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Characterization of Attributes in Dehusked Coconut 脱壳椰子的属性特征
Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI: 10.52151/jae2017544.1637
A. Asha Monicka, T. Pandiarajan, S. Ganapathy, C. Indu Rani, R. Sathy
{"title":"Characterization of Attributes in Dehusked Coconut","authors":"A. Asha Monicka, T. Pandiarajan, S. Ganapathy, C. Indu Rani, R. Sathy","doi":"10.52151/jae2017544.1637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52151/jae2017544.1637","url":null,"abstract":"Selected physical properties of dehusked coconut as length, width, thickness, geometric mean diameter, sphericity, surface area, bulk density and true density were investigated. Compositional changes in coconut fruits, including volume and weight, shell weight, weight of mature coconut water, wet and dry flesh weight, thickness of the flesh and shell were also evaluated. The average fruit length, major diameter and minor diameter were 99.2±13.3 mm, 91.5±8.9 mm, and 89.5±8.7 mm, respectively; while the sphericity, true density, bulk density and surface area were 0.90±0.05, 998±68.8 kg.m-3, 483±37.3 kg.m-3 and 274.2±50.4 cm2 , respectively. The frequency distribution of the major diameter and the fruit mass followed the Gaussian model. Correlations between fruit characteristics were also determined. Results indicated that fruit weight and total wet flesh weight were closely correlated, and both of these characteristics can be used as an indicator of fruit size.","PeriodicalId":180812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India)","volume":"158 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140449279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Preference of Red Flour Beetle(Tribolium Castaneum) in Infesting Roasted Bengal Gram and its By-products 红面粉甲虫（Tribolium Castaneum）对焙烤孟加拉禾本科植物及其副产品的侵染偏好
Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 DOI: 10.52151/jae2012491.1468
K. Rathinam, P. Ramya, M. Loganathan, R. J. Mohan
{"title":"Preference of Red Flour Beetle(Tribolium Castaneum) in Infesting Roasted Bengal Gram and its By-products","authors":"K. Rathinam, P. Ramya, M. Loganathan, R. J. Mohan","doi":"10.52151/jae2012491.1468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52151/jae2012491.1468","url":null,"abstract":"Experiments were conducted to study the preference of red flour beetle, T. castaneum, to roasted Bengal gram and its by-products. The preference of red flour beetle was significantly more in roasted Bengal gram brokens (59.06%) than roasted whole grains (25.40%) and flour (15.38%). In 15 days after storage, infestation of red flour beetle led to weight loss of 2.33, 2.33 and 2.47%; and in 30 days after storage 2.57, 4.67 and 8.47% in roasted Bengal gram, brokens and flour, respectively. Fried gram flour had significantly more number of larvae (197.50) when compared to broken (74.00), while roasted Bengal gram recorded lowest number of larvae.","PeriodicalId":180812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India)","volume":"45 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140449764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Detection of Fungal Infection in Canola using Near-Infrared Hyperspectral Imaging 利用近红外超光谱成像检测油菜籽中的真菌感染
Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 DOI: 10.52151/jae2012491.1464
T. Senthilkumar, C. Singh, D. Jayas, N. White
{"title":"Detection of Fungal Infection in Canola using Near-Infrared Hyperspectral Imaging","authors":"T. Senthilkumar, C. Singh, D. Jayas, N. White","doi":"10.52151/jae2012491.1464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52151/jae2012491.1464","url":null,"abstract":"Near-infrared (NIR) hyperspectral imaging was used to detect the presence of fungal infection in stored canola. Artificially fungal infected (Aspergillus glaucus group) canola was subjected to single kernel imaging every two weeks after incubation using an NIR imaging system in the wavelength range of 1000 to 1600 nm at 60 evenly distributed wavelengths. Three wavelengths 1100, 1230 and 1300 nm were identified as significant wavelengths and used in the analysis. Statistical discriminant classifiers (Linear and Quadratic) were used to classify healthy, two–, four–, six–, eight–, and ten–week fungal incubated samples. The linear and quadratic statistical classifiers gave maximum accuracy of 99% for healthy samples and 100% for fungal infected samples at later stages of infection levels and 90 to 95% for the first four weeks of A. glaucus infected samples.","PeriodicalId":180812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India)","volume":"32 34","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140450287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Transesterification of High Free Fatty Acid Jatropha Curcas Oil using Heterogeneous Catalyst 使用异构催化剂对高游离脂肪酸麻风树油进行酯交换反应
Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 DOI: 10.52151/jae2012493.1486
R. Mythili, P. Venkatachalam, P. Subramanian, D. Uma
{"title":"Transesterification of High Free Fatty Acid Jatropha Curcas Oil using Heterogeneous Catalyst","authors":"R. Mythili, P. Venkatachalam, P. Subramanian, D. Uma","doi":"10.52151/jae2012493.1486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52151/jae2012493.1486","url":null,"abstract":"Biodiesel is a cleaner burning diesel alternative fuel produced from vegetable oils and fats through transesterification process. Jatropha curcas oil used for biodiesel production had free fatty acid content of 8.8 per cent. The oil was pretreated using sulphuric acid with 25% methanol for 1 h at 50°C. The yield of pretreated oil was 95% and the FFA content was reduced. The acid treated oil was transesterified using 0.5% NaOH and 25% methanol for 2 h at 60°C. The yield of monoester was 95.8 per cent.","PeriodicalId":180812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India)","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140450600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Decision Support Tool for Evaluating Changes in Arid and Tropical Watersheds 评估干旱和热带流域变化的决策支持工具
Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 DOI: 10.52151/jae2012492.1475
Forood Sharafi, J. Adamowski, J. Barkhordari, Hossein Saadat
{"title":"Decision Support Tool for Evaluating Changes in Arid and Tropical Watersheds","authors":"Forood Sharafi, J. Adamowski, J. Barkhordari, Hossein Saadat","doi":"10.52151/jae2012492.1475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52151/jae2012492.1475","url":null,"abstract":"During the last three decades, many arid and semi-arid watersheds have been affected by major hydrological changes because of human interventions such as deforestation and other agricultural changes, as well as climate fluctuations and/or changes. The primary objective of this study was to investigate whether recent changes are the result of climatologic variability or anthropologically induced transformations over the past years. A secondary objective was to provide a more practical approach to assess actual changes in the hydrological response of a watershed in an arid and tropical region. The methodology used in this study involved combining remotely sensed image data from satellites with in-situ hydrological observations from the Minab catchment in the south of Iran. The results of longterm analysis of historical time series on rainfall, land use/land cover, and stream flow were integrated at the landscape level to identify appropriate options for land and water management. It was found that the destruction of natural vegetation resulted in a decrease in the annual total water yield of 20%, with a decrease of 6.5% in the base flow during the low-flow period (May to November), and an increase in the storm runoff during the high-flow period (December to April). While potential evaporation from periods 1 to 3 showed a decrease of 10%, the actual evaporation increased by 9 per cent. It was concluded that climatic variations and land use change are the most important factors affecting the changes in the hydrologic regime of Minab catchment in Iran.","PeriodicalId":180812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India)","volume":"123 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140452020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Effect of Process Parameters on Extraction of Essential Oil from Cumin 工艺参数对萃取小茴香精油的影响
Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India) Pub Date : 2024-02-17 DOI: 10.52151/jae2012494.1496
V. Sangani, N. C. Patel
{"title":"Effect of Process Parameters on Extraction of Essential Oil from Cumin","authors":"V. Sangani, N. C. Patel","doi":"10.52151/jae2012494.1496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52151/jae2012494.1496","url":null,"abstract":"Cumin is an important spice containing about 2.5 to 4 % essential oil. The effect of particle sizes of cumin on distillation time was studied using a completely randomized design. Six levels of particle size, i. e. whole cumin (2.33 mm), 1000 μm, 711 μm, 503 μm, 356 μm, 251 μm of cumin were studied. Particle size of 356 μm and 5 h of distillation time is recommended for higher recovery and good quality of essential oil.","PeriodicalId":180812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India)","volume":"274 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140453186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of Carrot Powder on Quality of Multipurpose Flour based Snack Food 胡萝卜粉对多用途面粉类休闲食品质量的影响
Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India) Pub Date : 2024-02-17 DOI: 10.52151/jae2013501.1501
K. Patel, S. A. Liaquati, M. A. Khan, Prashant Saurabh Minz
{"title":"Effect of Carrot Powder on Quality of Multipurpose Flour based Snack Food","authors":"K. Patel, S. A. Liaquati, M. A. Khan, Prashant Saurabh Minz","doi":"10.52151/jae2013501.1501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52151/jae2013501.1501","url":null,"abstract":"Different combinations of multipurpose flour (flour of rice, wheat and Bengal gram) and three levels of carrot powder (2.5, 5 and 7.5 %) were used for the preparation of fried snack food (sev). The physico-chemical and sensory quality of snack food was evaluated. The fat content ranged between 24 – 35%, moisture content 1.0 – 2.2%, TBA 0.065 – 0.085, FFA 0.26 –0.34%, PV 3.25 – 4.30, pH 7.2 –7.6, hardness 13.32 to 28.92N, while log cfu.g-1 (total plate count) was non-detectable. The prediction equations were also developed.","PeriodicalId":180812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India)","volume":"124 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140453284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Evaluation and Modelling of Water Absorption Characteristics of Paddy 水稻吸水特性的评估与建模
Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India) Pub Date : 2024-02-17 DOI: 10.52151/jae2013503.1520
S. Kale, S. Jha, G. Jha, D. Samuel
{"title":"Evaluation and Modelling of Water Absorption Characteristics of Paddy","authors":"S. Kale, S. Jha, G. Jha, D. Samuel","doi":"10.52151/jae2013503.1520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52151/jae2013503.1520","url":null,"abstract":"Water absorption characteristics of paddy (PB1121) were evaluated over a temperature range 40 to 80oC. The equilibrium moisture content of the grain during water absorption varied from 48.24 to 55% (d.b.). Average critical moisture content of PB1121 for soaking during parboiling was 41.67% (d.b.). Average moisture diffusivity during water absorption process was 5.06x10-10 m2.s-1 and activation energy was 53.85 kJ.mol-1. Modelling of water absorption behaviour using Page model revealed that it fitted well at individual temperatures (R2>0.9). However, the Generalized Page model provided poor performance with R2 of 0.65, MSE 0.0018 and mean relative deviation modulus (% P) 48.02, whereas multi-layer perceptron neural network model fitted well with R2 =0.99, MSE =0.0013 and P =14.69%.","PeriodicalId":180812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India)","volume":"165 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140453365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Design and Development of a Tractor Operated Garlic Harvester 拖拉机式大蒜收割机的设计与开发
Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India) Pub Date : 2024-02-17 DOI: 10.52151/jae2013501.1498
K. V. Krishna, D. De, P. Sahoo
{"title":"Design and Development of a Tractor Operated Garlic Harvester","authors":"K. V. Krishna, D. De, P. Sahoo","doi":"10.52151/jae2013501.1498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52151/jae2013501.1498","url":null,"abstract":"India although being the second largest producer of garlic, the crop productivity is low as compared to the world average. Low level of mechanization is a major factor of low productivity in India. Harvesting is one of the important operations in garlic cultivation. In India, it is performed manually which is time consuming and labour unavailability during peak harvesting seasons makes the task more difficult. A 4-row tractor operated garlic harvester was designed  and developed for mechanical harvesting of garlic. Digging unit of the harvester consisted of a V-shape blade having width, length and thickness of 600 mm, 300 mm, and 10 mm, respectively. Soil separator unit was of 1000 mm long,  650 mm wide, with10 mm diameter rods spaced at 50 mm. Mean harvesting percentage of 96.12, plant damage of 5.94%, soil separation index of 0.26, power requirement of 4.54 kW and field capacity of 0.24 ha.h-1 with field efficiency of 68.7% were recorded for the harvester under field condition. ","PeriodicalId":180812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India)","volume":"66 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140453426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
A Comparative Study on Drying of Ber 浆果干燥比较研究
Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India) Pub Date : 2024-02-17 DOI: 10.52151/jae2013501.1502
P. Das, A. Dutta
{"title":"A Comparative Study on Drying of Ber","authors":"P. Das, A. Dutta","doi":"10.52151/jae2013501.1502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52151/jae2013501.1502","url":null,"abstract":"Ber (Zizyphus jujuba) is one of the popular seasonal, but highly perishable fruit of India. Plantations of indigenous fruit are depleting gradually due to lack of processing facilities. Traditional processing of the fruit, although crude, is popular in India. Traditionally processed fruits do not have market value as not accepted by the consumers. Among the unit operations for processing of fruit, drying is the most important. At domestic level, sun drying is popular and convenient, but does not maintain quality of the finished product. For commercial products mechanical dryers, solar dryers, microwave dryers, etc are used. Application of a dryer for a particular produce depends on the physical and biological characteristics of the produce. A study on drying pattern and nutritional qualities of dried product (ber) showed that microwave technology combined with solar drying could be applied to dry it and retain its quality.","PeriodicalId":180812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India)","volume":"64 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140453444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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