{"title":"An enhanced technique for friction stir welding of ceramic particle reinforced aluminium based metal matrix composites","authors":"Paneerselvam Natarajan, Sekar Tamilperuvalathan, Vijayakumar Murugesan, Kumaresan Govindasamy","doi":"10.1002/ls.1687","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ls.1687","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This manuscript proposes an enhanced technique for the friction stir welding (FSW) of ceramic particle-reinforced aluminium-related metal matrix composites. The proposed technique is the joint implementation of both the Aquila Optimizer and Pelican Optimization Algorithm. This proposed method aims is to enhance the welding efficiency, quality, and overall performance of the weld joints. The test is conducted in an all-purpose machine at cutting speeds that permit temperatures that are comparable to the FSW of stainless-steel, aluminium alloys and copper. Reaction–diffusion studies are conducted to better understand the diffusion-control process under tool wear, and the tool wear rate is determined by the length of the cutting tool's nose tip. Rotational speed at 10 mm/min is examined. SiC exhibits the highest performance of aluminium and stainless steel. As the fraction of SiC increases to 18%, the axial force and rotational speed of FSW also increase.</p>","PeriodicalId":18114,"journal":{"name":"Lubrication Science","volume":"36 3","pages":"162-176"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139092501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Flow field analysis and structure optimization of liquid sodium hybrid bearing","authors":"Fei Song, Xuefeng Yang, Zhiqiang Zhang, Wenlong Dong, Min Wu, Zhiyuan Wang, Yeqi Zhu","doi":"10.1002/ls.1684","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ls.1684","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Liquid sodium hybrid bearing is mechanical pump shaft bottom key support components, that play a balanced radial force of the impeller by fluid effect, in order to improve the bearing performance, based on the calculation model, simulation analysis, structure improvement and other aspects of analysis, this paper based on the theory of fluid mechanics of bearing finite element model for numerical calculation and analysis of flow field. Under different eccentricities and vibration velocities, the influence of structure improvement on bearing capacity is analysed. The results show that the bearing capacity of the liquid sodium hybrid bearing is mainly the hydrostatic bearing capacity, and the hydrodynamic pressure only plays an auxiliary role. After the improvement of the load-bearing structure, the load-bearing capacity is increased by 4%–7.3%. And the leakage is reduced by 27%–38% when the depth of the annular groove is 0.6 mm.</p>","PeriodicalId":18114,"journal":{"name":"Lubrication Science","volume":"36 3","pages":"177-196"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139092443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nanoparticles encapsulated carbon nanotubes dispersed lubricants for enhanced tribology through particle-phase variation","authors":"Nisha Ranjan, Muthusamy Kamaraj, Sundara Ramaprabhu","doi":"10.1002/ls.1689","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ls.1689","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nanostructures as an inert additive to the lubricant act as a tiny friction reduction element by providing asperity filling, polishing, and film formation mechanism at the nanoscale dimension under the boundary layer regime. Here, we explore the synthesis and tribology application of iron-carbon-based nanoparticles encapsulated multiwall carbon nanotubes (Fe-C-CNTs). Three Fe-C nanoparticles phase that is, Fe<sub>3</sub>C-CNTs, Fe<sub>3</sub>C-Fe-CNTs, and Fe-CNTs are synthesised. In particular, the emphasis here is on the effect of nanoparticle phase variation on the tribology property. The tribology property of the prepared nanomaterials is studied by dispersing it in commercially used Servo gearbox oil. The coefficient of friction and wear is found reduced in all dispersions compared to the base gearbox oil confirming the manifestation of nanoscale mechanisms at the tribo-interface. It is revealed that the phase variation shows more impact on the alteration of friction coefficient compared to the dispersion concentration variation analysed using ANOVA two-way technique. Further, the diameter and composition analysis of the wear scar is used to comprehend the underlying mechanism of the encapsulated particle phase variation. The findings suggest that the Fe-CNTs dispersions are efficient in reducing friction to a larger extent but also promote the interface oxidation leading to enhanced wear and roughness whereas, Fe<sub>3</sub>C-CNTs and Fe<sub>3</sub>C-Fe-CNTs are chemically stable providing smooth sliding and less wear.</p>","PeriodicalId":18114,"journal":{"name":"Lubrication Science","volume":"36 3","pages":"149-161"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139065558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kai Zhou, Zonglin Pan, Xin Luo, Ping Yang, Pengfei Wang
{"title":"Laser surface textures enhance the friction and wear behaviour of orthodontic brackets","authors":"Kai Zhou, Zonglin Pan, Xin Luo, Ping Yang, Pengfei Wang","doi":"10.1002/ls.1682","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ls.1682","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Minimising the friction force of the archwire-bracket sliding contact is crucial for achieving a high-quality orthodontic treatment. Micro-dimples and micro-grooves textures were successfully produced on the two slot surfaces of the stainless steel orthodontic brackets with the laser surface texturing technology. The effect of surface texture on reducing the friction and wear behaviour of the stainless steel archwire-bracket sliding contact combinations in artificial saliva environment was investigated. Friction coefficients of less than 0.15 and mild wear were obtained by using the three rows micro-grooves textured bracket with a width of 60 μm and a spacing of 150 μm. The friction and wear performance was further enhanced with the addition of orthodontic wax materials. It was strongly argued that the synergetic effects of the fabricated micro-grooves texture and the added orthodontic wax materials leading to the outstanding friction and wear behaviour of the archwire-bracket sliding contacts.</p>","PeriodicalId":18114,"journal":{"name":"Lubrication Science","volume":"36 2","pages":"135-148"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139057831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tribological performance of polymeric friction modifiers under sliding rolling contact condition","authors":"Febin Cyriac, Xin Yi Tee, Pui Shan Chow","doi":"10.1002/ls.1678","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ls.1678","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The tribological performance of two polymeric friction modifiers, one based on an ester-based compound and another based on an ethoxylated fatty ester and an organic friction modifier, oleamide, was studied at 50, 90 and 140°C using a Mini Traction Machine equipped with optical interferometry and electrical contact resistance. The ability to form surface film is found to vary among the friction modifiers and with temperature and rubbing duration. Despite a thinner film being formed, polymeric friction modifier (PFMs) exhibited lower friction and wear than oleamide at all the studied temperatures. Further, the PFMs reduced boundary friction more effectively at higher temperature. In accordance with lower boundary friction, a smoother surface topography characterized by low wear was exhibited by PFM lubricated surfaces at higher temperatures. Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive x-ray analysis and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry provided insights on the tribofilm formation. The improvement in the tribological performance of PFMs is attributed to temperature-induced conformation transition of adsorbed polymer chains on the surface. The results are corroborated by data obtained from dynamic light scattering and gel permeation chromatography.</p>","PeriodicalId":18114,"journal":{"name":"Lubrication Science","volume":"36 2","pages":"119-134"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135695668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hailemichael O. Yosief, Majher I. Sarker, Grigor B. Bantchev, Robert O. Dunn
{"title":"Isopropyl-branched lard and its potential application as a bio-based lubricant","authors":"Hailemichael O. Yosief, Majher I. Sarker, Grigor B. Bantchev, Robert O. Dunn","doi":"10.1002/ls.1673","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ls.1673","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Regular lard (RL) was chemically modified into isopropyl-branched lard (BL). The isopropyl group was introduced into the triglyceride structure via a reaction of carbon–carbon double with isopropyl bromide in presence of ethylaluminum sesquichloride. The reaction was confirmed with gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared spectroscopy. The physical, tribological and chemical properties of the RL, BL and their blendings in polyalphaolefin (PAO) and high-oleic sunflower oil (HOSuO) were investigated. The BL exhibited better solubility both in HOSuO and PAO than RL. Compared to RL, BL exhibited higher density, viscosity, improved oxidative stability and cold flow properties both as a neat material and blendings in HOSuO or PAO. However, BL displayed lower viscosity index (197 vs. 162) compared to RL. Both RL and BL displayed similar lubricity as HOSuO and showed potential such as a good lubricity additive in PAO even in small amounts (~10 wt%). This study reveals introducing alkyl branching into lard can lead to improved physico-chemical properties and lubrication performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":18114,"journal":{"name":"Lubrication Science","volume":"36 2","pages":"104-118"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136264596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Numerical investigation of wheel-rail adhesion using a simplified three-dimensional model considering surface roughness and temperature","authors":"Jiaqing Huang, Bing Wu, Guangwen Xiao, Quan Shen","doi":"10.1002/ls.1677","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ls.1677","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Wheel-rail adhesion is important to the traction and braking of railway vehicles. This paper develops a three-dimensional numerical model considering surface roughness and temperature to investigate water-contaminated adhesion characteristics. A simplified elastohydrodynamic lubrication model considering the thermal effect is developed to obtain the normal load carried by liquid film and asperities. Meanwhile, a third body layer (3BL) model, which considers the effects of pressure and temperature on 3BL, is used to calculate the tangential stress and friction coefficient of asperity contact. To verify the numerical model, firstly, the results are compared with the existing experimental results at low and high speeds. In addition, the effects of surface roughness and temperature on adhesion coefficient are investigated. Furthermore, the elastoplastic behaviour of the tangential stress and the adhesion characteristics for large creepages are studied. The obtained adhesion-creepage curve can represent the decreasing trend after reaching saturation because of temperature.</p>","PeriodicalId":18114,"journal":{"name":"Lubrication Science","volume":"36 2","pages":"88-103"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135258271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Deepak Kumar Prasad, Santhosh Kumar Kamarapu, Neeraj Kumar Bhoi, M. Amarnath, H. Chelladurai
{"title":"Experimental investigation to assess the effect of graphene blended lithium grease on friction, wear, and surface morphology of 52100 chrome alloy steel contacts","authors":"Deepak Kumar Prasad, Santhosh Kumar Kamarapu, Neeraj Kumar Bhoi, M. Amarnath, H. Chelladurai","doi":"10.1002/ls.1675","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ls.1675","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The results of a research on the tribological behaviour of lithium grease with the addition of graphene nanoparticles are presented in current work. Using a four-ball tribometer, the wear and friction coefficient of lithium grease and blended grease samples with graphene additions were assessed. The significance of graphene in enhancing the tribological properties of grease materials is evident from experimental results. In the experimental investigation, a considerable decrease in wear and friction co-efficient values was also noted. One weight percent addition of graphene to base grease decreases friction by 23.73% and wear scar width by 19.51%.</p>","PeriodicalId":18114,"journal":{"name":"Lubrication Science","volume":"36 2","pages":"65-73"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135691151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Longqi Sun, Qin Zhao, Rui Ma, Huaigang Su, Gaiqing Zhao, Xiaobo Wang
{"title":"The size effect of typical micro- and nano-calcium carbonate additives on the friction properties of calcium sulfonate grease","authors":"Longqi Sun, Qin Zhao, Rui Ma, Huaigang Su, Gaiqing Zhao, Xiaobo Wang","doi":"10.1002/ls.1674","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ls.1674","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper firstly reports the size effect of typical micro- and nano- calcium carbonate additives on the friction properties of calcium sulfonate grease. The rheological and tribological performance of calcium sulfonate grease with typical micro- and nano- calcium carbonate additives were investigated at 30 or 80°C by Rheometer and Optimol SRV-V tester. To its surprise, calcium sulfonate grease with 5% calcium carbonate microparticles behave remarkable lubrication performance than calcium sulfonate grease with 5% calcium carbonate nanoparticles under boundary lubrication condition according to the rheological analysis and tribological evaluation. The enhancement in excellence tribological performance can be attributed to the synergistic effect between calcium carbonate microparticles and calcium carbonate in thickener of calcium sulfonate grease. The thin film composed of CaCO<sub>3</sub> and CaO on the worn surface generated by solid particles is conducive to reducing friction and wear.</p>","PeriodicalId":18114,"journal":{"name":"Lubrication Science","volume":"36 2","pages":"74-87"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135784326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hongjuan Hou, Jiaxing Pei, Dongxing Cao, Leilei Wang
{"title":"Study on mixed elastohydrodynamic lubrication performance of point contact with non-Gaussian rough surface","authors":"Hongjuan Hou, Jiaxing Pei, Dongxing Cao, Leilei Wang","doi":"10.1002/ls.1676","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ls.1676","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A numerical method is proposed to evaluate the effect of non-Gaussian roughness on point contact elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL). A mixed EHL model of point contact, considering non-Gaussian roughness, is developed. The oil film pressure in the model was controlled by the Reynolds equation of average flow, and the contact pressure of asperity was obtained by the rough surface micro-contact model. The influence of non-Gaussian roughness parameters on contact pressure distribution, film thickness profile and the ratio of asperity pressure to contact load (asperity load ratio) are investigated based on the mixed EHL model. The results show that the asperity pressure increases as root mean square (RMS) roughness increases, skewness and kurtosis. The film thickness also increases with RMS roughness and skewness, but is not sensitive to kurtosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":18114,"journal":{"name":"Lubrication Science","volume":"36 1","pages":"51-64"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135885431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}