Life Sciences in Space Research最新文献_第2页

Hydroponics for plant cultivation in space – a white paper 用于太空植物栽培的水培法--白皮书

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Life Sciences in Space Research Pub Date : 2024-06-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2024.06.004

Karl H. Hasenstein, Nicholas M. Miklave

{"title":"Hydroponics for plant cultivation in space – a white paper","authors":"Karl H. Hasenstein, Nicholas M. Miklave","doi":"10.1016/j.lssr.2024.06.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lssr.2024.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"The microgravity conditions experienced in space prevent the proper distribution of water throughout root modules of plant growth hardware, and the lack of convective mixing and buoyancy reduces gas exchange. To overcome this problem, cultivation technologies should be designed that take advantage of the unique traits of the spaceflight environment instead of attempting to recreate Earth-like conditions. Such technologies should be adaptable to both the microgravity of spaceflight and the low gravity environments of the lunar and Martian surface. Current space plant cultivation relies on traditional terrestrial practices and uses porous substrates that are nutrient poor and difficult to regenerate, and does not consider the dominance of surface- or thermal gradient-controlled rather than gravity-controlled water flow in space as a potential beneficial property. We propose systems that control water dispensation and removal by parallel but independent means in a soil-free cultivation system that is adaptable and expandable to crops of varying sizes and shallow or deep rooting plants. Water dispensation and removal in a substrate-free hydroponic system can be achieved through the misting of nutrient solutions combined with special root module geometry and temperature gradients. The use of hydrogels as substrate, and a means of providing required nutrients and water for plant cultivation in space, can aid in the transition to low-gravity systems by eventual incorporation of on-site regolith to establish Earth-like soil.","PeriodicalId":18029,"journal":{"name":"Life Sciences in Space Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141506741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cultivation and nutritional characteristics of Chlorella vulgaris cultivated using Martian regolith and synthetic urine 利用火星碎屑和合成尿培养的小球藻的培养和营养特性

IF 2.9 3区生物学

Life Sciences in Space Research Pub Date : 2024-06-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2024.06.003

Mattia Casula , Giacomo Fais , Cristina Manis , Paola Scano , Cyprien Verseux , Alessandro Concas , Giacomo Cao , Pierluigi Caboni

{"title":"Cultivation and nutritional characteristics of Chlorella vulgaris cultivated using Martian regolith and synthetic urine","authors":"Mattia Casula , Giacomo Fais , Cristina Manis , Paola Scano , Cyprien Verseux , Alessandro Concas , Giacomo Cao , Pierluigi Caboni","doi":"10.1016/j.lssr.2024.06.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lssr.2024.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Long-term spatial missions will require sustainable methods for biomass production using locally available resources. This study investigates the feasibility of cultivating <em>Chlorella vulgaris</em>, a high value microalgal specie, using a leachate of Martian regolith and synthetic human urine as nutrient sources. The microalga was grown in a standard medium (BBM) mixed with 0, 20, 40, 60, or 100 % Martian medium (MM). MM did not significantly affect final biomass concentrations. Total carbohydrate and protein contents decreased with increasing MM fractions between 0 % and 60 %, but biomass in the 100% MM showed the highest levels of carbohydrates and proteins (25.2 ± 0.9 % and 37.1 ± 1.4 % of the dry weight, respectively, against 19.0 ± 1.7 % and 32.0 ± 2.7 % in the absence of MM). In all MM-containing media, the fraction of the biomass represented by total lipids was lower (by 3.2 to 4.5%) when compared to BBM. Conversely, total carotenoids increased, with the highest value (97.3 ± 1.5 mg/100 g) measured with 20% MM. In a three-dimensional principal component analysis of triacylglycerols, samples clustered according to growth media; a strong impact of growth media on triacylglycerol profiles was observed. Overall, our findings suggest that microalgal biomass produced using regolith and urine can be used as a valuable component of astronauts’ diet during missions to Mars.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18029,"journal":{"name":"Life Sciences in Space Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214552424000658/pdfft?md5=ab29673c8bc23f8200a7555d4eb65881&pid=1-s2.0-S2214552424000658-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141487062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impedance threshold device as a countermeasure for spaceflight associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS): Mitigating mechanisms in proposed pathophysiology 作为太空飞行相关神经眼综合症（SANS）对策的阻抗阈值装置：拟议病理生理学中的缓解机制

IF 2.9 3区生物学

Life Sciences in Space Research Pub Date : 2024-06-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2024.06.002

Mohammed Tayyib Masood , Jen-Wei (Willy) Wang , Eleni Angeliki Zoumi , Kinshuk Jain , Alex Suh , Joshua Ong , Ethan Waisberg , Mouayad Masalkhi , Andrew G. Lee

引用次数: 0

Microbes and nutrient shift in a Closed Aquatic Ecosystem (CAES) during four weeks of operation 封闭式水生生态系统（CAES）四周运行期间的微生物和营养物质变化

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Life Sciences in Space Research Pub Date : 2024-06-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2024.06.001

Peifan Gu , Xianyuan Zhang , Anji Chen , Qing Tian , Jing Zhang , Tao Li , Xiaoyan Li , Gaohong Wang

{"title":"Microbes and nutrient shift in a Closed Aquatic Ecosystem (CAES) during four weeks of operation","authors":"Peifan Gu , Xianyuan Zhang , Anji Chen , Qing Tian , Jing Zhang , Tao Li , Xiaoyan Li , Gaohong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.lssr.2024.06.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lssr.2024.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A Closed Aquatic Ecosystem (CAES) housed an aquatic plant <em>Ceratophyllum demersum</em>, zebrafish (<em>Danio rerio</em>), and microbes that were simultaneously obtained with the zebrafish, and it was used to study the operation of the ecosystem. The results indicated that the CAES can operate steadily for about 4 weeks. The dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, and conductivity values of the ecosystem regularly oscillated, while the total nitrogen of the water decreased and the total phosphate slightly increased. Additionally, the chemical oxygen demand (COD, a measure of organic compounds) of the water after the experiment increased to 39 times more than that of the water before the experiment. The meta-genomic data showed that the number of genera decreased by 38 % and the top 10 most abundant genera were almost completely different before and after the experiment, which demonstrated a great shift in the microbes during the operation process. These results suggested that although the CAES operated steadily during the 28-day experiment, there were more organic materials and less nitrogen in the water by the end of the experiment, which may have influenced the structure and operation of the ecosystem. Thus, it is necessary to remove superfluous plant biomass from the CAES and supply nitrogen to keep the ecosystem stable.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18029,"journal":{"name":"Life Sciences in Space Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141314253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Musculoskeletal perturbations of deep space radiation: Assessment using a Gateway MRI 深空辐射对肌肉骨骼的干扰：使用网关磁共振成像进行评估

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Life Sciences in Space Research Pub Date : 2024-05-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2024.05.004

Amandine Jullienne , Mackenzie Malo , Keely Shaw , Yuwen Zheng , James D Johnston , Saija Kontulainen , Philip D Chilibeck , Ekaterina Dadachova , Andre Obenaus , Gordon E Sarty

{"title":"Musculoskeletal perturbations of deep space radiation: Assessment using a Gateway MRI","authors":"Amandine Jullienne , Mackenzie Malo , Keely Shaw , Yuwen Zheng , James D Johnston , Saija Kontulainen , Philip D Chilibeck , Ekaterina Dadachova , Andre Obenaus , Gordon E Sarty","doi":"10.1016/j.lssr.2024.05.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lssr.2024.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Human space exploration expansion from Low-Earth Orbit to deep space is accelerating the need to monitor and address the known health concerns related to deep space radiation. The human musculoskeletal system is vulnerable to these risks (alongside microgravity) and its health reflects the well-being of other body systems. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an important approach for assessing temporal physiological changes in the musculoskeletal system. We propose that ultra-low-field MRI provides an optimal low Size Weight and Power (SwaP) solution for non-invasively monitoring muscle and bone changes on the planned <em>Gateway</em> lunar space station. Our proposed ultra-low-field <em>Gateway</em> MRI meets low SWaP design specifications mandated by limited room in the lunar space station. This review summarizes the current state of our knowledge on musculoskeletal consequences of spaceflight, especially with respect to radiation, and then elaborates how MRI can be used to monitor the deleterious effects of space travel and the efficacy of putative countermeasures. We argue that an ultra-low-field MRI in cis-lunar space on the <em>Gateway</em> can provide valuable research and medical insights into the effects of deep space radiation exposure on astronauts. Such an MRI would also allow the development of imaging protocols that would facilitate Earth-bound teams to monitor space personnel musculoskeletal changes during future interplanetary spaceflight. It will especially have a role in monitoring countermeasures, such as the use of melanin, in protecting space explorers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18029,"journal":{"name":"Life Sciences in Space Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214552424000622/pdfft?md5=b38630656a44bcac5211b1afe69c3ee9&pid=1-s2.0-S2214552424000622-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141241394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A polymerase chain reaction experiment using Escherichia coli and Mars sand simulant for detection and analysis of extraterrestrial life 利用大肠杆菌和火星沙模拟物进行聚合酶链反应实验，以探测和分析地外生命

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Life Sciences in Space Research Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2024.05.003

Keigo Enya , Satoshi Sasaki , Taiki Kunieda

{"title":"A polymerase chain reaction experiment using Escherichia coli and Mars sand simulant for detection and analysis of extraterrestrial life","authors":"Keigo Enya , Satoshi Sasaki , Taiki Kunieda","doi":"10.1016/j.lssr.2024.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lssr.2024.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, we conducted polymerase chain reaction (PCR) experiments using <em>Escherichia coli</em> (<em>E. coli</em>) and a Mars sand simulant (Mars Global Simulant MGS-1, Exolith Lab) to detect and analyze potential extraterrestrial life. The targeted DNA sequence is common among the bacterial kingdom on Earth. PCR experiments conducted after alkaline heat extraction, wherein samples with varying amounts of Mars sand simulant were compared, revealed that the simulant interfered with DNA detection. We then conducted PCR experiments following treatment with a sand DNA extraction kit on samples with various <em>E. coli</em> densities. DNA bands for a minimum <em>E. coli</em> density of 900 cells/(g sand) were confirmed, while no DNA bands were visible in the 90 cells/(g sand) sample with and without the Mars sand simulant. The total DNA mass contained in 900 cells was calculated to be 15.3 pg (i.e., 1.53 pg in 0.1 g sand sample we evaluated). We tested and compared the influence of the eluate of Mars sand simulant and DNA adsorption onto Mars sand simulant based on optical absorbance measurements. Our findings suggest that the mechanism by which the Mars sand simulant prevents PCR is through the adsorption of DNA onto the Mars sand simulant.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18029,"journal":{"name":"Life Sciences in Space Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214552424000610/pdfft?md5=636150b80cc1f7b27f024fbfc6c2710a&pid=1-s2.0-S2214552424000610-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141143655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Coordinated lunar time (LTC): Implications of a lunar-centric time zone on astronaut health and space medicine 协调月球时间（LTC）：以月球为中心的时区对宇航员健康和空间医学的影响

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Life Sciences in Space Research Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2024.05.002

Ethan Waisberg , Joshua Ong , Andrew G. Lee

引用次数: 0

Cardiovascular adaptations in microgravity conditions 微重力条件下的心血管适应性

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Life Sciences in Space Research Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2024.05.001

Senthil Kumar Hariom, Everette Jacob Remington Nelson

{"title":"Cardiovascular adaptations in microgravity conditions","authors":"Senthil Kumar Hariom, Everette Jacob Remington Nelson","doi":"10.1016/j.lssr.2024.05.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lssr.2024.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Gravity has had a significant impact on the evolution of life on Earth with organisms developing necessary biological adaptations over billions of years to counter this ever-existing force. There has been an exponential increase in experiments using real and simulated gravity environments in the recent years. Although an understanding followed by discovery of counter measures to negate diminished gravity in space had been the driving force of research initially, there has since been a phenomenal leap wherein a force unearthly as microgravity is beginning to show promising potential. The current review summarizes pathophysiological changes that occur in multiple aspects of the cardiovascular system when exposed to an altered gravity environment leading to cardiovascular deconditioning and orthostatic intolerance. Gravity influences not just the complex multicellular systems but even the survival of organisms at the molecular level by intervening fundamental cellular processes, directly affecting those linked to actin and microtubule organization <em>via</em> mechano-transduction pathways. The reach of gravity ranges from cytoskeletal rearrangement that regulates cell adhesion and migration to intracellular dynamics that dictate cell fate commitment and differentiation. An understanding that microgravity itself is not present on Earth propels the scope of simulated gravity conditions to be a unique and useful environment that could be explored for enhancing the potential of stem cells for a wide range of applications as has been highlighted here.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18029,"journal":{"name":"Life Sciences in Space Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140950599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biophysics of ophthalmic medications during spaceflight: Principles of ocular fluid dynamics and pharmacokinetics in microgravity 太空飞行期间眼科药物的生物物理学：微重力条件下的眼液动力学和药代动力学原理

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Life Sciences in Space Research Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2024.04.007

Hamza Memon , Joshua Ong , Ethan Waisberg , Nicholas Panzo , Prithul Sarker , Nasif Zaman , Alireza Tavakkoli , Andrew G. Lee

{"title":"Biophysics of ophthalmic medications during spaceflight: Principles of ocular fluid dynamics and pharmacokinetics in microgravity","authors":"Hamza Memon , Joshua Ong , Ethan Waisberg , Nicholas Panzo , Prithul Sarker , Nasif Zaman , Alireza Tavakkoli , Andrew G. Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.lssr.2024.04.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lssr.2024.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As spaceflight becomes increasingly accessible and expansive to humanity, it is becoming ever more essential to consider the treatment of various eye diseases in these challenging environments. This paper delves into the increasing fascination with interplanetary travel and its implications for health management in varying environments. It specifically discusses the pharmacological management of ocular diseases, focusing on two key delivery methods: topical eye drops and intravitreal injections. The paper explores how microgravity impacts the administration of these treatments, a vital aspect in understanding drug delivery in space. An extensive analysis is presented on the pharmacokinetics of eye medications, examining the interaction between pharmaceuticals and ocular tissues in zero gravity. The goal of the paper is to bridge the understanding of fluid dynamics, microgravity and the human physiological systems to pave the way for innovative solutions faced by individuals in microgravity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18029,"journal":{"name":"Life Sciences in Space Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140894625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In Memoriam 悼念

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Life Sciences in Space Research Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2024.04.006

引用次数: 0