LGBT health最新文献

{"title":"Association Between Criminal Legal System Involvement and HIV Prevention and Care Among Transgender Women of Color: The TURNNT Cohort Study.","authors":"Alexander Furuya, Adam Whalen, Asa Radix, Su Hyun Park, Jessica Contreras, Roberta Scheinmann, Cristina Herrera, Kim Watson, Denton Callander, Kamiah A Brown, John A Schneider, Sahnah Lim, Chau Trinh-Shevrin, Dustin T Duncan","doi":"10.1177/23258292251386473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23258292251386473","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Purpose:</i></b> Experiences with the criminal legal system can increase the risk of HIV transmission and disrupt linkage to HIV care and prevention. This study quantified the association between criminal legal system involvement and HIV outcomes among transgender women of color (TWOC). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using first-wave data from the Trying to Understand Relationships, Networks, and Neighborhoods Among Transgender Women of Color Cohort Study (<i>n</i> = 314). We investigated the association between measures of criminal legal system involvement (history of arrest and history of incarceration) and HIV care and prevention outcomes (serostatus, testing, condom use, pre-exposure prophylaxis use, and viral load suppression) among TWOC living in New York City from August 2020 to November 2022. We used modified Poisson regression models to calculate the adjusted prevalence ratios. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Among our cohort of TWOC, 50% had previously been arrested and 28% had previously been incarcerated. Half of the participants were living with HIV. History of incarceration was positively associated with living with HIV. Among those living with HIV, a history of incarceration was associated with an increased risk of having a detectable HIV viral load. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Among TWOC in our study, criminal legal system involvement was significantly associated with HIV seropositivity and having a detectable viral load among those living with HIV. These findings highlight the negative health implications of the criminal legal system for a socially oppressed population and can potentially inform future directions to challenge policing practices that disproportionately target TWOC.</p>","PeriodicalId":18062,"journal":{"name":"LGBT health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145258562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting Marriage and Physical and Mental Health Among Partnered Gay and Lesbian Adults: An Analysis of Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Data, 2014-2023.","authors":"Haoming Song","doi":"10.1177/23258292251385566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23258292251385566","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Purpose:</i></b> The purpose of this study was to reexamine the association between marriage and health among partnered gay and lesbian adults, comparing married individuals with those in unmarried couples. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Using a decade of large-scale, representative data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System 2014-2023, we analyzed partnered, cisgender gay and lesbian adults aged 18-65 (<i>N</i> = 10,973). Negative binomial regression models estimated the number of poor mental and physical health days, whereas logistic regression models predicted the probability of frequent mental and physical distress. Analyses adjusted for sociodemographic factors and explored the role of socioeconomic factors. To enhance comparability between married and partnered, unmarried individuals, a propensity score-based inverse probability weighting approach was adopted. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Married gay and lesbian individuals exhibited mental and physical health comparable to their partnered, unmarried counterparts. However, an exception was that married gay men experienced a mental health advantage, even after adjusting for socioeconomic resources. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The mental health advantage among married gay men highlights the importance of symbolic resources such as social recognition. Overall, however, the findings did not support the marital advantage theory among partnered lesbian and gay individuals, potentially due to the weaker institutionalization of same-sex marriage and elevated couple-level minority stress. Future research should further investigate sexual minority health within family contexts, incorporating diverse gender and sexual identities.</p>","PeriodicalId":18062,"journal":{"name":"LGBT health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145251650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender Diversity, Substance Cognitions, and Alcohol, Nicotine/Tobacco, and Cannabis Use Among Youth.","authors":"Luisa Kcomt, Philip T Veliz, John Jardine, Rebecca J Evans-Polce, Jennifer Clift, Sean Esteban McCabe, Cynthia Arslanian-Engoren","doi":"10.1177/23258292251385564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23258292251385564","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Purpose:</i></b> We aimed to classify youth using a longitudinal, multidimensional construct of gender, and examine associations of gender subgroups with substance cognitions and substance use. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We used data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study (<i>N</i> = 11,868 youth ages 9-10 years at baseline [2016-2018] through the year 4 follow-up [ages 13-14 years, 2020-2022]) to conduct latent class models using measures of gender identity, felt gender, gender expression, and gender non-contentedness. We used multivariable logistic regression to assess associations of gender classes with curiosity to use, intention to use, and use of alcohol, nicotine/tobacco, and cannabis, respectively, adjusting for sociodemographic factors. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A four-class model was selected based on model fit: transgender (2.5%), questioning (9.0%), naïve (36.3%), and cisgender (52.1%). Youth in the questioning and transgender classes were more likely to report curiosity to use alcohol, nicotine/tobacco, and cannabis (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] range 1.68-2.45, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and intention to use alcohol and nicotine/tobacco (questioning youth; aOR range 1.69-1.88, <i>p</i> < 0.01) or nicotine/tobacco and cannabis (transgender youth; aOR range 2.66-3.14, <i>p</i> < 0.001) but not actual use of alcohol, nicotine/tobacco, and cannabis, whereas members of the naïve class were less likely to report curiosity to use alcohol, nicotine/tobacco, and cannabis, intention to use cannabis, and use of alcohol, nicotine/tobacco, and cannabis (aOR range 0.48-0.81, <i>p</i> < 0.001), relative to cisgender youth. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> These findings suggest that a more nuanced understanding of gender among preadolescent youth and their heterogeneous risk for substance use is critical for the development of early prevention services. The timing of prevention efforts may be ideal during this developmental period.</p>","PeriodicalId":18062,"journal":{"name":"LGBT health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145251609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges Faced by Sexual Minority and Heterosexual People Seeking Abortion Care.","authors":"Marta Bornstein, Abigail Norris Turner, Katherine Rivlin, Sarah Bostic, Tamika Odum, Danielle Bessett","doi":"10.1089/lgbt.2024.0304","DOIUrl":"10.1089/lgbt.2024.0304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Purpose:</i></b> This study assessed and compared the number and types of challenges and expense delays experienced by sexual minority and heterosexual individuals seeking abortion care. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We analyzed cross-sectional survey data from 1953 individuals who sought an abortion at 25 clinics in five US states from April 2020 to February 2023. The survey asked about 12 challenges (e.g., transportation, emotional burden, cost) and 4 expense delays (e.g., rent, food) associated with obtaining an abortion. We examined types and number of challenges and expense delays by sexual identity. We conducted negative binomial regression (number of challenges) and logistic regression (any expense delay) to quantify differences. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Most participants in the analytic sample (<i>N</i> = 1833) experienced at least one challenge to obtaining an abortion (90%), with sexual minority participants (<i>n =</i> 349) experiencing a greater median number of challenges than heterosexual participants (<i>n =</i> 1484) (4 [interquartile range = 2-6] vs. 3 [1-4]; <i>p</i> < 0.001). Sexual minority participants were also more likely to delay an expense (40% vs. 28%; <i>p</i> < 0.001). Adjusting for other factors, sexual minority participants experienced significantly increased challenges (adjusted incident risk ratio = 1.2; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.1-1.3) and had greater odds of delaying an expense (adjusted odds ratio = 1.6; 95% CI = 1.2-2.1). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Sexual minority individuals face more challenges and are more likely to delay expenses to obtain an abortion. Thus, sexual minority individuals may need additional support specific to the challenges they face, including financial assistance, transportation, and psychosocial support. Addressing inequalities that disproportionately impact sexual minority individuals within society and reproductive health care will help ensure that abortion is more accessible.</p>","PeriodicalId":18062,"journal":{"name":"LGBT health","volume":" ","pages":"520-531"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144258386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"No Man's Land\": A Qualitative Exploration of Perceptions of Structural Stigma Among Bisexual Men Compared with Gay Men.","authors":"Jessie V Ford, Aarushi H Shah, Brian Dodge","doi":"10.1177/23258292251361314","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23258292251361314","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Purpose:</i></b> Recent research suggests that the benefits of minimized structural stigma experienced by gay men are not matched in bisexual men. The purpose of this study was to explore how bisexual men perceive structural stigma compared with gay men in hopes of understanding why improvements in structural stigma among sexual minority individuals may not equally benefit bisexual people. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In 2020-2021, we conducted in-depth interviews with 19 bisexual men and 40 gay men recruited from a larger longitudinal cohort study of 502 men. Interviews were conducted by phone or Zoom (camera off). The interview guides for gay and bisexual men were nearly identical, except that bisexual men were asked specifically about structural stigma related to bisexuality. All interviews were recorded digitally, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using grounded theory as an analytic strategy. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Emergent findings show that three interrelated forces complicate the relationship between structural stigma and outcomes for bisexual men: assumed heterosexuality, invisibility and erasure of bisexuality, and the blurring of interpersonal and structural stigma. In particular, bisexual men had trouble identifying structural stigma, reflecting the difficulty of fully pinning down this type of stigma. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> To understand the disparate effects of structural stigma for bisexual and gay men, we encourage scholars to take these dynamics into account. We suggest new concrete ways to measure structural stigma against bisexual people and better incorporate perspectives from bisexual men into future structural stigma research and interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18062,"journal":{"name":"LGBT health","volume":" ","pages":"543-550"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144731976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Self-Reported Sexual Orientation Fluidity with Health and Behavior of Adults: Analysis of the Research Program on Genes, Environment, and Health Cohort.","authors":"Adovich S Rivera, Chun R Chao, Rulin C Hechter","doi":"10.1177/23258292251364913","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23258292251364913","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Purpose:</i></b> Health disparities by sexual orientation fluidity are relatively unexplored in middle or late adulthood. We assessed differences in self-reported health and health behaviors according to fluidity status. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We analyzed baseline (2002-2010) and follow-up (2015-2023) survey data of Research Program on Genes, Environment, and Health participants. We classified people based on responses to sexual orientation questions: consistently heterosexual, consistently sexual minority, and fluid (changed reported orientation). We then compared health behavior (smoking, binge drinking, and physical activity) and self-rated health (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System and EuroQol EQ-5D-3L) across groups using linear or logistic regression with or without weights for attrition using complete case data and after multiple imputation. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of the 32,058 adults (mean age: 56 years, male: 39.6%), 378 (1.2%) were fluid. Compared with consistently heterosexual adults, fluid individuals had significantly worse self-rated health scores after adjustment for demographics and attrition, although most differences were not clinically meaningful. No differences in health behavior were noted in adjusted analyses. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Sexual orientation fluidity occurs in older adults, and this group may have worse health than their heterosexual counterparts.</p>","PeriodicalId":18062,"journal":{"name":"LGBT health","volume":" ","pages":"511-519"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144959572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Relationship Between Social Support and Health Care Barriers Among Sexually and Gender Diverse Young Adults in the United States.","authors":"Vincenzo F Malo, Vaughn J Armbrister, Trey-Rashad Hawkins, Stefanee Tillman, Javan K Carter, Megan A Lewis","doi":"10.1089/lgbt.2024.0341","DOIUrl":"10.1089/lgbt.2024.0341","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Purpose:</i></b> Recognizing the necessity of supportive health care systems, we used strengths-based approaches to explore the potential protective nature of social support against health care barriers among sexually and gender diverse (SGD) young adults. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Using data spanning May 2018 to July 2022 from the National Institutes of Health's <i>All of Us</i> Research Program, we created a sample of and produced descriptive estimates for 2417 SGD young adults between 20 and 35 years of age. Using logistic regressions, we calculated adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to measure the association between two outcomes-delaying health care and reported discrimination in medical settings-and instrumental/emotional social support. We adjusted for age, gender identity, race and ethnicity, housing stability, and income. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of our sample, 70.8% endorsed at least one reason for delaying care, and 45.0% reported discrimination in medical settings \"rarely\" or more frequently, with significant differences by gender identity, sexual orientation, race and ethnicity, housing stability, income, and education for both outcomes. More social support was associated with fewer reasons for delaying health care (instrumental: aOR = 0.78, 95% CI 0.71-0.86; emotional: aOR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.63-0.79) and fewer reports of discrimination in medical settings (instrumental: aOR = 0.72, 95% CI 0.66-0.78; emotional: aOR = 0.64, 95% CI 0.58-0.70). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Our results suggest that social support might serve as a protective factor against health care barriers for SGD young adults. More strengths-based research is needed to understand intersectionality in SGD health care.</p>","PeriodicalId":18062,"journal":{"name":"LGBT health","volume":" ","pages":"499-510"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144317340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Measures for Cancer Research: Feedback from Older Americans.","authors":"Mandi L Pratt-Chapman, Bethany Tennant, Casey Langer Tesfaye, Christopher W Wheldon, Nfn Scout, Carl G Streed, Kristi Tredway, Sarah S Jackson","doi":"10.1177/23258292251362128","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23258292251362128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Purpose:</i></b> To improve upon measures of sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) used in previous studies, we created and tested seven measures for inclusion in cancer research and refined them based on input from study participants. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Between February and March 2024, cognitive interviews were conducted virtually with a purposive sample of 18 adults ≥50 years old. Equal numbers of participants identified as LGBTQ+ (<i>n</i> = 9) and cisgender heterosexual (<i>n</i> = 9). We chose older adults because-for the most part-participants in past studies on SOGI data acceptability have been younger than those typically recruited in cancer-related studies. Participants were selected for maximum diversity in age, race/ethnicity, U.S. geographic region, and political ideology. Descriptive themes and patterns for each measure were organized, evaluated, synthesized, and summarized. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Most participants found six of seven tested measures easy to answer. Respondents were satisfied with being able to choose more than one response option for each item. Some terms, (e.g., response options \"cisgender\" and \"non-binary\" for gender identity measure) were new to some respondents. Revisions to measures were made based on respondent feedback. The breast/chest tissue item confused most respondents, so it was withdrawn. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> This study found that most tested SOGI measures were easy to understand, and the response options were appropriate. Refined measures can serve as a resource for investigators and clinicians to employ who wish to improve SOGI data collection.</p>","PeriodicalId":18062,"journal":{"name":"LGBT health","volume":" ","pages":"532-542"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144731977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estradiol Concentrations for Adequate Gender-Affirming Feminizing Therapy: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Gabrielle N Winston-McPherson, Tiffany A Thomas, Matthew D Krasowski, Sofia B Ahmed, Lauren R Cirrincione, Brooke M Katzman, Christina C Pierre, Chantal L Rytz, Keila Turino Miranda, Zil Goldstein, Dina N Greene","doi":"10.1089/lgbt.2024.0407","DOIUrl":"10.1089/lgbt.2024.0407","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Purpose:</i></b> Guidelines recommend serum estradiol concentrations of 100-200 pg/mL for transgender women prescribed oral, subcutaneous, or transdermal estradiol with or without adjunct antiandrogen as gender-affirming feminizing hormone therapy (HT). The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate if the guideline range of 100-200 pg/mL for estradiol concentration is associated with indicators of adequate gender-affirming feminizing HT, specifically feminizing sufficiency, insufficiency, testosterone suppression, or toxicity in transgender women. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The Populations/Intervention/Comparator/Outcome model was applied to the study question, whereby the target population included transgender, gender-diverse, and nonbinary adults using gender-affirming feminizing HT by any route of administration, with or without adjunct antiandrogen use. The comparator was defined as estradiol concentrations within (100-200 pg/mL or 367-734 pM) versus outside (</>100-200 pg/mL) the guideline range; evaluated outcomes were listed by the same clinical guidelines that recommend using the 100-200 pg/mL range. Embase, MEDLINE, and Web of Science were queried over a 24-year time frame (January 1, 1999-April 20, 2023); the search was restricted to English. The extracted outcomes were categorized as indicators of therapeutic insufficiency, sufficiency, toxicity, or hormone concentration. <b><i>Results:</i></b> There were 49 studies that met the inclusion criteria, of which 9, 42, 25, and 5 studies included indicators of therapeutic insufficiency, sufficiency, toxicity, or hormone concentration, respectively. The search did not identify articles demonstrating that the 100-200 pg/mL guideline range provides optimal feminizing outcomes or reduces adverse events. <b><i>Conclusions</i></b>: Evidence does not support using the guideline range of 100-200 pg/mL to indicate sufficient feminization in transgender women using gender-affirming feminizing HT.</p>","PeriodicalId":18062,"journal":{"name":"LGBT health","volume":" ","pages":"477-489"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144475833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Side Effect Profiles of Nonhormonal, Nonsurgical Gender-Affirming Body Modifications.","authors":"Ben L Schwartz, Nguyen K Tran, Jonathan A Mayo, Sarah M Peitzmeier, Tonia C Poteat, Micah E Lubensky, Annesa Flentje, Juno Obedin-Maliver, Mitchell R Lunn","doi":"10.1089/lgbt.2024.0319","DOIUrl":"10.1089/lgbt.2024.0319","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Purpose:</i></b> Binding, packing, using stand-to-pee (STP) devices, and tucking are nonhormonal, nonsurgical gender-affirming body modifications (GABMs) that are used to affirm gender expression. This study sought to describe the sociodemographic characteristics of and side effects experienced by those using GABMs. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We conducted a cross-sectional study of The Population Research in Identity and Disparities for Equality Study participants who completed the 2023 Annual Questionnaire. Data on sociodemographics and self-reported side effects were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of 6296 participants, 1694 reported GABMs including binding (<i>n</i> = 995), packing (<i>n</i> = 590), using an STP device (<i>n</i> = 351), and tucking (<i>n</i> = 265). Each GABM had a distinct side effect profile. Pain (2.0%-48.2% past-year prevalence) and dermatologic concerns (0.5%-23.2% past-year prevalence) were reported across GABMs. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> While GABMs promote mental health and patient safety, they carry a risk of adverse physical health effects. Providers play a vital role in managing GABM-associated side effects to ensure patients can continue to affirm their gender identities.</p>","PeriodicalId":18062,"journal":{"name":"LGBT health","volume":" ","pages":"551-558"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144174341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}