N.S. Abeysingha, Man Singh, Adlul Islam, Manoj Khanna, V.K. Sehgal, H. Pathak
{"title":"Impacts of Climate Change on Stream Flow in the Gomti River Basin of India","authors":"N.S. Abeysingha, Man Singh, Adlul Islam, Manoj Khanna, V.K. Sehgal, H. Pathak","doi":"10.52151/jae2017544.1639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52151/jae2017544.1639","url":null,"abstract":"Potential impacts of climate change on streamflow in the Gomti River basin of India were studied using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. The model was calibrated and validated using monthly streamflow data of four gauging stations of the basin. Climate change scenarios were developed using spatially downscaled (0.5×0.5°) MIROC3.2 (HiRes) GCM data for A2, A1b and B1 emission scenarios. The analysis showed that annual rainfall is likely to increase by 10 % to 18 %, 15 % to 24 %, and 19 % to 26 % during the 2020s, 2050s and 2080s, respectively. Mean annual stream-flows were projected to increase by 15 % to 38 %, 25 % to 44 % and 40 % to 55 % during the 2020s, 2050s and 2080s, respectively. Simulation results also indicated spatial and temporal variability in stream-flow in the basin, indicating the need for location-specific adaptation measure for planning of water use in the basin. The findings of the study could be useful for planning and managing water resources in the Gomti river basin for adaptation to climate change.","PeriodicalId":180812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India)","volume":"13 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140448688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Ohmic Heating on Quality and Recovery of Oil from Mustard Seed","authors":"Gajanan Viswasrao, V. D. Mudgal, P. S. Champawat","doi":"10.52151/jae2017544.1636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52151/jae2017544.1636","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of process parameters on ohmic heating (electric field strength of 600 V.m-1, 750 V.m-1 and 900 V.m-1), end point temperature (70 ºC, 80 ºC and 90 ºC) and holding time (5 min, 10 min and 15 min) were investigated on oil recovery from mustard seeds using laboratory model ohmic heating system. Primary quality attributes viz. free fatty acids and colour value of oil from ohmically treated mustard seeds was determined using standard methods. The maximum oil recovery (84.90 %) was obtained when the sample was heated at 90 o C using electric field strength of 750 V.m-1 for a holding time of 15 min. The free fatty acid (1.11 % to 1.27 %) in the oil samples was within the acceptable limit (0.5-3.0 %). The L value of oil extracted from ohmic heated mustard seeds ranged from 40.32 to 40.87 as against 40.71 of control sample.","PeriodicalId":180812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India)","volume":"537 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140448170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Yield of Maize under Deficit Irrigation","authors":"M. Abdenipour, A. Sarangi, T. Rajput, M. Singh","doi":"10.52151/jae2011484.1460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52151/jae2011484.1460","url":null,"abstract":"The NUE in maize (hybrid BIO-9681) crop with different levels of nitrogen under varying irrigation levels was estimated through an experiment conducted during 2009 and 2010. The field experiment comprised of four levels of irrigation and four levels of nitrogen application rates replicated thrice in a randomized complete block design. Irrigation water treatments in the main plots were: rainfed (W1); 50 % deficit irrigation (W2), 25 % deficit irrigation (W3) and full irrigation (W4). Nitrogen levels in sub plots were 0 (N1), 75 (N2), 150 (N3) and 225 (N4) kg.ha-1. Application of nitrogen significantly affected the grain yield and NUE for N2 and N3 (75 and 150 kg N.ha”1) treatments at 0.01 and 0.05 probability levels, respectively. However, the difference in yield and NUE were non-significant for N3 and N4 treatments. Maximum grain yield and biomass was observed for W4N4 treatment amounting to 6050 kg.ha-1 and 18650 kg.ha-1, respectively, during 2009. On the other hand, grain yield and biomass during 2010 was highest for W4N4 treatment amounting to 5860 kg.ha-1 and 18010 kg.ha-1, respectively. The highest NUE (19.6 kg grain.kgN-1) was obtained for W4N2 treatment combination during 2009, while it was highest (21.7 kg grain.kgN-1) for W3N2 treatment during 2010. Overall, the NUE decreased with increasing nitrogen level beyond 75 kg N.ha-1 (N2) at all irrigation levels.","PeriodicalId":180812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India)","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140448842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Manjeet Singh, T. S. Dhillon, I. S. Hundal, G. S. Manes, Karun Sharma
{"title":"Mechanized Planting of Carrot Seeds on Beds","authors":"Manjeet Singh, T. S. Dhillon, I. S. Hundal, G. S. Manes, Karun Sharma","doi":"10.52151/jae2017544.1640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52151/jae2017544.1640","url":null,"abstract":"Tractor operated inclined plate bed planter with total width of 2300 mm was used to plant carrot seed. Field trials on sowing of carrot seed were conducted using broadcasting, ridge and mechanical bed planting methods. Field capacity of mechanical method of planting was higher (0.5 ha.h-1) as compared to 0.25 ha.h-1 and 0.02 ha.h-1 with the broadcasting and ridge methods, respectively. Seed rate requirement using machine was 6.9 kg.ha-1 as compared to 18.75 kg.ha-1 with broadcasting. The plant population of mechanical planting was higher (5.25x105 ha-1) as compared to 4.0x105 ha-1 and 4.38x105 ha-1 by ridge and broadcasting methods, respectively. Root weight/yield of crop planted with machine was significantly higher (69.3 t.ha-1) as compared to 51.75 t.ha-1 and 48.38 t.ha-1 obtained by ridge and broadcasting methods, respectively. Total planting cost of mechanical planting was lesser (4578 `.ha-1) as compared to 11218 `.ha-1 and 38828 `.ha-1 with broadcasting and ridge methods, respectively. Total cost saving with carrot planter was 56 % and 87%, respectively, as compared to broadcasting and ridge planting methods. Break even point of carrot planter was 50 ha.yr-1 with payback period of 50 ha use of the planter.","PeriodicalId":180812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India)","volume":"12 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140448695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Wani, S. Jha, Amar Singh, R. Shrivastava, G. Jha, J. Sinha
{"title":"Effect of Pre-milling Treatments on Green Gram Dhal Recovery","authors":"S. Wani, S. Jha, Amar Singh, R. Shrivastava, G. Jha, J. Sinha","doi":"10.52151/jae2011484.1456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52151/jae2011484.1456","url":null,"abstract":"Effect of oil and thermal treatments on milling quality of green gram was studied at 8 to 12% moisture content (w.b) with 2.40 to 4.00 g.kg-1 oil for treatment and holding time of 5 to 10 h, thermal treatment at temperature of 80 to 120°C and roasting duration of 1 to 5 min. These pretreatments showed dhal recovery of 70.01 to 74.93% in case of oil treatment, and 71.18 to 78.12% in case of thermal treatment as against 61.19 to 65.64% without any pretreatment. Optimum conditions for oil treatment for maximum dhal recovery were 10.26% (w.b), oil quantity of 3.17 g.kg-1 and holding for 7.72 h, roasting for 2.86 min at temperature of 99.24°C and 10.25% moisture content (w.b) for thermal treatment of green gram.","PeriodicalId":180812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India)","volume":"262 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140447126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Influence of Pelleting on Lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) Seed","authors":"C. Baladhiya, J. Doshi, D. Joshi","doi":"10.52151/jae2011484.1458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52151/jae2011484.1458","url":null,"abstract":"Lucerne seeds were pelletized using a developed seed pelletizer. The seed pelletization process was standardized using locally procured gum arabic solution (20%) in water as binding material for coating materials like pond clay, sand, neem leaf powder, biogas plant spent slurry powder. Pelletization efficiency was greater than 90% in most of the cases in a range of 84-92%. Sphericity ranged from 0.80 to 0.89. The pellet sphericity, bulk density and 1000 pellet mass increased with duration of pelletization. The unpelleted seeds did not fulfill the required criteria of the Indian Minimum Seed Certification Standard of minimum germination per cent of 80. The fresh and dry mass of germinated seedlings was more in the pelleted seed compared to unpelleted seed. The use of 100% pond clay, with pelleting for 30 min, resulted in pellets giving higher germination (89%) and vigour index.","PeriodicalId":180812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India)","volume":"37 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140449268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of Motorized Walnut Dehuller","authors":"Mudasir Ali, Jagvir Dixit, Shiv Kumar Lohan","doi":"10.52151/jae2017544.1638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52151/jae2017544.1638","url":null,"abstract":"Most of walnut production is manually hulled in India. Green walnut is processed in dry condition by removing the outer shell. Removing of outer shell of walnut with a knife by hand is difficult at a low production rate of 0.025- 0.030 t.h-1. A motorized walnut dehuller based on the principle of shearing-off the hull of a green walnut by shearing force was developed and evaluated, with peripheral speed and number of heaping days being optimized to make the best quality of hulling process. Results indicated that the effective throughput capacity, hulling efficiency and fully hulled walnut percentage increased with increase in peripheral speed. Similarly, hulling efficiency increased with increase in number of heaping days before hulling, but the fruit shell staining and kernel discoloration took place with increase in the number of heaping days after harvest. At peripheral speed of 6.41 m.s-1 and 4-day heaping period, the hulling capacity of the developed machine was 0.260 t.h-1 with hulling efficiency of 79.55 per cent.","PeriodicalId":180812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India)","volume":"11 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140448701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Blanching on Sorption Isotherms of Spinach","authors":"A. Zambare, V. Foke, S. Kakade, S. Mulani","doi":"10.52151/jae2010474.1422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52151/jae2010474.1422","url":null,"abstract":"A study was conducted to determine the effect of blanching on moisture adsorption and desorption characteristics of spinach. Moisture sorption was determined by gravimetric method. Different saturated salt solutions were prepared to provide constant relative humidity environments. Four spinach samples (unblanched, unblanched dried, blanched and blanched dried) were kept at 3 temperatures (300C, 400C and 60ºC) with corresponding 5 relative humidity levels (10.95 to 92.31%). It was observed that for all samples, equilibrium moisture content (EMC) of spinach increased with increase in relative humidity at constant temperature. At constant relative humidity levels, EMC decreased with increase in temperature. The adsorption EMC of the spinach was lower than the desorption EMC for blanched as well as unblanched spinach for all temperature and relative humidity ranges. The blanched dried spinach exhibited lowest EMC at all temperature and relative humidity ranges.","PeriodicalId":180812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India)","volume":"45 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140446744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of Dripline Spacing on Cotton Growth and Yield","authors":"M. Siag, M. Kaushal, G. S. Buttar","doi":"10.52151/jae2010474.1426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52151/jae2010474.1426","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was conducted at PAU Regional Station, Bathinda, to study the impact of different spacing of surface drip lines and irrigation levels (0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 PET) on cotton growth and yield. The results revealed that cotton yield and water use efficiency (WUE) under drip was significantly higher than conventional flood irrigation. Maximum yield was achieved under drip line for each row of crop with irrigation level of 0.8 PET, whereas WUE was recorded for the same drip line spacing, but at 0.6 PET irrigation level. The initial growth (as reflected by leaf area index) was retarded for drip line in between two rows of crop as compared to drip line for each row of crop, but the rate of growth were similar for all drip line spacing after 45 days of sowing.","PeriodicalId":180812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India)","volume":"44 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140448917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Compatibility Analysis of Control Arrangement for Some Indian Tractors","authors":"Saumya Shukla, R. Yadav","doi":"10.52151/jae2017544.1635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52151/jae2017544.1635","url":null,"abstract":"A good tractor design requires that important controls are easily accessible to the operator. Tractor operator controls within the workplace should be conveniently and logically located, and the workplace should fit both tall and short operators. The design parameters of the tractor workplace configuration were determined by using anthropometric dimensions of male tractor operators of Gujarat region. The locations of different tractor seat and control locations were calculated considering the biomechanical and anthropometric measurements. Studies on evaluation of the design location of controls resulted in steering column angle of 65⁰ with horizontal, foot pedals distance of 875 mm from SRP and the draft control lever distance of 286 mm from SRP. Compatibility analysis was done with five Indian tractors. It was found that the workplace dimensions of selected tractors varied widely with the design values.","PeriodicalId":180812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India)","volume":"782 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140446386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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