Livestock Science最新文献

{"title":"A salmonella-challenge impacts the variability of performance, body composition and lysine requirements of growing pigs under poor housing conditions","authors":"M.T. Ortiz,&nbsp;P.R. Arnaut,&nbsp;G.A.C. Valini,&nbsp;I. França,&nbsp;C.A. Silva,&nbsp;M.J.K. de Oliveira,&nbsp;D.A. Marçal,&nbsp;A.D.B. Melo,&nbsp;L. Hauschild","doi":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105462","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Reduced performance for pigs under challenging sanitary conditions is a well-documented response, but little is known about its effect on the variability in performance and nutrient requirements. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a sanitary challenge in the variability of growth performance, body composition and lysine (Lys) requirements of growing pigs. Data of 40 animals from a population of 120 growing female pigs (25.4 ± 3.7 kg) that were either raised in good sanitary condition (SC) (<em>n</em> = 20) or inoculated with 5 mL of 2 × 10⁹ UFC of <em>S.</em> Typhimurium (ST) and raised under poor SC (ST + Poor; <em>n</em> = 20) in a 28-day trial. For this study, only the pigs fed the control diet and which had body composition measured were used. Observed individual daily feed intake (DFI) and BW data were smoothed by linear regression. Protein deposition (PD) was estimated considering predicted daily gain (DG) and the relation between observed PD and DG. These variables were integrated in a factorial equation to estimate daily individual Lys requirements. During the first experimental week, animals in the ST + Poor SC had higher rectal temperature, higher haptoglobin and lower albumin concentrations than the animals in the Good SC (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The sanitary challenge also caused reductions (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) in final BW (- 9.5 %), ADG (-20.3 %), DFI (-8.5 %), and PD (-20.3 %). For ST + Poor SC pigs, Lys requirements were 19.4 % lower on day 28 and 9.9 % lower throughout the experimental phase compared to Good SC pigs. When analysing individual pig variability, compared to GOOD SC, pigs under ST + Poor SC had a greater CV for final BW (+19.2 %), ADG (+41.5 %), DFI (+22.5 %), PD (+41.5 %), and for Lys requirements (+29.0 %) throughout the experimental phase. Moreover, the differences in Lys requirements between the least and the most demanding pigs were 17 % in the ST + Poor SC, and 14 % in the Good SC. These results demonstrate that despite the sanitary challenge reducing BW, ADG, DFI, PD, and Lys requirements, it enhances the variability of growth performance, body composition and Lys requirements of growing pigs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18152,"journal":{"name":"Livestock Science","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 105462"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140543035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Milk urea nitrogen is genetically associated with production and reproduction performance of dairy cows: A meta-analysis","authors":"Navid Ghavi Hossein-Zadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105461","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis using the random-effects model to integrate published estimates of genetic parameters for milk urea (MU) and milk urea nitrogen (MUN). The study used a total of 49 heritability and 147 genetic correlation estimates from 30 papers published between 2003 and 2023. The heritability estimates for MU and MUN were low and equal to 0.202 and 0.181, respectively. The genetic correlation estimates between MU and production traits were low and ranged from -0.039 (between MU and milk lactose percentage) to 0.102 (between MU and milk protein yield), but the genetic correlation estimates between MUN and production traits were low and varied from -0.070 (between MUN and somatic cell score) to 0.357 (between MUN and milk protein yield). The genetic correlation estimates between MUN and calving to first service, days open, and first service conception rate were low and equal to 0.093, 0.329, and 0.069, respectively. The results of present study showed that available additive genetic variation in MU and MUN could potentially be exploited in dairy cow genetic selection schemes. Although the correlations of MU and MUN with production and reproduction traits were low, there were some cases where they were unfavorable, and they should not be neglected when planning selection programs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18152,"journal":{"name":"Livestock Science","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 105461"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140342285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pedigree based description of the Pannon White rabbit","authors":"János Posta ,&nbsp;Zs. Matics ,&nbsp;Zs. Gerencsér","doi":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105460","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aims of the current research were to evaluate the quality of the pedigree, generation interval, gene origin, inbreeding, and effective population size of the current Pannon White rabbit breeding population. The pedigree information was supplied by the experimental farm of the Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, who is responsible for the maintenance of the Pannon White rabbit breed. The studbook data of the registered animals up to 2022 were analysed. The active population in 2022 was chosen as the reference population for the current study. The complete generation equivalent was 12.11 whereas the average maximum generations was 39.15 for the reference population. All animals of the breeding stock were inbred, the average Wright's inbreeding coefficient was 12.52 %. Kalinowski's decomposition of inbreeding showed that inbreeding is originated mainly from the past. The proportion of rabbits having more than 30 GCI was above 30.02 % for the total population, whereas it was above 36.45 % for the reference population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18152,"journal":{"name":"Livestock Science","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 105460"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140342286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selecting an appropriate statistical model for estimating genetic parameters: A case study of pig maternal breeds in Czechia","authors":"Jan Calta ,&nbsp;Eliška Žáková ,&nbsp;Emil Krupa ,&nbsp;Jaroslav Čítek ,&nbsp;Karolína Dvořáková Machová ,&nbsp;Ladislav Tichý ,&nbsp;Jan Stibal ,&nbsp;Luboš Vostrý","doi":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105457","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105457","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A three-trait statistical model was designed for backfat thickness (BFT) and loin eye muscle depth (LMD) with accompanying variable average daily gain (ADG). Data from 82,507 Czech Large White and 37,556 Czech Landrace pigs were collected during on-farm performance testing from 2013 to 2022. Several animal models were tested with different combinations of effects and complexity. Model performance was evaluated by the linear regression (LR) method and predictivity. In Czech Large White, the preferred model comprised fixed effects of sex, birth year, herd, and ultrasound device, as well as random effects of herd-year-season (HYS), litter, and animal. In Czech Landrace, HYS was treated as fixed instead. The inclusion of maternal effects was not supported due to questionable impact on the main statistics. The selected model yielded mean absolute bias of 0.11 and 0.19, mean determination of 0.39 and 0.21, mean population accuracy of 0.36 and 0.31, and mean predictivity of 0.13 and 0.08 in Large White and Landrace, respectively. Heritability estimates were overall lower than those reported by other authors: 0.23, 0.10, and 0.10 in Large White and 0.26, 0.10, and 0.09 in Landrace for ADG, BFT, and LMD, respectively. Genetic correlations, on the other hand, reached relatively high values: 0.61, 0.61, and 0.66 in Large White and 0.71, 0.92, and 0.70 in Landrace for ADG-BFT, ADG-LMD, and BFT-LMD, respectively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18152,"journal":{"name":"Livestock Science","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 105457"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140280796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect on calf growth of accounting for early in vitro degradation kinetics when composing a calf starter ration","authors":"L.E. Sembach,&nbsp;L.R.H. Nielsen,&nbsp;M.M. Jensen,&nbsp;R. Dhakal,&nbsp;H.H. Hansen","doi":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105459","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105459","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Degradation kinetics of concentrates were investigated <em>in vitro</em> and fed to calves to determine if weight gains reflected <em>in vitro</em> results. Five concentrate ingredients (steam dried sugar beet pulp, drum dried sugar beet pulp, toasted faba beans, untreated faba beans and soybean hulls) were fermented using the <em>in vitro</em> gas production technique in two 48 hour fermentations and degradation parameters were established. Two pairs of calf starter rations were formulated based on the <em>in vitro</em> degradation profiles of the individual concentrates and pelleted. The rations were balanced using NorFor – the Nordic feed evaluation system- to provide a similar net energy (MJ/day) but with differing <em>in vitro</em> degradation kinetics during the first 16 h of fermentation. Each pair consisted of rations made with concentrate ingredients that had an expected <em>in vitro</em> rapid (“Fast”) degradation and an expected <em>in vitro</em> slower (“Slow”) degradation relative to each other during the first 16 h of fermentation. The first pair (Fast_1 and Slow_1) consisted mainly of a single fast or slow <em>in vitro</em> degraded concentrate ingredient, either steam dried sugar beet pulp (48.5 % of dry matter) or drum dried sugar beet pulp (49.5 %), respectively. The second pair (Fast_2 and Slow_2) included two expected fast or slow <em>in vitro</em> degraded ingredients. The extra “Fast” concentrate ingredient, in addition to steam dried sugar beet pulp, was untreated faba beans, which brought the total fast concentrate ingredients in the Fast_2 ration to 64 % of DM. The second “Slow” concentrate ingredient was toasted faba beans, in addition to soybean hulls, which replaced the drum dried sugar beet pulp. The total “Slow” ingredients in the Slow_2 ration was 65.8 % of DM. The first pair of concentrate rations were each fed to 18 calves on a commercial dairy farm, while the second pair was fed to 59 calves each on a beef fattening station. The calves were fed for 8 weeks, and each calf was weighed weekly. The mean total weight gain of each calf after the trial was 68.5 kg and 68.6 for Fast_1 and Slow_1, respectively and 64.9 kg and 63.8 kg for Fast_2 and Slow_2, respectively. There was a tendency for Slow_1 to lead to increased growth compared to Fast_1 (<em>P</em> <em>=</em> <em>0.052</em>), when accounting for the initial weight of the calves, but there were no differences between Fast_2 and Slow_2. There was no significant effect on feed efficiency. The large differences in fermentation kinetics seen in the concentrate ingredients <em>in vitro</em> were not seen in the concentrate rations or the weight gain response of the growing calves.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18152,"journal":{"name":"Livestock Science","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 105459"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871141324000660/pdfft?md5=db90e15c883c60304fc7e32e51a0ff6b&pid=1-s2.0-S1871141324000660-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140272597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of three different grass silage-based total mixed rations on meat quality of finishing Holstein and Nordic Red dairy bulls","authors":"Liisa Keto ,&nbsp;Katariina Manni ,&nbsp;Arto Huuskonen","doi":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105458","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105458","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The objective of the present experiment was to study the effects of different silage-based diets on beef quality of Holstein (HO) and Nordic Red (NR) bulls. Moderate concentrate diet (MC) included grass silage (GS), barley grain and mineral-vitamin mixture in proportions of 600:385:15 on dry matter basis while the respective proportions on low concentrate diet (LC) were 850:135:15. No concentrate diet (NC) included GS, whole-crop barley silage and mineral-vitamin mixture (685:300:15). Thirty-five HO and 30 NR bulls (21–22 bulls per feeding treatment) were randomly selected for the meat quality research. One day post-slaughter, the muscle <em>longissimus lumborum</em> (LL) from the right side of each carcass was cut at the level of the first lumbar vertebra. The pH value of LL muscle was highest in LC, intermediate in MC and lowest in NC diet but did not differ between the breeds. For meat lightness a significant (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) breed × diet interaction was observed. The NR bulls had lighter meat compared to the HO bulls especially with MC, but not with LC. Meat redness and yellowness were higher in MC compared to LC or NC fed bulls (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). The breed did not affect meat redness, but yellowness was higher in HO compared to NR bulls (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Drip loss was higher in LL of HO than NR bulls (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). The diets had no effects on marbling score but it was higher in NR than HO bulls (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Shear force was lowest in MC but no difference was found between the LC and NC and between the breeds. No differences between the treatments were found in sensory tenderness, juiciness, and flavour. Overall, the observed diet effects on meat eating quality were minor. This demonstrated the ability of finishing dairy bulls to adapt to different feedings without major effects on meat quality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18152,"journal":{"name":"Livestock Science","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 105458"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140277742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of phenotyping and genotyping strategies, and the use of conventional or organic sires on genetic gain in an organic pig population","authors":"R.M. Zaalberg ,&nbsp;J.B. Clasen ,&nbsp;H. Bovbjerg ,&nbsp;J. Jensen ,&nbsp;T.M. Villumsen ,&nbsp;T.T. Chu","doi":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105456","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105456","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Optimizing organic pig breeding schemes depends on how to best allocate resources to phenotyping and genotyping. This study investigates how phenotyping and genotyping strategies affect genetic gain in a small organic pig population. We used stochastically simulated breeding schemes aimed at producing three-way crossbred finisher pigs. The simulated breeding schemes varied in the availability of phenotypes and genotypes for purebreds and crossbreds, the origin of the sire, and the genetic correlation between purebred and crossbred performance. For each simulated breeding scheme, genetic gain and rate of inbreeding were collected for up to 100 replicates. Phenotyping of crossbred individuals did not improve the genetic gain in the purebreds or the crossbreds. Genotyping purebred sows did improve genetic gain in both purebreds and crossbreds. Genetic gain and rate of inbreeding were maximized when internal sires were used, assuming strong GxE between organic and conventional production systems. Yet, breeding schemes that used internal sires had a larger variance in the genetic gain than those that used external sires. In conclusion, breeding schemes for organic pigs can be optimized by using internal sires and by genotyping the purebred parents. Yet, the rate of inbreeding and population size should be taken into careful consideration when developing an independent breeding program for a small (organic) population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18152,"journal":{"name":"Livestock Science","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 105456"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871141324000635/pdfft?md5=eee8d52a87b7941ad6f7d02f44f11120&pid=1-s2.0-S1871141324000635-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140151515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the genetic origin of Brazilian locally adapted breeds: Admixture, population history and relationship with Portuguese and indicine cattle","authors":"Lucas Lima Verardo ,&nbsp;Pamela Itajara Otto ,&nbsp;Marco Antonio Machado ,&nbsp;João Cláudio do Carmo Panetto ,&nbsp;Daniele Ribeiro de Lima Reis Faza ,&nbsp;Andréa Alves do Egito ,&nbsp;Andreia Sofia Martins Vitorino ,&nbsp;Maria Inês Carvalho Martins Carolino ,&nbsp;Nuno Pimentel Carolino ,&nbsp;Marcos Vinicius Gualberto Barbosa da Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105455","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105455","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The domestication of bovines has given rise to distinct phenotypes resulting in diverse breeds worldwide. Subsequent artificial selection has further enriched the complexity and diversity to cattle sub-species adapting them to their various purposes and evolving environment. Among these cattle sub-species, native Portuguese cattle breeds are considered a repository of biodiversity shaped by genetic and environmental effects accumulated over the years. In Brazil, taurine animals were introduced between the 16th and 17th centuries by the European conquerors to be used for food, leather, and animal traction. Through generations of casual crossings in diverse ecosystems, these animals became adapted to a wide range of environments and displaying varying levels of phenotypic variability and improved fitness to local conditions, hereafter recognized as Iberian-derived Locally Adapted breeds. Thus, we focused in assess 13 cattle breeds representing two geographic origins: Portuguese Iberian cattle and Brazilian Iberian-derived Locally Adapted breeds. The aim is to understand the genetic architecture of Brazilian Iberian-derived Locally Adapted breeds and their potential relationship with Portuguese Iberian cattle and Brazilian indicine breeds. In our study, we observed varying extents of linkage disequilibrium across the evaluated breeds, along with differences in effective population size. Runs of homozygosity analyses revealed different genes associated with common traits, even within a cluster group. For instance, genes related to immune response, such as <em>MAVS</em> (Mertolenga), <em>DTX</em> (Barrosã), <em>ZBTB16</em> (Brava de Lide), <em>DUSP22</em> (Pantaneiro), and <em>IL7R</em> (Caracu Dairy and Caracu Beef). Overall, our results highlight that both populations studied, with their specificities, are crucial sources of animal genetic resource of animal genetic resources for food and agriculture. While consanguineous matings are somehow controlled in both Portuguese Iberian and Brazilian Iberian-derived Locally Adapted breeds, our analysis of genetic variability suggests that ongoing precautions are necessary in the management of these populations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18152,"journal":{"name":"Livestock Science","volume":"282 ","pages":"Article 105455"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140151373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sire breed has a larger impact on sensory and technological meat quality than dam breed in beef-on-dairy heifers reared on forage and semi-natural grasslands","authors":"Fie F. Drachmann ,&nbsp;Viktoria Olsson ,&nbsp;Karin Wallin ,&nbsp;Nicolai F.H. Jensen ,&nbsp;Anders H. Karlsson ,&nbsp;Margrethe Therkildsen","doi":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105453","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105453","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the meat quality of beef-on-dairy heifers from Holstein or Swedish Red-and-White dams sired by Angus or Charolais bulls reared on forage and semi-natural grasslands. Production systems with moderately high and low feeding intensities were compared, where animals grazed for one or two summers and were slaughtered at 20 or 27 months of age, respectively. Meat quality of crossbred heifers from Holstein and Swedish Red-and-White dams was comparable in <em>M. longissimus lumborum</em> (LL) and differed in pH, yellowness and Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) in <em>M. semimembranosus</em> (SM) with Swedish Red-and-White being less tough. Compared with LL from Charolais crossbreeds, LL from Angus was redder and had lower WBSF, higher intramuscular fat concentration (IMF%), a more pronounced metallic flavour and a more pronounced umami taste. Meat quality of SM did not differ between Angus and Charolais crossbreeds. Generally, the production system with moderately high feeding intensity resulted in less tough beef that was lighter and less red and had higher IMF%. Consequently, beef from Charolais crossbreeds reared at a low feeding intensity exhibited the poorest meat quality with the lowest IMF% in LL (2.80 and 3.77 % for Holstein and Swedish Red-and-White, respectively). Nevertheless, crossbreeds did not differ in sensory meat quality. Generally, meat quality of beef-on-dairy heifers reared on forage and semi-natural grasslands was high, and while Angus crossbreeds delivered high-quality beef from both feeding intensities, Charolais crossbreeds are better suited for the moderately high feeding intensity, when aiming for high meat quality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18152,"journal":{"name":"Livestock Science","volume":"282 ","pages":"Article 105453"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S187114132400060X/pdfft?md5=eb1f6b785b44952c06ac44cec7cd7735&pid=1-s2.0-S187114132400060X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140151514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three HPS5 mutations associated with depigmentation in diverse horse breeds","authors":"Aiden McFadden ,&nbsp;Katie Martin ,&nbsp;Micaela Vierra ,&nbsp;Holly Robilliard ,&nbsp;Erica W. Lundquist ,&nbsp;Robin E. Everts ,&nbsp;Samantha A. Brooks ,&nbsp;Christa Lafayette","doi":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105454","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105454","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Depigmentation is a common phenotype in <em>Equus caballus</em> (horse); over 50 identified variants cause white spotting on the skin and coat. <em>HPS5</em> may influence melanocyte proliferation and mutations in this gene cause depigmentation in humans, mice, and zebrafish. Here we report three equine <em>HPS5</em> mutations, found in most major breed groups and associated with white spotting. We used a standardized method to quantitatively grade depigmentation, creating a White Score for each horse. We identified associations to each of three variants in <em>HPS5</em> by comparing the average white score for carriers to that of 41 control horses possessing none of the studied variants. We estimated the functional impact of each mutation using SIFT, GenScan, I-TASSER and cross-species conservation. The first mutation, S1013C termed <em>Eden White 1 (EDXW1)</em>, is a missense mutation found to increase average depigmentation by 5.56 points (<em>p</em> = 6.47E-6, <em>n</em> = 70, <em>t</em>-test). <em>Eden White 2 (EDXW2)</em>, a missense mutation L560F, increased depigmentation by 9.5 points for individuals with one copy of the variant, but we were unable to phenotype homozygotes (<em>p</em> = 5.55E-16, <em>n</em> = 47, <em>t-</em>test). <em>Eden White 3 (EDXW3),</em> a putative donor splice site mutation at exon 4 + 4, increased white by 5.59 points on average (<em>p</em> = 9.56E-6, <em>n</em> = 101). <em>EDXW1</em> and <em>EDXW3</em> are epistatically influenced by <em>MC1R</em>, the gene that controls black vs red coat color in horses. Individuals possessing the dominant <em>E</em> allele produce black pigment, and this allele was associated with higher levels of depigmentation than individuals with the recessive chestnut genotype (<em>e/e</em>) (<em>p</em> = 1.50E-5, <em>p</em> = 1.26E-5 respectively). We tested for epistatic interactions between <em>EDXW1</em> and <em>Dominant White 20</em> and found that horses with one copy of each allele had increased average white spotting by 8 points with respect to <em>EDXW1/n</em> or <em>W20/n</em> horses. Compound heterozygotes were significantly more white than horses with one copy of either mutation (<em>p</em> = 7.33E-5), but interactions between other white spotting alleles and EDXW alleles remain to be tested. We propose the convention <em>Eden White</em> (<em>EDXW</em>) for <em>HPS5</em> mutations in the domestic horse.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18152,"journal":{"name":"Livestock Science","volume":"282 ","pages":"Article 105454"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140151450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}