LGBT health最新文献

{"title":"The Role of Sex and Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity in Smoking and Smoking Cessation Among Adults in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.","authors":"Constanza Hurtado-Acuna, Tonia C Poteat, Audrey Harkness, Amber Pirzada, Andrew Telzak, Martha Daviglus, David J Lee, Nicole Slye, Krista M Perreira","doi":"10.1177/23258292261456306","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23258292261456306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We examined smoking and smoking cessation by sex assigned at birth and sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) among Hispanic/Latino adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from visit 1 (2008-2011), visit 2 (2014-2017), and visit 3 (2020-2024) of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). Our analysis focused on participants (<i>N</i> = 8847) who responded to SOGI questions at visit 3 and provided data on smoking measures at visits 1-3. Accounting for survey design and weights, we estimated logistic regression models of associations between SOGI status and current smoking at visit 1. We also estimated discrete time models of associations between SOGI status and smoking cessation by visit 3.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In analyses adjusted for sociodemographic covariates, male sexual and gender minority (SGM) participants had 40% reduced odds of smoking compared with male cisgender heterosexual participants (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.36-1.00). However, female SGM participants had 2.72 (95% CI: 1.92-3.86) times the odds of smoking compared with female cisgender heterosexual participants. In contrast, we found no significant differences in smoking cessation between male SGM and cisgender heterosexual participants or between female SGM and cisgender heterosexual participants. For all HCHS/SOL participants, the likelihood of cessation increased over time and increased the most for those with more than a high school education.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SGM females had high rates of current smoking and were as unlikely to quit as other participants. Thus, prevention of smoking initiation is critical. Programs to prevent smoking among Hispanic/Latino individuals should be designed with consideration of differences by sex and SOGI status.</p>","PeriodicalId":18062,"journal":{"name":"LGBT health","volume":" ","pages":"309-322"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13535585/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148258511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociopolitical Threats Heighten Minority Stress for Current Sexual and Gender Minority Public Health Trainees in the United States.","authors":"Elizabeth A Yonko, Matthew J Mimiaga","doi":"10.1177/23258292261454728","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23258292261454728","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current U.S. sociopolitical climate-marked by recent targeted anti-lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and other sexual and gender minority (LGBTQ+) legislation and executive orders (i.e., sociopolitical stressors)-including those focused on antidiversity, equity, and inclusion-leads to heightened minority stress among current LGBTQ+ public health trainees, threatening their well-being and career trajectories. Macro-level (distal) stressors, such as discriminatory funding cuts, institutional censorship, and sociopolitical hostility interact with proximal stressors (i.e., expectations of rejection, concealment, internalized stigma, and moral injury) to undermine trainee retention. Without mitigation strategies-such as enhanced structural support-these compounded stressors could cause a significant loss to the public health infrastructure and workforce.</p>","PeriodicalId":18062,"journal":{"name":"LGBT health","volume":" ","pages":"269-272"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148211879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association Between Sexual Orientation and Sleep: A Meta-Analytic Review.","authors":"Urja Bhatia, Madison E Quinn, Kathy-Diane Reich, Jeffrey A Ciesla","doi":"10.1177/23258292261454732","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23258292261454732","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The goal of the current meta-analytic review was to systematically examine whether sleep outcomes across several dimensions of sleep differ between lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) and heterosexual individuals, as well as to examine potential study-level moderators of these associations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Systematic searches of PsycInfo, Medline, and PubMed databases were conducted to identify relevant observational studies published in English between January 1, 2000, and January 31, 2026. Studies were eligible if they reported an effect size comparing LGB and heterosexual groups on at least one measure of sleep.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This systematic search yielded a total of 44 studies with 69 effect sizes. Effect size data were analyzed using a random effects model. LGB individuals were more likely to report shorter sleep duration, longer sleep onset latency, and poorer sleep quality than heterosexual individuals (all <i>p</i> < 0.001). Effect sizes for associations between sexual orientation and sleep duration were larger in studies with more LGB women/girls, bisexual individuals, and racial/ethnic minority individuals (all <i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings indicate that LGB individuals experience poorer sleep health than heterosexual individuals, and that sleep problems across different dimensions of sleep may be greater for LGB women/girls, bisexual individuals, and racial/ethnic minority individuals. These findings may help to explain mental health disparities among LGB individuals, and future studies should examine the role of minority stress in LGB sleep health.</p>","PeriodicalId":18062,"journal":{"name":"LGBT health","volume":" ","pages":"273-288"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148258564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement Invariance of the LGBT Microaggressions Scale Among Latino/a/x Persons and non-Latino/a/x People of Color.","authors":"Jonathan A Pedroza, James J Guardado-García, Monique J Williams, Matthew S Alcala, Nadine N Nakamura, Dylan G Serpas, Asya Harrison, Dion Chon","doi":"10.1177/23258292261456304","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23258292261456304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Given limited measurement of intersectional microaggressions among those who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, or additional sexual or gender minority (LGBTQ+) identities and as people of color (POC), this study tested whether differences exist in the factor structure of the LGBT People of Color Microaggression Scale (LGBT-PCMS) between Latina/o/x and non-Latina/o/x POC groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using Amazon's Mechanical Turk, a sample of 491 LGBTQ+ Latina/o/x people and non-Latina/o/x POC (mean age = 29.66 ± 7.60) completed an online survey in December 2018, assessing psychosocial variables, intersectional minority stress measured via the LGBT-PCMS, and perceived stress. Hierarchical confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) assessed the fit of the LGBT-PCMS, with its three subscales specified as first-order latent factors and intersectional minority stress as a second-order latent factor. Invariance testing compared a second-order factor structure of the LGBT-PCMS between LGBTQ+ Latina/o/x people (<i>n</i> = 244) and LGBTQ+ non-Latina/o/x POC (<i>n</i> = 247) groups. Structural equation modeling was used to examine convergent validity with the perceived stress subscales.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings from the second-order CFA showed that the LGBT-PCMS demonstrated acceptable fit across the full sample, LGBTQ+ Latina/o/x people, and LGBTQ+ non-Latina/o/x POC. Full invariance was demonstrated between LGBTQ+ Latina/o/x people and LGBTQ+ non-Latina/o/x POC groups. No link between the LGBT-PCMS and perceived stress subscales emerged.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The LGBT-PCMS was indistinguishable between LGBTQ+ Latina/o/x people and LGBTQ+ non-Latina/o/x POC, supporting that the LGBT-PCMS can be used as a single measure of intersectional minority stress or separate subscales.</p>","PeriodicalId":18062,"journal":{"name":"LGBT health","volume":" ","pages":"323-332"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148258476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors and Prevalence of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias Among Transgender Adults in South Carolina, 2000-2022.","authors":"Jennifer T May, Hanna Smyles, Swann Arp Adams, Matthew Lohman","doi":"10.1177/23258292261457936","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23258292261457936","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study determined the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) and associated modifiable risk factors among transgender adults in South Carolina.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective analysis of all-payer hospital claims data from South Carolina (2000-2022) included adults aged ≥18 years. ADRD and risk factor prevalence were estimated overall and stratified by age group (18-49 and ≥50 years). Transgender adults and ADRD diagnoses were identified using International Classification of Diseases codes. Results were compared to state prevalence rates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 1160 transgender adults, ADRD prevalence was 19.4% among those aged ≥50 years and 1.3% among those aged 18-49 years; depression (61.7%), smoking (49.6%), and hypertension (38.2%) were the most common risk factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Transgender adults in South Carolina experience a substantial burden of ADRD and modifiable risk factors, warranting targeted and culturally competent interventions for this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":18062,"journal":{"name":"LGBT health","volume":" ","pages":"333-339"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148277955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors, Intersectional Minority Stressors, and Self-Reported Cardiovascular Disease Among Sexual and Gender Minority People of Color: An Exploratory Latent Class Analysis.","authors":"Jonathan A Pedroza, Dylan G Serpas, James J Guardado-García, David G Zelaya, Matthew S Alcala, Kaitlyn Keys","doi":"10.1177/23258292261452696","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23258292261452696","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a significant cause of death, with health conditions and lifestyle behaviors playing essential roles. We sought to explore CVD risk classes, their associations with self-reported CVD, and differences among classes as a function of intersectional minority stressors (IMS) among sexual and gender minority people of color (SGM POC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A sample of 232 SGM POC (mean age = 33.50 ± 9.77) completed an online survey in 2020 assessing CVD risk indicators and specific IMS, measured using the LGBT People of Color Microaggressions Scale subscales. Latent class analyses were conducted to identify CVD risk classes, followed by logistic regressions to examine associations between classes and self-reported CVD, classes and IMS on self-reported CVD, and interactions between the classes and IMS on self-reported CVD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three classes emerged: a low-risk class with low probabilities for all indicators, a lifestyle-risk class with high probabilities for smoking, alcohol use, and substance use, and a high-risk class with greater probabilities for most CVD indicators. Significant interactions showed that increased LGBT racism was associated with a lower likelihood of self-reported CVD (<i>b</i> = -0.40, standard error [SE] = 0.19, adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.67, <i>p</i> = 0.036) whereas greater heterosexism within communities of color (<i>b</i> = 0.57, SE = 0.22, aOR = 1.77, <i>p</i> = 0.008) was associated with a higher likelihood of self-reported CVD in the high-risk compared with the low-risk class.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These exploratory findings support the existence of three distinct CVD risk classes among SGM POC and highlight that specific IMS moderate CVD risk for SGM POC.</p>","PeriodicalId":18062,"journal":{"name":"LGBT health","volume":" ","pages":"215-224"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148265119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychosocial Adversity and Health Service Utilization Among Men Who Have Sex with Men Who Use Stimulants: A Latent Class Analysis.","authors":"Daniel Mayo, Steven A Safren, Matthew J Mimiaga, David W Pantalone, Kenneth H Mayer, Katie B Biello","doi":"10.1177/23258292261444749","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23258292261444749","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study sought to identify latent classes of psychosocial adversity among men who have sex with men (MSM) who use stimulants, examine sociodemographic correlates of class membership, and assess differences in health service utilization across classes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This secondary analysis used baseline data from 205 MSM who use stimulants in Boston, Massachusetts, and Miami, Florida (March 2018-March 2024). Latent class analysis was applied to identify patterns of psychosocial adversity based on childhood sexual abuse (CSA), four forms of interpersonal violence (IPV), and three types of sexual minority stress. Sociodemographic characteristics included age, sexual orientation, race and ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. Outcomes were binary (any/none) indicators of mental health care, substance use care, emergency department (ED) encounters, and inpatient admissions in the past 4 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A three-class solution was selected: Low Psychosocial Adversity (<i>n</i> = 107; 52.2%), Past-Year IPV-sexual orientation discrimination (SOD; <i>n</i> = 56; 27.3%), and Prior IPV-CSA (<i>n</i> = 42; 20.5%). Lower socioeconomic status was associated with higher odds of membership in the Past-Year IPV-SOD class compared with the Low Psychosocial Adversity class (odds ratio = 2.30; 95% confidence interval = 1.04-5.23, <i>P</i> = 0.046). In exploratory pairwise comparisons, participants in the Prior IPV-CSA class had a higher prevalence of any ED encounters (47.6%) than those in the Low Psychosocial Adversity class (28.1%; χ²[1,204] = 4.44; <i>P</i> = 0.035).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among MSM who use stimulants, configurations of psychosocial adversity varied by sociodemographic context, with socioeconomic status distinguishing patterns of adversity, and showed limited differentiation in health service utilization. These findings underscore the role of structural conditions and support syndemic-informed, person-centered approaches to inform more equitable prevention and service strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":18062,"journal":{"name":"LGBT health","volume":" ","pages":"248-258"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148258539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental Health of Transgender and Gender-Diverse Persons in India: A Scoping Review of Literature Since Legal Recognition of Self-Affirmed Gender Identity, 2014-2024.","authors":"Jagruti Wandrekar, Ketki Ranade, Venkatesan Chakrapani, Pvm Lakshmi","doi":"10.1177/23258292261439922","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23258292261439922","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>India's 2014 Supreme Court ruling in National Legal Services Authority v. Union of India affirmed transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) persons as equal citizens with a right to self-identified gender. This scoping review (2014-2024) sought to map TGD mental health research in India, characterize study details and themes, and identify gaps to guide future research and interventions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, we conducted a systematic search of peer-reviewed literature (PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Google Scholar, specific journal search, hand search) and grey literature (Google Scholar, websites of LGBTQ organizations, and digital thesis repositories Shodh Ganga and Shodh Gangotri). All publications between April 2014 and December 2024 that focused on the mental health of the Indian transgender population were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 246 initial sources, 124 were included in the review. The reviewed studies described prevalence rates of common mental disorders, transgender-specific psychosocial stressors, positive psychology variables, role of mental health professionals, mental health interventions and guidelines, forced gender \"correction\" practices, mental health impact of gender-affirming surgeries, links between sexual health and mental health, and experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This review demonstrates substantial mental health needs among TGD communities in India but a narrow, uneven evidence base. Several articles revealed researcher misconceptions indicating ethical and epistemic harm. Priority next steps are adequately powered, intersectional longitudinal studies and rigorously evaluated, community-partnered interventions (including family support and mental health professional training) to advance gender-affirming, evidence-based care.</p>","PeriodicalId":18062,"journal":{"name":"LGBT health","volume":" ","pages":"195-214"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7619164/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147699279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National Analysis of Insurance Coverage for Gender-Affirming Surgery in the United States.","authors":"Morvarid Mehdizadeh, Jian H Li, Michael Liu, Tricia Mae Raquepo, Mohammed Yamin, Micaela Tobin, Agustin N Posso, Lacey Foster, Marissa A Kent, Adam M Tobias, Samuel J Lin, Bernard T Lee, Ryan P Cauley","doi":"10.1177/23258292261452699","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23258292261452699","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study reviewed the U.S. insurance landscape for gender-affirming surgery (GAS) and examined how regional, legislative, and health care infrastructure factors influence coverage patterns to inform policy reform and advocacy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Policies from the top three insurers in each state, identified via the National Association of Insurance Commissioners, were analyzed in November 2024. Coverage was compared across census regions, and criteria concordance with the World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH) Standards of Care, Version 8, was assessed. GAS fellowship availability, policy information accessibility (7-point Likert scale), and legislative favorability (Movement Advancement Project scores) were also evaluated. Coverage rates were compared across procedures using analysis of variance with post hoc Tukey tests. Poisson regression identified predictors of coverage, and ordinal logistic regression assessed predictors of policy information accessibility. All analyses were conducted in R 4.4.1.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 144 state insurance policies, representing 77% of the U.S. market. Overall GAS coverage was 67.7%, with significantly lower rates for fertility cryopreservation (6.6%), facial feminization (37.3%), and GAS reversal (65.7%). GAS fellowship presence positively predicted coverage (<i>p</i> < 0.001). States with fair (<i>p</i> = 0.041) or medium legislative favorability (<i>p</i> = 0.004) had higher coverage compared with negatively rated states. Only 61.9% of policies were concordant with WPATH guidelines. Coverage information access was uniformly limited and was more limited in Southern states than in other regions (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Insurance coverage for GAS was inconsistent and strongly influenced by political and health care infrastructure factors rather than medical necessity. The lack of guideline concordance and systematic information barriers highlights the need for targeted reforms.</p>","PeriodicalId":18062,"journal":{"name":"LGBT health","volume":" ","pages":"225-234"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148272184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in Gynecological Health Care Utilization Between Heterosexual and Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Women Veterans.","authors":"Anna C Barbano, Jordan L Thomas, Alexandria N Miller, Tara E Galovski, Samantha N Stucchi, Yael I Nillni","doi":"10.1177/23258292261443323","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23258292261443323","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study examined differences in rates of gynecological health care utilization among lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) women veterans relative to heterosexual women veterans.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Women veterans (<i>N</i> = 1729) recruited via the Veterans Affairs/Department of Defense Identity Repository (14.3% LGB<i>, n</i> = 248) answered questionnaires related to gynecological health care utilization between September 2018 and June 2019. Binary logistic regression was used to examine differences in Pap smear receipt and gynecological care visits, controlling for age, race/ethnicity, posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, and sexual trauma exposure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LGB women veterans were equally likely to receive Pap smears compared to heterosexual veterans (<i>p</i>s > 0.05). Gay or lesbian, but not bisexual, veterans were less likely to undergo routine gynecology visits relative to heterosexual women veterans (71% vs. 81%, <i>p</i> = 0.004).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Given that annual gynecology visits are recommended for reproductive-aged women for preventive and interventional care, it is important to address factors that may contribute to underutilization among gay or lesbian women veterans.</p>","PeriodicalId":18062,"journal":{"name":"LGBT health","volume":" ","pages":"259-264"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13535650/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147816955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}