Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics最新文献

{"title":"TiO2/Polyviologen Composite Thin Film with High Transparency, Rapid Photoresponse, and Mechanical Robustness for Ink-Free Rewritable Paper and Information Encryption","authors":"Miaomiao Liu,&nbsp;Wanxiong Yong,&nbsp;Guodong Fu","doi":"10.1002/macp.70350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.70350","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Photochromic polymer films combining rapid response, prolonged information retention, mechanical robustness, and facile processability are promising for reusable information recording. Herein, a transparent composite film was developed by solution casting of TiO₂ nanoparticles (NPs), polyviologen (PXV), poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), and poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP). TiO₂ acts as a photoinduced electron donor, promoting the reduction of PXV²⁺ to colored PXV<b>^+·</b>, and enabling rapid coloration within 2 s under 365 nm ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. The film exhibits high optical transparency (&gt;85%) and stable photochromic cycling, with an absorbance variation of less than 10% after 20 cycles. The colored information remains recognizable for up to 5 d and gradually fades through oxidation by atmospheric O₂, with nearly complete decoloration after approximately 16 d. The film also exhibits good thermal stability and mechanical robustness, with a temperature corresponding to 20% mass loss (<i>T</i>_d,20%) of 274.8°C and a tensile strength of 69.88 MPa. These features make the film promising for ink-free rewritable patterning and optical information encryption.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18054,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics","volume":"227 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149146424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable Polyurethanes: From Renewable Building Blocks to Circular Materials","authors":"Sylvain Caillol,&nbsp;Camille Bakkali-Hassani,&nbsp;Xia Dong,&nbsp;Kailong Jin,&nbsp;Timothy E. Long","doi":"10.1002/macp.70348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.70348","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The year 2026 marks a significant milestone in the history of polymer science: the 90th anniversary of the pioneering experiments conducted by Otto Bayer in 1936, which laid the foundation for polyurethane chemistry and led to the first polyurethane patent in 1937. Few polymer families have experienced such remarkable scientific and industrial development over nine decades. From their initial conception as versatile synthetic materials, polyurethanes have evolved into one of the most important classes of polymers worldwide, with applications spanning flexible and rigid foams, coatings, adhesives, sealants, elastomers, composites, textiles, electronics, transportation, construction, and biomedical devices. Polyurethanes now represent the sixth largest family of commercial polymers, and the timing is right to enhance their sustainability and circularity for broader impact.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Today, global polyurethane production exceeds 25Mt/y, and the market continues to expand, driven by increasing demand for energy-efficient buildings, lightweight transportation systems, advanced consumer products, and emerging healthcare technologies. Market analysts predict sustained growth over the coming decade, particularly in Asia-Pacific regions, where rapid industrialization and urbanization continue to stimulate demand. At the same time, environmental concerns, regulatory pressure, and societal expectations are profoundly reshaping the future of polyurethane materials. Opportunities for non-isocyanate-based synthetic methods, together with strategies to tackle end-of-life (EOL) are showcased in this special issue. Jin et al. have demonstrated an energy efficient extrusion process to depolymerize crosslinked polyurethane foams in the melt state, thus eliminating the need for organic solvents (https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.202500494). Korley et al. highlights the potential for lignin derived polyurethanes (https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.202500433), and Epps et al. further define potential for lignin derived polyurethanes in the absence of isocyanates (https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.202500230). As polyurethane science and engineering enter its tenth decade, the challenge is no longer simply to produce materials with outstanding performance, but to ensure that these materials are designed, manufactured, used, and recycled in a sustainable manner. This transition is driving one of the most significant transformations in the history of polyurethane research and development.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Looking ahead, the future of polyurethane materials appears both promising and challenging. Global demand is expected to continue growing across sectors such as insulation, mobility, electronics, healthcare, and renewable energy. Polyurethane foams will remain indispensable for improving building energy efficiency and reducing greenhouse gas emissions through thermal insulation. Emerging applications in batteries, electronics, additive manufacturing, and biomedical engineering are also expected to ","PeriodicalId":18054,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics","volume":"227 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/macp.70348","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issue Information: Macromol. Chem. Phys. 19/2026","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/macp.70347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.70347","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18054,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics","volume":"227 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/macp.70347","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of an Ultra-Low Content of Reactive Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane on Structure and Thermal Properties of Polycyanurate/Polybenzoxazine Hybrid Nanocomposites","authors":"O. Starostenko,&nbsp;O. Grigoryeva,&nbsp;D. Shulzhenko,&nbsp;A. Fainleib,&nbsp;D. Grande","doi":"10.1002/macp.70349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.70349","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this work, a comprehensive investigation of the co-curing behavior, chemical transformations during network formation, and thermal properties of dicyanate ester of bisphenol E (DCBE)/benzoxazine (BZ) (75/25 wt.%) systems modified with epoxycyclohexyl-functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (ECH-POSS) was carried out to establish the role of the reactive nanofiller in the structure and properties of hybrid organic–inorganic polycyanurate (PCN)/polybenzoxazine (PBZ)/ECH-POSS nanocomposites. DSC revealed a complex three-stage curing process and demonstrated that ECH-POSS selectively accelerated the cyanate ester component, while only weakly affecting BZ polymerization. At 2 wt.% ECH-POSS, the curing onset decreased from 113°C to 91°C, the main exothermic peak shifted from 241°C to 220°C, the induction period decreased by ∼28%, and the reaction rate at a fixed heating time increased more than threefold. FTIR and ¹H/¹³C NMR analyses provided evidence for chemical coupling between DCBE and BZ through the formation of triazine, iminocarbonate, and carbamate structures. Incorporation of only 0.025–0.5 wt.% ECH-POSS dramatically increased the glass transition temperature (<i>T</i>_g) of hybrid nanocomposites by 14°C–21°C, reaching 214°C at 0.025 wt.% ECH-POSS. They retained high thermal stability and char yields of 43%–44% at 790°C. These results demonstrate that reactive ECH-POSS effectively allows for combining lower-temperature curing with substantial <i>T</i>_g enhancement, providing a promising strategy for the design of high-performance thermosetting nanocomposites.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18054,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics","volume":"227 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of The Alcohol's Acidity on Organo-Base Catalyzed Carbamate Formation From Aliphatic Isocyanates","authors":"Lena M. Hofbauer,&nbsp;Tatjana Radišcović,&nbsp;Jan Leodolter,&nbsp;Christian Slugovc","doi":"10.1002/macp.70345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.70345","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study presents findings on Lewis and Brønsted base catalysis in the reaction of aliphatic isocyanates with aliphatic and aromatic alcohols at room temperature and under solvent-free conditions. The electronic properties of the alcohols were examined to determine their impact on reaction rates, using Lewis and Brønsted bases, as well as the Lewis acid dibutyltin dilaureate (DBTL), as a reference. The results for primary aliphatic alcohols showed that none of the organo-bases could compete with DBTL in terms of catalytic activity. However, a strong dependence of the alcohols' acidity on the reaction rate was observed. With organo-base catalysis, more acidic alcohols, particularly phenols, react faster than less acidic ones. The opposite trend was observed with DBTL. Selectivity tests revealed preferential consumption of the more acidic alcohol when base-catalysis was used. DBTL causes aliphatic alcohols to react more readily than phenols. Accordingly, base catalysis offers high activity and selectivity in the carbamate formation from aromatic alcohols and aliphatic isocyanates.</p>","PeriodicalId":18054,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics","volume":"227 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/macp.70345","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149048382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upcycling High Impact Polystyrene Post-Consumer E-Waste Into Composites by Thiocracking","authors":"Carson B. Shivers,&nbsp;Rhett C. Smith","doi":"10.1002/macp.70346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.70346","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Electronic waste (e-waste) contains large fractions of engineering plastics that are challenging to recycle because they are distributed across many products, compounded with additives, and often contaminated. Here we demonstrate a one-pot thiocracking strategy that converts post-consumer high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) into high-sulfur composites using only elemental sulfur and mechanically processed HIPS. Heating mixtures of sulfur and HIPS at 230°C affords a formulation series (HIPSS70–HIPSS90, 70–90 wt.% S) as dark brown monoliths in 91–95% isolated yield without solvent or catalyst. Solvent extraction followed by UV–vis analysis quantifies 14.9–27.6 wt.% extractable (‘dark’) sulfur, indicating formulation-dependent sulfur immobilization. SEM-EDX mapping is consistent with a comparatively uniform sulfur-rich matrix in HIPSS₉₀ and discrete carbon-rich domains at higher HIPS loadings. Thermal analysis shows sulfur-dominated transitions (<i>T</i>_g −36 to −5°C; <i>T</i>_m ≈115°C–117°C) with additional higher-temperature glass transitions in HIPS-rich composites, and decomposition onsets near 228°C–233°C. Compressive strengths of 5.9–9.3 MPa place the HIPS composites in the regime of masonry bricks and comparable waste-derived high-sulfur materials, supporting their potential as low-cost construction and encapsulation materials for plastic-rich e-waste fractions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18054,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics","volume":"227 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/macp.70346","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149048297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a New Dehydrogenative Method for the Synthesis of Polydioxythiophenes","authors":"Samuel Brassard,&nbsp;Jean-François Morin,&nbsp;Mario Leclerc","doi":"10.1002/macp.70338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.70338","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Conjugated polymers have proven to be capable and polyvalent materials for organic electronic applications. However, mainstream adoption has been hampered due to synthetic constraints such as the number of synthetic steps as well as the cost or toxicity of the critical C─C coupling step using Suzuki–Miyaura or Migita–Stille methods. This problem has been partially addressed with the development of direct (hetero)arylation polymerization (DHAP), which allows for polymerization through the coupling of a C─X and a C─H bond and thereby avoids several functionalization steps required by other methods. Yet, this process could be further simplified and rendered more benign through the coupling of two C─H bonds using molecular oxygen as an oxidant to accomplish polymerization. In this paper, we explore such a method, called Oxi-DArP, to obtain polythiophene derivatives using a PEPPSI-<i>i</i>Pr palladium catalyst as well as molecular oxygen as the sole oxidant. This method allowed us to obtain in situ doped SEDOT polymers with M_n values of up to 18 kDa and conductivity values up to 14 S/cm.</p>","PeriodicalId":18054,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics","volume":"227 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/macp.70338","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149048298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hematene-Reinforced Chitosan/Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanocomposite as a Bio-Derived Proton Exchange Membrane","authors":"Georgios Alpochoritis,&nbsp;Anastasios Patsidis,&nbsp;Vasilios I. Georgakilas","doi":"10.1002/macp.70344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.70344","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>2D hematene nanoplatelets are obtained through a chitosan-assisted liquid-phase exfoliation process (LPE) in water and characterized using spectroscopic techniques. Subsequently, nanocomposite membranes are developed by incorporating hematene nanoplatelets at various loadings into a chitosan–polyvinyl alcohol (CS/PVA) copolymer matrix, with a parallel series prepared using a sulfonic agent at constant concentration. A comparative study is conducted to evaluate the influence of hematene and sulfonation on water uptake, swelling, ion exchange capacity (IEC), methanol permeability, mechanical behavior, dielectric properties, and proton conductivity of membranes. Hematene nanoplatelets enhance mechanical reinforcement and dielectric response, while sulfonation significantly improves IEC and methanol barrier performance. Proton conductivity increases relative to pristine polymers but did not improve with hematene addition. Overall, hematene-reinforced nanocomposite membranes demonstrate promising properties that could significantly contribute to the development of low-cost, eco-friendly, and sustainable proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs).</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18054,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics","volume":"227 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149048034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Key Molecular Parameters of PEI for Efficient DNA Delivery Into HEK293T Cells","authors":"Paulina Alejandra Montaño González,&nbsp;Manon Rochedy,&nbsp;Christophe Schatz,&nbsp;Jean-Paul Chapel,&nbsp;Ma. Lizbeth Zepeda García,&nbsp;Alberto Gutiérrez Becerra,&nbsp;Sylvain Tranchimand,&nbsp;Patricia Leroyer,&nbsp;Fabienne Gauffre,&nbsp;Soizic Chevance,&nbsp;Pascal Loyer,&nbsp;Lourdes Mónica Bravo Anaya","doi":"10.1002/macp.70343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.70343","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The development of polyplexes from natural or synthetic polycations and nucleic acids remains limited by intracellular barriers, which restrict efficient protein expression. A fundamental understanding of how polymer molecular design influences these processes is therefore essential. Here, we investigate the relationships between polymer molecular architecture, supramolecular organization and the intracellular delivery efficiency of poly(ethylenimine) (PEI)/DNA polyplexes. Four PEIs differing in molecular weight and structure were used as model polycations to correlate polyplex physicochemical properties with biological performance. We show that PEI molecular design influences polyplex stability in biological media, cellular uptake, intracellular trafficking, transfection efficiency and cytotoxicity, together with differences in the supramolecular organization of the polyplexes. A correlation between the percentage of green fluorescent protein-positive cells and internalized nucleic acid identifies key molecular features associated with both polyplex uptake and protein expression in HEK293T cells. Notably, branched PEI of 25 kg/mol forms small, highly stable polyplexes exhibiting hierarchical inter-complex organization, as revealed by small-angle x-ray scattering. This hierarchical organization is associated with enhanced cellular internalization, intracellular trafficking and transfection efficiency. Overall, this study provides new insights into structure–property–function relationships linking polymer molecular design, polyplex organization and intracellular delivery efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":18054,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics","volume":"227 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/macp.70343","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149047907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the Primary Structure of Amphiphilic Block Copolymers on Their Surface Orientation","authors":"Yukari Oda,&nbsp;Hayate Narumi","doi":"10.1002/macp.70340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.70340","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The amphiphilic block copolymer, poly{2-[2(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl acrylate}-<i>block</i>-polystyrene (PMEEEA-<i>b</i>-PS), is a well-designed polymer that forms a microphase-separated structure oriented perpendicular to the film surface via simple thermal annealing. However, the preferential segregation tendency of one component and the resulting wettability to water are unavoidable at the local conformational level. To achieve better control of the surface structure of the polymer film, we systematically examine the effect of the primary structure of PMEEEA-<i>b</i>-PS prepared by controlled radical polymerization on the surface orientation behavior of its film with respect to the thermal annealing temperature. The optimization of the chemical composition of the block copolymer enables a clearer surface orientation of both components through thermal annealing over a wide range of temperatures. Variation in the primary structure of the block copolymer results in different surface structures and changes in the wettability to water. The key to surface orientation is an appropriate balance between the surface segregation of one component and stability of the microphase-separated structure of the block copolymer, which is controlled by the primary structure and thermal annealing. These findings serve as useful guidelines for the precise design of the surface structures for the development of functional polymers with minimal energy and resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":18054,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics","volume":"227 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/macp.70340","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148994554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}