Jiri Municipality using purposive sampling technique. Preliminary study, scheduled questionnaire survey, field observation, focus group discussion and key informant interview were the primary information sources and secondary information were collected and analyzed using SPSS software; Microsoft Excel and Logistic regression model. From this research on Jiri Municipality of Dolakha district of country Nepal, it is again proved that the climate at the local level has been experiencing increasing trends of both precipitation and temperature (1992-2021). Analysis of agricultural data and meteorological data (2008/09 to 2019/20) shows that the annual yield of the crops like maize, wheat, millet and potato are increasing annually. This signifies that there was positive impact to crop production of study area. At the same time series, both trend of temperature and precipitation are annually increasing. Farmers have experienced that agricultural productivity is decreasing than in the recent years because of different diseases, pest, erratic rainfall, etc. However, there was also positive impact of climate change in study area because climatic variables created favorable environment to grow cauliflower, cabbage, chilly, pumpkin, lemon, kiwi fruit and spinach which were unusual crop species of study area before. Local people’s experience part shows mixed outcomes i.e. positive as well as negative impact on agricultural production due to climate change. As per the analysis of sales of chemical fertilizers data (2014/15 to 2019/20) in the study area, there was fluctuating trend of chemical fertilizers i.e. significant decrease in the sales of urea with 107.64 Mt per year. Crop yield trend showed highly positive correlation for maize, wheat and millet whereas low positive correlation for potato along with the sales of chemical fertilizers. Majority of the respondents are practicing intercropping and planning to use hybrid seeds, pesticides, chemical fertilizers, tunnel and irrigation channel, similarly, to adapt new crops and to change planting time of crops. Whereas, 100% of the respondents were using bio fertilizers to cope with increasing climatic trend.","PeriodicalId":182275,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"180 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127861092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CROP AGRICULTURE OF CHITTAGONG HILL TRACTS: REVIEWING ITS MANAGEMENT, PERFORMANCE, VULNERABILITY AND DEVELOPMENT MODEL","authors":"M. I. Hossain, Z. A. Riyadh, J. Ferdousi, Md. Abiar Rahman, S. Saha","doi":"10.51193/ijaer.2020.6505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51193/ijaer.2020.6505","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the crop production systems with their impacts on environment in Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHTs) of Bangladesh. Boro-fallow-T. aman, fallow-fallow-T. aman and fallow-aus+non-rice (jhum) are the major cropping patterns in CHTs. Crop agriculture in hill is mainly divided into two systems i.e. plain land plough agriculture and non-plough slope agriculture. In valley and foothill, irrigated seasonal and annual crops are cultivated extensively. In hilly slope; shifting cultivation, horticultural plantation, agroforestry and mixed fruit gardening are practiced in Bangladesh. Shifting cultivation (jhum) is a traditional system being practiced in the CHTs by the tribal communities. An increasing trend of fruit cultivation and production is observed in CHTs. Agroforestry and perennial fruit gardening showed lucrative economic benefits with environmental stability in this region. Extensive jhum practice creating a dilemma in conserving nature and food production. Soil erosion is extensive in CHTs due to shifting cultivation and monocropping systems. Tobacco and, slash and burn method of cultivation are very destructive to land and forest ecosystems. Sustainable alternate land use of jhum farming including multistorey agroforestry and multistrata fruit orchard have evolved in some areas of CHTs. Although alternate land use practices started, extensive expansion should be ensured rapidly for the development of agricultural","PeriodicalId":182275,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123902787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ACCESS TO THE RURAL ELECTRIFICATION INITIATIVE AND LIVELIHOOD IMPROVEMENT IN RURAL SANGA SUB COUNTY AND SANGA TOWN COUNCIL, UGANDA","authors":"Gertrude Kirabo Namakula, Orach-Meza Faustino","doi":"10.51193/ijaer.2023.9103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51193/ijaer.2023.9103","url":null,"abstract":"Electricity is such an important utility that has transformed communities by empowering them financially through different activities that generate income (World Bank, 2015). Without electricity, many communities struggle to obtain the resources necessary to lift themselves out of a static state which greatly impacts people’s lives. Rural communities have a genuine and justifiable need for electricity (World Bank, 2016). These communities want to use electricity in relatively small quantities in order to: pump water, transport commodities, engage in income generating activities, practice modernized healthcare, and increase available light to extend work and leisure hours. Unfortunately, the road to achieving electrification is complex and costly. Currently, Uganda’s electricity sector is in flux: after the passage of the 1999 Electricity Act private enterprise was introduced into all aspects of the sector. Since that time, problems with power theft, insufficient supply, geographic isolation, and high infrastructure costs have inhibited rural communities from gaining access to electricity (RESP, 2013). This paper attempts to uncover some of the major challenges of making electricity accessible in Uganda, a developing country with a large rural population. Information was obtained through site visits, area appraisals, interviews with key informants, and general observation. The subsequent sections provide a reasonably extensive overview of the electricity sector in Uganda; foundational information that is necessary if one is to truly understand the electricity situation. Two case studies were covered in this study and these were; Rural Sanga Sub County and Sanga Town Council with their challenges as far as electrification is concerned. The final section contains recommendations for making electricity more accessible to rural Ugandans, based on the information gathered during the research period.","PeriodicalId":182275,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122181881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}