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Grease material properties from first principles thermodynamics 润滑脂材料性质热力学第一原理
IF 1.9 4区 工程技术
Lubrication Science Pub Date : 2023-07-29 DOI: 10.1002/ls.1672
Jude A. Osara, Sathwik Chatra, Piet M. Lugt
{"title":"Grease material properties from first principles thermodynamics","authors":"Jude A. Osara,&nbsp;Sathwik Chatra,&nbsp;Piet M. Lugt","doi":"10.1002/ls.1672","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ls.1672","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Thermodynamics has historically been used to derive characteristic material properties. In this study, fundamental thermodynamics is applied to grease. First-principle formulations of existing material properties—heat capacity and storage modulus—and new properties—thermal strain and stress coefficients, chemical resistance and thermo-chemical decay coefficient—are derived, some of which are experimentally determined. A new group of Maxwell relations is introduced by replacing the classical compression work <math>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>PdV</mi>\u0000 </mrow></math> with the grease shearing work <math>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mtext>Vτdγ</mtext>\u0000 </mrow></math>. The physical interpretations and implications of these properties on grease behaviour and performance are presented. Experimental measurements of the derived properties are performed in accordance with the theoretical formulations. Six different grease types are studied. Obtained results are shown to conform with anticipated, observed and established grease behaviours. The proposed properties can be used in grease performance and degradation analyses, as well as grease selection for lubrication applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":18114,"journal":{"name":"Lubrication Science","volume":"36 1","pages":"36-50"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ls.1672","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48736139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Structural characterisation of iron sulfide tribofilms formed on carbon and stainless steels 碳和不锈钢上形成的硫化铁摩擦膜的结构特征
IF 1.9 4区 工程技术
Lubrication Science Pub Date : 2023-07-21 DOI: 10.1002/ls.1668
Makoto Miyajima, Mitsuharu Yonemura, Kazuyuki Kitamura, Keishi Matsumoto, Kazuyuki Yagi
{"title":"Structural characterisation of iron sulfide tribofilms formed on carbon and stainless steels","authors":"Makoto Miyajima,&nbsp;Mitsuharu Yonemura,&nbsp;Kazuyuki Kitamura,&nbsp;Keishi Matsumoto,&nbsp;Kazuyuki Yagi","doi":"10.1002/ls.1668","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ls.1668","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigated tribofilm layers formed under boundary lubrication using a polysulfide additive on S45C and SUS304 steel surfaces. In the tribotests, the friction coefficient of the SUS304 disc fluctuated and increased more gradually in comparison to that of the S45C disc. The tribofilm on the S45C disc comprised the outermost and inner layers of FeS<sub>2</sub> (pyrite) and FeS (troilite), respectively. Notably, all the tribofilm layers on the SUS304 disc surface contained pyrite. The tribofilm on the SUS304 disc was weakly crystalline in the outermost layer and thinner than that on the S45C disc. The poor formation of the tribofilm on the SUS304 disc was potentially caused by the unstable friction coefficient and scuffing.</p>","PeriodicalId":18114,"journal":{"name":"Lubrication Science","volume":"36 1","pages":"22-35"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43455434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Study on mechanical characteristic of angular contact ball bearing with local defects under elastohydrodynamic lubrication 弹流润滑下局部缺陷角接触球轴承的力学特性研究
IF 1.9 4区 工程技术
Lubrication Science Pub Date : 2023-07-20 DOI: 10.1002/ls.1670
Kai Liu, Chunli Lei, Ruizhe Song, Wei Xue, Jianhua Li
{"title":"Study on mechanical characteristic of angular contact ball bearing with local defects under elastohydrodynamic lubrication","authors":"Kai Liu,&nbsp;Chunli Lei,&nbsp;Ruizhe Song,&nbsp;Wei Xue,&nbsp;Jianhua Li","doi":"10.1002/ls.1670","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ls.1670","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) model of angular contact ball bearings (ACBB) with local defects under spin condition is established. The local defect surface profile is characterised. On this basis, the modified quasi-static model of ACBB with local defects is proposed. Then, the comprehensive stiffness model of ACBB with local defect under EHL is built, and the influence of different factors on the mechanical characteristics of ACBB with local defect is investigated. The results show that with the increase of the local defect size, the equivalent contact stiffness of the defect area decreases, and the contact load in non-defect area increases. Considering EHL, the contact deformation of bearing decreases, the contact load and equivalent comprehensive stiffness increases obviously. The axial contact angle of the defect area largely determines the equivalent comprehensive stiffness of the roller at the defect.</p>","PeriodicalId":18114,"journal":{"name":"Lubrication Science","volume":"36 1","pages":"9-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48912409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Tribological characteristics evaluation of a helical gear pair based on the tribo-dynamic model 基于摩擦学模型的斜齿轮副摩擦学特性评价
IF 1.9 4区 工程技术
Lubrication Science Pub Date : 2023-07-19 DOI: 10.1002/ls.1671
Mingyong Liu, Xinguang Han, Chunai Yan, Zhouhuan Ouyang, Dezhong Qi
{"title":"Tribological characteristics evaluation of a helical gear pair based on the tribo-dynamic model","authors":"Mingyong Liu,&nbsp;Xinguang Han,&nbsp;Chunai Yan,&nbsp;Zhouhuan Ouyang,&nbsp;Dezhong Qi","doi":"10.1002/ls.1671","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ls.1671","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this paper, a tribo-dynamic model of a helical gear is established. For the lubrication sub-model, a finite line thermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication model of helical gear is adopted. The lateral vibration, axial vibration of gear and torsional vibration of the gear shaft are considered in the dynamic sub-model. Results show that the tribological parameters of helical gear under the tribo-dynamic model deviate significantly from that of the quasi-static model, especially in the engaging-in region of tooth pair. The friction excitation mainly affects the vibration along the off-line-of-action direction of the gears. The influence of operating conditions on the tribological and dynamic properties of a helical gear pair is significant, especially in the case related to the characteristic frequency of gears.</p>","PeriodicalId":18114,"journal":{"name":"Lubrication Science","volume":"35 8","pages":"616-635"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42839880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Wear resistance by copolymers with controlled structure under boundary lubrication conditions 边界润滑条件下可控结构共聚物的耐磨性
IF 1.9 4区 工程技术
Lubrication Science Pub Date : 2023-07-19 DOI: 10.1002/ls.1669
T. Omiya, F. De Bon, T. Vuchkov, A. C. Serra, A. Cavaleiro, J. F. J. Coelho, F. Ferreira
{"title":"Wear resistance by copolymers with controlled structure under boundary lubrication conditions","authors":"T. Omiya,&nbsp;F. De Bon,&nbsp;T. Vuchkov,&nbsp;A. C. Serra,&nbsp;A. Cavaleiro,&nbsp;J. F. J. Coelho,&nbsp;F. Ferreira","doi":"10.1002/ls.1669","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ls.1669","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Lubricants are of paramount importance in protecting metallic contact surfaces and reducing friction. The viscosity of lubricating oil can be engineered by introducing long linear polymers, such as poly(lauryl methacrylate) (PLMA). In particular, the formation of adsorption films by using polymers with hydroxy or amino side groups has attracted much attention in recent years. In this study, copolymers with controlled structure were synthesised by SARA ATRP, which can be used in large scale production. A comparison of friction and wear under boundary lubrication was conducted using both statistical and block copolymers with low <i>Ð</i>. Friction test results using a reciprocating sliding machine (SRV) showed that the block copolymers were less likely to desorb from the metal surface than the statistical copolymers. In addition, the wear evaluation after the SRV test showed that the block copolymer had less wear and less wear debris.</p>","PeriodicalId":18114,"journal":{"name":"Lubrication Science","volume":"36 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48734428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Research on characteristics of splash lubrication and power losses of reducer based on MPS method 基于MPS法的减速器飞溅润滑及功率损失特性研究
IF 1.9 4区 工程技术
Lubrication Science Pub Date : 2023-06-14 DOI: 10.1002/ls.1667
Huanlong Liu, Tao Wei, Jianyi Zhou, Chixin Xie
{"title":"Research on characteristics of splash lubrication and power losses of reducer based on MPS method","authors":"Huanlong Liu,&nbsp;Tao Wei,&nbsp;Jianyi Zhou,&nbsp;Chixin Xie","doi":"10.1002/ls.1667","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ls.1667","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The distribution of lubricant flow field inside the two-stage transmission reducer is very complicated during splash lubrication, which is difficult to be visually simulated and analysed using traditional finite element methods (FEM). There are many problems in model processing, algorithm selection, mesh division, and computational workload. Through sufficient investigation and experimental validation based on literature, the moving particle semi-implicit (MPS) method is proposed to study the splash lubrication characteristics of a rail vehicle reducer. Through this method, the visual simulation calculation of multiple working conditions of reducer with complex structure is realised, and the unreasonable structure of the gearbox body is optimised. The model of oil supply demand in the Hertz contact zone of gear transmission is established, and the time-domain variation law of oil particles number in the contact zone and oil supply state are analysed. It is found that the optimised reducer model can meet the demand of oil supply under the four typical working conditions of the rail vehicle. The higher the initial oil volume is, the more sufficient the oil supply is. Compared with the working temperature conditions of 20 and 80 °C, the lubrication effect is better at 40 and 60 °C. By analysing the power loss proportion of each gear, it is found that the sum of power loss of gear 1 and gear 2 is dominant under different working conditions, reaching 76%–99.5% of the total churning power losses.</p>","PeriodicalId":18114,"journal":{"name":"Lubrication Science","volume":"35 8","pages":"596-615"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46819990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of sliding speed on the thermohydrodynamic performance of partially slip-textured slider bearings 滑动速度对部分滑动纹理滑块轴承热流体力学性能的影响
IF 1.9 4区 工程技术
Lubrication Science Pub Date : 2023-05-21 DOI: 10.1002/ls.1657
Sartaj Singh, Saurabh Kango
{"title":"Effect of sliding speed on the thermohydrodynamic performance of partially slip-textured slider bearings","authors":"Sartaj Singh,&nbsp;Saurabh Kango","doi":"10.1002/ls.1657","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ls.1657","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The present study evaluates the combined use of micro-textures and ‘wettability gradient’ on the thermohydrodynamic performance of inclined slider bearings. Mass conserving Elrod cavitation model with slip boundary condition has been used to investigate the dimensionless static performance parameters at different convergence ratios and sliding speeds. The most effective location of the wettability gradient and textures has been considered in the present work. It has been observed that with the increase in sliding speed, the load carrying capacity, friction force and volumetric inflow rate of the slip-textured bearings were improved. The improvements were more pronounced at smaller convergence ratios. Moreover, the slip-textured bearings exhibited significant improvement in the average pressure and temperature of the lubricant. However, at higher sliding speeds, a substantial increase in friction force and average lubricant temperature was noticed. The square textured slip bearing exhibited maximum improvements towards various performance parameters of the three considered texture shapes.</p>","PeriodicalId":18114,"journal":{"name":"Lubrication Science","volume":"35 8","pages":"574-595"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48896868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Structure design and sealing performance analysis of the sealing mechanism of the drilling tractor 钻井拖拉机密封机构的结构设计及密封性能分析
IF 1.9 4区 工程技术
Lubrication Science Pub Date : 2023-05-17 DOI: 10.1002/ls.1666
Jianguo Zhao, Ju Wang, Guorong Wang, Qingyou Liu, Ying Zhang
{"title":"Structure design and sealing performance analysis of the sealing mechanism of the drilling tractor","authors":"Jianguo Zhao,&nbsp;Ju Wang,&nbsp;Guorong Wang,&nbsp;Qingyou Liu,&nbsp;Ying Zhang","doi":"10.1002/ls.1666","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ls.1666","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In order to ensure the reliability of drilling tractor in the downhole operation, three high-temperature and high-pressure sealing mechanisms are designed in this paper to balance the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the drilling tractor, namely the triangular, the U-shaped and the right-angle combined sealing structure. In this paper, three models of combined sealing structures are established, the contact stress of different contact surfaces of the three combined sealing structures is analysed by simulation method, and their sealing performance is studied and compared. By comprehensively comparing the effects of pre-compression ratio, working medium pressure and reciprocating motion on the sealing effect of the three combined sealing structures, the optimal combined sealing structure of the drilling tractor is selected as the U-shaped combined sealing structure. The research results of this paper can provide reference and theoretical basis for the design and selection of the combined sealing structure.</p>","PeriodicalId":18114,"journal":{"name":"Lubrication Science","volume":"35 8","pages":"549-573"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49216939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Tribological evaluation of PAO 100 oil-based lithium greases with chemically functionalized nanoadditives 化学功能化纳米添加剂对PAO 100油基锂脂摩擦学性能的影响
IF 1.9 4区 工程技术
Lubrication Science Pub Date : 2023-05-08 DOI: 10.1002/ls.1656
Homender Kumar, Harsha A. P., Sooraj Singh Rawat
{"title":"Tribological evaluation of PAO 100 oil-based lithium greases with chemically functionalized nanoadditives","authors":"Homender Kumar,&nbsp;Harsha A. P.,&nbsp;Sooraj Singh Rawat","doi":"10.1002/ls.1656","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ls.1656","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The lubricating greases employed in this study were formulated with polyalphaolefin (PAO) 100 as the base oil and 12-lithium hydroxystearate as the thickener. The sol–gel method was used to produce the LaF<sub>3</sub> nanoadditives. The oleic acid-treated LaF<sub>3</sub> (i.e., OA-LaF<sub>3</sub>) and carboxylic acid-treated MWCNTs (i.e., COOH-MWCNTs) were blended in the formulated grease samples and used as nanoadditives. The detailed microstructural and chemical properties of chemically treated nanoadditives were investigated using HR-TEM, XRD, FTIR and XPS analyses. Using a four-ball tester, the effect of different concentrations of nanoadditives on the tribo-performance of greases was investigated. Tribo-test results revealed the role of nanoadditives in PAO-based grease lubrication performance. COOH-MWCNTs and OA-LaF<sub>3</sub> nanoadditives outperformed PAO grease in terms of physicochemical and tribo-performance for steel-steel tribo-pair. The improved tribo-performance is attributed to the formation of tribo-film on the contact interfaces via nanoadditives. The development of tribo-film was confirmed by XPS analysis of worn surfaces.</p>","PeriodicalId":18114,"journal":{"name":"Lubrication Science","volume":"35 7","pages":"528-548"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47927946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Improvement of tribological properties of water-based ZnO nanoparticles lubricant for zirconium alloy cold rolling by hydroxyethyl cellulose 羟乙基纤维素改善水基ZnO纳米颗粒锆合金冷轧润滑剂的摩擦学性能
IF 1.9 4区 工程技术
Lubrication Science Pub Date : 2023-05-04 DOI: 10.1002/ls.1653
Qi Liu, Jing Li, Junfeng Zhang, Hengdi Yuan, Ange Nsilani Kouediatouka, Guangneng Dong
{"title":"Improvement of tribological properties of water-based ZnO nanoparticles lubricant for zirconium alloy cold rolling by hydroxyethyl cellulose","authors":"Qi Liu,&nbsp;Jing Li,&nbsp;Junfeng Zhang,&nbsp;Hengdi Yuan,&nbsp;Ange Nsilani Kouediatouka,&nbsp;Guangneng Dong","doi":"10.1002/ls.1653","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ls.1653","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Currently, substantial adhesion wear frequently occurs in Zr alloy cold rolling, which not only affects the quality of product's surface, but shortens the mould's service life. In this paper, water-based lubricant was prepared by using ZnO as additive and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) as dispersant. The tribological test results showed the friction coefficient decreased by a maximum of 84.6%, and the friction surface was smooth and flat, with essentially no wear. By analysing the friction area, it was found after ZnO entered the friction interface, HEC carried a hydrated molecular layer to form a stable lubrication film at the interface. This film worked with nanoparticles to reduce friction and wear, and is expected to prolong the service life of rolling dies.</p>","PeriodicalId":18114,"journal":{"name":"Lubrication Science","volume":"35 7","pages":"513-527"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46121945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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