{"title":"Ferulic Acid as a Sustainable and Green Crosslinker for Biopolymer-Based Food Packaging Film","authors":"Rakesh Kumar Gupta, Devanampriyan Rajan, Deepoo Meena, Prem Prakash Srivastav","doi":"10.1002/macp.202400441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.202400441","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This review explores the potential of ferulic acid as a crosslinking agent in the development of biopolymer-based packaging films. Ferulic acid, a phenolic compound found in various natural sources, exhibits strong antioxidant properties and the ability to enhance the mechanical strength and barrier properties of biopolymer films. The review covers its chemistry, sources, and methods for isolation, emphasizing its application in crosslinking various biopolymers, including polysaccharides such as starch, cellulose, chitosan, and pectin, as well as proteins like gelatin. The crosslinking process improves the properties of these biopolymers, making them suitable for sustainable packaging solutions. The study further discusses the integration of ferulic acid with biopolyesters to create films and coatings aimed at food preservation, providing an eco-friendly alternative to conventional plastic packaging. The use of ferulic acid in enhancing the shelf life and safety of packaged food products through its incorporation in biopolymer films is highlighted, showcasing the dual role of this compound in both film development and food preservation. This comprehensive review offers insights into the versatility and efficacy of ferulic acid-based crosslinked biopolymer films in advancing sustainable packaging technology, with a focus on practical applications for food safety and environmental sustainability.</p>","PeriodicalId":18054,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics","volume":"226 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144091604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of Pectin-graft-poly(4-acryloylmorpholine) Embedded with Silver Nanoparticles as a Dual Drug Delivery System for Sustained Release of 5-Fluorouracil and Curcumin","authors":"Amos Luanda, Manohar Mahadev, Rompicherla Narayana Charyulu, Vishalakshi Badalamoole","doi":"10.1002/macp.202400428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.202400428","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study reports the preparation of pectin-<i>graf</i>t-poly(4-acryloylmorpholine) silver nanocomposite hydrogel (Pec-<i>g</i>-PAcM-AgNPs) as a dual drug delivery system (DDDS) for sustained release of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and curcumin (CUR). The matrix material was made in aqueous medium and characterized by various techniques. Higher swelling and drug release were observed at pH 7.4 than at pH 1.2. The drug loading efficiency of the nanocomposite was determined to be 39.1 mg g<sup>−1</sup> for 5-FU and 42.8 mg g<sup>−1</sup> for CUR. About 93.9% of 5-FU and 72.2% of CUR were released from the nanocomposite at pH 7.4 during 24 h. The drug release kinetics and mechanism were best fitted to the first-order kinetic and Higuchi square rootmodels, respectively. The release of 5-FU and CUR adhered to the Fickian and non-Fickian diffusion mechanism, respectively. The cell viability of the drug-loaded nanocomposite was above 85%, indicating cytocompatibility of the developed polymer matrix. The results highlight the potential of the prepared nanocomposite as a suitable DDDS for enhancing bioavailability of 5-FU and CUR in the gastrointestinal tract for cancer therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":18054,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics","volume":"226 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144091606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Munir Ullah Khan, Muhammad Naeem Shah, Safir Ullah Khan, Chengjian Zhang, Xinghong Zhang
{"title":"A Route to Sulfur-Containing Polymers via FeFe-DMCC-Catalyzed Copolymerization of Propylene Oxide and Carbonyl Sulfide","authors":"Munir Ullah Khan, Muhammad Naeem Shah, Safir Ullah Khan, Chengjian Zhang, Xinghong Zhang","doi":"10.1002/macp.202400507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.202400507","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates the development of the iron-based catalyst FeFe-DMCC for the efficient copolymerization of carbonyl sulfide (COS) and propylene oxide (PO), leading to the production of poly(propylene monothiocarbonate)s (PPMTC). The resulting polymers exhibit number-average molecular weights (<i>M</i><sub>n</sub>) ranging from 36.6 to 91.8 kg mol<sup>−1</sup>, with polydispersity indices (<i>Đ</i>) between 1.7 and 4.8. The FeFe-DMCC catalyst demonstrated exceptional performance, achieving polymer yields of up to 1058 grams per gram of catalyst within a 12-h reaction period. A significant breakthrough in this work is the catalyst's ability to effectively suppress the oxygen-sulfur exchange reaction (O/S ER), a side reaction that typically generates mixed linkages. Instead, the process achieved outstanding selectivity, exceeding 99%, for monothiocarbonate units, with no formation of cyclic thiocarbonate byproducts. This remarkable control underscores the catalyst's efficiency in producing clean, well-defined polymers. Additionally, the copolymer composition, particularly the ratio of monothiocarbonate to ether units, can be finely tuned by varying the COS feed ratio, enabling precise customization of the polymer's properties. These findings establish FeFe-DMCC as a highly effective and selective catalyst for COS/PO copolymerization, offering a pathway to produce high-quality PPMTC with tailored characteristics and minimal byproduct formation. This work represents a significant advancement in sustainable materials development.</p>","PeriodicalId":18054,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics","volume":"226 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144091603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chenglong Wan, Like Hou, Qing Hu, Zihe Zhao, Yanxia Yang, Biao Zhao, Jianping Deng, Kai Pan
{"title":"Chain Length Regulation of PA66/PPO-PEO-PPO Multiblock Elastomers: Synthesis, Structure, and Property","authors":"Chenglong Wan, Like Hou, Qing Hu, Zihe Zhao, Yanxia Yang, Biao Zhao, Jianping Deng, Kai Pan","doi":"10.1002/macp.202400458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.202400458","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A series of thermoplastic polyamide elastomers (TPAEs) utilizing polyamide 66 (PA66) as the hard segment and amorphous diamine-sealed poly(oxypropylene)-poly(oxyethylene)-poly(oxypropylene) (PPO-PEO-PPO) with different molecular weight as the soft segment are synthesized through one-step melt polycondensation method. The chemical structure of TPAEs is confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and hydrogen magnetic resonance spectroscopy (<sup>1</sup>H-NMR). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) results show that short-chain polyetheramine (Jeffamine-ED600) has good compatibility with PA66, which limits crystal growth and greatly reduced crystallinity, can be used as diluent to reduce the melting point of the material. However, the microphase separation of long-chain polyetheramine (Jeffamine-ED900) and PA66 leads to the increase of crystallinity, and the melting temperature does not decrease significantly with the increase of soft segment content. Mechanical properties tests show that all TPAEs exhibit good mechanical properties and excellent energy dissipation, with tensile strength up to 45 MPa and elongation at break up to 630%. The introduction of PEO unit results in the water absorption of TPAEs ranging from 25 to 65%, and the surface resistivity varying between 2.45 × 10⁹ and 1.6 × 10¹⁰ Ω, suggesting the synthesized TPAEs are suitable for use as permanent anti-static materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":18054,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics","volume":"226 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144091931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research Progresses in Methods for Improving the Properties of Dynamic Covalent Polymer Networks","authors":"Guangqing Han, Wanru Yang, Hao Ling, Hongxu Liu, Shijie Ren","doi":"10.1002/macp.202400461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.202400461","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Dynamic covalent polymer networks (DCPNs) are a class of cross-linked polymeric materials with good self-healing properties, processability, and recyclability. These materials generally possess dynamic covalent bonds which can undergo reversible cleavage and reformation under certain conditions. The cross-linking and dynamic nature of the materials endows them with the needed mechanical strength as well as processibility, effectively bridging the gap between traditional thermosets and thermoplastics. However, in many cases, relying on dynamic covalent bonds alone cannot always achieve satisfactory material properties, so the modification of DCPNs has been one of the hot spots in this area. This review summarizes the recent research progress on the modification of DCPNs, including the introduction of multiple dynamic bonds and filler blending, and analyzes how the modifications can improve specific properties. This review provides a comprehensive overview of diverse methods to manipulate structures and properties of DCPNs, which may expand their potential applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":18054,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics","volume":"226 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144091481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lu Li, Shaoxiong Liu, Kaifeng Wang, Bo Wu, Shiming Zhang
{"title":"Recent Advances in Polymer Gate Dielectrics for Organic Thin-Film Transistors","authors":"Lu Li, Shaoxiong Liu, Kaifeng Wang, Bo Wu, Shiming Zhang","doi":"10.1002/macp.202400540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.202400540","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) are integral to develop future large-area functional devices. The performance of OTFTs is remarkably related to the gate dielectric material, which affects key parameters, such as on/off ratio, low hysteresis, and device stability. This paper presents a review of novel polymer gate dielectric materials for OTFTs. It begins with an outline of the history of OTFTs, their principles of operation, basic structures, and processing demands associated with the development of cost-effective organic electronic devices. Two classes of OTFT dielectrics developed in the last decades are reviewed: polymer dielectric materials; polymeric–inorganic hybrid dielectric materials. The recent literature pertaining to gate dielectric materials with excellent dielectric properties, which also provide tunable and reduced OTFT operating voltages are summarized.</p>","PeriodicalId":18054,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics","volume":"226 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144220441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Vacuum-Filling of Binary Metal for Soft Strain Sensor","authors":"Guoqiang Wang, Yuhuan Deng, Yuyang Li, Mingtao Kong, Anqi Cheng, Huaizhi Liu, Jiuyang Zhang","doi":"10.1002/macp.202500036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.202500036","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Fibers have played an indispensable role in the development of human civilization. However, traditional fibers often fail to meet the demands of modern advancements. Smart fibers, especially conductive fibers, have received widespread attention in recent years. Liquid metal (LM) conductive fibers have emerged as a prominent area of research focus due to their unique combination of high conductivity and flexibility. However, researchers typically focus solely on the conductivity and fluidity, while the unique characteristics of LM have not been fully utilized in smart fibers. In this work, a Ga-In binary metal is successfully injected into hollow polymer fibers using a vacuum filling technique, and prepared a leak-free binary metal fiber (BMF) with multiple responsive properties. The influence of BM phase transition on BMF properties is investigated, and its application in human health and motion detection are explored.</p>","PeriodicalId":18054,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics","volume":"226 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144220438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Targeted Upcycling of Poly(L-lactide) Based on Stereocomplexation Technology","authors":"Xiaoyang Shen, Zhize Chen","doi":"10.1002/macp.202500013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.202500013","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Poly (L-lactide) can cause serious plastic pollution if discarded without proper treatment. However, how to recycle Poly (L-lactide) efficiently and economically is still a major challenge. This work aims to recycle Poly (L-lactide) from waste by selective precipitation using stereocomplex technology. In this strategy, Poly (D-lactide) is specifically and selectively stereocomplexed with Poly (L-lactide) in the mixed system to form a precipitate, and then filtered and recovered to obtain the stereocomplex polylactide with better water and heat resistance, thus achieving upcycling. A recovery rate of 90% by weight of Poly (L-lactide) is achieved. In addition, nanofibrous membranes are prepared by electrospinning to expand their potential application scenarios. This work provides a reference for the efficient and economical up-cycling of Poly (L-lactide) from waste.</p>","PeriodicalId":18054,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics","volume":"226 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144220440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}