{"title":"High-Cx/Co Hollow Disk Resonators","authors":"Alper Ozzurluk, Yafei Li, Clark T.C. Nzuven","doi":"10.1109/FCS.2018.8597505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCS.2018.8597505","url":null,"abstract":"Mass and stiffness reduction via hollowing out a ca-pacitive-gap transduced radial mode disk resonator while maintaining resonance frequency and transduction area has enabled a measured electromechanical coupling strength $(c_{x}/c_{o})$ of 0.56% at 123 MHz without electrode-to-resonator gap scaling. This is a more than $5times$ improvement in $C_{x}/C_{o}$ compared with a conventional radial contour-mode disk at the same frequency. $c_{x}/c_{o}$ increases like this stand to improve the passbands of channel-select filters targeted for low power wireless transceivers, as well as lower the power of MEMS-based oscillators.","PeriodicalId":180164,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (IFCS)","volume":"221 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122613935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Accurate Signal Transmission Delay Measurement in Optical Fibers with Self-Calibration Configuration","authors":"H. Si, Bo Wang, Jingwen Dong, Lijun Wang, Y. Zuo","doi":"10.1109/FCS.2018.8597487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCS.2018.8597487","url":null,"abstract":"We demonstrate a compact signal transmission delay measurement system in optical fibers. The frequency of a microwave signal is locked to the signal transmission delay which can be obtained in frequency domain. With a frequency-scanning ambiguity resolving system, the signal transmission delay can be precisely determined. The system delay fluctuation is monitored in real-time and subtracted from the measurement result. This method achieves sub-picosecond uncertainty.","PeriodicalId":180164,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (IFCS)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124017447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaochi Liu, Zhiyuan Jiang, J. Qu, D. Hou, Q. Bai, Xian-he Huang, F. Sun
{"title":"Investigation of Rabi Resonance for Measuring Microwave Magnetic Field","authors":"Xiaochi Liu, Zhiyuan Jiang, J. Qu, D. Hou, Q. Bai, Xian-he Huang, F. Sun","doi":"10.1109/FCS.2018.8597448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCS.2018.8597448","url":null,"abstract":"We have recently presented a technique for measuring unknown microwave magnetic fields based on atomic Rabi resonances. Here we investigate how the line shapes of the resonances can be influenced by the experimental parameters.","PeriodicalId":180164,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (IFCS)","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131448086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Compact High-Precision Analog Temperature Controller for MEMS Inertial Sensors","authors":"Arif Mustafazade, A. Seshia","doi":"10.1109/FCS.2018.8597565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCS.2018.8597565","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present an analog high-precision temperature controller designed to stabilize the temperature of MEMS inertial sensors with a short-term stability of better than $pm 50 mu^{circ}mathbf{K}$ and long-term stability of $pm 250 mu^{circ}mathbf{K}_{mathbf{p}-mathbf{p}}$ measured over 12 hours. The fully analog design employing only DC signals makes it suitable for noise and interference sensitive applications as compared to AC coupled and digital methods. A linear power management method also has been implemented to minimize the power dissipation on the power stage to less than 5 mW. The whole controller implemented on a $21.3 mathbf{mm}times 21.3$ mm $10.84^{primeprime} times 0.84^{primeprime})$ PCB.","PeriodicalId":180164,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (IFCS)","volume":"3 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131001386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Doringshoff, F. B. Gutsch, V. Schkolnik, E. Kovalchuk, M. Krutzik, M. Oswald, T. Schuldt, C. Braxmaier, C. Kürbis, A. Bawamia, A. Wicht, T. Schuldt, C. Braxmaier, B. Probster, M. Lezius, R. Holzwarth
{"title":"A Compact Optical Iodine Frequency Reference on a Sounding Rocket","authors":"K. Doringshoff, F. B. Gutsch, V. Schkolnik, E. Kovalchuk, M. Krutzik, M. Oswald, T. Schuldt, C. Braxmaier, C. Kürbis, A. Bawamia, A. Wicht, T. Schuldt, C. Braxmaier, B. Probster, M. Lezius, R. Holzwarth","doi":"10.1109/FCS.2018.8597507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCS.2018.8597507","url":null,"abstract":"We present an absolute optical frequency reference based on molecular iodine and its application on a sounding rocket mission. The iodine frequency reference is based on modulation transfer spectroscopy of the transition R(56)32-0 and currently provides a frequency stability of few times 10–13 at 1 s averaging time. The iodine reference will be compared to an rf referenced dual frequency comb during a sounding rocket flight, scheduled for April 2018.","PeriodicalId":180164,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (IFCS)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131123787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Calosso, C. Fluhr, B. Dubois, F. Vernotte, V. Giordano, E. Rubiola
{"title":"Direct Stability Measurement of Cryogenic Sapphire Oscillators with Tracking DDSs and Two-Sample Covariance","authors":"C. Calosso, C. Fluhr, B. Dubois, F. Vernotte, V. Giordano, E. Rubiola","doi":"10.1109/FCS.2018.8597564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCS.2018.8597564","url":null,"abstract":"We demonstrate the first stability measurement of 10 GHz cryogenic sapphire oscillators (CSOs) at the 100 MHz output by direct comparison of three units. Thanks to the low background noise of the Tracking DDS, and to the use of two-sample covariances, it is no longer necessary to beat the oscillators down to the HF region. The stability of our oscillators is of $2times 10^{-15}$ at 1 s, limited by the CSO internal synthesizer, while the flicker floor of one unit is of $3times 10^{-16}$.","PeriodicalId":180164,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (IFCS)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125273855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhiqiang Zhou, Yuan Liu, Shaoshuang Su, Xiaojiang Liang, Ping Wang
{"title":"A Low-Jitter Technique of Frequency Multiplication Using Quartz Crystal Array","authors":"Zhiqiang Zhou, Yuan Liu, Shaoshuang Su, Xiaojiang Liang, Ping Wang","doi":"10.1109/FCS.2018.8597552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCS.2018.8597552","url":null,"abstract":"A novel technique for frequency multiplication provides higher frequency clock output by using the crystal delay array made from the low-frequency crystal filters. This paper presents the analysis and design in both crystal array arrangement and circuit level of such systems. The low-jitter and high frequency stability characteristics, low cost and small size features will be also discussed with comparing current crystal oscillators. The simulation and prototyping results will be given. The presented technique is extendable to other types of resonator devices such as saw and mems based filter array to generate even higher clock frequency.","PeriodicalId":180164,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (IFCS)","volume":"153 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114066676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Junru Shi, Jingya Chen, Yong Guan, Jun Ruan, Xinliang Wang, Dandan Liu, Yang Bai, Fan Yang, Shaugang Zhang
{"title":"The Study of Ramsey and Rabi Frequency Pulling Shift","authors":"Junru Shi, Jingya Chen, Yong Guan, Jun Ruan, Xinliang Wang, Dandan Liu, Yang Bai, Fan Yang, Shaugang Zhang","doi":"10.1109/FCS.2018.8597457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCS.2018.8597457","url":null,"abstract":"Ramsey and Rabi frequency pulling shift is one of frequency corrections in cesium atomic fountain primary frequency standard. Due to its very small value, we need novel computing methods and experimental techniques. By calculating transition probability in Ramsey configuration and solving time-evolution operator's differential equation, we derived this frequency shift. By means of feeding in two microwaves with different frequencies to selection cavity, we got initial atomic coherence with the population difference of 4.22%, and by magnifying this frequency shift experimentally, we measured it with the increase of compensation coil current, which verified the theoretical conclusion: this frequency shift versus coherent phase is a trigonometric function. At last we evaluated the maximum Ramsey and Rabi frequency pulling shift of NTSC-Fl in normal operation is $2.6times 10^{-18}$.","PeriodicalId":180164,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (IFCS)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114080809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Rudy, S. Bedair, J. Puder, R. Polcawich, J. Pulskamp
{"title":"Aspect Ratio Influence on Anchor Loss Using Rapid Analytical FEA Technique","authors":"R. Rudy, S. Bedair, J. Puder, R. Polcawich, J. Pulskamp","doi":"10.1109/FCS.2018.8597478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCS.2018.8597478","url":null,"abstract":"Aspect ratio and its effect on quality factor and coupling factor in length-extensional resonators is analyzed through a rapid analytical/3D-FEA hybrid approach. The approach uses modal analysis to quickly solve for displacements at anchor points, a proxy for energy radiated out of the resonator. Results are compared to experimental data, explaining variations in quality factor from 100 to 2000 based on aspect ratio. Specific aspect ratios which mitigate anchor loss were found to occur for different material stacks, in this case a width to length ratio of 1.4 exhibits a peak in quality factor, in addition to increased coupling compared to extremely low width to length ratios. Flexure due to stack asymmetry limits this effect at higher harmonics. Methods to reduce anchor loss through tethering and acoustic reflectors can be used in parallel with this work to further reduce anchor loss.","PeriodicalId":180164,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (IFCS)","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114699267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Burger, G. Adams, R. Siebrits, R. Garnatham, V. Vantonder, Z. Ramudzuli, M. Welz, F. Kapp, T. Abbott, A. Syce, V. Smith, C. van der Merwe, P. Rogers, N. Mnyandu
{"title":"Robust Time Scale Design and Implementation for Telescope Time in a Remote Desert Environment","authors":"J. Burger, G. Adams, R. Siebrits, R. Garnatham, V. Vantonder, Z. Ramudzuli, M. Welz, F. Kapp, T. Abbott, A. Syce, V. Smith, C. van der Merwe, P. Rogers, N. Mnyandu","doi":"10.1109/FCS.2018.8597513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCS.2018.8597513","url":null,"abstract":"A clock ensemble for tracking time for a next generation radio telescope (MeerKAT) is being built, to be able provide robust timing w.r.t. UTC over long periods (~10 years) in a remote desert environment at the phase center of the MeerKAT-the master clock timing edge as supplied to the telescope is called the KTT (Karoo Telescope Time). This system consists out of two masers, two GPS/Rb clocks, a high stability crystal, and two time transfer systems to link with the National Metrology Institute of South Africa (NMISA), and hardware based clock selection devices to enable signal routing of the master clock pulse per second and 10MHz frequency reference to the telescope. The system is designed for high availability by making use of redundant climate control, multiple power backup and redundant software logging. Data on the initial time tracking capabilities are presented. Low phase noise and drift of the system for supplying synthesizers has been achieved via vibration isolation, and temperature stabilization in purpose built infrastructure as is shown in data. The system timing is calculated post facto (as opposed to real time realization) due to the lowest timing uncertainty needed on pulsar timing data especially for gravitational wave work. The system architecture and initial measurement on the system is presented.","PeriodicalId":180164,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (IFCS)","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114788065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}